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                    <text>LİGHT SENSİTİVE COMPOSİTE MİCROSPHERES AND CLEAN
ENERGY APPLİCATİONS
Ali İmran Vaizogullar
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
Ahmet Balcı
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Muğla, Turkey
abalci99@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The core shell materials containg titania can improve the properties of the core including
chemical, magnetic and optical properties. More over, composite microspheres may exhibit
novel properties that are not found in a single oxide. Recently, it was reported that SiO2/TiO2
composite particles exhibited better photocatalytic properties than the classical oxides such as
titania and silica. Synthesis of mesoporous materials with a regular geometry and using as a
durable heterogeneous photocatalyst has become popular in recent years due to catalyse these
materials, adsorption, seperating the medical field and availability, from nanotechnolog. Such
microparticles without need a lot of energy plays a major role in the removal of environmental
pollutants.Ultrafiltration removal of such contaminants, electrochemical treatment, adsorption
although there are some techniques, such as pollution comprises a second due to the materials
used in these methods are now lost its importance.

In this study, sol-emulsion-gel methods, microparticles of the desired size were synthesized.
Monodispersed SiO2 microporous microspheres were synthesized by a modifying stöber
method. The results showed that composite particles were about 0.5 μm in diameter, and had a
spherical morphology and a narrow size distribution.
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their photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) in water.
The optimum conditions for the synthesis of particles, mixing speed and duration of calcination
temperature, organic solvents, surface active agents, biomaterials, starting materials was taken
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the effect was followed photoactivity. Experiments carried outwith micro-size particles can be
controlled to be synthesized. The degradation effect of model pollutant (MO) was determined
using UV/Vis spectrophotometry. The amount of surfactant used in the particle size resulted in a
decrase after a certain point. However the areas of use of materials obtained from the tests
carried out in the laboratory for expanding the applicability of data to reveal the endustrial field
were studied. The result of this study shows the potential of applying new generations of catalyst
for wastewater purification. Simplicity, low cost, low energy consumption, and solvent-free are
the advantages of this proposed method which can be used to photodecompose environmental
organic pollutants effectively without heat treatment.

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                    <text>A CFD-BASED PROCEDURE FOR SIMULATION OF WIND FLOWS IN
COMPLEX REGIONS
Muris Torlak
University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
torlak@mef.unsa.ba
Keywords:Wind energy; Simulation; Complex terrains; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
ABSTRACT
A method for simulation of wind flows, which is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
approach, is tested in a region with complex terrain. For the region adopted, limited
measurements of wind velocity and direction exist, and are used as the input data for
specification of boundary conditions. The resulting flow field quantities (wind power density and
turbulent kinetic energy) are shown, indicating the parts of the region which are suitable or
unsuitable for wind turbine positioning. The method employed offers a number of benefits for
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                <text>Keywords:Wind energy; Simulation; Complex terrains; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).  ABSTRACT  A method for simulation of wind flows, which is based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, is tested in a region with complex terrain. For the region adopted, limited measurements of wind velocity and direction exist, and are used as the input data for specification of boundary conditions. The resulting flow field quantities (wind power density and turbulent kinetic energy) are shown, indicating the parts of the region which are suitable or unsuitable for wind turbine positioning. The method employed offers a number of benefits for efficient and reliable estimation of wind resources.</text>
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                    <text>SEVERAL FUNGAL DISEASES ON CULTURED FRESH WATER FISHES
Erol Tokşen
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
etoksen@hotmail.com
Caner Şirin
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
canersrn@hotmail.com
Mehmet Arif Zoral
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
mehmet.arif.zoral@gmail.com
Keywords: Fungal fish diseases, Saprolegnia, Aphanomyces, Branchiomyces
ABSTRACT
In generally, fungal infections affect the external tissues and some of fungal infections that infect
the internal organs of fish. Fungal infections usually on cultured fish associated with poor water
quality and these infections can cause fish mortality. In this presentation includes the important
fungal diseases in cultured fresh water fishes. Especially, certain investigations are given
including fungal fish diseases and general characteristics, diagnosis, pathology, prevention and
treatment of these diseases.

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                    <text>PARASITIC DISEASES OF TROUT AND THEIR CONTROLS IN
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AQUACULTURE:
NEMATHELMINTHES
Erol Tokşen
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
erol.toksen@ege.edu.tr
Caner Şirin
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Mehmet Arif Zoral
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
Keywords: Trout, disease, parasite, nemathelminthes, diagnosis, treatment.
ABSTRACT
Aquaculture is an important food-producing sector. It provides much needed protein,
employment, income and livelihoods support to many people in the world and this is especially
true in most developing countries. A significant challenge to the expansion of aquaculture
production is the outbreak of disease. Potential economic losses from disease outbreaks are
significant, and can affect the survival of the industry. Fish diseases were caused by enfectious
agents as parasite, bacteria, virus and fungus. Among the agents of fish diseases, parasitic worms
occupied an important position.They attack most body organs of fishes, parasitizing them as
adult or as larvae. The nematodes are not only common parasite fauna of freshwater fishes, but
they also constitute a significant part of the parasite fauna of marine and brackish water fishes
where their importance. Camallanus lacutris, Philonema oncorhynchi, Cystidicoloides
ephemeridarum, Cystidicola farionis, Pseudocapillaria salvelini, Raphidascarus acus, Anisakis
simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Cucullanus truttae are observed in freswater trouts. The
present work aim to the parasitic diseases of freshwater trou as fish pathogens is increasaing.t
caused by phylum Plathyhelmin tes, how they are transmitted, which effects they have on trouts,
how they could be diagnosed, and how they could be controlled and treated.

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                <text>Keywords: Trout, disease, parasite, nemathelminthes, diagnosis, treatment.  ABSTRACT  Aquaculture is an important food-producing sector. It provides much needed protein, employment, income and livelihoods support to many people in the world and this is especially true in most developing countries. A significant challenge to the expansion of aquaculture production is the outbreak of disease. Potential economic losses from disease outbreaks are significant, and can affect the survival of the industry. Fish diseases were caused by enfectious agents as parasite, bacteria, virus and fungus. Among the agents of fish diseases, parasitic worms occupied an important position.They attack most body organs of fishes, parasitizing them as adult or as larvae. The nematodes are not only common parasite fauna of freshwater fishes, but they also constitute a significant part of the parasite fauna of marine and brackish water fishes where their importance. Camallanus lacutris, Philonema oncorhynchi, Cystidicoloides ephemeridarum, Cystidicola farionis, Pseudocapillaria salvelini, Raphidascarus acus, Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Cucullanus truttae are observed in freswater trouts. The present work aim to the parasitic diseases of freshwater trou as fish pathogens is increasaing.t caused by phylum Plathyhelmin tes, how they are transmitted, which effects they have on trouts, how they could be diagnosed, and how they could be controlled and treated.</text>
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                    <text>CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MACROFUNGAL DIVERSITY OF
ANTALYA PROVINCE
M.Halil Solak
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
halilsolak@yahoo.com
Mustafa Işıloğlu
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
isiloglu48@gmail.com
Hakan Allı
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
hakanalli@gmail.com
Halil Güngör
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
hgngr1@gmail.com
Erbil Kalmış
Ege University ,Izmir, Turkey
erbilkalmis@yahoo.com
Keywords: Biodiversity, macrofungi, new records, Antalya, Turkey

ABSTRACT
Turkey is a natural habitat for a number of fungus species because of the suitable climate and the
type of vegetation. It is known that studies about Turkish mycota are going on especially last 25
year. However, not all of the fungal diversity in different parts of Turkey has been determined.
With the increasing field works the number of new macrofungal records will rise simultaneously.
These kinds of studies will be present Turkey’s biological diversity.
In this study, an attempt has been made to establish macrofungal specimens collected from
Antalya in 2005-2009. After field and laboratory studies, 140 taxa belonging to 39 families and 2
classes were identified. 21 taxa belong to Ascomycetes and 119 to Basidiomycetes. Six of them;
Cortinarius subferrugineus (Batsch) Fr., Entoloma vernum Lundell, Inocybe geraniodora J.
Favre, Inocybe catalaunica Singer, Inocybe piceae Stangl &amp; Schwöbel, Inocybe rimosa var.
perlata (Cke.) Kuyper, are new records for Turkey. While 398 taxa were reported before in
Antalya Province, the 475 taxa reported included 77 new recorded taxa with this study

�</text>
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                <text>SOLAK, M.Halil
ISILOGLU, Mustafa
ALLI, Hakan
GUNGOR, Halil
KALMIS, Erbil</text>
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                <text>Keywords: Biodiversity, macrofungi, new records, Antalya, Turkey  ABSTRACT  Turkey is a natural habitat for a number of fungus species because of the suitable climate and the type of vegetation. It is known that studies about Turkish mycota are going on especially last 25 year. However, not all of the fungal diversity in different parts of Turkey has been determined. With the increasing field works the number of new macrofungal records will rise simultaneously. These kinds of studies will be present Turkey’s biological diversity.  In this study, an attempt has been made to establish macrofungal specimens collected from Antalya in 2005-2009. After field and laboratory studies, 140 taxa belonging to 39 families and 2 classes were identified. 21 taxa belong to Ascomycetes and 119 to Basidiomycetes. Six of them; Cortinarius subferrugineus (Batsch) Fr., Entoloma vernum Lundell, Inocybe geraniodora J. Favre, Inocybe catalaunica Singer, Inocybe piceae Stangl &amp; Schwöbel, Inocybe rimosa var. perlata (Cke.) Kuyper, are new records for Turkey. While 398 taxa were reported before in Antalya Province, the 475 taxa reported included 77 new recorded taxa with this study</text>
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                <text>ISSN 2233-1565     </text>
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                    <text>PERFORMANCES OF FLAT-PLATE AND CPC SOLAR COLLECTORS
IN UNDERFLOOR HEATING SYSTEMS
Sarvenaz Sobhansarbandi
Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus via Mersin, Turkey
sobhan.sarvenaz@gmail.com
Ugur Atikol
Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus via Mersin, Turkey
ugur.atikol@emu.edu.tr
Keywords:Solar energy, Floor Heating, TRNSYS, Cyprus.
ABSTRACT
There is a growing interest in using solar energy in the underfloor heating systems. However, the
large areas required for the placing of the solar collectors can be discouraging, especially for the
apartment buildings.
The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using Compound Parabolic
Collector (CPC) collectors to replace Flat-Plat collectors in solar energy underfloor heating
systems. By this way, it is aimed to explore the feasibility of area reduction required by the
collectors. Secondly, the temperature profiles of the circulating water loops and the concrete
slabs are sought to be examined.
The simulations were carried out under the winter weather conditions of the Cyprus. The system
consists of solar thermal collectors, a storage tank and circulation of water to carry the heat to 4
floor slabs. The results of the simulations show that, a CPC collector which is commonly used in
producing high grade heat can work more effectively with less area occupied in this system. It is
observed from this study that the outlet fluid temperature of this collector is between 25 to 95◦C,
compared to that of Flat-Plate collectors which is between 25 and 75◦C. The simulations suggest
that a 2 m2 CPC collector can perform satisfactorily to match the job of 8 m2 Flat-Plate
collectors. The heat that is stored in the tank can supply hot water at a temperature of 60◦C which
is reduced to 45◦C after mixing with cold return water before entering the floor slabs. The
estimated slab temperature is approximately 24◦C which is compatible with the standards. Fluid
which is passing through the slabs will eventually lose its temperature as the heat transfer occurs
from the slabs to the environment. Consequently the fluid outlet temperature is observed to be
approximately 25◦C.

�</text>
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                <text>PERFORMANCES OF FLAT-PLATE AND CPC SOLAR COLLECTORS IN UNDERFLOOR HEATING SYSTEMS</text>
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                <text>SOBHANSARBANDI, Sarvenaz
ATIKOL, Ugur</text>
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                <text>Keywords:Solar energy, Floor Heating, TRNSYS, Cyprus.  ABSTRACT  There is a growing interest in using solar energy in the underfloor heating systems. However, the large areas required for the placing of the solar collectors can be discouraging, especially for the apartment buildings.  The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using Compound Parabolic Collector (CPC) collectors to replace Flat-Plat collectors in solar energy underfloor heating systems. By this way, it is aimed to explore the feasibility of area reduction required by the collectors. Secondly, the temperature profiles of the circulating water loops and the concrete slabs are sought to be examined.  The simulations were carried out under the winter weather conditions of the Cyprus. The system consists of solar thermal collectors, a storage tank and circulation of water to carry the heat to 4 floor slabs. The results of the simulations show that, a CPC collector which is commonly used in producing high grade heat can work more effectively with less area occupied in this system. It is observed from this study that the outlet fluid temperature of this collector is between 25 to 95◦C, compared to that of Flat-Plate collectors which is between 25 and 75◦C. The simulations suggest that a 2 m2 CPC collector can perform satisfactorily to match the job of 8 m2 Flat-Plate collectors. The heat that is stored in the tank can supply hot water at a temperature of 60◦C which is reduced to 45◦C after mixing with cold return water before entering the floor slabs. The estimated slab temperature is approximately 24◦C which is compatible with the standards. Fluid which is passing through the slabs will eventually lose its temperature as the heat transfer occurs from the slabs to the environment. Consequently the fluid outlet temperature is observed to be approximately 25◦C.</text>
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                    <text>SEVERAL INTERNAL MYXOZOAN PARASITES ON CULTURED SEA
BASS, DICENTRARCHUS LABRAX AND GILTHEAD SEA BREAM,
SPARUS AURATA IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION
Caner Şirin
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
caner.sirin@mail.ege.edu.tr
Erol Tokşen
Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
caner.sirin@mail.ege.edu.tr
Keywords:Myxosporea, Dicentrarchus labrax, Sparus aurata, Ceratomyxa spp, Sphaerospora
spp, Myxidium spp.
ABSTRACT
Aquaculture production in the Mediterranean has been expanding rapidly over recent years. In
the Mediterranean region, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream
(Sparus aurata) are the most important commercial cultured fish species. Increasing in
aquaculture activities bring out the risk of emergence of parasitic diseases which responsible for
economic losses. Infections of parasites belonging to phylum Myxozoa is generally seen as fish
parasites. Myxosporean is an affective parasite group for marine and freshwater fish and causing
important economic losses. In this presentation contains the important myxosporean parasites in
culture of sea bass and sea bream. Especially, certain investigations are given including
Myxosporean parasites observed on sea bass and sea bream, and their general characteristics of
these parasites were given.

�</text>
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                <text>SEVERAL INTERNAL MYXOZOAN PARASITES ON CULTURED SEA BASS, DICENTRARCHUS LABRAX AND GILTHEAD SEA BREAM, SPARUS AURATA IN MEDITERRANEAN REGION</text>
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                <text>SIRIN, Caner
TOKSEN, Erol</text>
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            <description>A summary of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Keywords:Myxosporea, Dicentrarchus labrax, Sparus aurata, Ceratomyxa spp, Sphaerospora spp, Myxidium spp.  ABSTRACT  Aquaculture production in the Mediterranean has been expanding rapidly over recent years. In the Mediterranean region, European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) are the most important commercial cultured fish species. Increasing in aquaculture activities bring out the risk of emergence of parasitic diseases which responsible for economic losses. Infections of parasites belonging to phylum Myxozoa is generally seen as fish parasites. Myxosporean is an affective parasite group for marine and freshwater fish and causing important economic losses. In this presentation contains the important myxosporean parasites in culture of sea bass and sea bream. Especially, certain investigations are given including Myxosporean parasites observed on sea bass and sea bream, and their general characteristics of these parasites were given.</text>
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                    <text>HURST ANALYSIS OF INDUCTION MOTOR VIBRATIONS FROM
AGING PROCESS
Harun Šiljak
International Burch University, Sarajevo, Turkey
hsiljak@ibu.edu.ba
Serhat Şeker
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
Keywords:Hurst exponents; Long-term dependence; Motor vibration; Aging process.
ABSTRACT
Different algorithms for Hurst exponent estimation, namely aggregated variance, absolute
moment, Higuchi and Peng method, are applied to eight different vibration signals obtained
ininduction motor aging process. Signals were obtained with accelerometers during an artificial
fluting, thermal and chemical aging process. Applicability of Hurst exponent analysis for motor
age detection is discussed based on estimation results. Drop of the exponent value for degraded
states with respect to the original state is detected, while no monotonic relationship between
subsequent states is found. The anti-persistent nature of vibrations is confirmed.

�</text>
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                <text>HURST ANALYSIS OF INDUCTION MOTOR VIBRATIONS FROM AGING PROCESS</text>
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          <element elementId="96">
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                <text>SILJAK, Harun
SEKER, Serhat</text>
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                <text>Keywords:Hurst exponents; Long-term dependence; Motor vibration; Aging process.  ABSTRACT  Different algorithms for Hurst exponent estimation, namely aggregated variance, absolute moment, Higuchi and Peng method, are applied to eight different vibration signals obtained ininduction motor aging process. Signals were obtained with accelerometers during an artificial fluting, thermal and chemical aging process. Applicability of Hurst exponent analysis for motor age detection is discussed based on estimation results. Drop of the exponent value for degraded states with respect to the original state is detected, while no monotonic relationship between subsequent states is found. The anti-persistent nature of vibrations is confirmed.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
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                    <text>RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS (RAS) AND THE
ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
Ramazan Serezli
Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
Muhammet Altunok
Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
Erkan Can
Tunceli University, Tunceli, Turkey
ABSTRACT
In order to meet the protein needs of the rapidly growing world population, cultivation of aquatic
organisms under controlled conditions have been inevitable, so that consisted of aquaculture
industry. Initially, starting with the natural environment and improvement of regulation of
aquaculture, the use of modern devices nowadays are fully controlled manner. At this point,
water uses and closed or recirculating aquaculture production systems (RAS) in order to avoid
the risks of the disease was established.
Naturally in the human activities and the production of products or wastes released into the
environment is composed of a team. Here's recirculated aquaculture system discussed in this
context, water discharge into receiving water discharge and release it in terms of environmental
pollution and ecological balance, the most important point to be aware of. In this study,
recirculating aquaculture systems are discussed and interacts with the environment has been
examined.

�</text>
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ALTUNOK, Muhammet
CAN, Erkan</text>
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                    <text>FORECASTING OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTIONS IN KIRKLARELI,
TURKEY BY SIMPLE MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON
Serhat Seker
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
Tahir Cetin Akinci
Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
cetinakinci@hotmail.com
Hidir Selcuk Nogay
Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
Keywords: Artificial neural network, Multilayer Perceptron, back propagation, forecasting,
wind speed and wind directions.
ABSTRACT
Artificial neural network model was used for short term wind speed and wind directions
forecasting in the Kirklareli area, located in the Marmara region of Turkey in this paper. Using
data of 2010 year that was obtained from State Meteorological Service. A simple ANN model
was used in this study. The mean squared error and approximation values for training of this
model were 0.231491 and 0.994802, respectively. Only 153 data was used in this study. 38 data
of them was used for testing and validation of the Multilayer Perceptron. The ANN model used
in the study has produced satisfactory results. The model can be used by the Kirklareli Electric
Utility Control Center.

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                <text>SEKER, Serhat
CETIN AKINCI, Tahir
NOGAY SELCUK, Hidir</text>
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                <text>Keywords: Artificial neural network, Multilayer Perceptron, back propagation, forecasting, wind speed and wind directions.  ABSTRACT  Artificial neural network model was used for short term wind speed and wind directions forecasting in the Kirklareli area, located in the Marmara region of Turkey in this paper. Using data of 2010 year that was obtained from State Meteorological Service. A simple ANN model was used in this study. The mean squared error and approximation values for training of this model were 0.231491 and 0.994802, respectively. Only 153 data was used in this study. 38 data of them was used for testing and validation of the Multilayer Perceptron. The ANN model used in the study has produced satisfactory results. The model can be used by the Kirklareli Electric Utility Control Center.</text>
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