<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1291">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[LANDFILL GAS TO ENERGY IN TURKEY: CURRENT AND FUTURE]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Landfill gas to energy, municipal solid waste, methane, emissions, simulation, landfill  ABSTRACT  The municipal solid waste processing, landfilling and utilization of the gas to generate electric power and lower the emissions have been used in developed countries for decades, however it is relatively new in Turkey. The new regulations force municipalities in the country to build landfills to safely store the waste and secure the emission gases. The landfill gas can be utilized to produce energy and heat or if the quality is high it can be transported to a natural gas pipeline. In this paper, an overview of landfill gas to energy plants in the world is presented, and the situation in Turkey is analyzed.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2075]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1290">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A REVIEW ON SUSTAINABLE NEW FRUIT THINNING STRATEGIES IN APPLE GROWING]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords: Thinning, fruit quality, Malus x domestica, organic growing.  ABSTRACT  Most modern high-density orchard systems, including apples, have the goals of attaining sustainable, high yields with marketable fruit quality. Fruit quality is determined by size, skin colour and shape, as well as by other features such as internal quality (eg. sugar contents) and eating quality (e.g. crispness, juiciness). Fruit thinning is one of the most important cultural practices for the improvement of fruit quality. Fruits are thinned by hand, mechanically and chemically methods. Although hand thinning is the most reliability thinning method, it is much more expensive than any type of chemical fruit thinning. To reduce the labor costs, around the world, growers have been using chemical-synthetic thinning agents or plant hormones, such as dinitro compounds, NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid), NAAm (Naphthalene Acid Amid), carbaryl, etephon and GA3 (Gibberelic Acid). Whereas, using of these chemicals is not allowed in certified organic apple growing. So, alternative thinning strategies are need for use in organic apple orchards. For this purpose, many researchers tested different potential thinning compounds such as plant oils, ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate), lime sulphur, starch, sodium bicarbonate, sodium salt, soap and kaolin, which are considered safe for the environment and human health.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2096]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1289">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[ENERGY AND CLİMATE CHANGE: AN ALTERNATİVE APPROACH]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Energy, Climate Change, CO2 Emissions, Biodisel, Microalg.  ABSTRACT  Energy consumtion and CO2 emissions have been become topic to a lot of previous studies by economists who analyze of current situation by estimating this relation with econometric models, and provide policy implications. As a result of empirical applications, which cover country or groups of countries, is estimated by modelling Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis, and then test for Granger causality analysis, it is found that Environmental Kuznets Curve is valid in many developing countries, where energy consumption increases pollution emission in the long-run, and it is also found that energy consumption and growth Granger cause generally pollution emissions. Based on these results of survey of literature, it can be said that energy consumption with increased CO2 emissions in the past and current causes climate change. It is confirmed that use of alternative and clean energy is inefficiency and insufficient level. Supporting of this opinion is that level of alternative and clean energy resources in total energy use is increasing, but it is too low increases. Since microalgae are highly rich in oil and able to produce biomass rapidly, they are considered as good sources in production of biofuel. Being specially used in production of biodiesel, the microalgae species are introduced and their main benefits are compared to the other biodiesel feedstocks which are accessible. Providing a short description of the latest state of development of algae cultivation systems, many different sides connected with the design of microalgae production units are presented.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2095]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1288">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[GENERAL TOOL CONDITIONS FOR GREEN MACHINING]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Green Machining; Depth of Cut (DOC); Diamond Tools; Tool Conditions; CNC lathes  ABSTRACT  The development of &quot;green&quot; machine tools will require novel approaches for design, production and operation for energy savings and reduced environmental impact. Manufacturing processes carried out on machine tools are energy intensive. As machine tools have become more advanced, their degree of automation has risen by adding components such as tool change mechanisms or additional axes. Given the general trend of increasing power demand of machine tools the cost that companies have to expend on electrical energy will rise in the future. Furthermore, the external costs on the environment rise, since currently the majority of electrical power is obtained from burning fosil resources. A foreseeable shortage of fossil resources and a growing demand to include the external cost of environmental damage in product prices are likely to increase the cost of electrical energy for companies even further. Therefore, in order to maintain competitiveness and lower costs, companies have to identify ways to decrease the energy consumed during manufacturing for a given product.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2048]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1287">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[APPLİCATİON OF FACTOR ANALYSİS İN THE INVESTİGATİON OF COAL MİNİNG PARAMETER]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Coal Mining, Parameter, Eigenvalues, Factor Analysis, Multivariate Statistic Analysis.  ABSTRACT  In this paper, the selected coal mining parameter such as pickling, production, sale and investments are investigated by using the factor analysis. Factor analysis is one of the multivariate statistical analysis techniques. The main purpose of factor analysis is to reduce the contribution of less significant variables. As a result for this analysis, a small number of factors is usually account for approximately the same amount of information as do the larger set of original variables.  According to the selected coal mining parameter, the first two eigenvalues were found to be bigger than 1, Thus, factor analysis revealed two factors including Factor 1 and Factor 2. Factor 1 was associated pickling and investments. Factor 2 was composed production and sale. The factors are explaining the %76.12 of the total variance in the coal mining parameters. Finally, it was determined that the factor analysis usefulness for analysis and interpretation of coal mining parameters.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2143]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1286">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[APPLICATION OF FACTOR ANALYSIS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF COAL MINING PARAMETER]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords: Coal Mining, Parameter, Eigenvalues, Factor Analysis, Multivariate Statistic Analysis  ABSTRACT  In this paper, the selected coal mining parameter such as pickling, production, sale and invetments are investigated by using the factor analysis. Factor analysis is one of the multivariate statistic analysis techniques. The main purpose of factor analysis is to reduce the contribution of less significant variables. As a result for this analysis, a small number of factors is usually account for approximately the same amount of information as do the larger set of original variables.  According to the selected coal mining parameter, the first two eigenvalues were found to be bigger than 1, Thus, factor analysis revealed two factors including Factor 1 and Factor 2. Factor 1 was associated pickling and invetments. Factor 2 was composed production and sale. The factors are explaining the %76.12 of the total variance in the coal mining parameters. Finally, it was determined that the factor analysis usefulness for analysis and interpretation of coal mining parameters.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2080]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1285">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[ASSESSMENT OF COAL IMPORT PRICES AND IMPORT YEARS IN TURKEY]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Energy; Coal; Import Prices; Cluster Analysis; Block Diagram; Turkey.  ABSTRACT  Statistical analysis techniques are one of the important analysis techniques for the energy issues. In this paper, coal import prices ($) and coal import years (2000-2010) in Turkey are assessed by using the statistical analysis techniques including cluster analysis and block diagram. Through the results from the cluster analysis, it was determined that three different groups of coal import years and two different groups of coal import prices. After, the results of cluster analysis supported the block diagram. Finally, this study shows that the beneficial to statistical analysis techniques such as cluster analysis and block diagram for grouping in the coal import prices ($) and coal import years (2000-2010).]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2060]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1284">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[THE IMPORTANCE OF COST-BENEFİT ANALYSİS İN PUBLİC INVESTMENTS: EXAMPLE OF HYDROELECTRİC ENERGY]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords: Cost-benefit analysis, public investments, hydroelectric energy.  ABSTRACT  In developing countries, efficiency in public expenditures, especially public investments, fulfilling of their expected functions, is related to high efficiency in investments. It is obligatory to measure the efficiency of public investments with scientific criteria whose monetary values and benefits are measurable. While the state wants to do investments in areas useful for public, it has to estimate and decide the investment’s cost and income according to currency’s present value. In public investments cost price and total income can’t be estimated different from market prices?  In this study, choice between alternative investment projects according to the criteria cost-benefit analysis of making, the determination of the “optimum investment amount” has meant. Hence, the development of investment policy based on cost-benefit criteria is important for efficient use of resources.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2138]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1283">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[COMPARISON OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION LIMITS FOR EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCIES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR); Electromagnetic Pollution; Extremely Low Frequency (ELF); Exposure Limits; Magnetic Field; High Power Lines.  ABSTRACT  Almost every member of modern societies constantly live in electromagnetic fields (EMF) which are much higher than those found in nature. Power lines, computer monitors, different electrical equipments, radio, television, mobile phones, microwave ovens can be given examples of these EMF sources. Their potential effects of health continue to be the subject of controversy. Extremely low frequency (ELF, 0-3000 Hz) region of spectrum is radiated by transformers, household equipments, high power lines, and by electrical goods is investigated in this study. Since more than 25 years research efforts to find a correlation between the electromagnetic field and their effects on health of human are going on, but without significant success. Generally, countries accept the standarts of International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), World Health Organization (WHO), and European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). Some countries apply more strict limit values than above foundations. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reviewed EMFs and cancer in June 2001, and classified magnetic fields as “possibly” carcinogenic for low frequency region. Therefore, exposure limit values of EMFs are really important. The best way is acceptance of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) principle as long as have not exact scientific results.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2131]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1282">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPLICATIONS OF NANOPARTICLES]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords: Nanoparticles, wastewater treatment, environmental clean-up technologies  ABSTRACT  Particles nano-sized have been present on earth since time immemorial. Human beings have used nanoparticles for thousands of years. Recently, the use of manufactured nanoparticles in industrial and commercial applications have became considerable widespread. Nanoparticles based immobilization technology, which purposed to enhance removal efficiencies, tends to be a novel treatment method. The most commonly used materials such as iron oxides, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, TiO2, ZnO have several special properties: high surface area, adsorption capacity, unsaturated surfaces, simple operation and simple production. In this study, the latest applications of nanoparticles in wastewater treatment were discussed and investigated in terms of environmental clean-up technology.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2169]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>