47 10 3494 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/5046b8f5906c71a3e762e094bcd645df.pdf a407a689f53fb3d3d348a8c65e891309 PDF Text Text Bir Saray Okulu: Enderun Suat ZZEYREK Ali ERKEN Giriş Osmanlı Devleti, 16. yüzyılda askeri ve siyasi olarak gücünün zirvesine çıktığı gibi topraklarını da en geniş sınırlarına ulaştırmış bulunuyordu. Doğal sınırların zorlandığı bu seviyeye güçlü idari, askeri ve eğitim kurumlarının kalitesiyle ulaşmıştı. Adalet ve güvenlik kavramları da Osmanlı toplumunun sağlam bir yapıya kavuşmasında etkili oldular. Osmanlı Devleti çok milletli ve kültürlü bir yapıda olduğu için siyasi sistem farklı uyrukları bir arada tutmaya göre düzenlenmişti. Farklı uyruklar için adalet ve güvenlik sistemi esastı. Osmanlı sistemine göre asker olmadan devlet ve hâkimiyet olamaz, askere sahip olmak için servete ihtiyaç vardır. Servet uyruklardan toplanır, uyruklar ancak adaletle refaha kavuşabilirlerdi.50 Bu sistemin kurulabilmesi için servetin genişletilmesi ve korunması şarttı. Bir devletin güçlendirilmesi ve muhafaza edilmesinde yönetici sınıfının ve ordunun niteliği oldukça önemlidir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin ilk dönemlerinde Türklerden teşkil edilmiş bulunan piyade ve süvari birlikleri fetihlerin genişlemesiyle beraber yetersiz gelmeye başladı. Yeni bir askeri teşkilata ihtiyaç duyulunca savaşlarda ele geçirilen esirlerden yararlanılmaya başlandı. Zaman içerisinde esirlerin azalmaya başlaması sisteme yeni bir kaynak arayışına neden oldu. Bu kaynak arayışında sisteme mükemmel bir askere alma yöntemi kazandırıldı. Bu yöntemin adı “devşirme” yöntemidir. Devşirme yöntemi, Hıristiyan çocukları arasından sekiz yaşından yirmi yaşına kadar uygulanan bir çocuk toplama sistemidir. Esirlere “acemi oğlanı” denildiği için devşirme yöntemiyle toplanan çocuklara da aynı isim verildi. Bu esirlerden ve toplanan çocuklardan daha iyi yararlanmak için sıkı esaslara dayanan bir Acemi Ocağı ilk olarak Gelibolu’da kuruldu. Böylece kapıkulu ocaklarının temeli atılmış oldu. İhtiyaca göre genişletilen ve mükemmel bir hale getirilen Devşirme Sistemi’nin 18. yy ortalarına (1747) kadar devam ettiği anlaşılıyor.51 Devşirme Sistemi; Ermeni, Bulgar, Arnavut ve Bosnalılara uygulanırdı. Boşnaklardan Müslüman olduktan sonra kendi arzularıyla acemi oğlanı alınmaya devam edilmiştir. En çok acemi oğlanı toplanan yerler Üsküp, Köstendil, Prizren, Görice, Taşlıca, Yanya, Pirlepe, İşkodra, Ohri, İpek, Kırçova, Foça, Manastır, Mostar, İzvornik, Böğürtlen, Hurpista ve Akçakale idi.52 Acemi oğlanlarının sayı itibarıyla fazla olduğu zamanlarda bazı acemi oğlanları Türkçeyi ve Türk İslam adetlerini öğrenmek üzere Anadolu’daki Türklerin hizmetlerine verilirdi. Sonra buralardan alınarak muhtelif hizmetlerde kullanılırlardı.53 Diğer Devşirme çocukları yani kadrosu olanlar ise ecemi oğlanları kışlası’nda terbiye ve Müslüman edildikten sonra Yeniçeri Ocağı’na katılırdı. Dışarıdan ocağa yeniçeri yazılmak imkânsızdı.54 Devşirme, her zaman genel bir şekilde yapılmaz, ihtiyaç miktarına göre bölge bölge yapılırdı. Bu iş ile ilgili bizzat Yeniçeri Ağası ile Acem Ocağı Ağası ilgilenirdi. Her türlü suiistimalleri önlemek için devşirmeye gönderilen ocak zabitinin eline bir ferman ile Yeniçeri Ağası tarafından devşirme mıntıkasındaki dadılara bir mektup gönderilirdi. Devşirme memuruna hiç kimse karışmazdı. Devşirme memuru kazalara kadar gidip çocuk devşirmeye geldiğini tellallar vasıtasıyla köylere bildirirdi. Sekiz-yirmi yaş aralığındaki Hıristiyan çocukları başta, papazları olarak ve babaları ile kaza merkezindeki toplantı mahalline gelirlerdi. Toplantı mahalli genellikle mahkemeler olurdu. Çocuklar bizzat görülür ve kanuni vasıfları tutanlar ayrılırdı. Çoğunlukla her kazada 40 haneden bir oğlan devşirilirdi. Fakat her zaman böyle yapılacağı anlamına gelmez, sayı bazen ihtiyaca göre değişirdi.55 Devşirilen çocukların sayısını hesaplayabilmek için elimizde çok az veri olsa da 16. yy.da yıllık devşirme sayısı üç bin dolaylarındadır.56 Devşirilen çocukların yetiştirilmesi ve eğitilmesiyle güçlü bir ordunun çekirdeği ile devlet yönetiminde üst kademe memurları oluşturuluyordu. Bilhassa Türk kültürü ile yetiştirilmiş olan saray devşirmeleri arasında devlet idaresini ele alan çok kıymetli vezir, beylerbeyi yetişmiş, içlerinden birçoğu da 50 Stanford Shaw, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ve Modern Türkiye, C: I, İstanbul 1982, s.166. Mehmet Zeki Pakalın, Osmanlı Tarih Deyimleri ve Terimleri Sözlüğü, C: 1, s: 448. 52 İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, “Devşirme”, İ.A, C: 3, s. 563. 53 Mehmet Zeki Pakalın, aynı eser, s. 445. 54 Mustafa Nuri Paşa, Netayic-ül Vukuat, C:1–2, (sadeleştiren Neşet Çağatay) Ankara 1987, s.153. 55 İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, aynı makale, s. 564. 56 Albert Howe Lybyer, Kanuni Devrinde Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Yönetimi, İstanbul: Süreç 1987, s. 55. 51 346 �sadrazam olmuştur. Görüldüğü gibi kökenleri ne olursa olsun bir insanın Osmanlı Devleti’nde yönetici sınıfına girebilmesi mümkündü. Bunun için de Türkçeyi bilmesi, İslam dinini benimseyip onun düşünce ve eylem sistemini kabul edip uygulaması, verilen görevleri üstlenmesi ve hakkıyla yerine getirmesi gerekirdi. Eğer yönetici sınıftakiler ya da çocukları niteliklerini koruyamazlarsa reaya sınıfına düşerlerdi.57 Yönetici sınıfın yeni üye yetiştirmek için kurduğu çeşitli okullarda uzun bir öğrenim dönemi ve hükümet dairelerinde çıraklık dönemi geçirmek gerekiyordu. İstek, yetenek ve şans Osmanlı düzeninde yükselenleri belirleyen etkenlerdi. Osmanlılarda ırk ve din ne olursa olsun, yetenekli insanlara daha çok değer verip onlardan yararlanmışlardır. Yönetimde kişisel yetenek ve başarı ile dürüst ve topluma yararlı davranışlarla yükselmeye dayanan bir terfi ve ödüllendirme sistemi vardı.58 Nitekim Busbecq, “Türkler kendi soydaşlarını bile kişisel yetenek ve liyakattan başka ölçüyle değerlendirmezler. Bu konuda tek ayrıcalık padişaha aittir’’59 diyecektir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin askeri, siyasi ve idari yönetimi doğrudan doğruya Saray’ın elinde bulunuyordu. O yüzden hükümdar, devlet adamlarının ekserisini tecrübeden geçirmek zorundaydı. Bu eğitim ve tecrübe yeri Enderun Okulu idi. Enderun Okulu, kurulduğu yıllardan itibaren büyük bir gelişme gösterecek, Tanzimat Dönemi’ne kadar gelmiştir. Enderun Okulu’na; Galata Sarayı, Eski Saray ve Edirne Sarayı gibi sarayların orta dereceli saray okullarını bitirenler kabul edilmekteydi.60 Enderun Okulu’na alınan çocuklara “iç oğlanları” denilirdi. Bunlar, üç biçimde yetiştirilirlerdi. Enderun eğitimi, günümüzün eğitim sistemine benzemezdi. Belli bir süresi ve programı yoktu. Her iç oğlanı, hem hevesine göre yöneliyor hem de öğrenebildiği kadar öğreniyordu.61 İç içe girmiş durumda olan bu üç tür eğitimi şu şekilde özetleyebiliriz: Hizmet Yoluyla Öğrenme: Enderun Okulu’nda hizmet yoluyla yetişme yedi oda içinde verilirdi. İlk iki oda Küçük ve Büyük odalar, okulların hazırlık sınıfına benzerler, liyakati olan çocuklar birinden diğerine geçerlerdi. Üçüncü, dördüncü, beşinci ve altıncı odalar; saray hizmetlerini tanırlar ve yaparlardı. Yedinci oda ise Has Oda idi. Has Oda, ihtisas bölümü mahiyetinde olup, padişahla daha yakından temas imkânı bululardı. Her odanın kendine mahsus dereceleri vardı. Bir odadan diğer odaya geçmek için kıdemli, yani eskimiş olmak şarttı. En son sınıf demek olan Has Oda’ya kadar gelenler “çıkma” tabiriyle çıkarılırlar, çırak edilirler ve her türlü hükümet ve ordu işlerinde kullanılırlardı. Çıkma müddeti sekiz sene idi. Çıkmaların yerine Acemi Oğlanlar Ocağı’ndan yenileri alınırdı.62 Enderun Okulu’nda, Has Oda’yı bitirenlerin güvenilir, sadık ve yetenekli bir insan olup olmadığının anlaşılabilmesi için çeşitli görevler verilerek denenmesi gerekliydi.63 Has Oda, Enderun Okulu’nun en önemli sınıfıydı. Fatih’in ünlü kanunnamesinde buna yer vermesi, verilen değerin bir ifadesidir. Padişahın en yakın hizmetlerini gören bu odanın mevcudu kırk kişiydi.64 Teorik Eğitim Enderun Okulu’nda bütün odalardaki çocuklar, kendi odalarına düşen görevleri yaptıktan sonra kalan boş vakitlerinde yazı öğrenirler, Kur’an okurlar ve onu ezberlemeye çalışırlardı. Enderun’da eğitim ve öğretim sadece Büyük ve Küçük odalara (Birinci ve İkinci Odalar) has değildi. Enderun Okulu öğrencilerinin bir gününü şöyle özetleyebiliriz. Sabahları güneş doğmadan önce kalkarlar, sabah namazına kadar Kur’an okurlar, namazı kıldıktan sonra Kur’andan okuyacakları yeni dersleri alırlardı. Enderun öğrencileri bu dersleri de saraya gelen hocalardan alırlardı.65 Öğrenciler, günlük çalışma programları bittikten sonra Hükümdar’a ait ne gibi görevleri varsa onu yaparlar sonra da derse başlarlardı. Burada medreseler düzeyinde kitabî bir eğitim-öğretim yapılırdı. Türk ve İslam kültürü ile ilgili derslerin birinci derecede olduğu görülürdü.66 Okutulan dersler; Türkçe, Arapça, Farsça, Edebiyat, Tarih, İslami Bilimler (Tefsir, 57 Stanford Shaw, aynı eser, s. 167. Yahya Akyüz, Türk Eğitim Tarihi, s. 101. 59 Albert Howe Lybyer, aynı eser, s. 85–86. 60 Sina Akşin (Yay. Yön.), Türkiye Tarihi, C: 2, İstanbul: Cem 1997, s. 244. 61 Sina Akşin (Yay. Yön.), aynı eser, s. 84–85. 62 Osman Ergin, Türk Maarif Tarihi, İstanbul 1977, s. 17. 63 Yahya Akyüz, aynı eser, s. 104. 64 Mehmet İpşirli, “Enderun”, DİA, C: 11, İstanbul 1995, s. 186. 65 Osman Ergin, Türk Maarif Tarihi, s. 14. 66 Osman Ergin, aynı eser, s. 14. 58 347 �Hadis, Fıkıh, Kelam, gibi) ve Matematik. Bu dersler arasında Türkçe, Edebiyat, Tarih ve Matematik dikkat çekiyor. Şu halde Enderun Okulu’nun programı medreselerden daha iyi düzenlenmişti.67 Enderun eğitiminde, başından sonuna kadar titizlikle riayet edilen ilkelerden biri “çıkma” idi. Hazırlık sınıfından Enderun eğitiminin sonuna kadar geçen süre içinde başarı ve ilerleme gösteremeyenler, buradan alınıp ordunun çeşitli kademelerine verilirdi. Görüldüğü gibi üstün başarı gösterenler, eğitim süresini tamamlayabilirdi. Enderun’da disiplinden hiç taviz verilmezdi. Çünkü çok değişik ırk ırk ve dini kökenlerden gelen gençler, İslam-Türk kültürü içerisinde yetiştiriliyordu.68 Burada Enderun’un amacı da ortaya çıkıyor. Kendilerinden çok şey beklenen ve daha sonra büyük görevler yüklenerek bu farklı yapıdaki çocukların kültürlerini artırma, disiplin altına alma ve kabiliyetlerini yöneltmedir. Enderun’da kabiliyetli yeni adaylara devamlı bir kontenjan bulunurdu. 1550’li yıllarda İstanbul’da Habsburg elçisi olarak görev yapan Busbecq, Batılıların iyi yetiştirilmiş attan ve köpekten zevk aldığını, Türklerin ise iyi yetiştirilmiş insanlardan büyük zevk aldıklarını anlatmaktadır. Türkler, olağanüstü bir insan bulduklarında, değerli bir nesne edinmişçesine coşku duyarlar, onu yetiştirmek için hiçbir emek ve çabadan kaçınmazlar. Biz ise onu eğitmek için kendimizi zahmete sokmaz, onu eğitmenin bize düşen bir iş olduğunu düşünmeyiz.69 16. yy. da İstanbul’daki hayatı yakından gören Busbecq, insan yetiştirmenin Osmanlıda bir hedef olduğunu gördüğü halde, 20. yy. başlarında A.H. Lybyer, “İnsan sevgisini ve ana babanın çocuklarını kendi hayat ve dinlerine göre yetiştirme hakkını hiçe sayıyordu.70” diyerek tenkit etmektedir. Hâlbuki aynı zamanlarda Avrupa’da toprağa bağlı soy asaleti denilen senyörlük sistemi vardı. Sistemin en üstünde kral, tebaası sayılan köylü de tabanda, en alt kısımda yer alırdı. Kral’la tebaası olan köylülerle doğrudan bir ilişki yoktu. Kralla köylü arasında senyör grubu yer alırdı. Osmanlı Devleti’nde ise tebaa ile merkezi otorite arasında aracı gruplar yer almazdı. Devlet hiçbir zaman bu tip araçların ortaya çıkmasına izin vermezdi. Osmanlı Sipahisi ile padişahın ilişkisi tek yönlüdür. Merkez her şeye hâkimdir. Sözleşme değil, merkezin emri ve kanunlar söz konusudur. Feodal senyörlerin, kralları ile ilişkileri ise iki yönlüdür. Senyörlerin hak ve yetkileri ile kralın hak ve yetki alanları “şart” denilen sözleşmelerle tayin ve tespit edilmektedir.71 Avrupa’daki manasıyla Türklerde feodal kurumların hiçbir izi yoktur. Soy teşkilatı ve asalete dayalı bir sistemde oluşmamıştır. “Bey” kelimesi doğuda bir nezaket unvanıdır.72 Bir insanı ailesinden, yuvasından hayat şartlarından ve dininden ayıran bir düzeni kötülemek kolaysa da bu uygulamayı 16. yy. şartları ve değerleri ve Avrupa’nın o dönemde içinde bulunduğu eğitim anlayışı ile değerlendirmek gerektiği unutulmamalıdır.73 Beden ve Sanat Eğitimi: Enderun’da çocukların yeteneklerine göre de bir eğitim vardı. Dersler dışında ata binmek, iyi silah kullanmak isteyenler iyi bir silahşor olarak yetişirlerdi. Savaş sanatı öğretilirdi. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın binicilikle ilgili özel bir ilgisi vardı. Bu sporu yapan ve öğrenenlerle yakından ilgilenir onlarla konuşur ve hediyeler verirdi.74 Güzel yazı, cilt sanatı, tezhip tasvir ve mimari gibi sanata merak edenler, musiki, şiir, edebiyat ve tıp, matematik, mühendislik gibi bilimlere ilgi duyanlar da ilgilendikleri alanlarda sarayda görevli bilginlere ya da ilgili sanatın ustalarına devam ederlerdi.75 Bu eğitimlerin önemli bir amacı da gerektiği zaman bu yoldan geçimini sağlayacak bir mesleği kazandırmaktı. Enderun Okulu, ordunun ihtiyacı olan nitelikli askerleri yetiştirdiği, merkezde ve eyaletlerde çeşitli seviyelerde hizmet eden kişiler hazırladığı gibi sarayın mimarını, nakkaşını, ressamını, kâtibini, müneccimini, şairini, tarihçisini, bilginini, silahşorunu ve müzisyenini de yetiştirmiştir. Enderun, çalışma biçimi, programı ve işleyişi bakımından bir okuldan ziyade çeşitli hünerlerin, sanatların, idari ve siyasi bilgilerin uygulamalı olarak öğretildiği, kabiliyetlerin tespit edildiği bir kurs ve staj yeri gibi olduğu söylenebilir.76 Osmanlı Devleti’nde şüphesiz Enderun Okulu’ndan başka da eğitim kurumları vardı. Tamamen farklı metotları olan medreseler vardı. Medreseler ülke çapında yaygın kurumlardı. Ülkenin üst düzey görevlilerinin çoğunluğu medrese kökenliydi. Medreseler geleneksel eğitimlerinin yanı sıra tabii bilimler eğitimini de yapıyorlardı. En yüksek düzeyde olan sekiz fakülteli (sahn-ı seman) Süleymaniye Medresesi idi. Buna rağmen daha çok Enderun Okulu ön plana çıkıyordu. Aynı durum ülkede büyük Tımar ordusu (mevcudu 200.000 kişi) 67 Yahya Akyüz, aynı eser, s. 105. Mehmet İpşirli, aynı makale, s. 186. 69 Albert Howe Lybyer, aynı eser, s. 76–77. 70 Albert Howe Lybyer, aynı eser, s. 56. 71 Mehmet Doğan, Tarih ve Toplum, İstanbul 1977, s. 125–126. 72 Ciro Truhelka, “Bosna’da Arazi Meselesinin Tarihi Esasları”, THİTM, C: I, İstanbul 1931, s. 59–60. 73 Stanford Shaw, aynı eser, s. 169. 74 Albert Howe Lybyer, aynı eser, s. 78. 75 İsmet Parmaksızoğlu, “Enderun Mektebi”, Türk Ansiklopedisi, C: 15, Ankara 1968. 76 Mehmet İpşirli, aynı makale, s. 186. 68 348 �olduğu halde sayıları 12–14 bin kişi olan Yeniçeri Ordusu için de geçerlidir. Devletin temel ordusu Anadolu’da örgütlenen toprağa bağlı Tımar Ordusuydu. Fakat daha çok nazara verilen ordu ise Yeniçeri Ordusu idi. Bunun sebebi İstanbul’a gelen yabancı elçilerin okul olarak Enderun’u, ordu olarak da Yeniçeri Ocağı’nı görüp, onların üzerinden değerlendirmelerde, araştırmalarda bulunarak dış dünyaya tanıtmış olmalarıdır. Bununla birlikte Enderun Okulu’nun ve Yeniçeri Ordusunun insan kaynağının sağlanma biçiminin dikkat çekici olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Enderun Okulu, bir seçkinler eğitimi veriyordu. Aşırı bir disiplin uygulanan okulda kurallara uyma konusunda son derece sert davranılıyordu. En küçük kusurlar bile cezalandırılıyordu. Bu disiplin; sabretmeyi, zorluklara karşı dayanmayı, alçak gönüllü olmayı bir yaşam biçimine dönüştürüyordu. Enderun’daki çocuklar biliyorlardı ki gelecekte sahip olacakları imkânlar bugün yaşadıkları sıkıntıların sonucuna bağlıdır. Enderun, dönemin şartlarından doğmuş çok önemli bir okuldur. Osmanlı Devleti’nin sosyal yapısı çok kültürlülük esasına dayandığı için ırk ve kan bağının yerine kültür bağı ve birlikte yaşama sanatının geliştirilmesi gerekiyordu. Bu dönüşümü ancak bir okul yapabilirdi. Ortak bir kültür, ortak bir vatandaşlık sorumluluğu bir vatan kavramı etrafında oluşturulmuştu. Bir sistem, şirket ve devlet ne kadar sağlam esaslara dayalı olarak kurulursa kurulsun zaman içerisinde zafiyete uğraması ihtimalden uzak bir durum değildir. Ezeli bir tecrübedir ki tarih bu gibi örneklerle doludur. Hedef ve mahiyet itibariyle zirvenin zorlandığı zamanlar aynı zamanda zafiyetin de başlangıç zamanlarıdır. Devşirme sisteminin ve buna bağlı Enderun Okulu’nun Türk dışı unsurlardan oluşması nedeniyle bozulduğu tezinin gerçeği çok yansıttığı söylenemez. Bu konuyla ilgilenen birçok düşünürümüz birbirleriyle tezat halinde olmuşlardır. Osmanlı medeniyetinin dar anlamda da kurumların duraklamasına Osmanlı yöneticilerinin kültürüyle Türk halk kültürünün arasında derin bir uçurumun oluşmasına neden olacak gösterilmektedir.77 Buna karşılık Yeniçeri Ocağı’na Türk dışı unsurların girmesinin bu ocağı bozduğu tezini gözü kapalı savunmaları, ne kadar korkunç bir bilgisizlik içinde debeleştiklerini gösterir, diyenler de olmuştur.78 Osmanlı Devleti, çok kültürlü bir toplum olmanın dezavantajını, milliliği ikinci plana atarak avantaja çevirmiş, dolayısıyla farklı din ve kültüre mensup milletlerden endişe duymamıştır. Osmanlı coğrafyasında ana kimlik dinden çıktığı için ihtida ettirmek sistemin temel amacı olmalıydı. Bu hareket zorlamayla yapılmayacak, İslamiyet’i kabul edenler terfi ettirilip desteklenecekti. Yönetici grubun çoğunlukla her üyesinin Hıristiyan kökenli olmasına karşılık, yükselebilmesi için Müslüman olması şarttı. Enderun Okulu’ndan en dindar Müslümanlar çıktığı halde din değiştirmeden eğitimini tamamlayanlar da oluyordu. Enderun’da kimse Müslüman olmaya zorlanmıyordu. Etnik ve dini unsurlara azami hoşgörü uygulanıyordu. Enderun’da çok ünlü tarihçiler, sanatçılar ve bilginler yetişiyordu. Ünlü Osmanlı tarihçilerinden Fındıklılı Mehmet Ağa, Kazasker Mustafa İzzet Efendi, Evliya Çelebi, Kâtip Çelebi ve Koçi Bey bunlar arasında sayılabilir.79 Enderun’da Müslüman olmadığı halde Türk kültürüne ve devletine büyük hizmetler yapan kişiler de yetişmiştir. Bunların başında Dimitriyus Kantemir (1673–1723) gelmektedir. Enderun’da rehine olarak İstanbul’a getirilen kral çocukları da tahsil ve terbiye görürlerdi. Dimitri Kantemir de Boğdan Prensliğine tayin edilen (1684) babası Kostantin’in devlete sadakatinin bir göstergesi olarak İstanbul’a getirilmediği için durumu diğerlerinden biraz farklı olmakla beraber Enderun’un himayesine verilmişti. Dimitri, kendi dinini muhafaza etmekle beraber Enderun’da okutulan dersleri, sanatları, Türk ve İslam kültürünü öğrenmiştir. 1687 yılında Enderun’a giren Dimitri, Türkçeyi, Arapçayı ve Farsçayı öğrenmişti. Zaten Enderun’a girdiğinde Rumca, Latince, Rusça, eski Yunan ve Fransız dillerini biliyordu.80 Türkiye’de aralıklarla 22 yıl kaldı. Geniş bir dil bilgisinin de etkisiyle doğu-batı kültür değerlerinin güçlü ve anlamlı bir sentezini yaparak Osmanlı Tarihi hakkında iki ciltlik Latince bir eser meydana getirdi. Dimitri Kantemir, bu eserini yazarken Hoca Saadettin Efendi’nin Tacüt-tevarih’i olmak üzere Selaniki, Peçevi, Karaçelebizade, Naima ile dillerini iyi bildiği Batılı tarihçilerden de yararlanmıştı.81 Çok genç bir yaşta İstanbul’a gelen Dimitri Kantemir Doğu ve Batının fikir harmanında kendini bulmuştu. Halil İnalcık’ın deyimiyle Dimitri Kandemir, Osmanlı başkentinde yeni kültürel yönelişe istikamet verenlerden biridir ama aynı zamanda İstanbul’un kültür ve fikir hayatının da bir ürünüdür. Dimitri Kantemir’in Türk kültürüne yaptığı en önemli hizmeti yazdığı Osmanlı tarihi ile oldu. J. Von Hammer’in 1827–1835 yıllarında yazdığı Osmanlı Tarihine kadar Avrupa’da yüzyıl boyunca tek eser olarak kabul edildi. Bütün bir Avrupa neredeyse Osmanlı tarih ve kültürünü Dimitri Kantemir vasıtasıyla öğrendi. Osmanlı Devleti’nin yükseliş nedenlerini objektif bir dille ortaya koydu. Türk adalet, hoşgörü ve iyiliksever özelliklerinin bütün uyrukları kucakladığını bunun da devleti güçlendirdiğini örneklerle ortaya koydu. Osman Gazi’nin oğlu Orhan bey’e vasiyetinin devletin temelinin sağlam olmasıyla yakından ilgisini kurarak halka ve hakka hizmetin esas alındığını hükümdarda acıma ve iyilik duygularının kaybolmamasını ancak böylelikle 77 Mümtaz Turhan, Garplılaşmanın Neresindeyiz, İstanbul 1980, s. 41. Kemal Tahir, Notlar/Kitap Notları, İstanbul 1993, s. 33. 79 İsmail Baykal, Enderun Mektebi Tarihi, İstanbul 1953, s. 98–111. 80 Osman Ergin, aynı eser, s. 11. 81 Dimitri Kantemir, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Yükseliş ve Çöküş Tarihi, c:I, İstanbul 1998. s.24. 78 349 �Tanrının himayesine kavuşulacağını belirtir.82 Osmanlılarda yasa ve törelerin egemen olması merhametli hükümdarların göreve gelmeleri, Osmanlı hâkimiyetinin Balkanlarda yayılmasını kolaylaştırmış, Hıristiyan çocuklarının devşirilmelerini kolaylaştırmıştı. Dimitri Kantemir, Hıristiyan çocuklarına İslam eğitimi verildikten sonra asıl orduya katılmalarını da yadırgamamıştır. Orhan Bey’in merhametli davranması karşısında duygulanan İznik halkının gönüllü olarak Osmanlı Devleti’ne vergi vermeyi kabul ettiğini, böylece İznik’te Osmanlı hâkimiyetinin başladığını söyler. Türk hoşgörüsünün kısa zamanda İznik’in nüfusunu, İstanbul’la yarışacak seviyeye getirdiğini ifade eder.83 Dimitri Kantemir’in Osmanlı tarihine dair yazdığı eser, Avrupa’da heyecan uyandırmış kısa süre içinde Avrupa’nın ünlü saraylarında tercüme edilmeye başlamıştır. Bu vesile ile Türk kültürü Avrupa’da sağlam bir kaynaktan yayılma imkanı bulurken, Osmanlılar arasında da Batı’nın 17. yy. sonlarından itibaren başarısının sırrını anlamak yolunda bir keşif başlattığı söylenebilir. 82 83 Dimitri Kantemir, aynı eser, s. 74-75. Dimitri Kantemir, aynı eser, s. 79. 350 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 396 Title A name given to the resource Bir Saray Okulu: Enderun Author Author ZZEYREK, Suat ERKEN, Ali Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009-06 Keywords Keywords. Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed L Education (General) https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/799ae962051bd83e46f971e172db5839.docx 46e0f8e669d3e451427f83578547af24 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/14dc6d01ce80910bf16d693752369d01.pdf 591e17696b58cd8c112379639052351b PDF Text Text BİR SÖYLEM OLARAK YUNUS EMRE DİVANI Muhsine BÖREKÇİ - Nesrin FEYZİOĞLU Atatürk Üniversitesi, Kâzim Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi, Türkçe Eğitimi Bölümü, Erzurum / Türkiye Anahtar Kelimeler: Yunus Emre Divanı, Söylem, Söylem çözümlemesi, Şiirsel söylem. ÖZET Türk Dilinin anıt eserlerinden biri olan Yunus Emre Divanı, Türk edebiyatının da doruk noktalarından birini oluşturur. Bu özellikleri ile hem Türk Dili hem de Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi açısından değerlendirilmiş ve çeşitli açılardan incelenmiştir. Yunus Emre ile ilgili araştırmalar, Türklük bilimi (Türkoloji) alanında önemli bir yer tutmuştur. Divan’da yer alan evrensel değerler, Yunus Emre’nin “hümanist şair” olarak değerlendirilmesine yol açmış ve UNESCO 1972 yılını Yunus Emre yılı ilân etmiştir. 2007’de çıkarılan “Yunus Emre Vakfı Kanunu” onun Türkçenin ve Türk kültürünün temsilcisi olarak değerlendirildiğinin bir göstergesidir. Bütün bu değerlendirmelere rağmen Yunus Emre Divanının söylem nitelikleri açısından incelendiği, söylenemez. Bu güne kadar Türk dili ve Türk edebiyatı araştırmaları bağlamında pek çok değerli bilimsel çalışma yapılmış ancak Yunus Emre Divanı’nı Türk dili, Türk edebiyatı, Türk kültürü ve evrensel değerler açısından farklı kılan özellikler dilbilimsel yöntemlerle ortaya konmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Yunus Emre Divanı, bir yazınsal söylem olarak değerlendirilmeye; bir sözceleme öznesi olarak Yunus Emre’nin özgünlüğünü oluşturan nitelikler dilbilimsel ölçütlerle tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun için söylem çözümleme yöntemi kullanılmış; Divan’dan seçilen örneklem üzerinde yazınsal/eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi uygulanmıştır. Bu süreçte Divan, pek çok alt söylemden oluşmuş bir üst söylem olarak içinde yer aldığı gelenek ve üretildiği dönemin tarihî, sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik vb. koşulların belirlediği bağlam içinde değerlendirilmiştir. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2121 Title A name given to the resource BİR SÖYLEM OLARAK YUNUS EMRE DİVANI Author Author BÖREKÇİ, Muhsine FEYZİOĞLU, Nesrin Abstract A summary of the resource. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yunus Emre Divanı, Söylem, Söylem çözümlemesi, Şiirsel söylem. ÖZET Türk Dilinin anıt eserlerinden biri olan Yunus Emre Divanı, Türk edebiyatının da doruk noktalarından birini oluşturur. Bu özellikleri ile hem Türk Dili hem de Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi açısından değerlendirilmiş ve çeşitli açılardan incelenmiştir. Yunus Emre ile ilgili araştırmalar, Türklük bilimi (Türkoloji) alanında önemli bir yer tutmuştur. Divan’da yer alan evrensel değerler, Yunus Emre’nin “hümanist şair” olarak değerlendirilmesine yol açmış ve UNESCO 1972 yılını Yunus Emre yılı ilân etmiştir. 2007’de çıkarılan “Yunus Emre Vakfı Kanunu” onun Türkçenin ve Türk kültürünün temsilcisi olarak değerlendirildiğinin bir göstergesidir. Bütün bu değerlendirmelere rağmen Yunus Emre Divanının söylem nitelikleri açısından incelendiği, söylenemez. Bu güne kadar Türk dili ve Türk edebiyatı araştırmaları bağlamında pek çok değerli bilimsel çalışma yapılmış ancak Yunus Emre Divanı’nı Türk dili, Türk edebiyatı, Türk kültürü ve evrensel değerler açısından farklı kılan özellikler dilbilimsel yöntemlerle ortaya konmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Yunus Emre Divanı, bir yazınsal söylem olarak değerlendirilmeye; bir sözceleme öznesi olarak Yunus Emre’nin özgünlüğünü oluşturan nitelikler dilbilimsel ölçütlerle tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun için söylem çözümleme yöntemi kullanılmış; Divan’dan seçilen örneklem üzerinde yazınsal/eleştirel söylem çözümlemesi uygulanmıştır. Bu süreçte Divan, pek çok alt söylemden oluşmuş bir üst söylem olarak içinde yer aldığı gelenek ve üretildiği dönemin tarihî, sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik vb. koşulların belirlediği bağlam içinde değerlendirilmiştir. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-17 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2203-4548 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/aec325685ef57ecdfea0d782ff2b3521.docx 85d77fa2ee833be947eddd47dfb3eb86 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/104f24779e9439ce54b3ae3ce50f6a6e.pdf 62ca49b951ec910fd6ba6e4f0e8dae18 PDF Text Text BİR YOLCUNUN HİKÂYESİ: YOLCU NEREYE GİDİYORSUN Hüseyin YAŞAR Siirt Üniversitesi, Fen edebiyat Fakültesi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, Siirt / Türkiye Anahtar Kelimeler: Samiha Ayverdi, Yolcu, ideal karakter. ÖZET Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun Samiha Ayverdi’nin tezli romanıdır. Ayverdi, eserde insanın hayatını bir yolculuğa benzetir. Buna göre her insanın ölümü ve yeni doğanlar yolda gelip giden kafileler gibidir. Eserin temel düşüncesi başkahraman söylediği “Kendimi bildim bileli seferde olan bir yolcuyum” sözünde özetlenir. İnsanların hem mekânsal hem de ruhsal dünyada yaşadığı değişikler dolayısıyla her insan bir yolcudur. Yazar, bu eserde, ilk romanlarına göre biraz daha memleket meselelerine toplumsal sorunlara değinir. Batılı yaşam tarzının kadınlarda ve gençlerde oluşturduğu olumlu ve menfi etkiler, İkinci Abdülhamit döneminin sıkıntılı yılları işlenen başlıca iki konudur. Bu çalışma, Adli’nin kişiliğinden yola çıkarak Samiha Ayverdi’nin düşünce dünyasını, problemlere bakışını ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayverdi, problemli bir gençliğin karşısına Adli’nin olumlu dünyasını çıkarır. Adli’yi idealize ederek kanayan yaraya neşter vurur. Roman, güncel gençliğin sorunlarına da ayrı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. � https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/af7cf8fd358005c7427bca1c98cc476f.docx ba5e081d929eab93299bc09d605644e9 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/1d56e3647e00c9c959abfe5b668247fb.pdf e1f706eb388146b9df103c7ccbce8c60 PDF Text Text BİR YOLCUNUN HİKÂYESİ: YOLCU NEREYE GİDİYORSUN Hüseyin YAŞAR1 Özet Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun Samiha Ayverdi‟nin tezli romanıdır. Ayverdi, eserde insanın hayatını bir yolculuğa benzetir. Buna göre her insanın ölümü ve yeni doğanlar yolda gelip giden kafileler gibidir. Eserin temel düşüncesi, herkesin yaşamda bir yolcu olduğu mutlak gerçeğinde özetlenir. İnsanların hem mekânsal hem de ruhsal dünyada yaşadığı değişikler dolayısıyla her insan bir yolcudur. Yazar, bu eserde, ilk romanlarına göre biraz daha memleket meselelerine toplumsal sorunlara değinir. Batılı yaşam tarzının kadınlarda ve gençlerde oluşturduğu olumlu ve menfi etkiler, İkinci Abdülhamit döneminin sıkıntılı yılları işlenen başlıca iki konudur. Bu çalışma, Adli‟nin kişiliğinden yola çıkarak Samiha Ayverdi‟nin düşünce dünyasını, problemlere bakışını ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayverdi, problemli bir gençliğin karşısına Adli‟nin olumlu dünyasını çıkarır. Adli‟yi idealize ederek kanayan yaraya neşter vurur. Roman, güncel gençliğin sorunlarına da ayrı bir bakış açısı sunacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Samiha Ayverdi, Yolcu, ideal karakter. A STORY OF A TRAVELER: "TRAVELER, WHERE ARE YOU HEADING?" Abstract A story of a traveler: "Traveler, where are you heading?" Traveler, Where Are You Heading is a novel with thesis by Samiha Ayverdi. Ayverdi, compares life to a journey. According to that, death of every person and newborns are like convoys, coming and going back on a road. The base thought of the book is summarized in the words of the hero of the book "I am a traveler as I can remember". Because of the changes of people both spatially and spiritually, every human being is a traveler. In this book, the writer mentions homeland issues, social problems, a little bit more than she did in her first novels. The positive and negative effects of Western lifestyle on women and young people, troubled years of Abdul Hamid II are two main topics of the novel. This work aims to reveal Samiha Ayverdi's ideas, the way she looks at the problems, by starting from Adli's character. Ayverdi confronts Adli's positive world with a troubled youth. By idealizing Adli, she stabs the bleeding wound. The novel will also offer a new point of view to current youth problems. Key Words:Samiha Ayverdi, traveler, ideal character. Giriş Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun romanı Samiha Ayverdi‟nin kapsamlı ve çok cepheli romanıdır. Tasavvuf ağırlıklı Aşk Budur (1938), ve Batmayan Gün (1939) romanlarından 1 Yrd.Doç.Dr., Siirt Üniversitesi, yeniedebiyatcimiz34@gmail.com Fen edebiyat 1 Fakültesi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, �sonraki yapıtlarında Ayverdi, memleket meseleleri ve toplumsal zaaflara dikkat çeker. İşte 1944 yılında kaleme aldığı Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun romanı bu değişimin ürünüdür. Bu bağlamda yanlış Batılılaşmayı ve bunun sonucunda gelen toplumsal kutuplaşmayı eserin eksenine yerleştirir. Romana ideallerini, fikir hamurunu, dünya görüşünü katar. Bu fikir hamuru ve dünya görüşü ise İslâm tasavvufudur. Olay örgüsü, başkahraman Adli‟nin yolculuğu üzerine kurgulanır. Roman, ortalara doğru Adli‟nin söylediği “Kendimi bildim bileli seferde olan bir yolcuyum” (YNG: 179) sözünde özetlenir. İnsanların hem mekânsal hem de ruhsal dünyada yaşadığı değişikler dolayısıyla her insan bir yolcudur. Başkahramanın yolculuğu boyunca yaşadığı olaylar ve karşılaştığı kişiler bir bir aktarılır. Romanın olay örgüsü ikinci Abdülhamit‟in iktidarda olduğu ve sona erdiği yıllara rastlar. Söz konusu yılların yarattığı acımasız hafiye karakteri amcası Ziver Paşa, kambiyocu Asım Bey, softa din adamları, yozlaşmış gençler ve münevver tipler bunlardan bir kaçıdır. Bütün bunları ve çevresini kahraman anlatıcı olan Adli‟nin gözlem ve değerlendirmeleriyle tanırız. Adli‟nin yolculuğu, İstibdat döneminden başlar. İkinci Meşrutiyet‟in ilanından sonraki yıllara kadar devam eder. Olay zamanının İkinci Meşrutiyet‟in öncesi ve sonrasına rastlaması, Osmanlı toplumunun bütünüyle yeni bir yapılanma ve değişimin içinde olduğunu gösterir. Merkez kahraman Adli‟nin yolcu nereye gidiyorsun? şeklindeki sorularına tasavvufun sesi ile verilen yanıtların yer aldığı romanda Adli‟nin yolculuğu boyunca ikinci Abdülhamit döneminin yarattığı sıkıntılar ve bu döneme son veren İkinci Meşrutiyet‟in insanı kişiliksizleştiren ve yozlaştırıcı sürecine tanıklık ederiz. 1. Adli’nin Yolculuğunda Karşılaştığı Engeller 1.1. Kaotik Bir Aile Ortamı Adli, zor ve meşakkatli bir yolculuğa çıkar. Yolculuğunu zorlaştıran da en yakın çevresi ile farklı kutupların insanı olmalarıdır. Ailesi, yani babası, annesi ve ikiz kardeşleri, Tanzimat devriminin getirdiği Avrupalı yaşam tarzının etkisinde kalmışlardır. Batı, onların nirengi noktasıdır. Annesi başta olmak üzere ailesinin alafranga unsurlara, mürebbiyeye ve Ermeni işleme ustasına verdikleri değer onları öz değerlerinden uzaklaştıracak derecededir. Söz konusu durum küçük Adli‟nin gözünden kaçmaz: “…Mürebbiye…Türkçe bilmiyor ve bilmek için de gayret sarfetmiyor, daha doğrusu tenezzül etmiyordu. Fakat bu hususta da kabahatli olan bizdik. Evet sade biz. Kendimizi saymadığımız için onlar da bizi mühimsemiyor ve kendimizin dışında olanlara verdiğimiz aşırı kıymetin yanında bir toz zerresi kadar küçük kalıyorduk” (YNG: 63). Adli, evde sadece mürebbiyenin değil işleme ustası Siranuş Dudu‟nun ve annesinin Fransızca bayan hocasının da benzer aşırı ilgiyi gördüklerinden yakınır. Annesinin hocasının yanlış davranışlarını da “saygı gösterilmek icap eden bir his olarak kabul etmekte” direndiğini belirterek gözü kapalı her şeyi kabul edişini genelleştirerek eleştirir. Bu bağlamda “kendimizden uzak” ve “haçlı dünyadan” diye tanımladığı bu unsurlara düşkünlüğümüzü, aşırı saygıyı toplumsal ve kültürel gelecek için tehlikeli sayar. Babası Asaf Bey, Fransızlara ait bir demiryolu şirketinde çalışır. Uzun süren memuriyet yıllarını “şark şimendiferinin muamelat şefi” olarak geçirdiğinden Avrupalıların 2 �bulunduğu atmosferleri teneffüs emiştir. Bu ortamlarda aldığı her nefes onun tarihten gelen “necip soylu hislerini” zayıflamıştır. Adli‟nin annesi Nemide Hanım da Tanzimat‟ın getirdiği batı rüzgârının etkisiyle alafranga düşünceleri yüksek, yaşamda tek isteği piyano çalmak olan bir kadındır. Anne romanda babası gibi Tanzimat medeniyetinin bir kurbanı gibi yansıtılır. O da Batılı olmanın gerçek manasını anlamadan alafrangalaşarak toplumda saf dışı kalır. “İkiz çocuklarını sever, fakat onları yetiştirmesini bilmezdi. Evini sever fakat ev işlerinden anlamazdı” (YNG: 18). Anne, kendisini tamamen bir Fransız hocanın kültür terbiyesine terk ettiği gibi çocuklarını da Batı‟nın temsilcisi mürebbiyeye bırakmıştır: “ …. Çocuklarını da, aynı rüzgâr istediği tarafa sürüp götürüyordu. Bilmem, daha ne zamana kadar bu çocukların disiplinsiz, paradokslu zekâları çorak ve dikenli boşluklara, korkunç uçurumların tehlikesine doğru alabildiğine gidecekti?” (YNG: 65). Çocuklarını eğitmek sahasından çekilen bu anne, sahayı yabancı terbiyecilere vermeye razı olmuştur. Aldığı yabancı terbiye sonucu anne, milli heyecanlar karşısında onur zedeleyici laubalilikler sergilemektedir. Türk ve İslam kültüründen uzaklaşan annenin en büyük mahareti çocuklarını ilgi göstermek, ev işlerinde becerikli olmak değildir. Ortalama bir İstanbul kadınının çizgisinden uzaklaşmıştır. Anne, Nemide Hanım, tradisyonalist bir yapılanma yerine tamamen occidentalist bir kültürel yapılanma içerisindedir. Bu bağlamda en büyük mahareti batısal kültürün simgesi olan piyanosuna gün boyunca kapanıp güzel bir şekilde çalmasıdır. Piyano onun için bir tutku halini almıştır. Bu konudaki ünü, Avrupalı dostlarını da şaşırtmaktadır. Bu nedenle, Fransız sefarethanesi Başkâtibi ve kocasının müdürü, parmakların dehasını dinlemek için sürekli bu eve gelirler. Evin harem bölümüne alınan bu kişiler nedeniyle, haremin mahremi kalmamıştır. Adli‟nin kardeşleri Jale ve Rıdvan da aldıkları kültür ve terbiye itibariyle Adli‟nin yolculuğunda büyük sorun olarak yansıtılır. Çocukların yaşları büyüdükçe küçük sorunları sorunsala dönüşür. Her ikisi de ebeveynlerinin ilgisizlikleri sonucu terbiye adına nasiplerini alamayan şımarık iki çocukturlar. Kardeşleri anne ve babalarının görüşleri doğrultusunda alafranga yaşam tarzına uygun olarak yetiştirilmişlerdir. Kardeşlerin yaşama bakış açısı “Tanzimat inkılâpçılığının bir kopyası”dır. Adli‟nin “ablacığım, ağabeyciğim” hitaplarına kardeşleri “—Aman budala çocuk, ağabey, abla da ne demek? Madmazel seni ayıplıyor; Avrupalılar birbirlerini isimleriyle çağırırlar” (YNG: 35) karşılık verirler. Adli, sır gibi sakladığı ve babasının edebiyat meclisindeki müsveddelerden topladığı özlü sözlerden oluşan defterini kardeşleri ele geçirdiğini, oradaki yazılı beyitleri alaylı bir şekilde okuduklarını görür. Kardeşlerinin kendisine ait bu eşyayı habersiz almalarına üzüldüğü gibi Aşk ehline âlemde Dilara mı bulunmaz/Mecnun isen ey dil sana Leyla mı bulunmaz beyitini okurken veznini ve kafiyesini bozmalarına çok daha içerlenir. Özgürel de anılan ikiz kardeşleri, Batılılaşmanın koflaştırdığı, yozlaşmış genç tipi konumunda olduklarını belirterek (Özgürel, 2013: 333). Saptamalarımızı doğrulamaktadır. Kendisinden üç yaş büyük kardeşleri “fikre hisse ve kültüre arkasını çevirmiş bir terbiye ile büyütüldüklerinden” dillerine ve zevklerine en hoş gelen, kendilerinde uyanmamış duygulara hücum etmeyi bir çıkar yol olarak bilirler. Fransa‟dan terbiyeleri için getirtilen iki 3 �mürebbiyenin kayıtsız şartsız insafına bırakılan bu çocuklardan Rıdvan, milli ve dinsel değer yargılarından uzaklaşır. Bir hovarda tipi oluşur. Olay örgüsünün sonunda Beyoğlu âlemlerinin çetin yaşamına duçar olup bir mirasyedi olur. Rıdvan “vakit vakit mektepten kaçmakta, ağzında çirkin bir ispirto kokusu ve bulanık bir kafa ile eve gelmesine” (YNG: 31), günlerce okula gitmemesine karşın ebeveynler ona karşı sonsuz hoşgörü ile yaklaşmaktadır. Aile çocuk eğitiminde iyi bir tutum sergilememektedir. Jale ve Rıdvan ikizlerini koruyup kollarken Adli aşikâr bir şekilde sürekli itilip kakılmaktadır. Bu şekilde yazar, ailenin sorunlara karşı tutumunu sorgulamaktadır. İki kardeşin tersine Adli, sütanneden ayrıldıktan sonra ilgi ve çocuk yetiştirme özenine ihtiyacı kalmamış bir yetişkin gibi kendi haline bırakılır. Kardeşlerin alay ettikleri âmâ dilencinin sesine Adli büyük yakınlık duyar ve avuç açmadan sokaktan geçerken“Ya Sabur, ya Rahim!” nidalarını tekrar tekrar duymak ister. Kardeşlerinin sevdiği sokak satıcısı ise sözde hayır maksadıyla halka su satan sebilcidir. Adli‟nin hoşlanmadığı bu sebilci halka “İçsen de içmesen de avucuma para koyacaksın!” (YNG: 29) gibi maksadını aşan sözlerle hitap eder. Adli, sebilcinin “-Sebil, sebil” sözlerinde bile bir zorbalık görür. Adli, kardeşlerinden ayrı bir kişiliğe sahiptir. Kardeşleri haylaz olup ondan büyük olmalarına rağmen etraflarında olup bitenden habersizdirler. Adli ise yaşından beklenilmeyen bir dinginlik ve sabır içerisindedir. Adli‟de yılların değil yaradılışının gerektirdiği bir olgunluk bulunur. Adli‟nin yolculuğunda tanıdığı bir başka karakter amcası Ziver Paşa‟dır. Ziver Paşa, yönetime yakın duran ve güç zehirlenmesi yaşayan bir kişidir. Dönemin ünlü bir hafiyesi olan bu paşanın yanında ne edebiyattan ne de düşünce sohbetlerinden söz açılır. Oldukça olumsuz bir imaja sahip olan Ziver paşa, uğradığı yerlerden rüşvet alır: “Bonmarşenin önünden geçerken gördüm, Zakkum bir kuyumcuya giriyordu; zavallı adam kim bilir ne yanmıştır…” (YNG: 103). Ziver paşa, yasaların kendisine tanıdığı hakları bireysel çıkarları için kullanan bir kişidir. Aslında resmi bir kimliği olup olmadığı da çok net değildir. Bu bakımdan Adli, sadece ailesinin değil en yakın akrabasının olumsuz imajının etkisi altındadır. Çevrede olumsuz ve zalim hafiye olarak algılanan bu Paşa, Galatasaray Lisesinde de aynı imaja sahiptir. Öğrencilerin dilinde „zakkum Paşa‟ olarak adlandırılan Adli‟nin amcası Ziver Paşa, “Zakkum‟un arabası gene beş aşağı beş yukarı dolaşıyor; mutlaka yeni bir av peşindedir” veya “Bonmarşenin içinden geçerken gördüm, zakkum bir kuyumcuya giriyordu; zavallı adam kim bilir ne yanmıştır” (YNG: 103) hitaplarına maruz kalır. Öğrencilerin anılan paşaya dair düşünceleri Gösterme tekniği ile verilerek okuyucu daha çok ikna edilmeye çalışılır. Buradan da Galatasaray‟ın yurdu baştanbaşa saran hafiye teşkilatına ve dolayısıyla iktidara muhalif durduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Adli de, işte bu nedenlerden dolayı hep karşı çıktığı Ziver Paşa‟nın amcası olduğunu okulda söylemez. Hatta amcası okula geldiğinde bile kendisini ondan gizler. Bu durumda Adli ve diğer çocukların hafiyelere karşı olumsuz tutumları Adli‟yi okuluna bir kez daha bağlar. Romanda her gün birisine zararı dokunan bir paşa olan amca, oğluna da terbiye namına bir şey vermemiştir. Oğlu Rami, kız peşinde koşan ve kişiliği oturmamış biridir. Babasının sınırsız gücünden yararlanarak gayri meşru ve yasadışı yollara başvurur. Romanın bir yerinde, Beyoğlu‟nda sustalı bıçakla bir kızı kovalarken araya giren birini yaralar. 4 �Adli, Batı medeniyetine mesafeli bakar. Bu, onu diğer aile fertlerinde farklı kılar. Batı medeniyetinin İstanbul‟daki unsuru olan mürebbiyelere karşı soğuktur. Ailede herkesin saygı gösterdiği mürebbiyeler onun yanında birer birey olmaktan öte gidemezler. Adli, mürebbiyelerin Türkçe öğrenmeleri için gayret sarf etmemelerini büyük problem olarak görür. (YNG: 63). Evde bulunan mürebbiye için “Türkçe bilmiyor ve bilmek için de gayret sarf etmiyor, daha doğrusu tenezzül etmiyordu” (YNG: 63). Mürebbiyelerde kendini beğenme ve kültürlerini üstün görme duygusunun var olduğunu duyumsatır. Adli, ailesindeki mürebbiyenin davranışlarından yola çıkarak Müslüman halkın yabancılara karşı tutumuna dair bazı saptamalarda bulunur. Buna göre bu kadınlardaki üstünlük hastalığının mürebbiyelerde oluşmasını “Biz” dediği Türk milletinin yol açtığını vurgular. Bunun için “Kendimizi saymadığımız için onlar da bizi mühimsemiyor ve kendimizin dışında olanlara verdiğimiz aşırı kıymetin yanında bir toz zerresi kadar küçük kalıyorduk” (YNG: 63). Bir başka yerde de “Bilmem, neydi bizdeki bu kendimizden uzak şeylere olan kötü düşkünlük?” (YNG: 65) şeklinde “biz” zamirini kullanarak tüm halkı suçlar. Adli haklılığını güçlendirmek için de mürebbiyeler hakkında bazı suçlamalar da bulunur. Ona göre mürebbiyeler salt bir eğitim veya çocukların terbiyesi için gelmezler aynı zamanda Batı kültürü ve zevkinin İstanbul‟daki temsilcileridirler. Hatta bir adım daha ileri giderek onları “haçlı dünyası”nın bir eri olarak görür. Adli kendisinin farkına vardığı bu ince noktaların ailesi ve bütün bir toplum farkında değildir. Annesi garp kültürü ile yetiştiği için “çocuklarını da, aynı rüzgâr istediği tarafa sürüp götürüyordu.” der. Adli‟ye göre annelerin yerine getirmesi gereken çocukların pedagojik ihtiyaçlarını artık mürebbiyeler yerine getirir. Bu da kaçınılmaz olarak çocukların Türk kültürüne yabancı bir şekilde yetişmelerine yol açmaktadır. Adli bunu örneklendirerek görüşlerini temellendirmektedir. Bunun için kız kardeşi Jale‟nin taktığı kolyeyi örnek göstererek durumun vahametini belirtmektedir. Adli, bir gün sofadaki masada duran kolyeyi görür. Uzaktan sanat eseri hevesiyle baktığı bu kolyenin üzerinde Napoleon‟un at üstündeki heykeli yer alır. Bir anda çılgına dönen Adli, “kardeşim, kendi öz kahramanlarının sembolü yerine, bir yabancı kanın fatihini boynunda” (YNG: 67) gezdirmesine hiddetlenir ve kolyeyi kırarak tekrar yerine bırakır. Napoleon‟un askeri başarılarını onaylamakla beraber figürünün bir Türk kızının gerdanının süsü olamayacağı kanaatindedir. 2. Adli’nin Yolculuğunda Karşılaştığı Yardımcılar 2.1. Mutasavvıf Bir Rehber İşte Adli, böyle bir ortamda doğan bir yolcudur. Yazar, Adli‟nin diğer kardeşleri gibi Batıyı taklit eden bir kültürle büyümemesine özen gösterir. Onu kültürel ve tarihsel bir şuur içinde yetişmiş örenk bir insan olmasını ister. Böylece yazar “insan olabilmenin sırlarını, yollarını, esaslarını cemiyete intikal ettirmek” istemektedir. (Yüksel, 1984: 39). Bu nedenle ona yol boyunca iki rehber gönderir. Ana ve babasının, kardeşlerinin şefkat ve sevgisinden yoksun kalan Adli, kendi dünyasını bu iki rehber sayesinde şekillendirmeye çalışır. Birincisi Cem Bey‟dir. Cem Bey, babasının selamlık meclislerine katılır. Divan edebiyatını, Abdülhak Hamid‟in taraftar ve karşıtlarını, Serveti Fünuncuları, Tevfik Fikret‟in hayranlarını, kısacası bütün edebi münakaşaları, edebiyatı beşeri gereksinimlerin en gerekli nafakası sayan bir zümrenin katıldığı bu mecliste Cem Bey, olaylara tasavvuf penceresinden bakan sanatsal ve 5 �kültürel seviyesi yüksek bir kişiliktir. Romanda Cem Bey, tasavvufi söylemlerinden ve kusursuz kişiliğinden dolayı Ayverdi‟nin hocası Kenan Rufai‟yi temsil etmesi güçlü olasılıktır. Aileden ve çevreden dışlanan Adli, Cem Bey‟in sınırsız bir zevkten söz eden dünyasını tanımaya başlar. Cem Bey‟in dünyası “Kendini unuttuğun vakit Allah‟ı zikret” (YNG: 43) sözünde özetlenir. Cem Bey, küçük ve silik bir çocuğa ilgi göstererek Adli ile konuşmaya başlar. Cem Bey, bu çocuğun yüksek istidatlarını kısa sürede keşfeder ve atıl bırakılmasına razı olamaz. Adli‟nin ruhen gelişmesinde önemli katkısı vardır. Kendini onun yanında hissettirerek destek çıkar. Cem Bey, onun için yatıştırıcı rolü görmektedir. Kendisi de bunu itiraf etmektedir: “.. her geçen gün biraz daha bağlandığım Cem Bey‟de bütün acılarımı uyuşturuyordum. O da beni gittikçe artan bir muhabbetle sevmekte ve aramakta bulunuyordu” (YNG: 112). Mutasavvuf bir kimliği temsil eden Cem Bey, yalnızlaşan ve küçümsenen Adli‟ye yakınlık gösterir. Ailesinin bıraktığı ruhsal boşluğu Cem Bey doldurmaya çalışır. Cem Bey, sayesinde bu meclis Adli için birinci sosyal kabul yeri olur. Bu yüzden kendisinden beklenmeyen bir davranış göstererek toplantı sonrası odaya girip “sabahları uşak derleyip toplamadan evvel dolaşmak ve sigara paketlerinin arkalarına, gazete kenarlarına, kâğıt parçalarına yazılıp bırakılmış mısralar, vecizeler, felsefi sözler”i alıp önemli bir sermaye gibi cebine saklar. Daha sonra, Cem Bey‟in kendisine verdiği müsveddeleri temize çekerken ondaki mana derinliğini anlamaya çalışır. Sabrı tavsiye eden şu ifadeler ailede yalnızlaşan Adli‟ye ilaç etkisi yapar: “Allah kullarına acılığa ait bir şey verdi mi, tatlılığı da onun kalbinden uzak tutmaz. Musibet ve kahrı ondan bilerek tahammül, en doğru müdafaa silahıdır. Toprak altından yeşil ve taze olarak süren başak, canlı bir mısra gibi tarlada salınıp nazlanırken, orağın darbesine elbette, zalim, der. Hele değirmen taşının arasına girip toz olmayı en yaman işkence bulur. Fakat kendisini böylece kahretmeyi murat edenin, manada yükseltmeyi dilemiş olduğunu, ancak bir insan vücudunda eriyip, insan olduğu zaman anlar. Biz dünyada zevkle kahrı bir teknede yoğurmak için geldik.” (YNG: 69). Ailenin küçümseyici tutumu karşısında ruhsal bir çıkmaza giren Adli, bu tasavvufi söylemleri, düşünerek ve sindirerek okur ve çıkış yolu bulmaya çalışır. Cem Bey, düşüncelerinde elastiki ve geniştir. Dar görüşlü değildir. Dini belli yasalarla sınırlayan ve şekle sokan arkadaşı Hatemi Hoca‟ya sert bir şekilde çıkışır ve yobaz olmakla suçlar: “Siz din için dinsizlerden daha zararlısınız. Tekâmül cihetiyle en ileri olan İslamiyet, en büyük fenalığı, onu bir heyula gibi göstermeye uğraşanlardan görmüştür” (YNG: 112). Kahraman anlatıcı tarafından Cem Bey ile Hatemi Hoca arasında bir nüansa işaret etmektedir. Başındaki sarığıyla medrese kökenli olan Hatemi Hoca, bilgi dağarcığına doğunun ve batının ilim dünyasını sığdırmıştır. Ancak Cem Bey gibi aşkın verdiği sonsuz sevgi ve merhamet ile dolu değildir. Her şeye toleranslı bakmayı öğütleyen tasavvufun kanatları arasına girmemiştir. Her şeye akıl ve mantık penceresinden bakmaktadır. Hatemi bu yönüyle Mesihpaşa İmamı romanının başkişisi medrese kökenli imam Halis Paşa‟yı çağrıştırmaktadır. Hatemi Hoca, Halis Efendi gibi Kuran‟ın dolayısıyla dinin ancak dış manasını anlayan iç manasını dolayısıyla derinliğini kavramaktan uzaktırlar. Mesihpaşa İmamı romanının bir yerinde anlatıcı, medreseden icazet alan imamın ancak şer‟i meselelere çözüm bulduğunu Remzi adlı bir genç karaktere söyletir. Buna göre imam, iman inkar ile bilgiyi aynı potada eriten 6 �zümreye karşı yetersizdir. Hatta Remzi‟ye göre Halis Efendi, çağın gerisinde kalmış ve kendi sorunlarına da yabancılaşmıştır: “Medrese, şarkı tanıdığını zanneder; fakat ondan fersahlarca uzaktır” (MSİ: 73). Adli‟nin Cem Bey ile dostluğu ilk başlarda öğrenci-hoca ilişkisi şeklinde başlasa da sonradan dert ortaklığına dönüşerek memleketin kanayan yaraları üzerinde yoğunlaşır. Cem Bey, onu anlayan bir dost konumuna geçer. Onun olmadığı anlarda zaman anlamsız bir hal alır. Her ikisi toplumsal düzensizlik ve vatanın hastalığından söz etmektedirler. Bu bağlamda Adli, milli duyguları güçlü bir kahramandır. Avrupa ve yabancılara tanınan imtiyazlara karşı çıkmaktadır. Sütbabası Atıf Bey‟in Beyoğlu‟ndan geçerken tanık olduğu bir olay onu ziyadesiyle üzer. Buna göre yakalanmak üzere olan Avrupalı bir katil zanlısı son anda sefarethaneye sığındığı için yakalanmaktan ve cezasını çekmekten kurtulur. Milli egemenliği zedelediği için Adli, bu olaydan büyük üzüntü duyar. Yazar, bu anekdotu aktarmakla, anayasal kanunların ülkenin her yerinde geçerli olmadığını açıklamak ister. Adli, roman boyunca Cem Bey‟in müsvedde kâğıtlara yazdıklarını temiz bir deftere çeker. Her biri bir elmas kıymetinde tanımladığı bazı sözler şöyledir: “ey insan, kaybını ara, onu bul ve tekrar dağarcığına yerleştir. Mademki, bir yük taşıyıcısın, taş ve toprağın yükünü çekme, o emaneti bul ve onu yüklen!” (YNG: 134). Adli, Cem Bey‟in öğretileri ve cebinde sürekli taşıdığı küçük kitap sayesinde bilgisini artırdığı görülmektedir. Bu bilgi İrfan ve ilim dizayn edilmiştir. Bir doktor ile yaşadığı küçük tartışma bunu gösterir. Evdeki hastayı muayene etmeye gelen doktorun tavsiyelerinden sonra büyük annenin “İnşaallah doktor” sözüne karşılık doktorun “İnşallahsız da geçer hanım efendi, (…) İtikat, maddi bilgilerin kâfi derecede anlaşılmamış olmasından doğar. İlmin kat‟iyeti içine “inşallah” sığmaz.” (YNG: 285) cümlelerine içerlenir ve cevap verme fırsatını kollar. Doktoru evine elinde fenerle bırakırken az önceki ideolojik saldırılarına cevap verir: “Siz zannediyor musunuz ki madde, manadan gayrıdır. Madde, kendisini yaratanın gölgesidir. Siz de ben de onun bir tasarruf aletiyiz” (YNG: 287). Babasının meclisine önceden utana sıkıla giden Adli, şimdi Cem Bey‟in yardımıyla büyük bir özgüvenle gitmeye başlar. Meclisteki herkesin takdirini toplar. Burası onun için bir sosyal kabul yeridir. Altı yaşında okumayı söken Adli, on bir yaşında olmasına rağmen bu eski edebiyatın bin bir yüklü beyitlerini anlamaya çalışır anlamayınca ciddi manada üzülür. Evde üzüntüsünü giderecek ve bu beyitlerin anlamını açıklayacak kimse bulunmaz. Ancak kendine güveni arttıkça eski edebiyat beyitlerini ve Cem Bey‟in nefis ifadelerini kavramaya başlar ve çocukluğundan uzaklaştığını anlar. Adli, küçük dimağının üstünde bir önseziye sahiptir. Adli‟nin kusursuzluğuna karşın insanın her zaman hataya düşme olasılığını göz önünde bulunduran Cem Bey, onu uyarmayı ihmal etmez. Bir mektubunda Adli‟yi hassaslığıyla, içtenliğiyle, dürüstlüğüyle, çalışkanlığıyla ve bilgililiğiyle övdükten sonra şu nasihatleri yapar: “Sen, tuttuğu hamuru yoğurmasını bilmeyen acemi bir aşçıya benzersin. Korkarım ki henüz yumuşak ve kat‟i hatlarını almamış olan bu taze ruhu da idaresizliğin, gevşekliğin, fazla zaafınla çürütmeyesin. Dikkat et Adli, kadınlar sırasında bir kıvılcım, sırasında bir yangındır ve onların bir huyları da yanarken karşılarınkini de yakmalarıdır” 7 �(YNG: 309). Herkese öğüt verebilen Adli, Cem Bey‟in kendisine yönelik sözlerini süzgeçten geçirerek uygular. 2.2. Dayı Nazım Bey Adli‟nin yolculuğunda ona yardımcı olan bütün ruh buhranları arasında ferahlatıcı bir etki yapan bir başka kişi de dayısı Nazım Bey‟dir. Kolordu Erkan-ı Harbiye‟de kısım amiri olan dayısı, Tanzimat kitabının olumsuz izahı olan kardeşi ve Adli‟nin annesi olan Nemide Hanım‟dan çok farklı bir duruşu vardır. Nemide‟de görülen mazi ile şuursuz alay ve küçümseme Nazım‟da birer kıymete dönüşür. Dayının evi, Adli‟nin aile ortamından ayrı bir dünyadır: “o, vatan aşkının keskinleştirdiği bir hassasiyetle, devletin ve milletin hastalığını, mikroskop salahiyetiyle görebilen bir şuurun temsilcisidir.” (YNG: 107). Adli‟nin anne ve babası, amcası gibi yarım kalmış inkılâpların adamı değil, doğrudan doğruya inkılâpçı ve teşkilatçıdır. İktidara muhaliftir. Savunduğu düşüncenin dergilerini düzenli olarak takip eder. Dayısı, ülkenin içinde bulunduğu siyasi kaostan endişelendiği gibi toplumsal gidişattan da pek memnun değildir. Bu bağlamda Adli‟nin annesi, babası ve amcası Ziver Paşa‟dan hareketle Tanzimat devrimini yanlış anlayanlara ateş püskürür ve onları zararlı böceklere benzetir. “Bunlar, ağacın kendinden hasıl olan kurtları… Bunlar birer haşere! Görünüşte ağaç dallı budaklı, gövde kalın ve dik; fakat içi hasta. Onlar, her gün bu ağaçtan bir dal kurutuyorlar” (YNG: 108). Çok sevdiği eşi öldükten sonra uygun eş bulamayacağı ve vatanı için yeterince çalışamayacağı kaygısı Nazım Bey‟i bekâr bırakmıştır. Vatan için çalışırken çocuklarına yeterince zaman ayırmasa da yaşlı annesinin yardımıyla Selami ve Fahrünnisa adlı çocuklarının bir ayağı geçmişte diğer ayakları gelecekte olan parlak gelecek vaat eden iki yetişkindirler. İsmi ile müsemma olan kızı Fahrünnisa, Adli‟nin kardeşi Jale‟den çok farklı bir kişiliği vardır. İsmi de alafrangalık duygusunu veren Jale gibi bir isim olmaması yapısı hakkında ipuçları vermektedir. Elleri kalem kitap tuttuğu gibi ev işlerinde de babaannesi verdiği terbiyeye ile oldukça mahirdir. İleride ruhsal olarak aydın ve memleketin başına dert olmayacak şuurlu bir genç kızdır. Dayı Nazım, İstibdat yönetiminin şiddetini giderek artırması sonucu idealleri için Avrupa‟ya gider. Osmanlı için önemli bir kırılma noktası olan İkinci Meşrutiyet‟in ilanıyla yurda döner. Ancak Nazım Bey, idealist bir asker olduğu için inkılâp sonrası siyasete atılmaz görevine devam eder. Arkadaşlarının asıl görevlerini bırakıp siyasi kadrolara geçmesi, aynı kişilerin işgal ettikleri mevkileri eski yönetimin bazı adamlarını aratmayacak şekilde bireysel çıkarlarına yenik düşmeleri, Nazım Bey‟de bir düş kırıklığı yaratır. Dayı, yönetim değişikliği için bütün içtenliğiyle çalıştığı için kahraman anlatıcı tarafından olumlanmaktadır. Ancak onun çalıştığı İkinci Meşrutiyet‟i ise olumsuzlamaktadır. “Kanlı bir hadise” olarak tanımlanan İkinci Meşrutiyet ve onun taraftarları zamanla her şeyi bireysel çıkarları için kullandıkları ve deneyimsiz oldukları düşüncesini sezdirilir. Samiha Ayverdi, başka romanlarında da İkinci Meşrutiyet‟i zararlı bir yapılanma olarak değerlendirir. İnsan ve Şeytan adlı kurgusal yapıtında Maliye Nazırı Halim Paşa ve konağından söz ederken “meşrutiyet denen yaygaracı dudak siyasi hayata olduğu kadar, içtimai ahenge de: “Dur!” emrini verdi” (İŞ: 65) söz öbeğini kullanır. Bu bağlamda İkinci Meşrutiyet adı geçen bakana ait konağın sonunu getirmiştir. Sadece konağın sonunu 8 �getirmekle yetinmemiş, konakla beraber onun devasa yapısını, nesilden nesile aktarılan gelenek ve görenekleri ortadan kalkmanın yolunu açmıştır. Otantik ve yaşanmış bir devrin, gerçek ve yaşanmış bir hayat tablosunun ele alındığı İbrahim Efendi Konağı‟nda da Ayverdi, İkinci Meşrutiyet taraftarlarını bir iç tehlike olarak nitelendirerek devlet realitesinden uzak olmakla suçlar: “İbrahim Efendi, memleket sathında bu istikamette hazırlanıp hizalanan kalabalık bir zümre olduğunu biliyordu. (…) İmparatorluğun tarihi gerçeklerini ve ananevi siyasetini bilmeyen, devlet ve cemiyet bünyesinin icap ve zaruretlerine vakıf olmayan bir alay sivri akıllı türedi ve aldatılmış adam, bir hürriyet lafıdır tutturmuşlar, bu uğurda yapmadık hata bırakmıyorlardı” (İEK: 59). Romanda İbrahim Efendi konağının kemali ve zevali imparatorluğun durumuyla beraber söz konusu edilir. Bu bağlamda konağın dağılması devletin yıkılışıyla paralel bir şekilde gelişir. Adli için dayısı Nazım Bey, dışa açılan bir penceredir. Cem Bey ile iç dünyasını derinleştirirken dayısı sayesinde belli bir dünya görüşüne sahip olur. Bu bağlamda, o dönemin yönetici kadrolarının yanlış politikalarını eleştirirken İstibdat dönemine de karşı olduğu sezilir. Zira Galatasaray Lisesinde okurken hafiye olarak bilinen Ziver Paşa‟nın amcası olduğunu öğrencilerden saklaması bunu gösterir. Bunun içinde en yakındakilere bile babasının ismini söylemez. Çocuk olmalarına rağmen öğrencilerin, Ziver Paşa‟yı tanımaları, yaptıklarından haberdar olmaları, lisede okuyanların siyasi bilinçlerinin yüksek olduğunu gösterir. Adli, yolculuğu sırasında yıllar, uzun ancak birbirine benzer bir şekilde sessiz ve dilsiz geçer. Üzüntü ve horlanma ile geçen çocukluktan sonra babasının evi, dayısının evi ve Galatasaray lisesi arasında taksim olan hayatı ona çok şey öğretir. Mensup olduğu dünyalara hem yakın hem de uzak olması itibariyle olayları analiz etme melekesi gereğinden fazla çalışır. Bu bağlamda Adli‟nin dünyası, “Bunlar maalesef nesilden nesile münevver tabaka olarak intikal edecek olan kör cahiller vatan hainleri” diyen dayısı, “Canım Nazım‟da akıl mı var? Bir vatanperverlik hikâyesidir bellemiş, boşuna kendini bitiriyor” diyen babası ve “Bu dünya tarlasında herkes kendi boyuna göre bir tane sürükleyici.. fakat benim tanemin müşterisi ne cahiller ne de alimler; yalnız Allah” diyen tasavvuf düşünceli Cem Bey arasında gidip gelmektedir. Bu üç ayrı dünya ile temasta olan Adli, her şeyi tahlil ederek bazı yargılara varır. Yolculuğu aydın veya yarı aydın bir dünyada geçen Adli, yolculuğunun bir yerinde mola vererek bu dünyadan biraz uzaklaşmak ister ve sütbabası Atıf Bey‟in mahallesine giderek halkın arasına karışır. Yaşamı tahlilsiz ve tartışmasız kabul eden halk kitlelerinin kaba, çıplak ve dümdüz ruh dünyası arasında zevk ve heyecan duyar. Zira bazı semtlerde unutulmaya yüz tutan gelenekler ve insan tipleri canlı olarak henüz Atif Bey‟in semtinde yaşarlar. Külhaniler, Keçekülah‟lar, Dağdeviren‟ler, semai kahvelerini, tanburi Cemil‟i çok sever. Samiha Ayverdi, böylece İstanbul‟un geleneksel yaşamına bir gezinti yaparak okuyucunun hafızasını tazeler. Adli, Cem Bey ve dayısı Nazım Bey sayesinde dünya görüşü giderek netleşir. Milli değerleri önceleyen bir kişiliğe sahip olur. Bu bağlamda Adli, oryantal Türk kültürünü en iyi şekilde savunacak kabiliyettedir. Bunu babasının evine gelen Fransızlara anlatarak kanıtlar. 9 �Babasının işyeri müdürü ve misafirleri Madam ve Monsieur Faguet Adli‟nin babası Asaf Bey‟in evini ziyaret ederler. Ziyaretlerinin birinci sebebi ise Asaf Bey‟in eşinin piyanodaki maharetlerini görmek. Ancak iki erkek ve bir kadından oluşan misafirlerin dikkati piyanodan ziyade büyükannenin odasına odaklanır. Bu oda büyükanne buradan ayrıldıktan sonra da eşyasına dokunulmayarak şark köşesi özelliğini korur: “Ne annem, ne de babam, acayip bir hürmet hissi ile odasını bozmadılar. Hatta minderinin üstündeki istufa bohçada duran mor şelaki hırkası, soğuk bezden yazlık geceliği bile, sanki eskiden olduğu gibi, gelip kalacakmış farz edilerek olduğu yerde bırakıldı. (…). Bu oda, bildim bileli, Üsküdar çatması yastıkları, gezi perdeleri, halıları, örtüleriyle, devrin bit yanlış yenileşme baltasına kurban olmamış olduğunu ilan edip durur.”(YNG: 251). Yabancı misafirler annenin Louis Quinze koltuklu odasını görmektense tesadüfen gördükleri büyükannenin şark odasını yeğlerler ve “İşte bir Türk odası! Hayır, bir müze...” nidalarıyla odanın içine girerek eşyalara hayran kalırlar. Ayverdi, bu sahneye yer vermekle yeni nesil gençlerde kültürel ve tarihsel şuuru geliştirmek ister. Güner‟e göre her iki unsur birbirleriyle özdeşleştirilmiştir: “Samiha Ayverdi tarih şuurunun diri tutulmasını, kültür emperyalizmine karşı güçlü bir koruyucu ve geleceğin kurulmasında sağlam rehber olarak görür” (Güner, 1984: 26). Bu esere bir çeşni, bir motif olarak değil olay örgüsünün geneline yedirilmiştir. Anne ve babanın sahiplenmedikleri evin bu köşesini işyeri müdürü hazine, diğerleri de şaheser olarak telakki eder ve defalarca bu eve gelmelerine rağmen şimdiye kadar evin bu köşesinin neden kendisine gösterilmediğine sitem ederler. Odadaki eşyaları misafirlere tanıtamamaktan büyük mahcubiyet duyan anne ve babanın görevini Adli yerine getirir. “Evin bilinmeyen oğlu, şimdi anasını babasını unutturacak kadar ecnebileri kendi etrafına toplamış” Lahur şaldırları, Bilecik kadifeli yastıkları tanıtırken duvardaki ve eşyalardaki tezhipleri ve Farsça beyitleri birebir açıklar. Monsieur Faguet ise yıllardır İran‟da bulunmasına rağmen bu Farsça beyitleri Adli kadar başarıyla çeviremeyeceğini dile getirerek Adli‟yi tebrik eder. Odayı tanımlarken “gizli hazine” “eşyalardaki ahenk” ifadelerini kullanarak subjektif yorumlar yapar. Adli‟nin büyükannesinin odasını bu denli savunmanın en büyük sebebi eşyaların Türk kültürünün oryantal dekorunu koruyan nadir yerlerden biri olmasındandır. Bir yabancıya karşı bu kültürü sahiplenmemek veya bilmemek Adli için onur kırıcıdır. Bütün bu ilgiye karşın yinede bazen büyükannesinin bu tarz döşemesini gereğinden fazla klasik bulur ve bu tarza intibak edemediğini de romanın ilerleyen sayfalarında ileri sürer. (YNG: 295). Bu da Adli‟nin günün şartlarına uygun modern ve geleneksel çizgileri içeren bir iç dekorasyondan zevk aldığını gösterir. Bu şark odasının romanda yer alış biçimi ve yabancıların mekâna olan ilgisi Ömer Seyfettin‟in Gizli Mabed öyküsünü anımsatır. 2.3.Galatasaray Lisesi Adli‟nin dimağını, hafızasını geliştiren bir başka unsurda Galatasaray Lisesidir. Bu lise ile ilişkisi, ailede yaşanan bir olay üzerine gelişir. Ailede sindirilmeye çalışılan Adli, kişisel olarak kendini sıfırlayan biridir. Bu bağlamda, onuruna ve kibrine dokuna çok şeyi es geçmektedir. Ama milli değerler söz konusu olduğunda Adli, başka bir karaktere, tavizsiz bir kişiliğe bürünür. Aile bireylerinden gelen milli değerleri zedeleyicici tavırları kabullenemez. Yolculuğunun henüz on üçünde iken, toplumsal ve bireysel endişeler karşısında rengini ve kati ifadesini bulan bir olay yaşar. Bir gün ablasının boynunda gururla taşımakta olduğu 10 �Napolyon tasvirli kolyeyi kırar. “Yabancı kanın fatihini boynunda” gezdirdiği için derin bir hüzne kapılır. Bu olay üzerine ailede hemen açıkça istenmeyen kişi ilan edilir. Aile meclisinin kararı ile bir çeşit sürgün olarak Galatasaray Lisesi‟nin yatılı kısmına verilir. Bu, Adli için bir kurtuluş ve bir iyiye, doğru yönelme kapısıdır. Burada arkadaşı Sinan ile iyi bir trend yakalayan Adli, başarı basamaklarını bir bir yükselir ve Hukuk Fakültesine kaydolur. Ayverdi, burada Galatasaray bilinçli olarak olumlamakta ve modern bir eğitim yuvası imajı halinde sunmaktadır. Adli‟nin bu okuldaki ilk günlerini olumlu bir atmosfer içinde geçirmesi bu savı kanıtlamaktadır: “.. içlerine karıştığım bütün şu küçük adamlar gibi taşkın bir neşe seline kapılamasam bile gene de onların temiz, sade ve gösterişsiz yaşayışları, benim için rahat nefes alınacak bir durak, istenecek bir şeydi. Arkadaşlarımın hepsini sevmiştim. Burası benim yeni kapımdı. Kimse benimle alay etmiyor, oyunlarına zevklerine zorla iştirak edişim, dikkatlerini ve istihzalarını uyandırmıyordu” (YNG: 95). Burası onun için ikinci bir sosyal kabul yeri olur. Ailesinin ve kardeşlerinin alayları, horlamalarının ezinçliğini, ürkekliğini yavaş yavaş üzerinden atmaya başlar. Adli, bu okulda ve hukuk mektebinde kendisini bilinçli olarak yetiştirirken annesi, babası, kardeşleri, akrabaları giderek daha çok batağa saplanırlar. Bu arada İkinci Meşrutiyetin ilanı bu saplantıyı daha da yoğunlaştırır. Bu eğitim kurumu sayesinde bilgi dağarcığı geliştikçe babasına ait çok sevdiği selamlık meclisini sığ ve yararsız bulur. Özellikle Galatasaray Lisesi‟nde edebiyat daha çok haşir neşir olur ve edebiyatta belli bir anlayışı benimser. O, mecliste sıkça konuşulan Edebiyat-ı Cedide‟ye de muhaliftir. Bu edebiyatı da “dümenini garba çevirmiş çürük sanat gemisi” (YNG: 165) olarak niteler ve giderek batma tehlikesini yaşadığını yargısında bulunur. Adli‟nin Edebiyat-ı Cedide‟ye karşıtlığı salt Batı‟dan esinlendiğinden değil tam tersine taklit ettiği “garbın yüksek ölçülü sanat kudretlerine” uzak ve kayıtsız kalmasındandır. Bu nedenle, “bu gemi garp klasiklerinin bulunduğu merhaleye varabilmiş miydi?” diye sorgulayarak Edebiyat-ı Cedide‟yi taklitçi bir akım olduğunu duyumsatır. Adli‟nin “garbın yüksek ölçülü sanat kudretleri” ifadesiyle Batı‟nın sanattaki üstünlüğünü kabul ettiğini göstermektedir. Galatasaray‟da yabancı edebiyatları tanıma fırsatını yakalayan Abdi, sentez bir kişiliği elde eder. Rus edebiyatından çevrilen hikâyeleri de okur. (YNG: 67). Dante‟nin İlahi Komedya’sını okur (YNG: 288). Küçük yaşından beri evlerinin içindeki musikiden de büyük zevk alır. (YNG: 76). Burada musiki sözcüğüyle annesinin piyano çalışları kast edildiği kuvvetli ihtimaldir. Zira roman boyunca annesinin piyanoya olan tutkunluğunun dışında başka bir musikiden söz edilmez. Bir yerde üstadı Cem Bey‟ e olan ilgisini belirtmeye çalışırken “ Bir sonat yahut çok sevdiğim Lac de Gomme‟daki su damlacıklarını hatırlatan annemin parmaklarından gelen davetçi sesler bile beni bu noktadan ayıramıyordu” (YNG: 132) cümlesindeki Fransızca tabirler Adli‟nin batı medeniyetinden tamamen habersiz olmadığını ortaya koyar. Adli, Galatasaray‟a karşı edindiği iyi izlenimler sadece okuyan çocuklara karşı değil aynı zamanda Fransız hocalarına karşı da geçerlidir. Okulda Fransızca eğitim verilmesine karşın Adli‟nin olumsuz tavrı söz konusu değildir. Bu bağlamda Avrupa‟nın kültürünü ve dilini yaymakla suçladığı mürebbiyelere karşı takındığı olumsuz tutumu Galatasaray Lisesi için geçersizdir. Galatasaray Lisesi, Fransız kültürünü yayan bir misyoner okulu değil kültürel 11 �alt yapısı güçlü kurumsal bir kimlikle vardır. Okulun Fransız hocaları da birer misyoner olarak değil eğitimci imajlarıyla yer alırlar. Okulun Fransız hocalarından M. Dupré‟den söz ederken onun ciddi ve disiplinli ders işlediği izlenimi uyandırılır. Romanda diğer Fransız hocaların sadece isimleri anılır. Olumlu ya da olumsuz bir değerlendirme yapılmaz. Adli‟nin bu okula gittiği dönem Muallim Naci‟nin öğretmenlik yaptığı yıllardır. Olay örgüsünün bir yerinde hatırasını anmak adına onun adı da anılır. Özünde iyi bir insan olan Adli‟nin istidatları söz konusu lisede aldığı eğitimle gelişir. Okutan, Ayverdi‟nin eğitim sisteminin kişinin bireysel yeteneklerini bastırma yerine geliştirme görüşünde olduğunu belirtmesi (Okutan, 1984: 50) Adli‟nin durumu ile özdeşleşmektedir. Olay örgüsünün burasına kadar idealize edilen Adli‟nin önemli bir eksiği ortaya çıkmaktadır. O da halkla temasının bulunmamasıdır. Bunu fark eden yazar bu eksikliği romanın ortalarına doğru gidermeye çalışır. Bunu Adli‟nin sütbabası Atıf Bey ile yapar. Olumlu bir karakter olan Atıf Bey, düşük bir maaşla Çukurçeşme‟de mütevazı bir yaşam sürdürür. Yazar, Adli‟yi sütbabasının yoksul mahallesine götürerek halkla temasını sağlar. Böylece başkahraman Adli, halk çevrelerini yakından tanımaya başlar. Çevresinde sevilen bir kişilik olan Atıf Bey ile kahvehanelere giderek mahalledeki külhanileri, kabadayıları öğrenir. Şimdiye kadar yabancısı olduğu “bu âlemin kaba, çıplak ve dümdüz ruhiyatı içinde” (YNG: 150) zevk almaya başlar. Atıf Bey ile de Kazım‟ın kahvehanesine giderek Tanburi Cemil‟in en müziğini dinler. Adli, Tanburi Cemil‟in “peşrevleri, semaileri atlayarak kendi feryadı, kendi malı olan bu hür seslere geçince, dinlerken kendinden geçer. (YNG: 157). Atıf Bey‟le aynı zaman da geleneksel tiyatro olan meddaha da gider. İdeolojik temelde idealize edilen Adli, ailesine karşı sorumluluğuyla da idealize edilir. Buna göre ailede hep itilip kakılan ikinci vatandaş muamelesi gören Adli, aileyle bağlarını koparmaz. Adli, sonsuz bir acıma ve merhamet duygusuyla kurgulanmıştır. Orhan Okay, „merhamet‟in Ayverdi‟nin bütün eserlerin hamurunda yer aldığını belirtir: “… Samiha Ayverdi‟nin yalnız romanlarında değil, hatıralarında ve bütün yazılarında merhamet ve merhameti doğuran aşk, bazen esas tema veya tez, bazen da eserin fonunda güçlü bir duygu olarak işlenmekte, vurgulanmaktadır” (Okay, 2011: 2489). Okay, söz konusu duygunun Victor Hugo, Tolstoy gibi büyük yabancı yazarların eserlerinin ana eksenini oluşturduğunu ancak bu gün bunun kesintiye uğradığını da ekler. İstibdat yönetiminin sona ermesi Adli‟nin ailesini ve amcasının ailesini maddi ve manevi güçlüklerle karşı karşıya getirir. Romanın sonlarında ailesinin maddi durumunun kötüleşmesi sonucu masrafları yükler ve aileyi iflas etmekten kurtarır. Adli, bunu postaneden aldığı maaş dışında özel gayretler ve yaptığı tercümeler sayesinde gerçekleştirir. Adli aynı zamanda daha önce babasının yabancı dostlarının bir mabet gibi hayran kaldıkları büyük annenin odasındaki eşyaları satışa çıkarır. Adli her gün bu eşyalardan bir tanesini bir tanesini Bedesten‟e götürerek satar. Esnaftan Sıtkı Efendi, bu eşyaların en sonunda Avrupalıların eline geçtiğini belirtir. Her biri ayrı kıymette olan bu eşyaların Avrupalıların eline geçmesi Adli ve esnaf Sıtkı Efendi‟yi milli gurur adına oldukça üzer. Özellikle işin bilincinde olan Sıtkı Efendi‟ye göre üç dört asrı bulan bu eşyaların satımını “yağma” olarak değerlendirir. (YNG: 384). Adli, azgın bir canavar halini alan kardeşleri Jale ve Rıdvan‟ın masraflarının açtığı delikleri kapatmaya çalışır. Artık maaşı, özel çabaları ve büyükannesinin eşyaları yetmiyor yavaştan anne babasına miras kalan altın 12 �imtiyazlar, liyakatler, murassaları da bir bir kuyumculara götürerek satmaya başlar. Böylece aileyi çevreye muhtaç olmaktan kurtarır. Adli‟nin yardım severliği ailesiyle sınırlı değildir. Yardımseverliliği herkesi kapsar. Kapsadığı kişilerden biri de Amcası Ziver Paşa ve eşi Yekta hanımdır. İstibdat‟ın en zalim paşalarından biri olan bu paşa, istibdat yönetiminin ortadan kalkmasıyla maddi ve manevi gücünü kaybeder. Ruhsal bunalımlar geçirir. Adli, Ziver Paşa‟nın bütün zalimliğine rağmen ona ve eşine saygıda ve yardımda kusur etmemiştir. Romanın sonunda yalnız kalan yengesi Yekta Hanım‟ı eve almaya anne ve babasına kabul ettirir. Olumlu edimleri romanın geneline yayılmış olan Adli, bu anlamda “verilmiş” bir tiptir. Hilmi Yavuz, tip sorununun kuramsal bağlamını belirlerken tip‟e “verilmiş” ya da “yaşanmış” şeklinde bir ayırım getirir. Yavuza göre „verilmiş‟ tip, “belirli insan yönsemesinin en son kertesine vardırılarak anlatılmasını anlıyorum. Örneğin, kızlarına duyduğu sevgiyi en son kertesine götüren Goriot Baba, bu anlamda “verilmiş” bir tiptir. Kızlarına olan aşırı düşkünlüğünü en son kertesine kadar sürdüreceği, bir „veri‟ olarak önceden bellidir.” (Yavuz, 2005: 30) „Verilmiş‟ bir tip olan Adli‟nin insansal yönsemeleri önceden belirlenmiştir. Yapıtın başında klasik bir tanıtmayla birinci kişinin mahiyeti belirlenmiş ve böylece kahramanın sonraki davranışlarının nasıl olacağına dair okuyucu şartlanmıştır. Roman okuyucusu, Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun‟u okurken kafasında olumlu „oryantal Adli‟ şekillenir. Artık ondan olumsuzluk adına bir şey beklenmemektedir. Bu nedenle okurlar „Acaba Adli, kendisini horlayan ebeveynlerine, kardeşlerine, Ziver amcasının ailesine ve çevresine karşı nasıl davranacak‟ değil de olumluluk adına „Bakalım bundan sonra daha neler yapacak‟ diye düşünmektedir. Zira Adli, düşünsel plandaki tutarlılığı ve yukarıda anılan kişilere karşı yardımı sınırsız bir özveriyle en son aşamaya kadar sürdüreceği bir „veri‟ olarak önceden belirlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla Adli, olumlu oryantal karakterler sınıfının şematik temsilcisidir. Önceden tasarlanmış ve kararlaştırılmış bir tiptir. Adli, sevmek için dünyaya gelen bir yolcudur. Vatan sevgisi, arkadaş sevgisi, dost sevgisi ve bütün horlamalarına karşın anne sevgisi. Bu bağlamda Adli, bütün sevgileri azar azar tadan biridir. Sadece anne sevgisinde çakılıp kalsaydı belki yıkılan vatan sevgisinden ve mutasavvıf Cem Bey‟in sevgisinden mahrum kalacaktı. Sonuç Samiha Ayverdi, kahramanın bir olaydan, bir sözden hareketle değişebileceğini kurgusal eserlerinde öne sürer. Kişi, ancak bunu “dost” diye tanımladığı bir rehberin, idealist, mesleğinde başarılı bir yakının veya bir eğitim kurumunun yardımıyla yapabilecek, arzu edilen insan prototipi meydana çıkacaktır. İncelenen romandaki “Dost” kendini aşmış, mana alemini önemseyen bir mutasavvıftır. Mana âleminin zenginleştirerek günlük meşgalelerden kurtulacağı düşüncesini öncelemektedir. Dinin dış ve formel yapısını ikinci plana atar. Bu bağlamda statik bir duruş sergileyen medrese eğitimini ve buradan mezun olan kişileri bin bir düşünce ve izm‟lerle mücadele etmek zorunda kalan modern insan için model tip olamayacağını savunur. Adli, yolculuğu sırasında gizli ve açık rehberler sayesinde tasavvufi derinliğe ulaşır. Bu şekilde gündelik meşguliyetlerin içinde boğulmaz. Affedici olup geniş bir ruh yapısına 13 �sahip olur. Sonsuz acıma ve merhamet duygusuyla donandığından düşmanlarını bile kucaklar. Mutasavvıf „dost‟un eğitim çemberinden geçip kâmil insan olmaya aday olur. İnançlı aydın kişiliğine bürünür. Galatasaray gibi batılı bir kimliğe sahip lisede Doğu-Batı kültürlerini sentezler ve toplumun geleceği için bir umut ışığı haline gelir. KAYNAKÇA Ayverdi, Samiha (2009). Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun, 4. Baskı, Kubbealtı Neşriyat, İstanbul. Ayverdi, Samiha (2009). Mesih Paşa İmamı, 4. Baskı, Kubbealtı Neşriyat, İstanbul. Ayverdi, Samiha (2009). İnsan ve Şeytan, 6. Baskı, Kubbealtı Neşriyat, İstanbul. Ayverdi, Samiha (2007). İbrahim Efendi Konağı, 8. Baskı, Kubbealtı Neşriyat, İstanbul. Güner, Agâh Oktay (1984). Samiha Ayverdi ve Tarih Şuuru, Türk Edebiyatı, Samiha Ayverdi Özel Bölümü, S. 127, ss: 24-30. Yüksel, Semahat (1984). İnsan Yetiştirmek, Türk Edebiyatı, Samiha Ayverdi Özel Bölümü, S. 127, ss: 39-40. Okay, Orhan, (2011). Edebiyat ve Edebi Eser Üzerine, Mesihpaşa İmamı Üzerine Bazı Dikkatler, Dergâh Yayınları, İstanbul. Okutan, Ömer (1984). Samiha Ayverdi ve Eğitim, Türk Edebiyatı, Samiha Ayverdi Özel Bölümü, S. 127, ss: 50-51. Özgürel, Emine Gözde (2013). Samiha Ayverdi‟Nin Romancılığı, Akçağ, Ankara. 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2190 Title A name given to the resource BİR YOLCUNUN HİKÂYESİ: YOLCU NEREYE GİDİYORSUN Author Author YAŞAR, Hüseyin Abstract A summary of the resource. Anahtar Kelimeler: Samiha Ayverdi, Yolcu, ideal karakter. ÖZET Yolcu Nereye Gidiyorsun Samiha Ayverdi’nin tezli romanıdır. Ayverdi, eserde insanın hayatını bir yolculuğa benzetir. Buna göre her insanın ölümü ve yeni doğanlar yolda gelip giden kafileler gibidir. Eserin temel düşüncesi başkahraman söylediği “Kendimi bildim bileli seferde olan bir yolcuyum” sözünde özetlenir. İnsanların hem mekânsal hem de ruhsal dünyada yaşadığı değişikler dolayısıyla her insan bir yolcudur. Yazar, bu eserde, ilk romanlarına göre biraz daha memleket meselelerine toplumsal sorunlara değinir. Batılı yaşam tarzının kadınlarda ve gençlerde oluşturduğu olumlu ve menfi etkiler, İkinci Abdülhamit döneminin sıkıntılı yılları işlenen başlıca iki konudur. Bu çalışma, Adli’nin kişiliğinden yola çıkarak Samiha Ayverdi’nin düşünce dünyasını, problemlere bakışını ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayverdi, problemli bir gençliğin karşısına Adli’nin olumlu dünyasını çıkarır. Adli’yi idealize ederek kanayan yaraya neşter vurur. Roman, güncel gençliğin sorunlarına da ayrı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-17 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2203-4548 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/80dcae6ae1583cfc02b03da872a55e59.pdf 0887e827666b1ced00c2a2cf3bb310a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource IT Senior Design Projects Description An account of the resource The IT Senior Design Projects (SDPs) category showcases innovative and practical final-year capstone projects developed by undergraduate and graduate students in the field of Information Technology. These projects represent the culmination of students' academic and technical expertise, demonstrating their ability to solve real-world problems through software and hardware solutions. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource BLINGHO Author Author Ajdin Karavdic Abstract A summary of the resource. This paper explores the use of a web platform for showcasing handmade jewelry branded as “Blingho” with a primary focus on presenting the available items in the most systematic and organized manner. Given the continuous growth of the market and demand, it is crucial for small businesses such as Blingho to establish a unique presence in the digital landscape. Therefore, the use of visual aids and the development of a user-friendly interface become essential for navigating the selection of decorative jewelry. This not only enhances the efficiency of the entire purchasing process but also contributes significantly to customer satisfaction. The development process was divided into several key phases: planning, design, implementation, and testing. The frontend of the application was built using standard web technologies such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to ensure responsiveness and clarity in design. On the back-end, PHP and MySQL were used to handle database interactions and user inputs, ensuring the dynamic functionality of the site. The initial phase involved a thorough analysis of user and business requirements, followed by the design of an efficient database structure to support product listings and user data. The completed application went through multiple testing iterations aimed at improving performance and optimizing usability. The final outcome of the project was a fully functional, user-oriented web application that allows smooth interaction with the content. By centralizing the display of all available jewelry items, the platform helps maintain consistent data management while reducing operational costs and time. Moreover, the resulting digital storefront positions Blingho to enter broader markets with a polished and professional online image. Overall, the techniques and tools employed during the development proved effective in achieving the project’s objectives. Looking ahead, further enhancements could include the addition of advanced features and strengthened security protocols to support future scalability and user trust. Keywords Keywords. Web platform, handmade jewelry, user-friendly interface, web application visual aids, purchasing process, MySQL purchasing process sdp web application https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/f125f963027133e5c69eec9f67755dab.pdf 344a08b79c4366bc6c708180fff708c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource IT Senior Design Projects Description An account of the resource The IT Senior Design Projects (SDPs) category showcases innovative and practical final-year capstone projects developed by undergraduate and graduate students in the field of Information Technology. These projects represent the culmination of students' academic and technical expertise, demonstrating their ability to solve real-world problems through software and hardware solutions. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource BnBosnia - Booking platform for Bosnia and Herzegovina Author Author Orhan Huseinbegović Abstract A summary of the resource. The objective of this project is to develop a booking platform, crafted for the needs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, that is designed to help its users to rent and book properties. Technologies that are used to make this platform are React.js for frontend side along with Node.js powered with Express framework on the backend side, while utilizing PostgreSQL for database. The problem addressed is the absence of a booking platform specialised and tailored for the needs of the country Bosnia and Herzegovina. A technique that can be used is the creation of a web application that provides its users with seamless and free access to a booking system. On this web application, users can search for properties to book, publish their own properties and make profit from it, save properties for future booking, and much more. The results include a fully functional web application with a simple UI and a great UX, that attracts foreign and local tourists to use the application. The conclusion drawn is that the proposed BnBosnia booking platform, effectively helps their users to book accommodation and rent their own accommodation, allowing them to make profit. Keywords Keywords. booking platform, Bosnia and Herzegovina, property renting Language A language of the resource English language booking software engineering tourism https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/68e63b612655c15d3965c60f870573e2.pdf b77f74f55ec0af9db4018c12c89a1c86 PDF Text Text Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics Body Parts As Frames In The Perception Of Turkish Learners Of English SauleAbdramanova KIMEP University, Kazahstan Submitted: 02.04.2014. Accepted: 25.11.2014. Abstract The aim of the research is to investigateconceptual framesofbody parts,as perceived by native Turkish speakers while they learn English idioms that employbody-part components. The study is mainly based on the assumptions of the theory of frames by Minsky (1974), who proposed the frame system forthe cognitive sciences. Vygotsky (1986) introduced conceptual frames in his theory of human development, and Fillmore (2006) operated with the term “frame” in his frame semantics. The abovementioned theories have been applied to make up a network of ‘nodes’ and ‘relations’ that Turkish learners of Englishbuilt up while guessing the meaning of English idioms, with the focus on their body-part components. The experiment was conducted among first-year students with an intermediate level of English from the department of English Language Education at Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Participants were asked to fill in questionnaires and to guess the meaning of 15 English idioms that employbody-part components such as eyes, hands, head, heart, leg/foot, nose, and tongue. To ensure thevalidity and reliability of the experiment, interviews were conducted with five respondents and a think-aloud protocol was conducted with six other respondents. The qualitative data obtained in the experiment were analyzed, and the results showed that Turkish students build different frames related tobody-part meanings based on their universal, cultural and personal world perception. Keywords: frames, idioms, body parts, English, Turkish Introduction The notion of frames was introduced to cognitive sciences by Minsky (1974), who defined it as a network of notions and interrelated links; together, they represent a situation that comes to the human mind when required. He identified different levels of frames: the top ones are basic characteristics of the typical situation, and the lower ones have slots that are open for being filled in by situation’s specifics. In other words, a situation has both general and specific features, and a frame network depicts those fixed and varied instances. In cognitive linguistics, Fillmore (2006) suggested a term of ‘frame’ instead of such terms as ‘schema’, ‘cognitive model’, ‘script’, ‘scenario’, etc., and he defined it as a system of concepts understood as a whole structure, parts of which are closely related to and dependent on each other. His ‘frame semantics’ is based on the assumption that all words are represented by categories that are motivated by situations, and grounded by experience and knowledge. Vygotsky (1986) introduced conceptual frames to his theory of human development; he contends thatthe social aspect of language is closely connectedto the society, and the environment plays a crucial role in the development of human beings’ thinking abilities. Newborn children acquire the surrounding world through conceptual frames; those concepts originate from personal mental models (mostly models of the physical world constructed by people) and cultural models (shared resources of the community formed by negotiation). Fillmore and Baker (2009) distinguish two types of frames: core (central concepts) and peripheral (circumstantial notions); however, they admit that there is a vague 259 �Body Parts As Frames In The Perception Of Turkish Learners Of English distinction between them. They also name extra-thematic elements of frames irrelevant to any description of a phenomenon, situation or lexical unit. English and Turkish languages belong to different language families; therefore, there are certain differences in the way body part components are structured and conceptualized in idioms, and how they are perceived and utilized in two languages. Those differences are justified by geographical, historical, political, social and cultural features of two nations. Meanwhile, a similarity may be found in the meaning of English and Turkish idioms as well as in conceptual representation of their body-part components due to common perception of the surrounding world by representatives of two nations and due to the universality of body-part functions. Method of research The objective of this study is to investigate the frames Turkish learners articulate while guessing the meaning of English idioms that employ body-part components. The data were collected by conducting an experiment among 20 first-year students with an intermediate level of English from the department of English Language Education at Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Participants were asked to fill in questionnaires that contained15 English idioms that use components of body parts, such as eyes, hands, head, heart, leg/foot, nose, and tongue; participants had to guess the meaning of the idioms, which were culled from National British Corpus. The selection of idioms was based on the frequency of their usage, a wider representation of body parts as components, and the representation of English idioms not/having equivalent and analogous Turkish idioms.Questionnaires were designed to identify the meaning of idioms and to reveal background information about the respondents (gender, age, how long they had been learning English, mother tongue and family language). To ensurethe validity and reliability of the experiment, interviews were conducted with five respondents and a thinkaloud protocol was conducted with six other respondents. Data analysis The data obtained from the group of participants withan intermediate level of English were analyzed to find out how learners at this level of English tend to define idioms. The analysis is based on the results received from questionnaires, interviews and think-aloud protocols. The answers were classified according to their relation to idioms’ components. Only two groups of responses were considered – those that directly or indirectly referred to body part components. The definitions identified as relating to other parts of idioms were not included in the analysis. Eyes EYES are associated with seeing/watching/observing, and its conceptual interpretationis SEEING IS KNOWING. A considerable amount of respondents attributed the notion of VISION IS CONTROL to the idiom ‘To keep your eyes on the ball’ (If you keep your eye on the ball, you stay alert and pay close attention to what is happening): a ball is round, so it can go anywhere, keep it in front of your eyes; gözünütoptanayırma; gözünükırpmamak; gözünübirşeydenayırmamak; gözünütoptanayırmamak; to focus on the subject; çokodaklamak, gözünüayırmamak; gözleriniayırmadankonuyaodaklamak; gözünüdörtaçmak; göz kulak olmak. It is implied that if someone controls the situation, it will bring success, and vice versa: If somebody loses control, it will lead to failure. Two respondents attributed the notion of BEING BEWARE (to watch out); and one participant conceptualized SEEING IS UNDERSTANDING (to watch somebody carefully to understand what s/he is doing). One student indicated the notion of SEEING IS MOVING TO GOALS: always on the way to your goal. The eyes are given the function of ‘seeing the goals’ and ‘stimulating a human being to move in their direction’. 260 �Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics The idiom ‘Blink of an eye’ (If something happens in the blink of an eye, it happens so fast it is almost impossible to notice it) also refers to VISION IS CONTROL: closing the eyes indicates a loss of control, but the action happens so quickly that control is still underway and has never been lost. Answers of some respondents related to the function of EYES FOR SEEING: bırbakışatmak, seeing just a second. Six respondents referred tothe Turkish idiom ‘Gözkırpmak’ (to wink); one learner extended the latter meaning to, ‘To close and then quickly open the eyes to approve something’ – EYES FOR APPROVING. One participant attributed an evaluative function to the act of seeing – EYES ARE EVALUATION: gözününkararması. There were also answers that can be referred to peripheral frames: something valuable/important for somebody; something that is very close to us; and to an extra-thematic one: being happy. Mouth The idiom ‘To put your foot in your mouth’ (If you put your foot in your mouth, you say something stupid or embarrassing) is more related to the image-schema of ‘mouth’ as a CONTAINER rather than ‘foot’ as a means of movement. When a container is closed by another object, then the way is blocked and nothing can be taken out of it, nor can be taken easily.If the path for verbal articulation is not free, the mouth, as a container, produces defective utterances, i.e. says stupid things. An overwhelming number of participants provided answers related to MOUTH IS (NOT) FOR SPEAKING: talk considerably; mantıklıkonuşmak; düşünüptaşınarak, tartarakkonuşmak; ağzınıhayraaçmak; shut up; not to talk about a secret; to withhold permission for somebody to speak; not to say anything,trying to hold yourself backfrom saying it. There was also a metonymical shift of ‘mouth’ to ‘lips’ and their engagement in producing an act of smiling with further extension to the state of ‘happiness’ – MOUTH IS SMILING → BEING HAPPY: ağzıkulaklarınavarmak, to be quite happy. And one answer was absolutely disassociated with whole framework of the MOUTH concept based on situational experience of the respondent: canınıdişinetakmak (a Turkish idiom – to take one’s life in one’s hands). Nose In the idiom ‘Pay through the nose’ (If you pay through the nose for something, you pay a very high price for it) the nose is connected to the frame of PATH through which the air passes. If the passage through the path is difficult, the movement is hindered, and the destination is not reached. Also, the nose is related to the source-concept of LIFE: the movement of the air along the path, i.e. the nose, implies staying alive because air is a condition of life. So, if the path is blocked, i.e. you pay through the nose, then it may cause you difficulties or even death. Participants provided different meanings to the idiom giving an extended range of explanations based on functions of the nose – NOSE SMELLS: burnunakokulargelmek, sezmek, to guess beforehand (lit. smell comes to the nose); smelling bad; and NOSE SNOTS: burundanahilahilgelmek (to come from the nose in large amounts). Nose is associated with BEING GRUMPY: burnundankılaldırmamak (lit. not let a hair be taken from the nose); and TO REGRET: burnundangetirmek/ gelmek (to regret things that have been done); inatlaşmakvebununsonucunakatlanmak(lit. to be obstinate and to suffer from that); difficulty in doing something back. Two respondents based their definitions on the frame of NOSE IS CONTAINER/OBJECT - be beaten, havingabroken nose; her işeburnunusokmak.Associations have been developed either in connection with the difficult conditions of executing any actions through the nose, or emotions related to those situations. Ears Ears also refer to the notion of PATH; the sound goes in and out along the path, i.e. ears, to reach the destination. When the path is free, the movement is easy and fast. Almost all respondents referred to 261 �Body Parts As Frames In The Perception Of Turkish Learners Of English the frame of EARS FOR HEARING/LISTENING while guessing the idiom ‘All ears’ (If someone says they're all ears, they are very interested in hearing about something): listening carefully; all people are hearing something; can kulağıyladinlemek kulak kesilmekdıkkatledinlemek. Two participants extended the act of ‘listening’ to EARS FOR KNOWING: knowing/being aware of everything; to know everything. Hands Hands are means of taking and giving, and the concept is motivated by the metaphtonymies of HOLDING IS CONTROLLING and CONTROL IS PHYSICAL GRASP. Kövecses (2010) suggests the following conceptual metaphors for Hands: HAND STANDS FOR CONTROL, HAND STANDS FOR THE ACTIVITY, and HAND STANDS FOR THE PERSON. When processing the idiom ‘Play into someone’s hands’ (If you play into someone's hands, you do what they were expecting you to do and take advantage of this), participants produced the definitions based on the concept of HOLDING IS CONTROLLING: birininelindekuklaolmak; birininelindeolmak, birşeyebağlıolmak, to be up to somebody/ something; kaderielindeolmak (to hold the fate in someone’s hands). Two participants referred to the palm of the hand: avucundaoynatmak; avucununiçindeoynatmak. Legs LEGS and FEET are parts of the body responsible for walking; they are based on the frame LEG/FOOT FOR ABILITY TO WALK. They are also related to metaphor WALKING FORWARD IS PROGRESS, a reverse action (inability to move) is understood as failing to achieve success. The idiom ‘To pull someone’s leg’ (If you pull someone's leg, you tease them, but not maliciously) indirectly relates to the abovementioned metaphor: if somebody pulls your leg you will not be able to walk, and it will definitely hinder your progress. But the implication for this idiom is that pulling somebody’s leg is perceived as a minor disturbance and a slight annoyance that occurs among friends for fun. Two respondents provided the frame of WALKING to the idiom: to trip up; birineönayakolmak. Eight participants referred to PREVENT FROM WALKING: to displace somebody; birineengelolmak; (birinin) ayağınıkaydırmak; birinezararvermek; ayağınıkaydırmak, to make somebody worse; birkişininişiengellemek. Head Five learners provided the meaning of ‘Hit the nail on the head’ idiom by referring to HEAD FOR THINKING: to think about; to think deeply; to think carefully; karakaradüşünmek (fig. to brood over); düşünmek. Five respondents extended the process of ‘thinking’ to other mental operations – HEAD FOR UNDERSTANDING: make somebody remember or understand by giving clues/examples; jetondüşmesi; jetondüşmek, understand immediately; ‘coming immediately to one’s mind: birandaaklinagelmek; and HEAD FOR REFERRING önemlibirnoktayadeğinmek. Heart The HEART is typically associated with emotional spheres, and metonymically motivated as HEART FOR FEELINGS. It also has an image-schema of a CONTAINER FOR CONTENT; the content is a range of emotions people usually have towards each other. The idioms ‘Wear your heart on your sleeve’ (Someone who wears their heart on their sleeve shows their emotions and feelings publicly) and ‘Eat your heart out’ (If someone tells you to eat your heart out, they are saying they are better than you at something) refer to the abovementioned concepts: if the heart is worn on the sleeve, it is 262 �Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics exposed to the outer world and feelings are not hidden; and if other people are better than you at something, you would better eat your heart not to display bad emotions concerning that fact. Most learners gave definitions to idioms based on the concept HEART FOR FEELINGS - to ‘Wear your heart on your sleeve’ idiom: do not be heartless; to behave like you do not have a heart; duygusaldavranmak, mantığıyladeğil, duygylarıyladavranabilmek; kalpkırmamayadikkatetmek, duygusaldavranmak; kalbiniellerinevermek, it is like kalbımsenindir; and to ‘Eat your heart out’ idiom: to be very emotional; you are a heartless person; kalbininsesindinlemek (lit. listen to the sound of your heart); acımasız, kalpsız; acımasızolmaz (it is not possible without pain). An exposure of the HEART on the sleeve is perceived as its OPENNESS to public: herşeyiaçıkçayapmakya da söylemek (lit. to do and to speak openly). HEART removed from its location implies logical and unemotional actions: to think reasonably, not emotionally; HEART eaten implies LOGIC and COMMON SENSE: düşüncesizcedavranmak (to behave thoughtlessly); being romantic, but logical; to follow common sense; to think about something so much and make it a problem inside. Two learners matched the English idiom with the Turkish one – a semantic shift from HEART to SOUL: canınıdişinetakmak (fig. to take one’s life in one’s hands). One answer was associated with an impossible task, similar to wearing the heart on the sleeve: to try hard to accomplish something. Lastly, participants referred to characteristics of human beings: always being in a nervous situation/to be nervous all the time – an association with STRESS; elinivicdanınakoymak, to be honest; kalbinielinealmak, cezaretlifalan; to be brave/being brave – an association with MORALE/ SPIRIT - moral/spiritual features of a human being; to be merciful; to be kind, understanding. Conclusion The qualitative data obtained in the experiment were analyzed, and the results showed that Turkish students provided different frames of body-part meanings based on their universal, cultural and personal world perception. EYES are associated with the ability to see and understand the surrounding world, accept and approve it, to be able to control the situation and evaluate it, to see risks and be able to guard yourself against dangers. MOUTH is for speaking and smiling, and as a consequence, feeling happy. NOSE is a container/an object that provides the ability to smell, as well as snot; at the same time, it is related to the condition of being grumpy. EARS are for hearing and listening; through them, people learn about the world. HANDS are associated with holding something and, consequently, controlling it. LEGS represent the ability to walk/not walk; HEAD is related to the mental functions of thinking, understanding and identifying similarities and differences in people and things. Lastly, HEART is referred to feelings and soul, expressing feelings and displaying human features openly. Respondents mostly presented core frames to body parts while guessing the meaning of English idioms. Since body parts function similarly in all human beings, particularlythe five senses through which people experience the world, there was universality in the way representatives of Turkish culture perceive them. There were also some peripheral frames that represent facets of cultural knowledge. There were also some extra-thematic notions that were mostly grounded on the experience and knowledge of respondents. The respondents’perception of idioms that use body-part components offersinsights about their experiences, values, and culture. This knowledge contributes to anunderstanding of young Turkish people’s interpretation of body parts. 263 �Body Parts As Frames In The Perception Of Turkish Learners Of English References Fillmore, Ch.J. (2006). Frame semantics. In D.Geeraerts (Ed.).Cognitive Linguistics:Basic (pp. 374-400). Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Readings Fillmore Ch.J. & Baker, C. (2009).A frame approach to semantic analysis. In B.Heine&H.Narrog (eds). The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Analysis (pp.313-339). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kövecses, Z. (2010). Metaphor: a practical introduction. Oxford & New York: Oxford Press. Minsky, (1974).A Framework for Representing Knowledge.MIT-AI Laboratory Memo 306. Vygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. 264 University � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2799 Title A name given to the resource Body Parts As Frames In The Perception Of Turkish Learners Of English Author Author Abdramanova, Saule Abstract A summary of the resource. The aim of the research is to investigateconceptual framesofbody parts,as perceived by native Turkish speakers while they learn English idioms that employbody-part components. The study is mainly based on the assumptions of the theory of frames by Minsky (1974), who proposed the frame system forthe cognitive sciences. Vygotsky (1986) introduced conceptual frames in his theory of human development, and Fillmore (2006) operated with the term “frame” in his frame semantics. The abovementioned theories have been applied to make up a network of ‘nodes’ and ‘relations’ that Turkish learners of Englishbuilt up while guessing the meaning of English idioms, with the focus on their body-part components. The experiment was conducted among first-year students with an intermediate level of English from the department of English Language Education at Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Participants were asked to fill in questionnaires and to guess the meaning of 15 English idioms that employbody-part components such as eyes, hands, head, heart, leg/foot, nose, and tongue. To ensure thevalidity and reliability of the experiment, interviews were conducted with five respondents and a think-aloud protocol was conducted with six other respondents. The qualitative data obtained in the experiment were analyzed, and the results showed that Turkish students build different frames related tobody-part meanings based on their universal, cultural and personal world perception. Keywords: frames, idioms, body parts, English, Turkish Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed P Philology. Linguistics,PE English,PJ Semitic,PK Indo-Iranian,PR English literature Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 3536 Title A name given to the resource BODY PARTS AS FRAMES IN THE PERCEPTION OF TURKISH LEARNERS OF ENGLISH Author Author Abdramanova, Saule Abstract A summary of the resource. The aim of the research is to find out frames of body parts through the perception of English idioms with body part components by native speakers of Turkish learning English. The study is mainly based on the assumptions of the theory of frames by Minsky (1974) who proposed the frame system for cognitive sciences. Vygotsky (1986) introduced conceptual frames in his theory of human development, and Fillmore (2006) operated with a term of “frame” in his frame semantics. The above mentioned theories have been applied to make up a network of ‘nodes’ and ‘relations’ that Turkish learners built up while guessing the meaning of English idioms, with the focus on their body part components. The experiment was conducted among first year students with an intermediate level of English from the department of English Language Education at Middle East Technical University, Ankara. Participants were asked to fill in questionnaires to guess the meaning of fifteen English idioms with components of body parts, such as eyes, hands, head, heart, leg / foot, nose, and tongue. To ensure validity and reliability of the experiment interviews were taken from five respondents of the experiment, and a think-aloud protocol was conducted with six other respondents. The qualitative data obtained in the experiment were analyzed, and the results showed that Turkish students provide different frames of body parts meanings based on their universal, cultural and personal world perception. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Keywords Keywords. Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed PE English https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/bc2cf2253d2935b45bab5bf4d2bc6474.pdf bf5c3a6b4e3a24fd2fd0706bda4ff38b PDF Text Text 1st International Conference on Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo BoĢnaklara Türkçe Öğretiminde Nasreddin Hoca Fikralarının Yeri Ve Önemi Zülfikar BAYRAKTAR Gediz Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakùltesi Tùrk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bôlùmù zulfikar.bayraktar@gediz.edu.tr Yusuf Ziya SÜMBÜLLÜ Sùleyman ġah University, Turkey Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakùltesi Tùrk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bôlùmù yzsumbullu@yahoo.com Özet: Yerelden evrensele uzanan yolda, tùm insanlığa mal olmuĢ mizah karakterimiz Nasreddin Hoca, bugùn sadece Anadolu‘da değil, tùm dùnyada tanınır ve fıkraları dilden dile anlatılır olmuĢtur. Biz, bu bildirimizde, Bosna Hersek‘te fıkraları anlatılan ve BoĢnak halkının sıkıntılarına, dertlerine ve sevinçlerine ortak olan Nasreddin Hoca fıkra tipini ele alarak, bu tipin BoĢnak kùltùrù içindeki yerini ve ônemini incelemeye çalıĢacağız. Bununla beraber, hem Tùrk, hem de BoĢnak halk kùltùrùnde hala canlılığını koruyan Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının BoĢnaklara Tùrkçe ôğretiminde nasıl yararlı olabileceği ve bu fıkraların iki kùltùr arasında nasıl bir kôprù vazifesi gôrdùğù bildirimizin ana konusunu oluĢturacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Nasreddin Hoca, Bosna Hersek, Eğitim, Dil, Kùltùr The Place and the Importance of Anecdotes of Nasreddin Hodja in the Teaching of Turkish Language to Bosnians Abstract: Nasreddin Hodja is another name for humour used not only in the most secluded places but in the biggest centres of the world as well. At present, anecdotes and jokes of Nasreddin Hodja are talled and re-talled not only in Anadolia but in every part of the world. In this work, we tried to present Nasreddin Hodja as somebody who left an important mark on Bosnian culture. Considering that fact, we will present the role and place of Nasreddin Hodja inside of that culture. However the anecdotes of Nasreddin Hodja are beeing alive in both folk cultures, in Turkish and Bosnian, it is going to be a bridge between the two cultures when it comes to teaching of the Turskish language to Bosnians. This methode is going to be a main part of our discussion. Key Words: Nasreddin Hodja, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Education, Language, Culture. Nasreddin Hoca, bugùn birçok coğrafyada tanınan ve fıkraları dilden dile anlatılan bir fıkra tipidir (Bayraktar: 2010; 72). Nasreddin Hoca fıkra tipine bağlı olarak anlatılan fıkraların sayısının bugùn için bile ne kadar olduğunu tahmin etmek hiç de kolay değildir (Bayraktar: 2007; 354). Nasreddin Hoca Anadolu‘da dùnyaya gelmiĢ, zaman içinde yerelden evrensele uzanan yolda tùm dùnyaya mal olmuĢ bir mizah kahramanıdır (Tùrkmen: 1984; 141). Nasreddin Hoca‘nın fıkraları Osmanlı Devletinin Bosna Hersek‘te hùkùm sùrmesiyle beraber bu sahada da yayılmıĢ, Anadolulu olan Nasreddin Hoca zamanla BoĢnakların da mizah kahramanı olarak varlığını bugùnlere değin sùrdùre gelmiĢtir (MuftıĤ:1998; 721). BoĢnak halkı arasında Nasreddin Hoca, Nasrudin Hodža adıyla bilinir (BajraktareviĤ: 1998; 707). Hocanın fıkraları Bosna Hersek‘te zevkle anlatılıp dinlenir. Fıkraların birçoğu Anadolu sahasındaki fıkralarla benzerlik gôstermektedir (TucakoviĤ: 2009; 4). Bunun yanında bu fıkralar BoĢnakların da yeni ekledikleri fıkralarla zenginleĢmiĢ ve bugùn Bosna‘da zengin bir Nasreddin Hoca kùlliyatı oluĢmuĢtur (IsakoviĤ: 1984; 9). BoĢnak halkının ince zekâsının pırıltıları olan bu fıkralar geleneksel kùltùrùn aktarımı açısından bùyùk ônem taĢımaktadır. BoĢnak halkının hayata bakıĢını ve hayat karĢısındaki duruĢunu bu fıkralardan okumak mùmkùndùr (Bayraktar, Solak: 2010; 2). 1384 �1st International Conference on Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo Bosna Hersek sahası Nasreddin Hoca fıkraların bùyùk kısmı Anadolu sahası Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarıyla paralellik gôstermektedir. Bunun temel nedenlerinden biri, Bosna Hersek‘in bir zamanlar Osmanlı toprağı olmasıdır. Bu dônemde gerek matbu gerekse elyazması eserlerle iki toplum arasında kùltùrel etkileĢimler ùst dùzeyde olmuĢtur. Bunun yanında fıkralar, coğrafyanın ve kùltùrùn de etkisiyle az da olsa değiĢikliklere uğramıĢlardır. Bazen fıkralardaki yer isimleri değiĢmiĢ bazen de var olan fıkraların bir benzeri ortaya çıkmıĢtır (Bayraktar, Solak: 2010; 2). Bu durum gayet normaldir. Bu halk kùltùrùndeki folklorizasyonun bir sonucudur (Tùrkmen: 1999; 17). BoĢnak halkı Nasreddin Hoca‘yı benimsemiĢ ve ona BoĢnak millî kahramanı diyecek kadar sahip çıkmıĢtır (MuftıĤ:1998; 723). Konuyu bu bağlamda değerlendirdiğimizde, Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının Bosna Hersek‘te yayılması ve bu fıkraların gùncellenerek gùnùmùze kadar gelmesi farklı iki kùltùrùn birbirini anlayıp karĢılıklı iletiĢim kurmasında bir kôprù vazifesi gôrmùĢtùr. Nasreddin Hoca Tùrk ve BoĢnak halkı arasında bir kùltùr elçisi olmuĢ ve bu iki farklı kùltùre mensup insanlar Nasreddin Hoca‘nın tebessùmùnde hayat bulmuĢlardır. Nasreddin Hoca iki toplumda gùldùren, dùĢùndùren, eğiten, sevdiren, yol gôsteren bilge olmuĢtur. Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının BoĢnaklar ve Tùrkler arasında yaygın olmasının iki toplum arasındaki kùltùrel iliĢkiler açısından ônemli olduğunu daha ônce vurgulamıĢtık. Bu kùltùrel iliĢkiler arasında en ônemli paya sahip alanlardan biri de eğitim ve ôzellikle de dil eğitimidir. Bizler bu dùĢùnceden hareketle bildirimizde, BoĢnaklara Tùrkçe ôğretimi sùrecinde Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarından yararlanılmasının yeri ve ônemi ùzerinde duracağız. Yabancı dil ôğretimi sùrecinde kùltùrùn ônemi tartıĢılmaz bir yere sahiptir. Öyle ki, bizler dili kùltùrùn taĢıyıcısı olması yônùyle ôğrenir ve ôğretiriz. Kùltùr olmadan dilin aktarabileceği hiçbir değer olmaz. Dil kùltùrle vardır ve kùltùr unsurlarıyla hayatiyetini devam ettirir. Bir kùltùrde unutulan ya da değiĢen unsurların karĢılığı olan dil malzemesi de zamanla unutulur ve kaybolur. Yabancı dil ôğreniminde dili ôğrenen kiĢi ôğrendiği dilin kùltùrùne yabancı kalamaz. Dili ôğrenebilmesi için kùltùr unsurlarını da iyi algılamalıdır (Barın: 2008; 61). Mesele bu bakıĢ açısıyla değerlendirildiğinde, Tùrkçeyi yabancı dil olarak ôğrenen ôğrencilerin Tùrk kùltùrùne kayıtsız kalması dùĢùnùlemez. Özellikle de bir zamanlar beraber yaĢamıĢ ve birçok ortak değeri paylaĢmıĢ iki milletin bu anlamda karĢılıklı olarak bir değerler bùtùnù etrafında toplanması gayet normaldir. Bu değerler bùtùnù içerisinde Tùrk ve BoĢnak kùltùrùnùn en ônemli kùltùr dinamiklerinden biri de Nasreddin Hoca‘dır. Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının her iki kùltùrde de geçmiĢte var olması ve gùnùmùze kadar çeĢitlenerek ulaĢması bu fıkra tipinin iki farklı toplumda da ihtiyaçlara cevap verdiğinin bir anlamda gôstergesidir. Yine, Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının iki toplumda da yaygın olması BoĢnaklara Tùrkçe ôğretiminde bu fıkraların kullanılması noktasında kolaylık sağlayacaktır. Yabancı dil ôğretiminde karĢılaĢılan en ônemli sorunlardan biri ôğrenilen dilin kùltùrùne karĢı bir ôn yargı içinde olunmasıdır. Bu problemin birçok nedeni olabilir. Bunun yanında ôğrenilen dilin ôğretilmesi aĢamasında kullanılan dil malzemesinin, dili ôğrenen ôğrencinin dùzeyine, kùltùrùne ve gùdùsùne uygun olup olmadığı da bir diğer ônemli meseledir. Yabancı dil ôğretiminde sınıf ortamında ôğrencileri motive ederek dersi devamlı olarak zevkli hale getirmek kolay değildir. Motivasyonu en ùst noktada tutabilmek için zaman zaman birçok teknik kullanılır. Bu teknikler içinde mizahın ve dramanın ônemli bir yeri vardır. Mizah ve drama ile ôğrencinin dikkati derse çekilir, zaman zaman da ôğrencinin rahat bir nefes alarak dinlendirilmesi sağlanmıĢ olunur. Gerek Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının ôzellikleri, gerekse bu fıkraların her iki toplumda da var olması BoĢnaklara Tùrkçeyi ôğretmede bir fırsat aracı olarak gôrùlmelidir. Bu fıkraların her iki toplumda var olması, fıkraların kısa ve ôz oluĢu, fıkraların konuĢma, dinleme, yazma ve anlama becerilerine katkı sağlaması, yeni kelimelerin ôğrenilerek okuma hızının arttırılması, bilinmeyen kelimelerin fıkra içinde daha rahat anlaĢılabilmesi, dil bilgisi kurallarının basite indirgenmiĢ bir metin içinde ôğrenilmesi, ahlaki normların ve değerlerin ôğretilerek istenilen davranıĢların pekiĢtirilip istenilmeyen davranıĢların mizah yoluyla eleĢtirilmesi Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarını bir dil ôğretim malzemesi olarak kullanmada cazip hale getirmektedir. Nasreddin Hoca sempatik ve pozitif bir fıkra tipidir. O fıkralarında, Ģunu yap, ya da bunu yapma, demek yerine dinleyicisini dùĢùnmeye sevk eder. Fıkralarındaki iki farklı çatıĢmadan doğan doğrunun anlaĢılması için dinleyicisini zorlamaz. Bu bağlamda Hoca‘nın fıkraları hiç sıkılmadan dinlenir ve anlatılır. Dil bir yônùyle bir milletin tarihinde meydana gelen maddi ve manevi değerlerin anlatım aracıdır. Millet bu değerler etrafında kenetlenir ve hayatiyetini devam ettirir. BoĢnak ve Tùrk halkı Nasreddin Hoca etrafında birçok kùltùrel değer oluĢturmuĢ ve bunu nesilden nesile aktara gelmiĢlerdir. BoĢnak bir ôğrenci Tùrkçe dersinde Nasreddin Hoca‘nın ağzından duyduğu bir fıkrayı her zaman sempati ve ilgiyle dinleyecektir. Çùnkù Nasreddin Hoca ona gôre BoĢnak‘tır ve kendi kùltùrùnùn bir parçasıdır. Kendi kùltùrùnùn bir parçası olan Nasreddin Hoca ile beraber Tùrkçe ôğrenmek her zaman motive edici olacaktır. Yabancı olmadığı bir kùltùrù benimsemesi ve bôylelikle bu dili kolayca ôğrenmesi mùmkùn olacaktır. Sonuç olarak Ģunları sôyleyebiliriz: Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının hemen hemen bùtùnùnde sadece BoĢnak halkının değil, bùtùn dùnya insanların ortak sorunları genel ôzellikleriyle ele alınır. Nasreddin Hoca‘nın tùm dùnyada kabul gôrmesinin en ônemli nedenlerinden biri de budur. Tùm insanlık, sorunlarının ustaca çôzùmùnù 1385 �1st International Conference on Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo bu fıkralarda bulur. Bu fıkralarda neredeyse ele alınmayan bir tip, ùzerinde durulmayan sosyal bir mesele yok gibidir (Bayraktar, Solak: 2010; 2). Nasreddin Hoca fıkraları BoĢnak halkı tarafından sahiplenilerek gùnùmùze kadar gelmiĢtir. Kùltùr ve ôzellikle de geleneksel sôzlù kùltùre sahip çıkma bakımından bu durum son derece ônemlidir. Bir diğer ônemli unsur ise fıkraların gùncellenerek geleceğe taĢınmasıdır. Geleneksel kùltùrùn canlı kalabilmesi, benimsenmesi onun gùncellenmesi ile mùmkùndùr (Ekici: 2009; 280). Konuya bu açıdan baktığımızda, Nasreddin Hoca BoĢnak halk geleneğinde kendini gùncellemiĢ ve çağ ùstù bir kimlik kazanmıĢtır. Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarındaki gùlme sadece sıradan bir refleks değildir. Bu bilinçli bir gùlmedir. Gùlen kiĢi bu yolla kendini ve karĢısındakini belli bir hoĢgôrù atmosferi içinde yargılar ve bu durumu yine hoĢgôrù ile çôzùme bağlar. Bu durum, BoĢnak halkının kendisiyle barıĢık olduğunu, komplekslerinden arındığını, kendi eksikliklerinin farkına varıp buna gùlebildiğini gôstermektedir. KiĢinin eksikliklerini fark etmesi, buna gùlebilmesi ve bununla ilgili çôzùm ùretmeye çalıĢması sağlıklı bir zihnin sonucudur (Kırman: 2005; 318). Kùltùrler arası ortak değerlerin dil ôğretimine katkısı tartıĢmasız bùyùktùr. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Nasreddin Hoca fıkraları BoĢnaklara Tùrkçe ôğretiminde bùyùk bir katkı sağlayacak zengin bir kaynak niteliği taĢımaktadır. Bosna Hersek sôzlù ve yazılı halk kùltùrùnde yaygın olarak bilinen, anlatılan ve zevkle dinlenen Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının sayısını bugùn için tespit etmeye çalıĢmak kolay değildir. Bu fıkraların sayısı her geçen gùn gelenek içerisinde daha da zenginleĢerek artmaktadır. Bizler sabrınızı daha fazla zorlamadan bundan sonraki sôzù BoĢnak ve Tùrk milletinin mizah kahramanı Nasreddin Hoca'ya bırakıyoruz: Koga je više Ono pitali Nasrudin-hodņu : '' Vjere ti, hodņa, znań li ti koga je vińe na svijetu, muńka ili ņenska? '' '' Vińe ņena '', odgovori Nasrudin-hodņa. '' Ama kako Ĥe to biti ? Otkuda ti znadeń, nisi ih valjda brojio? '' '' E '', veli hodņa, ja raĦunam ņenama i one ljude koji sluńaju ņene. (IsakoviĤ: 1984; 182) Kim Daha Çok Nasreddin Hoca'ya sormuĢlar: —Allah için hocam, sen biliyor musun, dùnyada kim daha fazla? Kadınlar mı, erkekler mi? Nasreddin Hoca cevap vermiĢ: —Kadınlar daha çok! —Ama bu nasıl olur? Saydın mı Hocam? —Eee demiĢ Hoca, ben, kadınları dinleyen erkekleri de sayıyorum. ĥuĤe se sutra Jedne noĤi poħe Nasrudin da krade i tako doħe duĤanu koji je bio zakatanĦen. Izvadi turpiju, poĦne turpijati. Uto naiħu straņari i zapitaju Nasrudina: ―Ńta to, hodņa, radiń?‖ A on im odgovori: ―Gudim.‖ I opet zapitaju straņari: ―A zańto ti se gusle ne Ħuju?‖ A hodņa im na to: ―ĥuĤe se sutra.‖ (IsakoviĤ: 1984; 143) 1386 �1st International Conference on Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo Yarın Duyulur Bir gece Nasreddin Hoca hırsızlığa çıkar. Kilitli bir dùkkânın ônùne gelir, tôrpùyù eline alır ve kilidi tôrpùlemeye baĢlar. Tam o sırada bekçi gelir. —Ne yapıyorsun Hoca? Hoca cevap verir: —Tôrpùlùyorum. Bekçi yine sorar: —Ama tôrpùnùn sesi çıkmıyor! Hoca da cevap verir: —Yarın sesi çıkar. Neka znaju vrijednost posuħene stvari Ko je god bilo ńta zatraņio od hodņe, on je obiĦavao dati mu to tek sutradan. Upitaju hodņu zańto tako Ħini a on im odgovori: ―Neka znaju vrijednost posuħene stvari!‖ (IsakoviĤ: 1984; 186) Ödünç Aldığın Emanetin Değerini Bileceksin Nasreddin Hoca‘dan kim ne istese hoca bir gùn sonra veriyormuĢ. Buna ĢaĢıran kôy halkı sormuĢlar: —Sen neden bôyle yapıyorsun Hocam? Hoca da cevap vermiĢ: —Aldıkların emanetin değerini bilsinler diye. Nasrudin Hodţa i ljekar Nasrudin-hodņa slomio se niz basamake, te se grdno udario u krsti i u obje ruke, pa odmah pońalje po heĤima, a kad heĤim doħe i reĦe mu da Ĥe ga izvidati, upita ga hodņa: ―Kaņi ti meni najprije jesi li se kada lomio niz basamake?‖ A ljekar kaņe da nije nikada, i ne dao Bog. Onda mu hodņa reĦe: ―Jok, jok! Ti me ne moņeń izvidati kad nisi padao, nego ili se hajde slomi oklen sam ja pao, ili naħi drugog heĤima, koji je padao niz basamake kao i ja.‖ (IsakoviĤ: 1984; 166) Nasreddin Hoca ve Doktor Nasreddin Hoca bir gùn merdivenden dùĢerek iki kolunu ve ayağını kırmıĢ. Bunun ùzerine hemen hocanın evine bir doktor çağrılır. Doktor çabucak geldi ve hocaya, onu bir an ônce iyileĢtireceğini sôyledi. Bunun ùzerine hoca hemen sordu: —Sen hiç benim gibi merdivenlerden dùĢùp bir yerini kırdın mı? Doktor: —Yok, kırmadım, Allah korusun! Bunun ùzerine hoca da cevap verdi: —Yok yok sen beni iyileĢtiremezsin. Ya git benim gibi bir yerden dùĢ; ya da benim gibi bir yerden dùĢen doktor bul! 1387 �1st International Conference on Foreign Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics May 5-7 2011 Sarajevo References BajraktareviĤ, Fehim; ―Nasredın Hodņın Problem‖, BońnjaĤka Knjıņevnost u Knjıņevnoj Krıtıcı, Sarajevo: 1998, s. 707–720. Barın, Erol; ―Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Nasrettin Hoca Fıkralarının Yeri‖ Tùrk Yurdu, Ankara: 2008, S 255, s. 61–63. Bayraktar, Zùlfikar; ―Nasreddin Hoca Fıkralarında Ġdeolojik YaklaĢımlar Sonucu Meydana Gelen DeğiĢimler‖, Uluslararası Tùrk Dùnyası Kùltùr Kurultayı Bildirileri, ÇeĢme–Ġzmir: 2006, C I, TĠKA Yayınları, Ankara: 2007, s. 353–358. Bayraktar, Zùlfikar; Edina Solak; ―Bosna Hersek‘te Nasreddin Hoca Fıkraları‖, KIBATEK 27. Uluslararası Edebiyat ġôleni, 5–6 Aralık, Ġzmir: 2010, s. 1–9 (YayınlanmamıĢ Bildiri). Bayraktar, Zùlfikar; Mizah Teorileri ve Mizah Teorilerine Gôre Nasreddin Hoca Fıkralarının Tahlili, Ege Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitùsù, Tùrk Dùnyası AraĢtırmaları, Tùrk Halk Bilimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Ġzmir: 2010. (BasılmamıĢ Doktora Tezi) Ekici, Metin; ―Gùlme Teorileri ve Nasreddin Hoca Fıkraları‖, 21. Yùzyılı Nasreddin Hoca Ġle Anlamak, [Uluslararası Sempozyum, 8–9 Mayıs, AkĢehir: 2008], Atatùrk Kùltùr Merkezi Yayınları, Ankara: 2009, s. 271– 280. IsakoviĤ, Alija; Nasrudin Hodņa, , Svjetlost, Sarajevo: 1984. Kırman, Ümral Deveci; ―Nasreddin Hoca Fıkralarında Eksikliğe Dayalı Gùlmeceyi Yaratan KarĢıtlıklar‖, I. Uluslararası AkĢehir Nasreddin Hoca Sempozyumu Bilgi ġôleni, 6–7 Temmuz, 2005–AkĢehir, s. 318–335. MuftıĤ, Edib; ―Nasrudin Hodņa ı Bońnjacı‖, BońnjaĤka Knjıņevnost u Knjıņevnoj Krıtıcı, Sarajevo: 1998, s. 721–729. TucakoviĤ, Ekrem; Pripovijesti o Nasrudin-Hodņi, Tugra, Sarajevo: 2009. Tùrkmen, Fikret; ―Nasreddin Hoca Fıkralarının Yayılma Sahaları‖, Tùrk Dili ve Edebiyatı AraĢtırmaları Dergisi, S 3, Ġzmir: 1984, s. 141–152. Tùrkmen, Fikret; Letâif-i Nasreddin Hoca (Burhaniye Tercùmesi)-Ġnceleme, ġerh, Kùltùr Bakanlığı Millî Folklor AraĢtırmaları Dairesi Yayınları, Ankara 1989. [Ġlaveli Ġkinci Baskı: ―Nasreddin Hoca Latifelerinin ġerhi (Burhaniye Tercùmesi) Transkripsiyon, Ġnceleme, Metin‖, - Akademi Kitabevi, Ġzmir 1999.] 1388 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 691 Title A name given to the resource BoĢnaklara Türkçe Öğretiminde Nasreddin Hoca Fikralarının Yeri Ve Önemi Author Author BAYRAKTAR, Zülfikar SÜMBÜLLÜ, Yusuf Ziya Abstract A summary of the resource. Yerelden evrensele uzanan yolda, tùm insanlığa mal olmuĢ mizah karakterimiz Nasreddin Hoca, bugùn sadece Anadolu‘da değil, tùm dùnyada tanınır ve fıkraları dilden dile anlatılır olmuĢtur. Biz, bu bildirimizde, Bosna Hersek‘te fıkraları anlatılan ve BoĢnak halkının sıkıntılarına, dertlerine ve sevinçlerine ortak olan Nasreddin Hoca fıkra tipini ele alarak, bu tipin BoĢnak kùltùrù içindeki yerini ve ônemini incelemeye çalıĢacağız. Bununla beraber, hem Tùrk, hem de BoĢnak halk kùltùrùnde hala canlılığını koruyan Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarının BoĢnaklara Tùrkçe ôğretiminde nasıl yararlı olabileceği ve bu fıkraların iki kùltùr arasında nasıl bir kôprù vazifesi gôrdùğù bildirimizin ana konusunu oluĢturacaktır. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011-05 Keywords Keywords. Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed P Philology. Linguistics https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/d170f26e47d4e87a2d9208c9412691f8.pdf 600e89353aac4c89260b3c2ee7db8877 PDF Text Text God. 1, Br. 1 (2015/16) Book of Abstracts 2015/2016 Publications Office Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina �BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2015 – 2016), Sarajevo, BiH Publisher: International Burch University Editor: Ajdin MEKIĆ Printed by: International Burch University Circulation: 15 copies Place of Publication: Sarajevo Copyright: International Burch University, 2016 ISSN: 2566-4670 International Burch University Francuske revolucije bb Sarajevo Tel. +387 33 944 400 Email: info@ibu.edu.ba 1 71 210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina Fax +387 33 944 500 Web: www.ibu.edu.ba �I PART: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences 2 �THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EFFECTIVENESS OF NGOS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY Ali Coskun International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ali.coskun@ibu.edu.ba Hasan Metin University for Business and Technology Pristina Abstract This study aims to investigate the effect of leadership and organizational culture on organizational effectiveness of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). In the study, after a comprehensive literature review, an empirical study by means of a survey questionnaire has been conducted to find out the effect of leadership and organizational culture on effectiveness. In the study, organizational culture is conceptualized as motivational climate within the organization, the atmosphere that relies on trust and confidence and willingness of members to take responsibility and the leadership is analyzed in terms of being democratic, respecting others, being participative in decision making and taking risks when necessary. The effectiveness of NGOs refers to the achievement of the previously set objectives, using benchmarking as an indicator, and diversifying the sources of revenue. The results obtained from the survey show that organizational culture and leadership both have positive effects on effectiveness of NGOs. Key words: Effectiveness, Leadership, NGO, Organizational Culture, Volunteerism. 3 �THE MICROFINANCE TALE: THE BRIGHT AND DARK SIDES OF THE NARRATIVE BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA EXPERIENCES (CHAPTER 17) Ali Coskun International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ali.coskun@ibu.edu.ba Zehra Mahmutović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zehra.mahmutovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract In recent years, microfinance institutions have gained great attention and were described as the most “attractive” mode of financing for developing nations. Inspired by a quote that, “You start thinking about the beginning once you arrive at the end,” this study attempts to rewind and provide a brief revision of the microfinance system within the developing settings of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The whole story traces back to the deepest convictions of Muhammad Yunus, a Bangladeshi banker, that the right to get a loan should be included in the sequence of basic human rights as well as his contribution to the poverty reduction challenge through the establishment of Grameen Bank (the bank for the poor) in 1976. Today, when we all are witnesses that his idea was pretty sustainable, and are tirelessly discussing it as the greatest innovation of the last century, there is a necessity to draw a comparison between the initial idea and its realisation, and decipher to what extent the realisation is consistent or not. In this study, we inspected whether microfinance institutions have “turned back” from their original mission of providing financial support for small entrepreneurs, based on the experiences of the clientele in Bosnia and Herzegovina, a developing country in Southeast Europe (SEE). Furthermore, it seeks answers for the open question: has the initial idea of fighting poverty become a stumbling block, making the poor even poorer, or a work-only solution for the enormous rate of unemployment in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Key words: Microfinance, Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), Microcredit Organisations (MCOs), Poverty, Debt, Developing, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 4 �BEHAVIORAL FINANCE PERSPECTIVE ON MANAGERIAL DECISION MAKING UNDER RISK IN COMMERCIAL BANKS Ali Coskun International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ali.coskun@ibu.edu.ba Amra Halaba International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Decision making is the most important and the most difficult task that managers perform. On the other side they are most of the time confronted with risk and uncertainty, especially in banking industry. Objective of this study is to examine how managers of commercial banks performs this task, by putting it in the perspective of the newest findings from Behavioral finance field. Behavioral finance is based on premise that decision makers behave less than fully rational. Due to their deeply rooted human nature managers are prone to make decisions based on subjective evaluation of available options, relative to certain reference point and to current state of wealth, and also according to their personal interests which may contradict bank`s, industry`s and social welfare`s. Specifically, this study explores role of heuristics, biases and intuition in decision making, through concise review of existing literature. Importance of the study is in a fact that commercial banks are simultaneously the most important industry for country`s economic development and stability and the most submissive industry to the risk. Owing to systematic nature of risk generally in financial markets, any irregularity in one country`s banking industry will eventually reflect on other countries and is able to make ground for crisis. Study will contribute to better understanding of managerial perception of risk and their behavior under risk, which is primarily useful for architects of banks` corporate governance and banks` regulative. As we will see, setting identical option in two different frames leads to different decisions, which opens up possibilities to construct an environment in such a manner that decision makers are naturally led to make decisions that are in the best interest of all stakeholders involved. Keywords: Behavioral Finance, Decision Making, Risk in Banking, Commercial Bank 5 �MACD - ANALYSIS OF WEAKNESSES OF THE MOST POWERFUL TECHNICAL ANALYSIS TOOL Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Due to the huge popularization of the stock trading amongst youth, in the recent years more and more of trading and brokerage houses are trying to find a one ‘easy to understand’ tool for the novice traders. Moving average convergence divergence seems to be the main pick and unfortunately inexperienced traders are relying on this one tool for analysis and trading of various securities. In this paper, I will investigate the validity of MACD as the ‘magic wand’ when solely used in investment trading decision making. The main limitation of this study is that it could be used more widely across industries and various sizes of companies, funds, and other trading instruments. Keywords: Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD); Technical Analysis; Signal and Profit Relation; Stock Market Trading; Profitability 6 �BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF A DEVELOPING MARKETS STOCK EXCHANGE MERGERS: CASE OF A BORSA ISTANBUL AND SARAJEVO STOCK EXCHANGE Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Whether due to mentality or the lack of investment ‘culture’, but people in the Balkans have certain repulsion towards investing in financial instruments offered by the local exchanges. Based on the public opinion one can conclude that most of the people are reluctant to invest in the financial instruments because they can’t rely on the trustworthiness and credibility of the local exchanges, due to corruption scandals, misconduct and wrongdoings that happened in the recent history. Since its inception, Sarajevo Stock Exchange has been suffering from extremely low volume and poor investment liquidity that in the end resulted with choppiness and overall instability in the market. Turkey’s main stock exchange, Borsa Istanbul, which is 80 times larger than SASE, has openly expressed interest in direct cooperation with Sarajevo Stock Exchange and that strategic move can certainly reduce or even eliminate problems local investors face. This study examines the effect of benefits and costs of the cooperation between Borsa Istanbul and Sarajevo Stock Exchange (SASE). Multiple facets of the benefits and costs are examined and their effect on the macro and micro scale. Macro effects of the raising stake of Borsa Istanbul in SASE include effects on government, municipality and overall economic level, while micro effect is the direct effect to the ‘end-consumer’, a small investor. The secondary data will be used in analysis of benefits to costs with the side by side comparison and eventual derivation of the Benefit/Cost ratio (BCR) that will test the hypothesis that benefits highly outweigh the costs in this cooperation. The research shows that raising the stake of Borsa Istanbul in SASE will bring a new level of professionalism and trust in a corruption and unprofessionalism ridden SASE. In addition Borsa Istanbul will open new market horizons to investors from Bosnia and as an outcome we should see and increase in market liquidity, trading volume and even the BDP of both countries. Keywords: Emerging Stock Markets, Cross Listing, Stock Market Merger 7 �LIMITATIONS AND INCONSISTENCIES OF STANDALONE USAGE OF STOCHASTICS INDICATOR IN STOCK TRADING Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Elvisa Buljubašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elvisa.buljubasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Due to the huge popularization of the stock trading amongst youth, in the recent years more and more of trading and brokerage houses are trying to find a one ‘easy to understand’ tool for the novice traders. The purpose of this study is to analyze one of the ‘magic tools’ of trading called Slow Stochastics. Authors plan to examine limitations and inconsistencies when using Stochastics as a sole determinant of investment decisions. Slow Stochastics or simply Stochastics indicator seems to be the one of the main picks and unfortunately inexperienced traders are relying on this one tool for analysis and trading of various securities. Secondary data will be used to analyze the signal strength and profit relation using regression and paired sample t-test. The outcome of the study was that Stochastics indicator is highly unreliable due to a very weak coefficient of determination hence the tool should be used only when coupled with other technical analysis indicators. The main limitation of this study is that it could be used more widely across industries and various sizes of companies, funds, and other trading instruments. On the other side, future researches could use this study as a base line for deeper analyses of Stochastics as well as creation of the custom made or industry specific indicators. Keywords: Slow Stochastics, Technical Analysis, Signal and Profit relation, Stock Market Trading, Profitability 8 �IMPACT OF HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICE QUALITY ON STUDENT SATISFACTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON LOYALTY: FOCUS ON FIRST CYCLE OF STUDIES AT ACCREDITED HEI IN BH Emina Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate relationship between higher education service quality and student loyalty through student satisfaction. Secondary goals are to examine influence of each five dimensions individually on student satisfaction, effect of perceived value on student satisfaction and impact of student satisfaction on loyalty. Eight variables are identified from the literature and survey will be developed accordingly. For all variables, there are previously developed scales which are validated by many researchers and highly reliable. For purposes of analyzing methodology, Structural Equation Modeling will be applied. Direct, positive, and significant effect is expected to occur between all relationships in the proposed model. Main limitations that might occur while implementing this study are related to insufficient response rate and time limits. Keywords: Higher Education, Service Quality, Satisfaction, Loyalty 9 �THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA-GEORGIA WAR IN SOUTH OSSETIA AND THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ON THE EXPORT OF GEORGIA Ahmet Sekretar International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmet.sekretar@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Russia-Georgia conflict in South Ossetia caused a war in 2008 and during the same year Georgia had struggled to the quickly-following global financial crisis. The researcher tries to estimate the economical loss of the export of Georgia due to Russia-Georgia war however existing of the global financial crisis at the same time period is imposed on researcher to analyze two important events together. The war lasted only five days but politics and economy of Georgia were affected seriously. This war caused on no serious damage of country’s infrastructure however it resulted in critical damage in terms of industry, construction projects, tourism, agriculture, and export. This paper aims to find out the effects of the Russia-Georgia war in South Ossetia and 2008 global financial crisis on the export of Georgia by using statistical and econometric analysis. Keywords: Russia-Georgia War, Financial Crisis, Export 10 �MEASURING THE EFFECT OF TRADE OPENNESS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN CASE OF GEORGIA Ahmet Sekretar International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmet.sekretar@ibu.edu.ba Azer Dilanchev Abstract In contemporary world it have been accepted that entrepreneurship is one of the main life-force of modern economic growth. It became extensively researched and an important concept in academic society. The Georgian government has been trying to encourage entrepreneurship development by supporting the development of small and medium enterprises in the country, conducting liberal reforms, and encouraging openness for doing business. The contribution of trade openness on economic growth has been the subject of several theoretical and empirical studies in the economic literature. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and empirically reveal the importance of trade openness on entrepreneurship development in case of Georgia. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Trade openness, Economic growth 11 �WHAT DETERMINES POST-IPO MARKET PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH IPOS Ahmet Sekretar International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmet.sekretar@ibu.edu.ba Fatih Macit Selver Seda Esra Simsek Abstract In this paper we investigate the determinants of the short-run post-IPO market performance of IPO stocks for Turkish markets. We looked at various firm specific accounting and IPO related variables namely the ratio of operating profit to total sales, the ratio of total debt to total assets, IPO size, public float, the ratio of shares that are purchased by foreign investors, and the market value to book value ratio. We find that IPO size appears to be the most important variable in determining the post-IPO market performance of IPO stocks. Large IPO's tend to have a better post-IPO market performance. Besides that firms with a larger debt ratio are expected to show a better performance in the short-run. It is seen that as public float increases IPOs tend to show a poorer performance. Keywords: Post-IPO performance, Turkish stock market 12 �REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE BALKAN REGION Teoman Duman International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina teoman.duman@ibu.edu.ba Merdžana Obralić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina merdzana.obralic@ibu.edu.ba Erkan Ilgün Uğur Ergun Abstract This edited volume brings together original scientific studies on current economic and developmental issues in the Balkan region, and is composed of papers by 25 authors from seven different countries. The Balkan region has gained significant interest in recent years due to its location and strategic position, representing a doorway to Europe, and the region’s stability and progress have direct consequences on various European countries. Because of this strategic position, there is currently much debate regarding a potential partnership of the Balkan states with the European Union. This book offers insights into the current economic and developmental status of the countries in this region, offering a series of chapters that analyse the area from a variety of perspectives. It begins with a discussion on the recent history of the region, especially with reference to the former Yugoslavia and its break-up after the turbulence experienced in 1990s. Other sections are complementary to each other in that they offer comparisons of the Balkan states in their economic progress at the micro and macro levels. Topics such as European integration policies and effects, economic transition, regional trade, tax incentive policy, regional capital markets, regional development agencies and systems, remittances and foreign aid contributions, import-export policies, fiscal policies, analysis of regional microfinance, and the tourism sectors are explored in detail throughout the book 13 �IMPACT OF LEASING PERFORMANCE FACTORS ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION; EMPHASIS ON VB LEASING Merdžana Obralić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina merdzana.obralic@ibu.edu.ba Almir Ljeskovica International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Main objective of this study is to identify key Leasing performance factors that influence customer satisfaction in VB Leasing and other leasing companies. On the basis of literature review, eight independent and one dependent variable have been identified, and specific measuring items were developed accordingly. Structured survey was prepared on the basis of mentioned measuring items to measure related variables, and it was used as main instrument in this study. Survey has been sent in online form to clients of VB Leasing via e-mail and social networks. Out of 250 managers who received the survey, 200 respondents completed it which gives response rate of 80%. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics in excel, but main methodology was regression analysis using SPSS. The findings indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between Processing Speed (PS), Form Simplicity (FS), Image of Leasing Company (CI), Communication with Company (CC), Annuity Ammount (AA) and Grace Period (GP) on Customer Satisfaction (CS). On the other hand, there is no relationship between Interest Ammount (IA) and Down Payment (DP) with Customer Satisfaction (CS). Research is completed in one company operating in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and it is suggested for future research to do the study considering more companies, to test more different independent variables and do the research in all cantons of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entity Republic Srpska and District Brčko. Main objective of this study is to identify key Leasing performance factors that influence customer satisfaction in VB Leasing and other leasing companies. On the basis of literature review, eight independent and one dependent variable have been identified, and specific measuring items were developed accordingly. Structured survey was prepared on the basis of mentioned measuring items to measure related variables, and it was used as main instrument in this study. Survey has been sent in online form to clients of VB Leasing via e-mail and social networks. Out of 250 managers who received the survey, 200 respondents completed it which gives response rate of 80%. Responses were analyzed 14 �using descriptive statistics in excel, but main methodology was regression analysis using SPSS. The findings indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between Processing Speed (PS), Form Simplicity (FS), Image of Leasing Company (CI), Communication with Company (CC), Annuity Ammount (AA) and Grace Period (GP) on Customer Satisfaction (CS). On the other hand, there is no relationship between Interest Ammount (IA) and Down Payment (DP) with Customer Satisfaction (CS). Research is completed in one company operating in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and it is suggested for future research to do the study considering more companies, to test more different independent variables and do the research in all cantons of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entity Republic Srpska and District Brčko. Keywords: Leasing, VB Leasing, Performance, Customer Satisfaction 15 �THE IMPACT OF VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING TO MODERN BUSINESS Merdžana Obralić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina merdzana.obralic@ibu.edu.ba Aida Habul School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo, University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina aida.habul@efsa.unsa.ba Miza Habul The Audit Office for Institutions of FBiH Bosnia and Herzegovina Dario Frimel School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo, University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Nowadays, the increasing application of information technology in modern business and life in general, virtualization and cloud computing are new solutions designed to increase the level of system abstraction and degree of utilization of computer performance. New technologies offer the flexibility, the ability to adapt workloads resources and to realize cost savings of IT infrastructure in terms of administration and support costs. The period when the big companies had a monopoly and control over resources and information are far behind us and the only companies to survive in the future are „smart “ companies. This paper defines the terms virtualization and cloud computing and explains its importance as the challenge of rapid success and growth of the company. Special attention is focused on the savings and its benefits. The advantages of application virtualization and cloud computing are numerous only in case they are implemented in the right way, although many managers have doubts about this technology. The data is obtained through an online survey which was conducted in the companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as data Forrester Research that determined the current level of application of virtualization and cloud computing in the world and companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Besides, it pointed out the guidelines of the future steps. 80 International Conference on 16 �Economic and Social Studies Application of virtualization and cloud computing depend on the will of societies, organizations and people in order to understand this concept that deals with many issues and problems. It is not only knowledge on technology that is enough to solve these issues and problems. Keywords: Information Technology - IT, Virtualization, Cloud Computing, Intelligent Company, IT Infrastructure 17 �IMPLEMENTATION METHODS AND TOOLS FOR CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN SME Merdžana Obralić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina merdzana.obralic@ibu.edu.ba Aida Habul School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo, University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina aida.habul@efsa.unsa.ba Dževad Šašić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina dzevad.sasic@fu.unsa.ba Abstract Economic progress and growth give an incessant impulse to the companies to focus their attention to the competitiveness in quality beside the price or market value competitiveness. The management should insist on never-ceasing quality improvement of their products so that the consumers will not turn to other companies, your competitors, in order to fully satisfy their needs. In order to improve the quality it is necessary to dispose of data signifying particular presence of quality in the production processes. By using statistics methods and data may be made easily accessible and prepared for further analysis. Statistical methods and tools serve as assistance the management may use in order to make decisions on quality improvement, that is measuring, analysing and improving business processes further on. With the aim of providing a profound understanding of its use, purpose and goal, this paper gives empirical analysis of small and medium enterprises in Bosnia –Herzegovina in order to elaborate the importance and significance of application of these methods and tools. Keywords: Quality Management, Methods and Tools, Continuous Improvement of the Quality Management System 18 �EXPLORING THE DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Nataša Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina natasa.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Over the course of the past two decades peripheral European economies in the Balkans and in Eastern Europe have experienced significant structural changes and have adapted to the global economic environment. Agriculture and the processing, using and trading of agricultural products play an important role in their economies. This volume covers several issues facing the contemporary agricultural sector in these countries, such as the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, the identification of an opinion leader portrait in agriculture, the characteristics of using Information and Communication Technologies as tools in the partnerships and internal processes of enterprises throughout the whole agro-food supply chain, the increased need of small-scale artisanal food businesses to seek new markets abroad, the perceptions of Greek olive oil importers in the UK, the barriers that Greek yogurt entrepreneurs face during their export activities, the reasons for the differences in economic performance and the role of tangible and less tangible factors influencing development outcomes. It will be of interest to researchers studying economic development, agricultural economists, businesses active in the primary sector and students of applied economic analysis. 19 �PERCEIVED SATISFACTION WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE: CASE STUDY OF GRAS Nataša Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina natasa.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Haris Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Public service quality is in recent years one of the major challenges for economic analysis. It is due to the size of companies providing public services as well as to the importance of obtained results both for companies offering the services and for the public policy creators and administrators. One of the aspects that can be evaluated is the level of service offered or the supply side. The other side is the perceived satisfaction with the service quality, which represents the demand side aspect. There is not much research that analyzes how the passengers perceive the quality of the services. The objective of this paper is two folded. Firstly, to evaluate the quality of GRAS services from the aspect of users and secondly to see what needs to be improved in order for non-users or people who rarely use public transport to become regular users. The information is valuable for policy makers as well as operational managers in the public transport system. An insight into what users consider as important and how they perceive existing public transport service can show that investment and improvement of existing service can really attract new users and keep the existing ones. The data were collected using self-administered internet mediated questionnaires to the residents of Sarajevo Canton. In total 247 persons answered the questionnaire. The response rate was above 50 per cent. The results showed that there is wide space for improvements in service, especially if the company is trying to reach non-users. Keywords: Public Transportation, Services, Satisfaction 20 �SUPPORTING THE THEORY ON THE POTENTIALS OF IMMOBILE RESOURCES FOR CREATING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN RURAL AREAS Nataša Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina natasa.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Sabahudin Bajramović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract For many years rural was associated with population decline, degradation of the countryside, population aging, gender inequality, increased unemployment and poverty. However, recent research emphasise that there are peripheral areas that perform good or even better than urban areas which leads to the concept of “differential performance” between rural areas which exist in relatively similar conditions related to geography, location, available natural resources, policies, etc. It is obvious that traditional theories related to rural-urban development processes, cannot explain those performance differences of rural areas with similar characteristics. In this study the authors are presenting key aspects of main development theories that can be conected to the development of rural areas. Likewise, they present the model and significant research efforts supporting the theory on the potentials of immobile resources for creating competitive advantages in rural areas and possibility for economic development (also known as Bryden's theory). In this context, immobile resources are including natural, built, human, social and cultural capital. Keywords: Rural Development, Theories, Immobile Resources 21 �SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA – CASE STUDY Nataša Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina natasa.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Sabahudin Bajramović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract In Bosnia and Herzegovina some rural municipalities with similar population density are very different regarding key demographic and economic indicators like migration, unemployment and average wages. According to the existing studies in Europe the answer for differential economic performance is firstly in the potential of local community to recognize, strengthen and utilize less mobile assets in the form of economic, social, cultural and natural capital. Secondly, researchers point to the synergy between those assets and external networking and using information and communications technology in reaching new markets and resources. Understanding the reasons for differential economic performance and more or less competitiveness in rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina could thus be a key element in devising practical strategies and programs for sustainable rural development. This could also contribute to the programming of Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance for Rural Development of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the future. The aim of the study is by comparing the most and least developed rural municipalities to investigate the reasons for the differences in economic performance, in particular, to investigate the role of capitals or tangible and less tangible factors influencing development outcomes. In order to achieve that, the authors have chosen high and low performing municipalities according to the criteria of population density, rurality and proximity to large city. In order to have more clear picture, community profiling is conducted and data was collected by surveying community stakeholders. The analysis showed that in high performing municipality all capitals are 22 �accessible and properly utilized with space for improvement while low performing municipality has many problems and higher need for change and new strategy of development. Keywords: Rural development, Community Capitals, Municipality 23 �INFLUENCE OF NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON FORMING COUNTRY IMAGE AND DEVELOPING THE COUNTRY BRAND USING PUBLIC DIPLOMACY Mehmet Turker International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmedin@hotmail.com Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Country image and nation branding provide a competitive advantage for small and medium-sized enterprises in their internationalization. This paper analyzes the influence of Turkish nongovernmental organizations on forming country image of Turkey and developing the country brand using public diplomacy in the African continent. The published interviews and statements of Turkish and African politicians, business people and intellectuals argue that these organizations are effectively using public diplomacy to create the country brand. This paper focuses on the most active organization, the Confederation of Businessmen and Industrialists of Turkey (TUSKON) which supports to its members in communicating with their potential customers in several occasions, and having a differentiating statement and a competitive advantage by promoting the brand image of the country. This civil society support is significant, especially for the small and medium enterprises of developing countries, when considered the weak international image and reputation of these countries. Keywords: Employers’ Organizations; Internationalization of SME; Country image; Public Diplomacy; Nation Brand 24 �THE PERCEPTION OF INFORMATIONAL BARRIERS TO THE INTERNATIONALISATION OF BOTH MICRO-SMALL SIZED AND MEDIUMSIZED ENTERPRISES Mehmet Turker International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmedin@hotmail.com Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper addresses informational barriers to the internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises. Analysing the survey conducted to the owners of 235 small and medium-sized enterprises in Turkey, we argue the informational barriers such as inability to contact potential overseas customers, identifying foreign business opportunities, lack of knowledge of external markets, and different foreign customer habits and attitudes are key barriers while language differences is not a key barrier. Moreover, the findings show that all these barriers are positively correlated with each other. The findings also point out that the perceptions of informational barriers faced by firms are negatively correlated with company size. Keywords: Informational Barriers, SME Internationalisation, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises 25 �PRIMING THE NATION FOR WAR: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCE AND DISCURSIVE MACHINATIONS OF THE SERB DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN PREWAR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA Adis Maksić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adis.maksic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This article examines the role of the Serb Democratic Party of Bosnia-Herzegovina (SDS BiH) in the constitution of Bosnian Serbs as a palpable political group primed for violence, a process that took place in the two-year period preceding the 1992–1995 Bosnian War. In the November 1990 Bosnian elections, SDS BiH won a decisive majority of the vote of ethnic Serbs. Yet, SDS was not an ordinary political party. In the 16 months that followed the elections, it initiated a series of activities that eroded the power of BiH institutions to which it had been elected. SDS BiH declared its own organs superior to those of BiH and established exclusive control in Serb-majority areas. In early 1992, it united these areas into a single Serb Republic, formed an exclusively Serb armed force, and launched a campaign of murder and expulsion of non-Serbs from the territory under its control. This article examines discursive mobilization of affective sensibilities of ethnic Serbs as an important aspect of SDS's ability to gain a mass following of Bosnian Serbs for its ethno-territorial engineering. It offers a discussion of progressive homogenization of ethnic Serbs by looking at SDS's organizational origins and the evolving rhetorical strategies in the period from the party's inception until the onset of the war. 26 �PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS IT SECURITY IN ONLINE BANKING BY STUDENTS OF ALBANIA Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Nedim Makarević Embassy of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Pakistan Abstract Handling money with no physical contact has been enormously developed in previous decades. However, developing new methods of handling money transactions online did not mean only new way of managing money for clients, but new ways of online robbery as well. Possibility of stealing money with no physical contact and any tangible evidence remaining after that is terrifying for clients. The purpose of this paper was to analyze perceptions of Albanian students who are using online banking, to provide insight into their view points and to create important set of information for all subjects active in banking industry. Results are collected and concluded after preparing survey based on six variables and speci c questions assigned to each one of those variables. Survey was completed at high response rate. Even 207 Albanian students replied to survey. Results were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics. Limitations of this research are relatively small sample and quite generic approach to problem. Accordingly, suggestions for future researches would be based on going more deeply into the issue and analyzing larger samples. This research empirically proved that students of Albania were slightly concerned and careful when dealing with online trans-actions. Since there is gap in literature when it comes to research dealing with IT-security of online banking in Albania, this article is not only unique, but it may be stimuli for new research with different approaches in the future. Keywords: Perceptions, IT security, Survey, Online Banking, Clients, Albania 27 �PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS TOWARDS QUALITY OF SERVICES AT PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Edin Smajić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Aldina Rastoder International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Ekrem Nurović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The main objective of this exploratory study is to provide insights into perceptions of students towards quality of services at private higher education institution Star, located in B&H. A survey as a main instrument has been developed, and 448 students participated in the study. Main methodology used for purpose of data analysis is descriptive statistics. Findings indicated that students are either “slightly satisfied” or “satisfied” when it comes to nine aspects of quality at higher education Star. The highest satisfaction level appeared when it comes to “Quality of Academic Staff” which means that this is definitely one of important strengths of the institution. Even though students are still satisfied with “Quality of Campus”, the satisfaction level appeared to be lowest compared to their satisfaction with other variables examined throughout this study. Relevant recommendations for higher education institution are provided in the conclusion. Keywords: Quality; Higher Education Institution (HEI); Quality Management; Quality Management System (QMS); Indicators 28 �THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FOSTERING INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Nedim Čelebić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nedim.celebic@ibu.edu.ba Aziz Šunje School of Economics and Business University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Ermin Cero Abstract This study researches state of the innovation system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, analyzed through role of the government in innovation activities. Study was based on combination of quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. Quantitative research resulted in comparative analysis of government support to innovation in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the same in Croatia and Sweden, based on selected groups of indicators. Best suited method that ensures detailed understanding of complex perceptions of government role in innovation systems within the economy is qualitative method, therefore the emphasis of this study was on the field research for the purpose of which eleven semi-structured interviews have been conducted and analyzed. Based on the results of the quantitative (comparative) and qualitative analysis of the collected data, we can conclude that government support and involvement in innovation activities in Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost insignificant, and administrative and legal framework in Bosnia and Herzegovina are unfavorable for the development of innovations. Keywords: Innovation, Innovation Systems, Government, Bosnia and Herzegovina 29 �ROLE OF PERCEPTION IN THE STRATEGIC MAKING PROCESS: CASE OF THE MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Nedim Čelebić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nedim.celebic@ibu.edu.ba Aziz Šunje School of Economics and Business University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Dženan Kulović University of Zenica Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Middle management together with top management plays an important role in some of strategic decision-making phases. The purpose of the research is to test the theoretical model typology of four strategic roles by middle management in enterprises underdeveloped markets such as the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim is to explore the perceptions and knowledge of top and middle managers and their roles in the strategic decision making. To test the empirical model, examined 135 middle and top managers in 30 medium-sized enterprises in the Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina. In order to test the stated hypothesis, we used correlation and linear regression as statictical methods. The study showed that middle and top managers do not have the same perception of the role of middle management in the strategic decision making. The analysis found that the perception of middle and top managers and role of middle management in the strategic decision making almost completely wrong. Keywords: Strategic Decision Making; Middle Management; Medium Enterprises; Delegating; Perception; 30 �THE IMPACTS OF ETHICAL CLIMATE TYPES ON NURSES’ BEHAVIORS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Alma Hurić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract BACKGROUND: The performance of nurses has become vital in hospitals. Some studies have suggested that nurses' perceptions of the ethical climate in their hospitals are related to higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment and in turn lessen the issue of nursing shortage. HYPOTHESIS: (1) The ethical climate types "caring," "independent," "law and code," and "rules" have a significant positive impact on overall job satisfaction. (2) The ethical climate types and overall job satisfaction have significant positive influences on normative and affective and significant negative influences on continuance commitment. RESEARCH DESIGN: The study uses path analysis to understand which types of ethical climate impact overall job satisfaction. It also tries to find the effect of different types of ethical climate and overall job satisfaction on the components of organizational commitment. The relationships between variables were evaluated using factor analysis, reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression in this study. PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT: A total of 171 useful questionnaires were collected from nurses working in public and private hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 31 �ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: Formal research approval was obtained from the administration of each study hospital. Questionnaires with a cover letter were mailed to the hospitals that agreed to participate in the study. In the cover letter, the researchers explained the study purpose, encouraged nurses' voluntary participation, and guaranteed the anonymity of participants. FINDINGS: In the first path analyses, "rules" and "caring" climates significantly and positively affected overall job satisfaction. In the second one, while overall job satisfaction and "rules" climate significantly influenced normative commitment, "caring" climate and overall job satisfaction significantly affected affective commitment. DISCUSSION: The findings of the study have been convenient with the literature. CONCLUSION: Public and private hospitals can enhance overall job satisfaction and organizational commitment by altering the ethical climate of organizations. Hospital administrations should nurture caring and rule types of ethical climate which influence overall satisfaction. By this way, they could reduce nursing shortage. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina; Ethical Climate Types; Hospitals; Organizational Commitment Components; Overall Job Satisfaction 32 �THE IMPACT OF PERSONAL ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORM, AND PERCEIVED BEHAVIOURAL CONTROL ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF WOMEN Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Semira Budić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract In the last decade, female entrepreneurship has been identified as one of the most important unutilised sources of economic growth. Entrepreneurial intention of women has become a key element in establishing a new business. The factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of women, particularly in developing countries, have attracted curiosity lot of attention. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between demographic variables, personal attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, and entrepreneurial intentions of women in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 216 questionnaires were collected from women in two big cities in Bosnia: Tuzla and Sarajevo. Relationships between the variables were evaluated using factor analysis, reliability, correlations, descriptive statistics, and regression. The findings show a positive and significant influence of personal attitude and perceived behavioural control on entrepreneurial intention. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intention of Women, Personal Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioural Control, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 33 �ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE’S JOB SATISFACTION: THE CASE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Hamidullah Bayram International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The impact and type of effective leadership has a significant role in the improvement of organizational performance. This study has been conducted to indicate the importance of transformational leadership style on employees’ job satisfaction. The aim of this study is to describe the relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction at private universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A sample of 150 employees responded to a three-part instrument from two private universities in Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Factor analysis, means, standard deviations, correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings determined that a moderate, positive and significant relationship exists between the dimensions transformational leadership and employees’ job satisfaction for both work of nature and operating condition. This study suggests that leaders at the private universities should pay more attention to findings new analytical ways for old problems and describing the demand of followers. Keywords: Transformational Leadership; Job satisfaction and Bosnia and Herzegovina. 34 �THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A STUDY OF NURSES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Alma Hurić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Aldina Rastoder International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The performance of nurses has become vital in hospitals. Some studies have suggested that nurses' perceptions of the ethical climate in their hospitals have relationship with higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment and thus influence organizational performance. Although a plenty of studies support this relationship in developed countries, there is a scarce empirical evidence in developing countries. This study tries to examine the relationship among the ethical climate, job satisfaction and organizational commitment of nurses in Bosnia and Herzegovina which is a developing and transitional country. 171 useful questionnaires were collected from nurses who are working in public hospitals. The relationships among variables were evaluated by descriptive statistics and correlations. The study demonstrated a strong and significant relationship among nurses' job satisfaction, organizational commitment and ethical climate of hospitals. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ethical Climate, Hospitals, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment. 35 �THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: A STUDY OF PRIVATE PRIMARY AND HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Hatice Senyurt International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract As a recent modern concept, ethical leadership inspires researchers in many ways. Relations between ethical leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors, though a new field of study, is a big mine that requires some digging. The so-called extra-role or pro-social actions of employees is called the organizational citizenship behavior meaning that whatever extra job they do than what they are supposed to do is within Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Namely, how the school teacher's perception of his/her superior's ethical behavior influences the organizational citizenship behavior has evoked curiosity in the developing country context. This study tries to examine the effects of the ethical leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior of private primary and high school teachers in Bosnia and Herzegovina which is a developing and transitional country. Data collected from 80 teachers. The relationship among multiple variables is evaluated on the basis of factor analysis, reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations, and linear regression. The study showed a positive and strong influence of ethical leadership on teachers' organizational citizenship behavior in private primary and high schools. Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Ethical Leadership, Factor Analysis, Correlation, Regression 36 �THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, GENDER AND PERFORMANCE IN FINANCE SECTOR Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Azra Prašović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract In today’s competitive business, the performance of employees has become vital in finance sector. Some studies have suggested that employees’ perceptions of the transformational leadership and gender in their organizations have relationship with organizational performance. Although a plenty of studies support this relationship in developed countries, there is a scarce empirical evidence in developing countries. This study tries to examine the effects of the transformational leadership and gender perceptions on performance in Bosnia and Herzegovina which is a developing and transitional country. Questionnaires will be distributed to 150 employees in finance sector. The relationships among variables will be evaluated by factor analysis, reliability, descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finance Sector, Gender, Transformational Leadership 37 �HOW WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND WORK VALUES DIFFER FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Muzaffer Aydemir Yildiz Technical University Turkey Mehmet Çağlar Abstract Today many workers from different generations work together in the same businesses and workplaces. Since different generations have different characteristics and their expectations from work and life differ from each other, generational differences make it hard to manage human resources of businesses. Allocation of human resources plays a key role for an effective human resources management. Thus, management needs to know expectations and motivators of generational cohorts for an effective management. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences among generations, which are " Traditionalist " , " Baby Boomers " , " Generation X " and " Generation Y " , in their " Work-life Balance " and " Work Values ". A study was carried out in different companies among 842 workers. The data was gathered with a questionnaire. The analysis results briefly show that generational differences have impact on workers' work values but do not on their work-life balances. 38 �THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG PERSONAL BACKGROUND, PERSONALITY TRAITS, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENSION OF WOMEN IN NORTHERN MONTENEGRO Muhammet Said Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Minela Hadžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Entrepreneurs are imperative for the long-term economic growth of every country. Researchers are trying to explain how important entrepreneurial intention is by taking different factors in considerations. This paper will discuss three most important groups of factors affecting entrepreneurial intention of unemployed women in the north of Montenegro. Based on literature review, those factors are personal background, personality traits and environmental groups of factors. In this study, focus will be on four factors from each group which are perceived as most important according to researchers. The study will provide new framework in this field. The main research focus will be on women since majority of unemployed people in the north of the country is women whose small proportion is entrepreneur. Keywords: Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurial intention, Unemployed Women, Montenegro 39 �IMPACT OF A BRAND ON CONSUMER DECISION MAKING PROCESS Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Sulejman Hibić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract With the modern development of economics and marketing, brands are having a more important place in our lives each day. We may neglect it, but we all find brands extremely attractive, whether it is because they make us feel wealthier or more self-confident, because we think they have a higher quality than generic ones, or for any other reason. Inspired by this psychological impact of brands on life and consumers, in this case consumer purchasing, the purpose of this article was to find out whether and how brands impact consumers’ decision-making processes and do they (and why) prefer branded products over generic. The data for this article was collected in the form of an online survey. 225 respondents took part in filling out the survey in the period of one month. 125 of the respondents were male, while 100 were female, all between the ages of 18 to 60. The results of the survey show that there is a high impact of branding on consumer decision-making processes and their purchasing decisions. More precisely said, consumers prefer buying branded products to generic for many reasons, and their choice is affected by the status of the product. Keywords: Brands, Consumer Behavior, Consumer Decision-Making Process. 40 �EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON BRAND EQUITY AND BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION: A CASE STUDY ON DOMESTIC BRANDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Sumeja Softić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Social media is forming an increasingly central part of how companies communicate their marketing strategies to their customers. Online communities carry a strong and influential voice, and there is much to be gained from engaging directly with people through these channels – whether it is reaching and keeping existing customers or acquiring new ones. In li ght of such positive ground for social media this study aims to provide an empirical analysis of the impact social media communication has on brand equity and purchase intention. A systematic literature review has been conducted in order to understand how the dimensions of social media create word of mouth i.e. electronic word of mouth (EWOM) on social media platforms and how this E-WOM further influence brand equity and customers’ purchase intention of domestic brands in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 320 data sets were generated through a standardized online-survey and analyzed in SPSS. The results of the empirical study showed that both firm-created and user generated social media communication influence brand equity, consequently impacting brand purchase intention. Keywords: Social Media Communication, E-WOM, Brand Equity, Purchase Intention, Bosnia and Herzegovina 41 �HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF WHAT WAS STUDIED AND WHERE WAS RESEARCHED Nereida Hadziahmetović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nereida.hadziahmetovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The main aim of this study is to define the most researched topics and geographical locations and the most active authors and institutions in Human Capital and Economic Development research area. 317 articles that published between 2007 and 2014 from 5 different journals with Social Scientific Citation Index (SSCI) were examined. This study also explores relation between research topics and researched countries and why some topics attracted more attention than others. It is found that some topics and geographic locations were researched more than others. Authors identified topics that were researched less or not researched as well as geographic locations. Proposal for future study is discussed according to results of analysis. Keywords: Human Capital, Economic Development, Research Topics, Research Geographical Location. 42 �KNOWLEDGE AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A SHARED APPROACH TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE Meliha Handžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina meliha.handzic@ibu.edu.ba Antonio Bassi Abstract This book argues that by integrating effective knowledge management (KM) with project management (PM), the overall project success rate can be improved significantly. It brings together the latest ideas and research on shared approaches to improve performance based on the research and experience of academics and practitioners. The structured collection of articles presents novel theoretical approaches and clear empirical evidence of the value of integrating the two distinct fields. It enables readers to better understand the need to merge KM with PM and appreciate the benefits. It also offers researchers an idea of what lies ahead and how to get there, and helps practitioners develop more suitable KM solutions for successful project outcomes. 43 �KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SELECTION MODEL FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT Meliha Handžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina meliha.handzic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This chapter proposes and empirically tests a contingency knowledge management (KM) selection model for project management (PM). Essentially, the proposed model posits a mediating role of project factors in the choice and impact of KM on project success. The evidence from two empirical studies provide full support for the contingency model and its proposition that the appropriate KM for PM depends upon project complexity. In particular, the empirical findings show that with increased project complexity, customer-related intellectual capital (IC) and personalization KM strategy tend to have greater importance for project success than team or process IC and codification KM strategy. These findings contribute valuable insights for researchers and provide useful guidance for project managers. The chapter also suggests plausible directions for further research to address current limitations. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Project Management, Intellectual Capital, Selection Model, Project Complexity, KM Strategy, Project IC, Project Success 44 �AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PROJECT SUCCESS Meliha Handžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina meliha.handzic@ibu.edu.ba Nermina Durmić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Adnan Kraljić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina) Tarik Kraljić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the relationship between projectspecific intellectual capital (IC) and project success in the context of information technology (IT) projects Design/methodology/approach – Using data collected from surveys of 603 IT professionals across a variety of projects, the authors constructed a structural (structural equation model) model in AMOS to examine the relationships between three dimensions of project-specific IC (project team, project customer and project process) and project success Findings – The empirical results support the proposition that IC has a positive impact on project success, and thus may be a good indicator of future projects’ performance. More importantly, the authors found out an important mediating role of a project’s structural capital (process) in exploiting its human (team) and relational (customer) capital for realising project success. Research limitations/implications – Interpretation of current results should be considered in light of the following methodological limitations: convenient rather than systematic sampling, use of previously untested measures and prevailing European subjects. Practical implications – These results suggest that project-based organisations need to invest heavily in their project 45 �workforce talent and then translate it into superior project practices in order to produce successful IT projects. They also need to maintain close relationships with their project customers and involve them during the entire project process. Originality/value – The current empirical evidence extends the understanding of the role of IC in improving project success and thus helps project-based organisations create and maintain competitive advantage in emerging economies. Keywords: Project Management, Surveys, Knowledge Management, Intellectual Capital, Empirical Study, Project Success 46 �A CONTINGENCY APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: FINDING THE BEST FIT Meliha Handžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina meliha.handzic@ibu.edu.ba Muhammed Kürşad Özlen Nermina Durmić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract A contingency perspective of knowledge management recognises the need for a fit between knowledge management solutions (KMS) and decision making contexts which they support. In order to determine the best fit, a field survey was carried out to investigate the impact of two different types of KMS (technical and social) on decision makers’ behaviour and performance in different decision contexts (simple and complex). The results provide partial support for the contingency view. As expected, the study identified social KMS as the best fit for complex contexts, based on subjects’ superior performance from comparable adoption of both KMS. In contrast, the study identified that both KMS were an equally good fit for simple contexts, based on similar levels of subjects’ performance, but social KMS was preferred in terms of adoption. These findings contribute to much needed empirical evidence for research and provide useful guidance for practice. However, their limitations warrant further study. Keywords: Contingency Perspective, Decision Context, Decision Performance, Knowledge Management Solution (KMS), Knowledge Processes 47 �KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT MEETS HUMANITIES: A CASE STUDY OF DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE VISUALISATION Meliha Handžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina meliha.handzic@ibu.edu.ba Senada Dizdar University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the role of knowledge management (KM) in the humanities. With rapidly increasing quantities of digital humanities data, there is a growing need for new KM methods for analysing and presenting big data. At the same time, humanities have to tackle the task of interpreting KM interventions on such data and their value for answering humanities research questions. Responding to the above challenges, this study was carried out to examine whether and how valuable visualisation of historic diplomatic letters was for interpreting and understanding the political context in which they were sent. Design/methodology/approach – The research was carried out via focus group methodology. Firstly, 16 study participants completed individual visualisation exercises using several digital tools. These exercises involved identifying and recording the date, origin and destination places of 120 diplomatic letters known as " borderers' letters " ; transforming these data into larger categories (countries, centuries); and presenting such classified digital data visually in the form of tables, graphs and maps. Secondly, the participants were divided into 2 focus groups where they discussed what they had learnt from their visualisation experience. Group notes were taken and analysed for content. Originality/value – The study made two valuable contributions. Firstly, it opened up a new line of research that should benefit both KM and the humanities. More generally, it suggested that the increased scale of digital artefacts might offer new exciting possibilities and challenges for future scholarship in KM and different arts and sciences. Secondly, the study provided some positive preliminary evidence of the value of KM for the humanistic research and training. Specifically, in the case of diplomatic correspondence, the study showed how visualisation of the frequency, geography and timing of diplomatic letters could serve as a barometer of international relations. 48 �Practical implications –This study implied that visualisation might change the nature of interaction and sharing of insights among historians and other humanities scholars. In 11th International Forum on Knowledge Asset Dynamics 1446 particular, the study suggested that spatial and temporal maps could tell a good story. However, these implications need to be interpreted with caution due to a number of limiting factors. Among these are: specific set of diplomatic letters, small sample size, and subjective choice of visualisation software. Future research is recommended to address these limitations and extend current research to other KM initiatives and their applications in other scholarly disciplines. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Humanities, Visualisation,Diplomatic Correspondence, Focus Group 49 �HETEROSKEDASTICITY CONSISTENT COVARIANCE MATRIX ESTIMATORS IN SMALL SAMPLES WITH HIGH LEVERAGE POINTS Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Esra Şimşek Abstract The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the impact of high leverage observations on the performances of prominent and popular Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimators (HCCMEs) with the help of computer simulation. Firstly, we figure out high leverage observations, then remove them and recalculate the HCCMEs without these observations in order to compare the HCCME performances with and without high leverage points. We identify high leverage observations with the Minimum Covariance Determinant (MCD). We select from among different covariates and disturbance term variances from the related literature in simulation runs in order to compare the percentage difference between the expected value of the HCCME and true covariance matrix as well as the symmetric loss function. Our results revealed that the elimination of high leverage (high MCD distance) observations had improved the HCCME performances considerably and under some settings substantially, depending on the degree of leverage. We hope our theoretical findings will be benefited for practical purposes in applications. Keywords: Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Estimation, MCD, Monte Carlo, Simulation, Loss Functions 50 Matrix Estimator, HCCME, Robust �ETHICAL AND SYSTEMIC DILEMMAS OF CREDIT RATINGS Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Hami Sakab Harun Yükselc Abstract Criticism of credit rating processes and the practices of major credit rating agencies (CRAs) peaked following the latest global financial crisis. Therefore, this study reviews the relevant literature, details the credit rating mechanism, and examines the criticism surrounding the three largest credit agencies: Standard & Poor’s Financial Services (S&P), Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), and Fitch Ratings. This study also focuses on the serious moral problems involved in credit rating processes and procedures and calls for more effective oversight of CRAs as well as the establishment of enforcement mechanisms. The overall purpose of this study is to present proposals that can mitigate such criticism and oversee the healthy and timely conduct of credit rating operations. The credit rating processes of Greece, Ireland, and the Republic of Cyprus, which were among the hardest hit by the global financial crisis, are specifically examined (using macroeconomic indicators) in order to highlight the problems of the ratings system. This study concludes by offering solutions to a number of identified problems, foremost among them being the small number of dominant players and the inaccuracies of the ratings. Keywords: Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs), Global Financial Crisis, Sovereign Ratings, S&P, Moody’s, Fitch Rating, Conflict of interests 51 �BLACK SWAN STICKING OUT IN TURKISH BANKING SECTOR Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Hasan Gocen Halit Akturk Abstract This article explores different aspects of an extraordinary event in Turkish banking sector: politically motivated seizure of Bank Asya by the state. We present how political motives play a key role in such an exceptional expropriation ignoring pillars of economic freedom. The attitude of the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) on democratization path of Turkey is presented for further elaboration to bring revealing insight. Financial statement of Asia Participation Bank Inc. (Bank Asya) is detailed to indicate absence of economic ground for seizure. Our analysis on Bank Asya along with references to similar events and their repercussions point out possible severe legal enforcements against government authorities with political more than justice concerns and prejudgment. Keywords: Bank Asya, Seizure, Financial Statement, Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, Savings Deposit Insurance Fund 52 �II PART: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences 53 �CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE DETECTION USING RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract Background and objectives Automatic electrocardiogram (ECG) heartbeat classification is substantial for diagnosing heart failure. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of machine learning methods in creating the model which classifies normal and congestive heart failure (CHF) on the long-term ECG time series. Methods The study was performed in two phases: feature extraction and classification phase. In feature extraction phase, autoregressive (AR) Burg method is applied for extracting features. In classification phase, five different classifiers are examined namely, C4.5 decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, artificial neural networks and random forest classifier. The ECG signals were acquired from BIDMC Congestive Heart Failure and PTB Diagnostic ECG databases and classified by applying various experiments. Results The experimental results are evaluated in several statistical measures (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F-measure and ROC curve) and showed that the random forest method gives 100% classification accuracy. Conclusions Impressive performance of random forest method proves that it plays significant role in detecting congestive heart failure (CHF) and can be valuable in expressing knowledge useful in medicine. 54 �Keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG), Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), Autoregressive (AR) Modeling, Machine Learning, Random Forest MALICIOUS WEB SITES DETECTION USING C4.5 DECISION TREE Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract The technology advancement poses the challenge to the cybercriminals for doing various online criminal acts, such as identity theft, extortion of money or simply, viruses and worms spreading. The common aim of the online criminals is to attract visitors to the Web site, which can be easily accessed by clicking on the URL. Blacklisting seems not to be the successful way of marking Web sites with the “bad” content, considering that many malicious Web sites are not blacklisted. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the ability of C4.5 decision tree classifier in detecting malicious Web sites, based on the features that characterize URLs. The classifier is evaluated through several performance evaluation criteria, namely accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve. C4.5 decision tree classifier achieved significant success in malicious Web sites detection, considering all four criteria (accuracy 96.5, sensitivity 96.4, specificity 96.5 and area under the curve 0.958). Keywords: Malicious Web Sites, blacklisting, URL, C4.5 Decision Tree 55 �SENSOR FUSION FOR SOLAR CAR ROUTE OPTIMIZATION Mehrija Hasičić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehrija.hasicic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Bilić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.bilic@ibu.edu.ba Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina harun.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper focuses on sensor data management in the Solar Car Optimized Route Estimation (SCORE) system which is currently being developed. The data collection is split into two phases: the a priori phase related to the environment and the real time phase related to the solar vehicle. The hardware and software architecture for a priori phase is illustrated in detail, while the real time phase is discussed as a part of the embedded car computer. The full system description for SCORE is presented with guidelines for the future work and implementation of it. Keywords: Vehicle Routing, Sensor Fusion, Solar Energy, Electric Vehicles, Geographic Information System, Navigation 56 �MURDER ON THE EINSTEIN EXPRESS AND OTHER STORIES Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina harun.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Explores the boundaries of science and fiction in a refreshingly unconventional fashion. Includes stories of various fictional genres that incorporate topics from mathematics, physics and computer science. 57 �OTPORNOST BETONSKIH KONSTRUKCIJA NA POŽAR Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Knjiga je namijenjena studentima građevinskih i arhitektonskih fakulteta na predmetima iz oblasti otpornosti konstrukcija na požar u prvom dijelu, a u drugom dijelu izučavanju ponašanja i dokaza nosivosti betonskih konstrukcija pod dejstvom požara na predmetima iz oblasti betonskih konstrukcija. Takođe je namijenjena i stručnjacima iz prakse u cilju razumjevanja problematike, ali i uputstava kako provjeriti i dokazati nosivost betonskih elemenata i konstrukcija izloženih dejstvu požara.Ovo je tim važnije, jer evropske norme za proračun konstrukcija - Eurokodovi, obavezno zahtijevaju dokaz nosivosti konstrukcija na požar, pa čak i propisi u Bosni i Hercegovini. Međutim, autor u svojoj dugogodišnjoj praksi do sada nije vidio nijedan projekat konstrukcije koji sadrži ovakav proračun, osim ukoliko je rađen u naučne ili posebne svrhe, pa čak ni primjenu najjednostavnijih tabelarnih metoda. Požar se može desiti bilo kada i bilo gdje. Uzimajući u obzir da naše objekte gradimo za eksploatacioni vijek 50, 100 ili 200 godina, velika je vjerovatnoća da će ti objekti prije ili kasnije biti izloženi požarnom dejstvu. U tom smislu, a i u skladu sa važećom regualtivom, obavezni smo dovesti požarno razmatranje konstrukcije u istu ravan sa seizmičkim dejstvima i dejstvima vjetra i snijega na konstrukciju. Ovo nas obavezuje da u konstruktersku proračunsku projektantsku praksu, u sklopu projektne dokumentacije obavezano uvedemo dokaz otpornosti na požar (kod svih objekta gdje postoji rizik od pojave požara). Pararelno se mora djelovati i u području izvođačke prakse.Uzimajući u obzir da je vrlo malo literature i knjiga iz ove uže oblasti općenito, a posebno u regiji i Bosni i Hercegovini, cilj ove knjige je da stručnjacima i studentima pomogne u razumjevanju važnosti ove problematike, kao i rješavanju konkretnih problema. U tom smislu, u knjizi su obrađene tri metode u svijetu za provjeru otpornosti na požar betonskih elemenata i konstrukcija, sa jednim brojem konkretnih radnih primjera nakon svake metode. 58 �OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INDUSTRIAL HALLS WITH MAIN GIRDERS “I TYPE” ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2 FOR SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Husein Okugić Abstract Research focus of this paper are stresses in reinforcement and tendons, stresses in concrete, deflections and cracks of the prestressed girders of “Type I”. The goal is to optimize the span of such girder for the same amount of reinforcing steel and tendons. Crack widths that are larger than permitted can cause deterioration of the structure (steel corrosion, leakage of liquid or gas) while the large deflections can compromise the functionality and appearance of the structure. Serviceability Limit State (SLS) is a condition in which construction ceases to meet the specific requirements of serviceability (deflection, crack width). In order for industrial halls to satisfy requirements for safety, deflections and cracks must be within acceptable limits during the service life of the structure. 59 �COMPARISON OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND GANTT CHART APPROACH IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT Omar Kapetanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina omar.kapetanovic@ibu.edu.ba Sarina Šabotić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Bračković International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Gantt charts are commonly used in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a planning basis for the construction of engineering and architectural structures. Although very simple and transparent in everyday use, they have a range of shortcomings. The main disadvantage of a Gantt chart is lack of interdependence between individual activities. Interdependence is established subjectively, based upon empirical experience of planners or project managers. Therefore, it is difficult to perform correct managerial decisions, which ultimately leads to serious of problems in the implementation of the project, construction delays, and even waste of resources, including suffering of contractual penalties. Critical path analysis establishes dependencies between activities in the implementation of the project, which leads to a sequence of activities on the critical path, as well as the identification of activities that can have a float in project implementation. Based on this technique, it is possible to make appropriate 60 �managerial decisions and intervene in a technically and managerial correct manner, based on the performance data. This paper and the conclusions of the analysis on four case studies will justify the application of the critical path analysis versus Gantt chart planning in project management. Keywords: Planning, Gannt Chart, Critical Path Analysis, Project Management 61 �STRAW – CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL OF HISTORY AND FUTURE, SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Maja Popovac Roso University Dzemal Bijedic Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Climate change entails a change of lifestyle. People all around the globe are struggling with the impact of climate change. Construction industry in total spends 45% of the energy and 50% of materials, which directly influences the carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation in the atmosphere. Sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings is assessed not only on the quality of thermal insulation and energy consumption, but also on the basis of primary energy demand, CO2 emissions reduction and ecological characteristics of the materials used. Straw is a material that received considerable attention as a natural, energy and environmentally sustainable material in the last period of building sustainable creation. Using straw as a construction material creates conditions for reducing application of other building materials, whose properties or production process can have a negative impact on the environment. This research analyzes and presents the straw as a building material in terms of sustainable architecture, but also about its mechanical properties and fire resistance in terms of structural engineering, which all contribute to the implementation, protection and potential of this construction material for socio-economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina and inclusion in modern trends of sustainable development. Keywords: Straw, Straw-Bale, Sustainable Building, U-value, Fire Resistance 62 �OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF MAIN GIRDERS OF "TYPE A" FOR THE PREFABRICATED PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INDUSTRIAL HALLS FOR SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY ACCORDING TO EC2 Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Husein Okugić Abstract Research focus of this paper are stresses in concrete, reinforcement and tendons, cracks and deflections of the prestressed girders of “Type A” in order to optimize the span of such girder for the same amount of tendons and reinforcing steel. Serviceability Limit State (SLS) is a condition in which construction ceases to meet the specific requirements of serviceability (deflection, crack width). The large deflections can compromise the functionality and appearance of the structure. Crack widths that are larger than permitted can cause deterioration of the structure (steel corrosion, leakage of liquid or gas). Deflections and cracks must be within acceptable limits during the service life of the industrial halls for their safety and durability. Keywords: Serviceability Limit State, Stress, Crack, Deflection, Prestressed Girder 63 �JAJCE – TOWN OF SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN NATURE AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT-ST. LUKA’S TOWER - ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL LANDMARK Omar Kapetanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina omar.kapetanovic@ibu.edu.ba Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract City of Jajce have emerged and developed from prehistoric times, developing unique connection with environment which had a great influence on built heritage. From that symbiosis of given and created conditions both cultural and historical very significant and diverse heritage has been preserved. Jajce represents unique phenomena of medieval city which had kept a lot of his authenticity. Remains of previous cultures date back to Roman period. Cultural monuments from different historical periods represent valuable elements of urbanism and architecture formed in collaboration with natural environment and they build strong Genius Loci. This unique phenomena has been recognized and listed as part of world heritage of all human race. In that manner Jajce as a city should be perceived and treated in further development. Keywords: Jajce, Cultural Heritage, Historical Heritage, Architecture Urbanism, Otoman period, AustroHungarian period, Genius Loci 64 �UTICAJ DEBLJINE POKROVNOG SLOJA BETONA NA OTPORNOST NA POŽAR ARMIRANOBETONSKIH PLOČA PREMA EUROCODE 2 Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Hamdo Mešić University of Bihać Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The analysis presented in this paper considers fire resistance of the RC slabs as the most fire sensitive RC elements depending on the thickness of concrete cover. The fire resistance of the uniaxial simply supported slabs has been analyzed by variation of span, slab depth, concrete class and concrete cover, according to the Eurocode 2 methods. By establishing the correlation of thickness of concrete cover and concrete properties as material and RC slabs, it is feasible to achieve optimal and rational design solutions, aiming to increase their fire resistance. This paper shows that fire resistance of concrete slabs is a direct function of the applied design selections in determination of slab depth, area and arrangements of reinforcement, concrete cover and actual construction issues at the site. Keywords: Armiranobetonska ploča, Otpornost na požar, Pokrovni sloj betona 65 �APPLICATION OF FRACTAL GEOMETRY PRINCIPLES IN ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS AND THE USE OF FRACTAL ANALYSIS SOFTWARES FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS Emina Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.zejnilovic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Kargić University of Travnik Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The fractal geometry is a relatively new research subject in theory of architecture, but its principles are in use for centuries. Among the witness are numerous architectural masterpieces around the world and various ornaments found in different cultures, which have been inevitably subjected to changes and damages caused by numerous factors. It was common practice that partially lost ornaments were either reconstructed according to the existence of equal or similar ornaments in another object, or according to the existing drawings from that period upon which the restorators based their knowledge and skills. This paper investigates the presence of fractal geometry principles in architectural ornaments of the Persian architecture, suggesting it as a possible tool in providing solutions for very accurate reconstruction of damaged samples. Methodology used is the analysis of specific ornaments plates was the box counting technique via fractal analysis software. Based on the obtained data, this paper aims to investigate and conclude the adequacy and possibilities of application of fractal analysis softwares in the reconstruction of architectural ornaments, especially in problematic cases where there is no relevant data for quality reconstruction by using traditional techniques. 66 �CULTURAL REFLECTIONS ON ARCHITECTURAL SPACE: THE CASE OF SINGLE RESIDENTIAL UNIT Emina Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.zejnilovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Husukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina erna.husukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Focus of this paper is the "environmental quality profile" as Rapoport defines the architectural response to the mentioned particular system of cultural settings. It offers an insight into the correlation of cultural mechanisms that influence creation of space and visual experience, through discussion of central space in housing architecture. Examples of single residential units within different cultures of Islamic societies are analyzed, aiming to underpin the correlation between the space and social modus operandi that deem that space necessary. Impact of religious and cultural beliefs related to social dynamics of living on the physicality of architecture is explored as well as the necessity of central spaces for positive visual and spatial experience. Central space as the focal point of the house is interpreted from architectural, social and religious aspects. Additionally, being that the correlation between architecture and culture is reciprocal, a reflection is made on how architectural space and decisions support, influence, and change social dynamics. 67 �MOTIVATION OF ENGINEERS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Ahmed El Sayed International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmed.elsayed@ibu.edu.ba Ismail Hakki Demir Sakarya Üniversitesi Turkey Abstract Engineers and workers in construction industry suffers from the lack of motivation, which generally cause late in project submission, conflicts in work, and depression, as well as changing the workplace more often. This paper reviewed the lack of motivation of engineers in Construction Industry based on reviewing case studies worldwide. Studies proved that generally the lack of communication between directors and workers, as well as the human development factors that are related to the age of workers plays a major factor in the level of satisfaction. This papers concludes that a new motivation approach to Engineers in Construction Industry should be created and used, and such approach should include more factors that affects the motivation of Engineers. Keywords: Motivation, Needs Theories, Construction Industry, Human Behaviour, Job Satisfaction. 68 �CHARACTERISTICS OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS IN THE WEST BALKANS: A FIRST REPORT Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić Ibrišimović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Sanja Jakovac Sveučilišna klinička bolnica Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Borka Tutiš Maja Ostojić Abstract Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are among the major causes of nosocomial infections and represent a growing problem in many European countries. Among the most common enterococcal isolates, Enterococcus faecium is considered to be the reservoir of VanA and VanB-mediated resistance to glycopeptides. Enterococci with VanA-mediated resistance can transfer resistance genes to other enterococci and gram-positive bacteria. Hence, monitoring and surveillance of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are crucial for the prevention of the spread of glycopeptide resistance. No reports 69 �have yet been published that document the resistance rates and typization of VREs in the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as Croatia. In this study, 64 clinical enterococcal strains that were isolated in clinical centers, Mostar, Sarajevo, and Zagreb, were studied and findings regarding characteristics of vancomycin-resistant strains found in the West Balkan region are reported for the first time. All of the strains were identified using conventional phenotypic methods, and the resistance to glycopeptides was determined using the disk diffusion method, Vitek 2, and genotypic Enterococcus assay. The results of genotyping showed that 40 strains were identified as VREs (30% Enterococcus faecalis and 70% E. faecium), while the sensitivity of the phenotypic methods was 87.5%. Furthermore, VanA and VanB resistance types were found in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, with slightly higher prevalence of the latter (72.5%) over the former (27.5%). Keywords: Enterococcus, VRE, Genotyping, Resistance 70 �A NOVEL HYBRID CONTOURING CONTROL METHOD FOR 3-DOF ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS Tarik Uzunović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina tarik.uzunovic@ibu.edu.ba Eray A. Baran Sabanci University Turkey Edin Golubović Sabanci University Turkey Asif Šabanović Sabanci University Turkey Abstract A novel controller for three-dimensional contouring control of three-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) robotic manipulators is presented in this paper. The proposed controller comprises of an independent joint controller, designed in the configuration space, and a sliding mode controller that enforces desired dynamics for the tracking error projections to the Frenet-Serret frame. Therefore, the presented controller has a hybrid structure and it is named as hybrid contouring controller. In this paper, contour tracking with constant magnitude tangential velocity is discussed. Reference trajectory is generated using the time based spline approximation in order to provide a smooth reference path. The proposed hybrid contouring controller was experimentally compared with the independent joint controller that is designed in the acceleration control framework with disturbance observer. Experimental results, undertaken on a delta robot, showed that hybrid contouring controller outperforms independent joint control architecture. 71 �Keywords: Contouring Control, Hybrid Contouring Controller, Coordinate Transformation, Frenet-Serret Frame, Acceleration Control, Disturbance Observer, Sliding Mode Control, Spline Approximation, Robotic Manipulator 72 �EMBEDDED AUTOMATIC SCHEDULING SYSTEM Damir Bilić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.bilic@ibu.edu.ba Tarik Uzunović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina tarik.uzunovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper describes an embedded system for the automation of scheduling systems such as school bells, factory shift changes, military drills etc. The system consists of two parts: a remote node used for remote control and setup of the system and the real time actuator node which controls a physical object, for example, a bell system. The hardware and software structure are illustrated in detail for both parts of the system through the implementation as an automatic school bell system. Keywords: School bell system, Embedded system, Automated bell system 73 �FORCE CONTROL OF PIEZOELECTRIC WALKER Tarik Uzunović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina tarik.uzunovic@ibu.edu.ba Edin Golubović Sabanci University Turkey Asif Šabanović Sabanci University Turkey Abstract This paper is concerned with the force control of a walking piezoelectric motor, a commercially available Piezo LEGS motor. The motor is capable of providing high precision positioning control on nanometer scale, but also relatively high forces up to 6 N. The proposed force control algorithm is very simple, but effective, and it is based on a recently presented coordinate transformation. The transformation allows definition of the driving waveforms for the motor according to a desired motion of the motor legs in the plane of motion. Such a possibility opens a path for creating the y-direction interaction force between the motor legs and the rod which is enough to ensure no relative motion between the legs and the rod. Once that is achieved, one can control the x-direction force imposed by the motor rod on its environment. The presented force control scheme has been successfully validated through a series of experiments. Keywords: Legged Locomotion, Force, Force Control, Rolling Bearings, Actuators, Springs, Voltage Control 74 �FORMATION CONTROL OF DIFFERENTIAL-DRIVE MOBILE ROBOTS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF FUNCTIONALLY RELATED SYSTEMS Tarik Uzunović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina tarik.uzunovic@ibu.edu.ba Asif Šabanović Sabanci University Turkey Abstract A novel approach for formation control of differential-drive mobile robots is presented in this paper. The control design is done in the framework of functionally related systems. Functionally related systems are the systems that are `virtually' interconnected. The term `virtually' denotes the situation in which the states or outputs of otherwise separated systems are functionally related to each other. If a formation of mobile robots is analyzed, it can be considered as a group of functionally related systems. Therefore, formation control of the robots can be synthesized in the mentioned framework. Keywords: Functionally Related Systems, Differential-Drive Mobile Robots, Formation Control 75 �DSC-BASED IMPLEMENTATION FOR POWER CONTROL OF DFIG IN MICROGRID APPLICATIONS Tarik Uzunović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina tarik.uzunovic@ibu.edu.ba Burak Soner Sabanci University Turkey Emre Ozsoy Istanbul Technical University Turkey Edin Golubović Sabanci University Turkey Asif Šabanović Sabanci University Turkey Abstract This paper presents a compact and low cost digital signal controller (DSC) based implementation for power control of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind energy setup for micro-grid applications. The experimental setup consists of a back to back converter, a 1.1 kW DFIG and two low cost, industry standard DSCs. Stator active power and reactive power are controlled by means of the rotor currents. Decoupled components of the rotor current in a rotating frame are controlled by a robust, disturbance observer based control structure. The proposed controller was validated through experiments. Keywords: Digital Signal Controller, DFIG, Microgrid, Power Control, Vector Control 76 �CULTURAL REFLECTIONS ON ARCHITECTURAL SPACE: THE CASE OF SINGLE RESIDENTIAL UNIT Emina Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.zejnilovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Husukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina erna.husukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Focus of this paper is the "environmental quality profile" as Rapoport defines the architectural response to the mentioned particular system of cultural settings. It offers an insight into the correlation of cultural mechanisms that influence creation of space and visual experience, through discussion of central space in housing architecture. Examples of single residential units within different cultures of Islamic societies are analyzed, aiming to underpin the correlation between the space and social modus operandi that deem that space necessary. Impact of religious and cultural beliefs related to social dynamics of living on the physicality of architecture is explored as well as the necessity of central spaces for positive visual and spatial experience. Central space as the focal point of the house is interpreted from architectural, social and religious aspects. Additionally, being that the correlation between architecture and culture is reciprocal, a reflection is made on how architectural space and decisions support, influence, and change social dynamics. 77 �EVALUATION OF THE BROWNFIELD REGENERATION PROCESS - CASE STUDY OF SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ajla Gegić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ajla.gegic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Husukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina erna.husukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Brownfield land is both a problem and a lost opportunity, since the sites can have a negative impact on the surrounding area and community and hinder effective regeneration. Thus, regeneration of brownfields has gradually become an important challenge for regional and local development. The focus of this paper is to analyse brownfield issues in the city of Sarajevo with respect to the needs of the local community. The work particularly addressed a brownfield area exemplified in the Novi Grad municipality, which includes architectural and urban settings and is currently a main point of interest in the city of Sarajevo. The paper argues how functional clean-up of the site, reuse of abandoned area and analysis of the social impact on the local community could offer new alternatives in brownfield regeneration that stimulate development opportunities at numerous levels, including enhancing urban competitiveness and reducing urban sprawl. 78 �SHEEP WOOL AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Azra Korjenic Almedina Hadžić Sinan Korjenić Abstract The building sector is responsible for 40% of the current CO2 emissions as well as energy consumption. Sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings are currently being evaluated, not only based on thermal insulation qualities and energy demands, but also based on primary energy demand, CO2 reductions and the ecological properties of the materials used. Therefore, in order to make buildings as sustainable as possible, it is crucial to maximize the use of ecological materials. This study explores alternative usage of sheep wool as a construction material beyond its traditional application in the textile industry. Another goal of this research was to study the feasibility of replacement of commonly used thermal insulations with natural and renewable materials which have better environmental and primary energy values. Building physics, energy and environmental characteristics were evaluated and compared based on hygrothermal simulation and ecological balance methods. The observations demonstrate that sheep wool, compared with mineral wool and calcium silicate, provides comparable thermal insulation characteristics, and in some applications even reveals better performance. Keywords: Energy Efficiency; Primary Energy Reduction; CO 2 Reduction; Natural and Renewable Building Materials; Sheep wool; Hygrothermal simulation; Ecological balance method 79 �ANALYSIS OF ONE EXAMPLE OF THE RESTORATION IN TERMS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Novalić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.novalic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Kargić University of Travnik Bosnia and Herzegovina Ajla Gegić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ajla.gegic@ibu.edu.ba Selvira Heldovac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina selvira.heldovac@ibu.edu.ba Abstract In 21st century, it is not enough to design delightful buildings, but to act in a responsible way towards the planet Earth. Supplies of natural resources are getting lower and it is necessary to turn to renewable sources. Cities and buildings are the top pollutants and energy consumers today. While European goals in terms of CO2 emission, primary energy and U values are set high, the actual situation varies from excellent to very poor examples of energy efficiency requirements application. " Energy performance certificate should also provide information about the actual impact of heating and cooling on the energy 80 �needs of the building, on its primary energy consumption and on its carbon dioxide emissions. " * The aim of this research paper is to analyze and present the current situation of the energy efficiency practice on objects restoration in Bosnia and Herzegovina, on example of Hotel Opal, located in Sarajevo under the continental climate. The materials used in construction elements of the building: walls and roof, as well as their thicknesses and places of origin were taken into account in calculating the CO2 and SO2 emissions, as well as primary energy values and global warming potential. Special attention was paid to the U values which are key determinants of energy efficiency of an object. A comparison has been made between in analysed case used and natural materials, such as sheep wool, mineral wool and straw and their according emissions. As one of the key critical components in sustainable building design are windows, the Appendix contains comparison of different materials used for windows frames. The findings show the amount of energy that can be saved if the trends in use of construction materials are changed. With respect to Bosnia and Herzegovina, the change in these trends would also imply benefits for development of different industries. Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Restoration, U value, Natural insulation materials, Wall,Window, Roof, Brick, EPS, Sheep wool, CO2, Primary energy, Global warming potential 81 �ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL RENEWABLE MATERIALS IN THE BUILDING SECTOR Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Novalić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.novalic@ibu.edu.ba Zedina Hujdur International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zedina.hujdur@ibu.edu.ba Isminur Aybek Amar Dautović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Architecture design today has become far more challenging than it once used to be. Both research and demand for ecological building materials have been growing rapidly, particularly for insulating materials from renewable resources. On the contrary, conventional design, constructions and materials are still predominantly used in the world, and particularly in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey. In addition to the accustomed thermal insulation thickness and heating demand, architects need to design new or renovate existing structures in compliance with the primary energy demand, CO2 reductions, as well as ecological properties of building materials, and, in other words, take a holistic approach. The aim of this paper is to present a comparison between the use of conventional methods, constructions and materials and alternative solutions of renewable insulation materials application in wall 82 �constructions. Conventional walls are predominantly made of cement, bricks, Styrofoam, plaster and paint. For innovative walls, however, materials used for a wall 1 are: brick, wood fibre insulation, plaster, coat render, and for wall 2: timber, sheep’s wool insulation, brick, OSB board and plaster. The test results indicate the amount of primary energy and CO2 emission that could be saved if renewable materials are used not only for insulation but for the construction as well. Findings also show great demand for a new clean technology in brick production that will save energy and CO2 emission. Our findings also suggest that renewable materials have more ecological advantages and present fewer health risks. Keywords: Wall construction, Natural insulation materials, Primary energy, Global warming Potential, Health 83 �CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS OF TRADITIONAL, NATURAL, RENEWABLE MATERIALS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The building sector is responsible for 40% of the current CO2 emissions as well as energy consumption. Sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings are currently being evaluated, not only based on thermal insulation qualities and energy demands, but also based on primary energy demand, CO2 reductions and the ecological properties of the materials used. Therefore, in order to make buildings as sustainable as possible, it is crucial to maximize the use of ecological materials. Could we replace commonly used thermal insulations with natural and renewable materials which have better environmental and primary energy values? Could natural and renewable material be driving forces for social-economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina and region? 84 �KONZERVATORSKE INTERVENCIJE NA OBJEKTIMA VERNAKULARNE ARHITEKTURE – PRIMJER BIŠĆEVIĆA KUĆE U MOSTARU Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Maja Popovac Roso University Dzemal Bijedic Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Amra Šarančić Logo University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Interventions observed in this paper are those of structural character. These interventions on cultural heritage buildings requires comparative analysis of structural problems and values of the heritage. The absence of one of the observed aspects may be considered as unethical approach. The work examines the complexity of conservation works on the buildings of cultural heritage, in particular those of vernacular architecture. As an example presented is the work of conservation and restoration of one of the most famous houses from the period of Ottoman rule Bišćević House in Mostar. Key words Conservation, structural interventions, vernacular architecture, Biščević House, Mostar. Keywords: Conservation, Structural interventions, Vernacular architecture, Biščević House, Mostar 85 �LUKOMIR – SINONIM BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKE VERNAKULARNE ARHITEKTURE Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Boris Trapara University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Maja Popovac Roso University Dzemal Bijedic Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Vernacular architecture is indispensable part of human creativity. Among all other aspects of human activity, vernacular architecture is the best indicator of development stage of a certain civilization. It is the modus which shows us how the local communities knew how to use local materials, how to developed techniques and live in harmony with micro location- everything with the aim of satisfying their needs. In time when we almost managed to destroy our planet with contemporary, often untested and harmful materials, consuming large amounts of energy for heating and drying, finally we have focused on these exceptional examples that can show us how simple and smart we can use the knowledge and skills of our ancestors. Key words Vernacular architecture, Lukomir, sustainable construction, natural materials. Keywords: Vernacular architecture, Lukomir, Sustainable construction, Natural materials 86 �AN EFFECTIVE COMBINING CLASSIFIER APPROACH USING TREE ALGORITHMS FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Samed Jukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina samed.jukic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract In this paper, we developed a combining classifier model based on tree-based algorithms for network intrusion detection. The NSL-KDD dataset, a much improved version of the original KDDCUP’99 dataset, was used to evaluate the performance of our detection algorithm. The task of our detection algorithm was to classify whether the incoming network traffics are normal or an attack, based on 41 features describing every pattern of network traffic. The detection accuracy of 89.24 % was achieved using the combination of random tree and NBTree algorithms based on the sum rule scheme, outperforming the individual random tree algorithm. This result represents the highest result achieved so far using the complete NSL-KDD dataset. Therefore, combining classifier approach based on the sum rule scheme can yield better results than individual classifiers, giving us hope of better anomaly based intrusion detection systems in the future. Keywords: Intrusion detection, Tree-based classifiers, NSL-KDD, Combining classifiers approach 87 �COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION METHODS IN CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SIGNALS FOR MOTOR-IMAGERY BCI SYSTEM Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract In this study, three popular signal processing techniques (Empirical Mode Decomposition, Discrete Wavelet Transform, and Wavelet Packet Decomposition) were investigated for the decomposition of Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals in Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system for a classification task. Publicly available BCI competition III dataset IVa, a multichannel 2-class motor-imagery dataset, was used for this purpose. Multiscale Principal Component Analysis method was applied for the purpose of noise removal. In addition, different sets of features were formed to examine the effect of a particular group of features. The parameter selection process for signal decomposition methods was thoroughly explained as well. Our results show that the combination of Multiscale Principal Component Analysis de-noising and higher order statistics features extracted from wavelet packet decomposition sub-bands resulted in highest average classification accuracy of 92.8%. Our study is one among very few that provides a comprehensive comparison between signal decomposition methods in combination with higher order statistics in classification of BCI signals. In addition, we stressed the importance of higher frequency ranges in improving the classification task for EEG signals in Brain Computer Interface Systems. Obtained results indicate that the proposed model has the potential to obtain a reliable classification of motor imagery EEG signals, and can thus be used as a practical system for controlling a wheelchair. It can also further enhance the current rehabilitation therapies where appropriate feedback is delivered once the individual executes the correct movement. In that way, motor rehabilitation outcomes may improve over time. Keywords: Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD), Motor Imagery (MI), Brain Computer Interface (BCI), Higher Order Statistics (HOS), BCI competition III dataset IVa 88 �SURVEY OF LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD IN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 AND 4 LABORATORIES Mirsada Hukic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Laboratory-acquired infections due to a variety of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi have been described over the last century, and laboratory workers are at risk of exposure to these infectious agents. However, reporting laboratory-associated infections has been largely voluntary, and there is no way to determine the real number of people involved or to know the precise risks for workers. In this study, an international survey based on volunteering was conducted in biosafety level 3 and 4 laboratories to determine the number of laboratory-acquired infections and the possible underlying causes of these contaminations. The analysis of the survey reveals that laboratory-acquired infections have been infrequent and even rare in recent years, and human errors represent a very high percentage of the cases. Today, most risks from biological hazards can be reduced through the use of appropriate procedures and techniques, containment devices and facilities, and the training of personnel. Keywords: Brucellosis, Personal Protective Equipment, Eoccidioidomycosis, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Tularemia 89 �Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN TURKISH POPULATION, COLL Serkan Dogan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Gulsen Doğan Biljana Klimenta Dragan Primorac 90 �Abstract Analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup distribution is widely used when investigating geographical clustering of different populations, which is why it plays an important role in population genetics, human migration patterns and even in forensic investigations. Individual determination of these haplogroups is mostly based on the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located in the non-recombining part of Y-chromosome (NRY). On the other hand, the number of forensic and anthropology studies investigating short tandem repeats on the Y-chromosome (Y-STRs) increases rapidly every year. During the last few years, these markers have been successfully used as haplogroup prediction methods, which is why they have been used in this study. Previously obtained Y-STR haplotypes (23 loci) from 100 unrelated Turkish males recently settled in Sarajevo were used for the determination of haplogroups via 'Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor' software. The Bayesian probability of 90 of the studied haplotypes is greater than 92.2% and ranges from 51.4% to 84.3% for the remaining 10 haplotypes. A distribution of 17 different haplogroups was found, with the Yhaplogroup J2a being most prevalent, having been found in 26% of all the samples, whereas R1b, G2a and R1a were less prevalent, covering a range of 10% to 15% of all the samples. Together, these four haplogroups account for 63% of all Y-chromosomes. Eleven haplogroups (E1b1b, G1, I1, I2a, I2b, J1, J2b, L, Q, R2, and T) range from 2% to 5%, while E1b1a and N are found in 1% of all samples. Obtained results indicate that a large majority of the Turkish paternal line belongs to West Asia, Europe Caucasus, Western Europe, Northeast Europe, Middle East, Russia, Anatolia, and Black Sea Y-chromosome lineages. As the distribution of Y-chromosome haplogroups is consistent with the previously published data for the Turkish population residing in Turkey, it was concluded that the analyzed population could also be recognized as a representative sample of the Turkish population residing in Turkey. Keywords: Y-STRs, Y-SNPs, Y-chromosome, Haplotypes, Haplogroup predictor, Turkish population 91 �ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES WITHIN A NEW GENERATION OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS-A. BAUMANNII COMPLEX RESISTOTYPES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mirsada Hukic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Aydin Çöl Amela Dedeić-Ljubović Irma Salimović-Bešić Abstract Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex (ACB complex) is a nosocomial pathogen. Due to its high ability to develop antibiotic resistance, it has become a problematic challenge in the modern healthcare system. The molecular and genetic mechanisms of gaining multidrug resistance in ACB complex are well known. This study focuses on providing an overview of the antibiotic resistance profiles, genetic similarities and resistotypes, and general characteristics of carbapenem-resistant ACB complex (CRACB) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In light of the data collected in this study, together with the already known information concerning antibiotic resistance of ACB complex, we intend to further elucidate the antibiotic therapy for CRACB strain resistotypes in BiH. Keywords: ACB complex; Bosnia; Antibiotic resistance; Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter; Genetic similarities; Resistotypes 92 �EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE OF THE MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mirsada Hukic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Irma Salimović-Bešić Amela Dedeić-Ljubović Aydin Çöl Abstract A measles outbreak with two epidemic waves involving 4649 probable and laboratory-confirmed cases was recorded in six out of ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina between February 2014 and April 2015. The majority of the patients had never received measles vaccination (3115/4649, 67.00%), and the vaccination status of another 23% was unknown (1066/4649). A total of 281 blood samples were tested serologically. Virus detection was performed using 44 nasopharyngeal swabs. About 57% (161/281) of the laboratory-investigated sera were immunoglobulin M positive, and 95% (42/44) of the swabs were reverse transcriptase-PCR positive. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences obtained from 30 swab samples showed circulation of two variants of genotype D8, but no genotype D4 strains as detected in 2007. Similar involvement of all age groups indicates a problem with vaccine refusal resulting from antivaccination activities in addition to gaps in immunization coverage during the war and postwar period (1992-1998). Differences in ethnicity, vaccine coverage, compliance with review policies of vaccination records and potentially also travel habits may partially explain why only six of ten cantons were affected by the outbreak. The second epidemic wave may in part be due to large-scale migrations due to catastrophic floods in 2014. As a result of the epidemic, 6- to 12-month-old children may now be vaccinated against measles during outbreaks, and public health recommendations for interventions have been strengthened. Additional efforts are required to implement the measures throughout the cantons. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, measles, Measles–Mumps–Rubella (MMR) vaccine; Outbreaks, Vaccine-preventable diseases, Vaccines and immunization 93 �DETECTION OF PUUMALA VIRUS IN THE TISSUE OF INFECTED NATURALLY RODENT HOSTS IN THE AREA OF CENTRAL DINARIDES Mirsada Hukic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Edina Dervović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Hantaviruses are the causative agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Euroasia and of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the North, Central and South America. HFRS is endemic in the Balkan Peninsula, where sporadic cases or outbreaks have been reported. Puumala virus (PUUV) is the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of HFRS. PUUV is carried by the bank voles (Myodes glareolus). In this study, we investigated viral RNA from 76 tissues samples (lung n = 30, heart n = 6, liver n = 18 and kidney n = 22) of infected naturall rodent hosts in the area of Central Dinarides caught in live traps. Puumala virus was extracted from 34,7% (16/46) rodents by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR. Overall, 18 (21,4%) specimens of internal organs (kidney n = 8, liver n = 6, heart n = 2 and lung n = 2) were positive for PUUV. It was shown a high rodent infestation rate in a relatively low number of rodent and their organs, although mice were not caught during the time of high density population of host rodents. Keywords: Puumala virus, Myodes glareolus, tissue, real-time RT-PCR, nested RT PCR 94 �APPLICATION OF A PARALLEL SYNTHETIC STRATEGY IN THE DISCOVERY OF BIARYL ACYL SULFONAMIDES AS EFFICIENT AND SELECTIVE Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The majority of potent and selective hNaV1.7 inhibitors possess common pharmacophoric features that include a heteroaryl sulfonamide headgroup and a lipophilic aromatic tail group. Recently, reports of similar aromatic tail groups in combination with an acyl sulfonamide headgroup have emerged, with the acyl sulfonamide bestowing levels of selectivity over hNaV1.5 comparable to the heteroaryl sulfonamide. Beginning with commercially available carboxylic acids that met selected pharmacophoric requirements in the lipophilic tail, a parallel synthetic approach was applied to rapidly generate the derived acyl sulfonamides. A biaryl acyl sulfonamide hit from this library was elaborated, optimizing for potency and selectivity with attention to physicochemical properties. The resulting novel leads are potent, ligand and lipophilic efficient, and selective over hNaV1.5. Representative lead 36 demonstrates selectivity over other human NaV isoforms and good pharmacokinetics in rodents. The biaryl acyl sulfonamides reported herein may also offer ADME advantages over known heteroaryl sulfonamide inhibitors. Keywords: hNa V 1.7 inhibitors, selectivit, y, hNa V 1.5, acyl sulfonamide headgroup, carboxylic acids, heteroaryl sulfonamide, heteroaryl sulfonamide headgroup, biaryl acyl sulfonamide, biaryl acyl sulfonamides, lipophilic tailacyl sulfonamidestail groups, hNa V 1.5. Representativeacyl sulfonamide bestowing levels, pharmacophoric features, heteroaryl sulfonamide inhibitors, Na V isoforms, Biaryl Acyl Sulfonamides, tail group, Selective Na V 1.7 Inhibitors, ADME advantages, pharmacophoric requirements, physicochemical properties 95 �MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESSDISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a major health problem in South Eastern Europe (SEE). Available treatment options are not efficient enough and the course is often chronic. Little is known about molecular mediators and moderators of pathogenesis and therapy. Genetic and epigenetic variation may be one central molecular mechanism. We therefore established a consortium combining clinical expertise on PTSD from SEE countries Bosnia-Herzegovina (Sarajevo, Tuzla and Mostar), Kosovo (Prishtina) and Croatia (Zagreb) with genetic and epigenetic competence from Germany (Würzburg) in 2011 within the framework of the DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst)-funded Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. After obtaining ethical votes and performing rater trainings as well as training in DNA extraction from EDTA blood between 2011 and 2013, we recruited 747 individuals who had experienced war-related trauma in the SEE conflicts between 1991 and 1999. 236 participants had current PTSD, 161 lifetime PTSD and 350 did not have and never had PTSD. Demographic and clinical data are currently merged together with genetic and epigenetic data in a single database to allow for a comprehensive analysis of the role of genetic and epigenetic variation in the pathogenesis and therapy of PTSD. Analyses will be done to a great degree by PhD students from participating SEE centers who in addition to participation in the project had an opportunity to take part in spring and summer schools of the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) funded Research Training Group (RTG) 1253 and thus meet PhD students from Germany and other countries We are confident that our project will not only contribute to a better understanding of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of PTSD as a basis for future individualized and personalized therapies, but also to the academic development of South Eastern Europe. 96 �CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, EMERGING TREATMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This chapter presents a system for classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on fuzzy rules and a trained neural network. Fuzzy rules and neural network parameters are defined according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. For neural network training more than one thousand medical reports obtained from database of the company CareFusion were used. The system was subsequently validated in 285 patients by physicians at the Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo. Out of the investigated patients, 99.19% of the 248 with COPD and all of the 37 individuals with normal lung function were classified correctly. Obtained sensitivity (99.3%) and specificity (100%) in COPD were assessed, as well. Implemeted neuro-fuzzy system for classification of COPD is based on a combination of spirometry and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, which enables more accurate classification of the disease. Additionally, a complete patient’s dynamic assessment can be obtained rather than a mere static assessment through the use of bronchodilatation and bronhoprovocation. 97 �WORLDWIDE POPULATION CLUSTERING BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI. Serkan Dogan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Sanida Buljubasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina 98 �Abstract Short tandem repeats (STRs) located on the Y-chromosome are a useful tool for the study of population structure and history. In this study, 23 Y-STR loci from 50 populations were compared (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a/b, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643). The allele frequencies were calculated using Arlequin v3.5.1.2, while the haplotype data for these calculations were gathered from previously published articles. Furthermore, a worldwide phylogenetic tree was generated, and genetic distance values were calculated using POPTREE2 and MEGA 5.1 software. The results illustrate formation of several distinct clusters and sub clusters within them and indicate that this was mostly due to geographical proximity, which in turn resulted in neighboring populations becoming part of the same cluster. While the obtained results were in accordance with previously published research on autosomal STR analysis, the Y-STRs analyzed in the current study were more informative since they enabled regional clustering in addition to the continental one. Lastly, the use of a larger number of loci yielded clustering that is more specific than what has been calculated to date. Keywords: Y-chromosome, Y-STRs, PowerPlex Y23, phylogenetic tree, population clustering 99 �CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF UNCERTAINTY MODELLING METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Šarić Abstract Uncertainty is one of the most important factors which contributes to the complexity of the power system operation and management. This paper presents some of the most important uncertainty modelling techniques and compares their advantages and disadvantage. In particular, this paper focuses on identification, classification and comparison of uncertainty modelling approaches used in power systems, highlighting the Distributed Generation (DG) allocation problem. The main objective of this paper is to identify the sources of uncertainty in DG allocation problem, review the most important uncertainty modelling methods and propose the appropriate matching approach between the sources of uncertainty and modelling methods. 100 �MANAGEMENT OF THE POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS USING FUZZY LOGIC Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Šarić Abstract This paper presents a fuzzy system for management of the power distribution network reconstruction process. The proposed system is based on Mamdani type fuzzy inference which is used to model reconstruction criteria. The system considers number of customers, rate of failure and age of distribution lines as input variables and provides output values used as criteria in a decision making process. The decision making process is based on the Bellman-Zadeh method in which decision making is performed by the intersection of fuzzy goals and constraints. In this paper, fuzzy logic is introduced as a system planning tool in order to account for weaknesses and imprecision of the traditional planning methods. The proposed model is presented as a logical decision making framework which can be used to evaluate and rank power distribution network reconstruction projects according to their ability to deliver long term benefits, both to the utility and customers. 101 �OPTIMAL NETWORK RECONFIGURATION WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION USING NSGA II ALGORITHM Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Amir Hadžimehmedović University of Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Majda Tesanović University of Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents a method to solve electrical network reconfiguration problem in the presence of distributed generation (DG) with an objective of minimizing real power loss and energy not supplied function in distribution system. A method based on NSGA II multi-objective algorithm is used to simultaneously minimize two objective functions and to identify the optimal distribution network topology. The constraints of voltage and branch current carrying capacity are included in the evaluation of the objective function. The method has been tested on radial electrical distribution network with 213 nodes, 248 lines and 72 switches. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Keywords: Radial distribution network; Distributed generation; Genetic algorithms; NSGA II; Loss reduction 102 �GENETIC HERITAGE OF THE BALTO-SLAVIC SPEAKING POPULATIONS: A SYNTHESIS OF AUTOSOMAL, MITOCHONDRIAL AND Y-CHROMOSOMAL DATA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Alena Kushniarevich Estonian Biocentre Estonia Abstract The Slavic branch of the Balto-Slavic sub-family of Indo-European languages underwent rapid divergence as a result of the spatial expansion of its speakers from Central-East Europe, in early medieval times. This expansion-mainly to East Europe and the northern Balkans-resulted in the incorporation of genetic components from numerous autochthonous populations into the Slavic gene pools. Here, we characterize genetic variation in all extant ethnic groups speaking Balto-Slavic languages by analyzing mitochondrial DNA (n = 6,876), Y-chromosomes (n = 6,079) and genome-wide SNP profiles (n = 296), within the context of other European populations. We also reassess the phylogeny of Slavic languages within the Balto-Slavic branch of Indo-European. We find that genetic distances among Balto-Slavic populations, based on autosomal and Y-chromosomal loci, show a high correlation (0.9) both with each other and with geography, but a slightly lower correlation (0.7) with mitochondrial DNA and linguistic affiliation. The data suggest that genetic diversity of the present-day Slavs was predominantly shaped in situ, and we detect two different substrata: 'central-east European' for West and East Slavs, and 'south-east European' for South Slavs. A pattern of distribution of segments identical by descent between groups of East-West and South Slavs suggests shared ancestry or a modest gene flow between those two groups, which might derive from the historic spread of Slavic people. 103 �OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN POPULATION CLUSTERING BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba 104 �Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Sanida Buljubasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Short tandem repeats (STRs) located on the Y-chromosome are a useful tool for various scientific fields, such as forensic investigation, but also for the investigation of population structure and molecular history. In this study, population data based on 23 Y-STR loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385a/b, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) from 23 European human populations were compared. All haplotype data for this research were gathered from previously published articles. Arlequin v3.5.1.2, POPTREE2, and MEGA 5.1 software packages were used for the calculation of allelic frequencies and genetic distance, and the construction of the European, as well as worldwide phylogenetic trees. Obtained results indicate a formation of several distinct sub-clusters within European population cluster. Observed sub-clusters were mostly recognized within geographically closer populations, meaning that neighboring populations were a part of the same subcluster in most of the cases. Compared with the previously published results obtained using autosomal STR markers, a significant level of concordance was detected. However, it seems that Y-STRs analyzed in this study are more informative since they enabled regional clustering in addition to continental clustering. Also, the use of a larger number of loci yielded clustering that is more specific than what has been calculated to date. Finally, it can be concluded that this study has shown that the application of a larger number of loci enables the more detailed insight into the relationships between European populations, compared to what has been published before. Key words:Y-chromosome, Y-STRs, PowerPlex Y23, European populations, population clustering, phylogenetic tree, population genetics. 105 �MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN, AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Alma Džubur-Kulenović Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a major health problem in South Eastern Europe (SEE). Available treatment options are not efficient enough and the course is often chronic. Little is known about molecular mediators and moderators of pathogenesis and therapy. Genetic and epigenetic variation may be one central molecular mechanism. We therefore established a consortium combining clinical expertise on PTSD from SEE countries Bosnia-Herzegovina (Sarajevo, Tuzla and Mostar), Kosovo (Prishtina) and Croatia (Zagreb) with genetic and epigenetic competence from Germany (Würzburg) in 2011 within the framework of the DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst)-funded Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. After obtaining ethical votes and performing rater trainings as well as training in DNA extraction from EDTA blood between 2011 and 2013, we recruited 747 individuals who had experienced war-related trauma in the SEE conflicts between 1991 and 1999. 236 participants had current PTSD, 161 lifetime PTSD and 350 did not have and never had PTSD. Demographic and clinical data are currently merged together with genetic and epigenetic data in a single database to allow for a comprehensive analysis of the role of genetic and epigenetic variation in the pathogenesis and therapy of PTSD. Analyses will be done to a great degree by PhD students from participating SEE centers who in addition to participation in the project had an opportunity to take part in spring and summer schools of the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) funded Research Training Group (RTG) 1253 and thus meet PhD students from Germany and other countries We are confident that our project will not only contribute to a better understanding of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of PTSD as a basis for future 106 �individualized and personalized therapies, but also to the academic development of South Eastern Europe. Keywords: PTSD, South Eastern Europe, Genetics, Epigenetics, Molecular mechanisms., Individualized therapy, Personalized therapy 107 �PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Gulsen Doğan Biljana Klimenta 108 �Dragan Primorac Abstract Analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup distribution is widely used when investigating geographical clustering of different populations, which is why it plays an important role in population genetics, human migration patterns and even in forensic investigations. Individual determination of these haplogroups is mostly based on the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located in the non-recombining part of Y-chromosome (NRY). On the other hand, the number of forensic and anthropology studies investigating short tandem repeats on the Y-chromosome (Y-STRs) increases rapidly every year. During the last few years, these markers have been successfully used as haplogroup prediction methods, which is why they have been used in this study. Previously obtained Y-STR haplotypes (23 loci) from 100 unrelated Turkish males recently settled in Sarajevo were used for the determination of haplogroups via 'Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor' software. The Bayesian probability of 90 of the studied haplotypes is greater than 92.2% and ranges from 51.4% to 84.3% for the remaining 10 haplotypes. A distribution of 17 different haplogroups was found, with the Yhaplogroup J2a being most prevalent, having been found in 26% of all the samples, whereas R1b, G2a and R1a were less prevalent, covering a range of 10% to 15% of all the samples. Together, these four haplogroups account for 63% of all Y-chromosomes. Eleven haplogroups (E1b1b, G1, I1, I2a, I2b, J1, J2b, L, Q, R2, and T) range from 2% to 5%, while E1b1a and N are found in 1% of all samples. Obtained results indicate that a large majority of the Turkish paternal line belongs to West Asia, Europe Caucasus, Western Europe, Northeast Europe, Middle East, Russia, Anatolia, and Black Sea Y-chromosome lineages. As the distribution of Y-chromosome haplogroups is consistent with the previously published data for the Turkish population residing in Turkey, it was concluded that the analyzed population could also be recognized as a representative sample of the Turkish population residing in Turkey. 109 �GENOMIC ANALYSES INFORM ON MIGRATION EVENTS DURING THE PEOPLING OF EURASIA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Luca Pagani Abstract High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number of geographically restricted populations, or been targeted at specific diseases, such as cancer. Nevertheless, the availability of high-resolution genomic data has led to the development of new methodologies for inferring population history and refuelled the debate on the mutation rate in humans. Here we present the Estonian Biocentre Human Genome Diversity Panel (EGDP), a dataset of 483 highcoverage human genomes from 148 populations worldwide, including 379 new genomes from 125 populations, which we group into diversity and selection sets. We analyse this dataset to refine estimates of continent-wide patterns of heterozygosity, long- and short-distance gene flow, archaic admixture, and changes in effective population size through time as well as for signals of positive or balancing selection. We find a genetic signature in present-day Papuans that suggests that at least 2% of their genome originates from an early and largely extinct expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) out of Africa. Together with evidence from the western Asian fossil record, and admixture between AMHs and Neanderthals predating the main Eurasian expansion, our results contribute to the mounting evidence for the presence of AMHs out of Africa earlier than 75,000 years ago. 110 �DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on fuzzy rules. Fuzzy rules are defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, as well as through consultations with longterm experience of pulmologists. Our fuzzy system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, which are inputs to fuzzy system. Additionally, the use of bronchodilatation and bronhoprovocation enabled a complete patient's dynamic assessment rather than a simple static assessment. The system was retroactively tested with 1250 Medical Reports established by pulmologists, out of which 728 were diagnosed with asthma and 522 were healthy subjects. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, on this dataset, which were 91.89% and 95.01%, respectively. Keywords: Diseases, fuzzy logic, lungs, software, guidelines, expert systems 111 �CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on artificial neural network. A total of 1800 Medical Reports were used for neural network training. The system was subsequently tested through the use of 1250 Medical Reports established by physicians from hospital Sarajevo. Out of the aforementioned Medical Reports, 728 were diagnoses of asthma, while 522 were healthy subjects. Out of the 728 asthmatics, 97.11% were correctly classified, and the healthy subjects were classified with an accuracy of 98.85%. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, as well, which were 97.11% and 98.85%, respectively. Our system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, whose measurement results were inputs to artificial neural network. Artificial neural network is implemented to obtain both static and dynamic assessment of the patient's respiratory system. 112 �TEN-YEAR TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL AGE AND PRENATAL SCREENING Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Objective: This study examines trends in total and live birth prevalence of trisomy 21 (T21) with regard to increasing maternal age and the introduction of prenatal diagnosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Method: The prenatal detection was introduced in January 2008 in 3 hospitals and assessed until December 31, 2015. In this study, 99 fetuses and 330 babies were diagnosed with T21 in the studied period. Results: On average, each year 33 T21 individuals were born and 13 T21 fetuses were diagnosed prenatally. The calculated incidence for the live born T21 individuals in Bosnia is 1:999. The live-birth prevalence of T21 was 9.6 per 10,000 births and the total prevalence of T21 was 19.1. The total T21 prevalence increases exponentially with the advanced maternal age. Prenatal T21 prevalence is 1.29 per 10,000 births for mothers <35, but increases exponentially with increasing age (32 for >40 years). The most common indications for invasive prenatal testing were ultrasound screening combined with biochemical serum analysis followed by the advanced maternal age. Conclusion: The prevalence of liveborn Down syndrome children remained constant. Despite the fact that increasing maternal age in the last decade contributed to the rise in the total T21 prevalence, the effect of the introduction of prenatal diagnosis on the live-birth T21 prevalence of T21 was minimal, leading to the conclusion that the prenatal screening has to be improved in developing countries. Keywords: Bosnia and Herzegovina, maternal age, prenatal diagnosis, trends, trisomy 21 113 �COMPARISON OF MLL FUSION GENES EXPRESSION AMONG THE CYTOGENETICS ABNORMALITIES OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA AND THEIR CLINICAL EFFECTS Senol Dogan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senol.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Albenita Hajrović Muhamed Lišić Ercan Gokgoz Abstract Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with more aggressive prognosis than other subtypes. Translocations of MLL gene with other partner genes, forming the MLL-fusion proteins (MLL-FPs), are the main characteristics of MLL leukemia. Many studies have demonstrated that MLL-FPs such as: MLL-AF4, MLL-AF6, MLL-AF9, MLL-AF10, MLL-ENL, MLL-ELL, MLL-EPS15, as well as partial tandem duplication are the most common abnormalities that play significant role in MLLrearranged leukemia. Gene expression profiles from 197 patients and 180 clinical data were downloaded from TCGA database. R statistical program has classified clinical and genomic data simultaneously according to cytogenetic abnormalities. As a result of this analysis, the most frequent 47 MLLFPs genes expression have been detected and compared with other cytogenetic abnormalities such as t(4;11), t(9;11), t(8;21), t(15;17), complex, inversion 16, trisomy 8 and cytogenetically normal AML. 35 out of 46 MLL-FPs genes presented with abnormal gene expression profile. This study showed that MLL-FPs are not just active and related with MLL, but also with other subtypes of AML. Keywords: AML, MLL, data mining, cytogenetic abnormalities, fusion protein, gene expression 114 �THE DETECTION OF EXTREMELY HIGH AND LOW EXPRESSED GENES BY EGEF ALGORITHM IN INVASIVE BREAST CANCER Senol Dogan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senol.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Gunay Karli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gunay.karli@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Invasive breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease. The analysis of one or a group of specific gene expression profiles may not be enough to understand molecular activities in cancer cells. Therefore, a method which gives us the opportunity to compare similar up and down regulated gene expression profiles, is needed. The main purpose of our work is to sort the extreme high and low expressed genes and extract, compare and cluster them. Expression profiles of 598 samples of invasive breast cancer and 48 samples of normal tissue have been analysed to create a new algorithm called Extreme Gene Expression Family (EGEF). The EGEF algorithm sorted, grouped and compared the highest and the lowest expressed genes (n = 100). According to the hierarchical clustering result, dense and light memberships of gene families are detected. The resulting analysis allows us to predict which genes would show similar expression signatures in invasive breast cancer and to us to recognize specific biological activities and processes. EGEF algorithm can be used to detect expression signatures in other cancers and biological processes. Keywords: TCGA, invasive breast cancer, EGEF algorithm, expression pattern 115 �ANALYSIS OF GAUCHER DISEASE RESPONSIBLE GENES IN COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA Senol Dogan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senol.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Mesut Karatas International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Gaucher disease is a hereditary genetic abnormality which defects the pathway of sphingolipid catabolism. The mutation of GBA gene which encodes lysosomal β-glucosidase enzyme is the main characteristics of the disease also is observed in different cancer types. To find the relation between the disease and colon adenocarcinoma, the responsible gene expression of Gaucher disease was analyzed. The gene expression of colon adenocarcinoma was was compared between death and alive patients and analyzed statistically to profile the differences between Gaucher disease genes expression changes. GBA, GBA2, GBA3, SCARB2 and PSAP have the maximum genetic alteration which is observed in colon adenocarcinoma. Keywords: Gaucher disease, colon adenocarcinoma, glucosphingolipid, genetic mutations, macrophages, immune dysregulation 116 �DIAGNOSTICS OF COMMON MICRODELETION SYNDROMES USING FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION: SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Microdeletion syndromes are caused by chromosomal deletions of less than 5 megabases which can be detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We evaluated the most commonly detected microdeletions for the period from June 01, 2008 to June 01, 2015 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, including DiGeorge, Prader-Willi/Angelman, Wolf-Hirschhorn, and Williams syndromes. We report 4 patients with DiGeorge syndromes, 4 patients with Prader-Willi/Angelman, 4 patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and 3 patients with Williams syndrome in the analyzed 7 year period. Based on the positive FISH results for each syndrome, the incidence was calculated for the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. These are the first reported frequencies of the microdeletion syndromes in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Keywords: Microdeletion syndrome, DiGeorge, Williams, Prader-Willi, Angelman, Wolf-Hirschhorn, fluorescent in situ hybridization 117 �THE REALITY OF CANCER TREATMENT IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: THE EFFECTS OF DELAYED TKI TREATMENT ON SURVIVAL, CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR RESPONSES IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA PATIENTS Amina Kurtović-Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Cancer patients in developing and low-income countries have limited access to target therapies. For example, tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia patients (CML) is often delayed. In Bosnia, 16% of patients received immediate TKI treatment (<3 months of diagnosis), while 66% of patients received therapy after a median 14-month wait period. To assess the effect of delayed treatment on outcome, three patient groups were studied according to the time they received TKI treatment (0-5 months, 6-12 months and >13 months delay). The primary endpoints were complete cytogenetic (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) at 12 months. At 12 months of therapy, CCyR and MMR rates on imatinib decreased significantly: CCyR was achieved in 67% of patients in the immediate imatinib treatment group, 18% of patients in 6-12 months group and 15% of patients in >13 months wait group. MMR rates at 12 months occurred in 10% of patients with immediate treatment, 6% of those in 6-12 months group and 0% of patients in >13 months wait group. However, CCyR and MMR rates in patients on nilotinib were not associated with duration of treatment delay. Our data suggests that the deleterious effect of a prolonged TKI therapy delay may be ameliorated by the more active TKI nilotinib. Keywords: chronic myeloid leukaemia; cytogenetic response; molecular response; treatment delay 118 �APPLICATION OF ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY IN EVALUATION OF PROTEIN–NANOPARTICLE INTERACTIONS Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Iain Manfield Terry Wilkins Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) offer a number of advantages over small organic molecules for controlling protein behaviour inside the cell. Protein binding to the surface of NPs depends on their surface characteristics, composition and method of preparation (Mandal et al. in J Hazard Mater 248–249:238–245, 2013). It is important to understand the binding affinities, stoichiometries and thermodynamical parameters of NP–protein interactions in order to see which interaction will have toxic and hazardous consequences and thus to prevent it. On the other side, because proteins are on the brink of stability, they may experience interactions with some types of NPs that are strong enough to cause denaturation or significantly change their conformations with concomitant loss of their biological function. Structural changes in the protein may cause exposure of new antigenic sites, “cryptic” peptide epitopes, potentially triggering an immune response which can promote autoimmune disease (Treuel et al. in ACS Nano 8(1):503–513, 2014). Mechanistic details of protein structural changes at NP surface have still remained elusive. Understanding the formation and persistence of the protein corona is critical issue; however, there are no many analytical methods which could provide detailed information about the NP–protein interaction characteristics and about protein structural changes caused by interactions with nanoparticles. The article reviews recent studies in NP–protein interactions research and application of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) in this research. The study of protein structural changes upon adsorption on nanoparticle surface and application of ITC in these studies is emphasized. The data illustrate that ITC is a versatile tool for evaluation of interactions between NPs and proteins. When coupled with other analytical methods, it is important analytical tool for monitoring conformational changes in proteins. Keywords: Isothermal Titration Calorimetry, Nanoparticles, Proteins, Interactions, Gold nanoparticles, Protein–Nanoparticle Interaction. 119 �PHENOLIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT FRUIT TISSUES OF FIVE AUTOCHTHONOUS APPLE CULTIVARS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Maida Đapo University Džemal Bijedić Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Esma Velagić-Habul Fuad Gaši University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Jasmin Grahić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Apple consumption is related to the prevention of chronic diseases and improved health due to the presence of phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds. The compositional differences among apple cultivars and fruit tissues can be very significant in respect to the concentration of polyphenolic compounds. In this work, the phenolic composition of the flesh and peel of five autochthonous apple cultivars: 'Bobovec', 'Đulabija', 'Habikuša crvena', 'Samoniklica', and 'Sarija', and two commercial cultivars: 'Idared' and 'Golden Delicious' was investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a photodiode array (PDA) detector. All apples originated from the orchard “Srebrenik” (North East Bosnia) and were harvested in 2013. The studied apples were found to contain 14 individual phenolic compound, which belong to the four dominant polyphenolic classes. The eight polyphenolic compounds from peel and flesh of the autochthonous cultivars of apples were quantified and found to contain epicatechin and procyanidin B2 as the most abundant phenolic compounds in the peel, and chlorogenic acid as the most abundant phenolic compound in the flesh. In a comparison of fruit tissue within each cultivar, apple peel had a significantly higher phenolic content 120 �than a flesh. In general, it should be stated that according to the amount of polyphenols some autochthonous cultivars do not lag behind the current commercial cultivars. Keywords: autochthonous, Apple Cultivars, Phenolic Compounds 121 �PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF β-GLUCOSIDASE FROM AGARICUS BISPORUS (WHITE BUTTON MUSHROOM) Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Imer Muhović Abstract β-Glucosidase (β-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.21) is a catalytic enzyme present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that selectively catalyzes either the linkage between two glycone residues or between glycone and aryl or alkyl aglycone residue. Growing edible mushrooms in the soil with increased cellulose content can lead to the production of glucose, which is a process dependent on βglucosidase. In this study, β-glucosidase was isolated from Agaricus bisporus (white button mushroom) using ammonium sulfate precipitation and hydrophobic interaction chromatography, giving 10.12-fold purification. Biochemical properties of the enzyme were investigated and complete characterization was performed. The enzyme is a dimer with two subunits of approximately 46 and 62 kDa. Optimum pH for the enzyme is 4.0, while the optimum temperature is 55 °C. The enzyme was found to be exceptionally thermostable. The most suitable commercial substrate for this enzyme is p-NPGlu with 122 �Km and Vmax values of 1.751 mM and 833 U/mg, respectively. Enzyme was inhibited in a competitive manner by both glucose and δ-gluconolactone with IC50 values of 19.185 and 0.39 mM, respectively and Ki values of 9.402 mM and 7.2 µM, respectively. Heavy metal ions that were found to inhibit βglucosidase activity are I(-), Zn(2+), Fe(3+), Ag(+), and Cu(2+). This is the first study giving complete biochemical characterization of A. bisporus β-glucosidase. Keywords: Agaricus bisporus; Characterization; Hydrophobic interaction chromatography; Purification; White button mushroom; β-Glucosidase 123 �PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup distribution is widely used when investigating geographical clustering of different populations, which is why it plays an important role in population genetics, human migration patterns and even in forensic investigations. Individual determination of these haplogroups is mostly based on the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located in the non-recombining part of Y-chromosome (NRY). On the other hand, the number of forensic and anthropology studies investigating short tandem repeats on the Y-chromosome (Y-STRs) increases rapidly every year. During the last few years, these markers have been successfully used as haplogroup prediction methods, which is why they have been used in this study. Previously obtained Y-STR haplotypes (23 loci) from 100 unrelated Turkish males recently settled in Sarajevo were used for the determination of haplogroups via 'Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor' software. The Bayesian probability of 90 of the studied haplotypes is greater than 92.2% and ranges from 51.4% to 84.3% for the remaining 10 haplotypes. A distribution of 17 different haplogroups was found, with the Yhaplogroup J2a being most prevalent, having been found in 26% of all the samples, whereas R1b, G2a and R1a were less prevalent, covering a range of 10% to 15% of all the samples. Together, these four haplogroups account for 63% of all Y-chromosomes. Eleven haplogroups (E1b1b, G1, I1, I2a, I2b, J1, J2b, 124 �L, Q, R2, and T) range from 2% to 5%, while E1b1a and N are found in 1% of all samples. Obtained results indicate that a large majority of the Turkish paternal line belongs to West Asia, Europe Caucasus, Western Europe, Northeast Europe, Middle East, Russia, Anatolia, and Black Sea Y-chromosome lineages. As the distribution of Y-chromosome haplogroups is consistent with the previously published data for the Turkish population residing in Turkey, it was concluded that the analyzed population could also be recognized as a representative sample of the Turkish population residing in Turkey. Keywords: Y-Chromosome, haplogroup predictor, clustering, Y-STRs, Turkish population 125 �CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE BASED ON NEURO-FUZZY SOFTWARE IN: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, EMERGING TREATMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This chapter presents a system for classification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on fuzzy rules and a trained neural network. Fuzzy rules and neural network parameters are defined according to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. For neural network training more than one thousand medical reports obtained from database of the company CareFusion were used. The system was subsequently validated in 285 patients by physicians at the Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo. Out of the investigated patients, 99.19% of the 248 with COPD and all of the 37 individuals with normal lung function were classified correctly. Obtained sensitivity (99.3%) and specificity (100%) in COPD were assessed, as well. Implemeted neuro-fuzzy system for classification of COPD is based on a combination of spirometry and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, which enables more accurate classification of the disease. Additionally, a complete 126 �patient’s dynamic assessment can be obtained rather than a mere static assessment through the use of bronchodilatation and bronhoprovocation. 127 �TESTING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATORS AND INFANT INCUBATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The medical device industry has grown rapidly and incessantly over the past century. The sophistication and complexity of the designed instrumentation is nowadays rising and, with it, has also increased the need to develop some better, more effective and efficient maintenance processes, as part of the safety and performance requirements. This paper presents the results of performance tests conducted on 50 mechanical ventilators and 50 infant incubators used in various public healthcare institutions. Testing was conducted in accordance to safety and performance requirements stated in relevant international standards, directives and legal metrology policies. Testing of output parameters for mechanical ventilators was performed in 4 measuring points while testing of output parameters for infant incubators was performed in 7 measuring points for each infant incubator. As performance criteria, relative error of output parameters for mechanical ventilators and absolute error of output parameters for infant incubators was calculated. The ranges of permissible error, for both groups of devices, are regulated by the Rules on Metrological and Technical Requirements published in the Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 75/14, which are defined based on international recommendations, standards and guidelines. All ventilators and incubators were tested by etalons calibrated in an ISO 17025 accredited laboratory, which provides compliance to international standards for all measured parameters.The results show that 30% of the tested medical devices are not operating properly and should be serviced, recalibrated and/or removed from daily application. Keywords: Health Technology Management, Clinical Engineering, Healthcare, Infant Incubators, Mechanical Ventilators, Output Parameters, Safety, Standards, Testing 128 �SOFTWARE SOLUTION FOR TRACKING INSPECTION PROCESSES OF MEDICAL DEVICES FROM LEGAL METROLOGY SYSTEM Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Dijana Sejdinović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Layla Abdel-Ilah International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Emir Žunić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents software solution, eVerlab, for tracking processes of inspection of Medical Devices that are introduced into Legal Metrology System in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and are used in public and private health care institutions. The software is implemented in Oracle Application Development Framework Technology (ADF) and it is used to facilitate gathering of documents such as Inspection Certificates, Working Orders, Inspection Reports, Calculated Errors, and also to keep track of dates for next inspection. The software can be 129 �accessed online via Inspection Laboratory (Verlab) website, and all clients, as well as employees can login using their own username and password which makes all inspection data confidential. By Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 75/14, inspection process of Medical Devices that are introduced into Legal Metrology System in Bosnia and Herzegovina is legal obligation. All inspection procedures and rules defined by National Metrology Institute (NMI) of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) are based on Standards and Directives IEC 60601, ISO 62353 and MDD 93/42. Out of 331 health care institutions in BH 158 institutions were used for software validation more than 3000 inspection tests reports were imported in software. Keywords: Inspection, Medical devices, Metrology, Software 130 �DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on fuzzy rules. Fuzzy rules are defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, as well as through consultations with longterm experience of pulmologists. Our fuzzy system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, which are inputs to fuzzy system. Additionally, the use of bronchodilatation and bronhoprovocation enabled a complete patient's dynamic assessment rather than a simple static assessment. The system was retroactively tested with 1250 Medical Reports established by pulmologists, out of which 728 were diagnosed with asthma and 522 were healthy subjects. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, on this dataset, which were 91.89% and 95.01%, respectively. Keywords: Diseases, Fuzzy logic, Lungs, Software, Guidelines, Expert Systems 131 �CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on artificial neural network. A total of 1800 Medical Reports were used for neural network training. The system was subsequently tested through the use of 1250 Medical Reports established by physicians from hospital Sarajevo. Out of the aforementioned Medical Reports, 728 were diagnoses of asthma, while 522 were healthy subjects. Out of the 728 asthmatics, 97.11% were correctly classified, and the healthy subjects were classified with an accuracy of 98.85%. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, as well, which were 97.11% and 98.85%, respectively. Our system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, whose measurement results were inputs to artificial neural network. Artificial neural network is implemented to obtain both static and dynamic assessment of the patient's respiratory system. Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, Medical Diagnostic Imaging, Neurons, Diseases, Biological Neural Networks, Training, Estimation 132 �DEVELOPMENT AND PERSPECTIVES OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN SOUTH EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Abstract In respect with growing population, chronical disease management and aging population, the medicine and health care have drastically changed over the past decades. Engineering became more involved in medicine resulting in development of new discipline, Biomedical Engineering. As new engineering solution for problems in medicine regarding therapy, diagnosis and treatment have emerged, the need for new interdisciplinary educational curriculums evolved. Today, South East Countries are focused on developing new educational curriculums in Biomedical Engineering, following the models established in other European and United States Countries, and recognizing the new discipline - Biomedical Engineering as a professional discipline. International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering, supported by United Nations (UN), gives support for national societies that are focused on Biomedical Engineering. In this article, overview of development and perspectives of Biomedical Engineering in South East European (SEE) countries is given, with focus on Bosnia and Herzegovina. Keywords: Biomedical engineering, Medical diagnostic imaging, Medical services, Europe, Biology, Industries, Electrical engineering 133 �ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE DISCRIMINATION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE USING BIOMARKERS DATA Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Almir Aljović Abstract This paper presents the results of a study developing artificial neural network system (ANN) for classification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy patients. The classification is done using biomarkers, from cerebrospinal fluid: albumin ratio (CSF/Serum and/or Plasma), Aβ40 (CSF), Aβ42 (CSF), tau-total (CSF) and tau-phospho (CSF). Neural network input parameters are datasets from Alzbiomarkers database. Independent t-test is used to calculate statistical difference between input parameters. Developed neural network was validated with 80 subjects from Alzbiomarkers database. Out of 45 AD subjects, 43 were correctly classified as AD patients, obtaining a sensitivity of 95.5%, and out of 35 healthy subjects 32 were correctly classified obtaining specificity of 91.43%. Keywords: Artificial neural networks, Neurons, Alzheimer's disease, Biomarkers, Databases, Testing 134 �CLASSIFICATION OF STRESS RECOGNITION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Dijana Sejdinović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents the results of a study developing expert system to support stress recognition based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Developed ANN is trained using data from Physionet database and collected data from other researchers. The implemented system for stress recognition uses drivers ECG signal, Galvanic Skin Response and Respiration Rate as parameters. Developed neural network was validated with 77 samples. Samples are obtained from subjects using Pasco sensors in 7D cinemas. Out of 77 samples, in 71% of subjects higher level of stress is recognized, while 29% of subjects are classified as subjects with normal vital functions. An accuracy of 99% and specificity of 98% is obtained. Keywords: Stress, Artificial Neural Networks, Skin, Neurons, Heart rate, Automobiles 135 �DYNAMICAL MODEL OF TUBERCULOSIS-MULTIPLE STRAIN PREDICTION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Ahmed Osmanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Adnan Fojnica International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents implemented artificial neural network (ANN) for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis progression and dynamics. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused in most cases by microorganism, called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a huge problem in most low-income countries, and also in the Balkan region. The design of the artificial neural network is based on two strains of tuberculosis bacteria and multiple strains of tuberculosis. Training data sets contain 1000 reports for this artificial neural, 800 of them are used for estimation and 200 for validation. The ANN system is validated on 1400 patients from the Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo in the two years period. Out of 1315 patients, 99.24% are correctly classified as tuberculosis related patients. System was 100% successful on 85 patients were diagnosed with normal lung function. Sensitivity of 99.24% and specificity of 100% in tuberculosis classification are obtained. Our artificial neural network is a promising method for predicting diagnosis and possible treatment routine for tuberculosis disease. Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, Diseases, Drugs, Neurons, Sociology, Statistics, Estimation 136 �PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF β‐GLUCOSIDASE FROM BRASSICA OLERACEA Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Imer Muhović Abstract b-Glucosidase was purified from Brassica oleracea by salting out with ammoniumsulfate and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Results demonstrated thatthe enzyme is a dimer (130 kD) made up of one major (80 kD) and one minor sub-unit (50 kD). The pH optimum is 6.0, with 50% of the enzyme’s original activityremaining between pH 4.0 and pH 7.0. The temperature optimum is 35C, andactivity did not decrease after two hours of exposure to this temperature. Theactivity of the enzyme was investigated on four substrates, 4-Nitrophenyl b-D-glu-copyranoside (p-NPG), ortho-Nitrophenylb-D-glucopyranoside (o-NPG), para-Nitrophenyl-b-D-galactoside (p-NPGal) and ortho-Nitrophenyl-b-Dgalactoside(o-NPGal), and kmvalues were shown to be 0.755 mM, 0.174 mM, 0.988 mM and0.213 mM, while Vmaxvalues were 604 U/mg, 38 U/mg, 556 U/mg and 308 U/mg,respectively. The enzyme is completely inhibited by gluconolactone and glucoseagainst p-NPG as substrate, with kivalues of 0.038 137 �mM and 0.64 mM, respectively.To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating purification and character-ization of b-glucosidase from broccoli, thus providing a better understanding ofits role in the plant, and establishing a basis for further research. 138 �ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR WITH EXTRAORBITAL EXTENSION IN CHILDHOOD - A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Anes Mašović Ibrahim Omerhodžić Clinical Center University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Emina Hrvat Edin Begić Sarajevo School of Science and Technology Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Orbital pseudotumor (OPT) also known as idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome, is a nonspecific, non-neoplastic inflammatory process of the orbit. The most common symptoms of OPT are: periorbital edema, erythema, proptosis, ptosis, diplopia and decreased ocular motility . Subtypes of OPT are: focal mass, dacryoadenitis, miositis, diffuse orbital inflamation, perineuritis, periscleritis, eyelid pseudotumor and intracranial extension of OPT. Orbital pseudotumor is rare in pediatric age group and may cause real diagnostic problem. Also, intracranial extension of OPT is rare. Extension commonly develops through the superior orbital fissure into the middle cranial fossa and the cavernous sinus. We report clinical, MRI and PH findings of the 11-years old girl with diplopia, periorbital edema and amblyopia, who was surgically treated on our Department. While the clinical condition of a patient was getting worse, none of diagnostic procedures helped us making a diagnose and surgery was undertaken. The tumor was removed by gross total resection (MRI confirmed). Three months after the surgery, neurological deficit of the patient was in a significant regression. A patohistological analyses are proving diagnosis of orbital pseudotumor. Keywords: Pseudotumor, Orbita, Extraorbital Tumor Propagation 139 �MICRO CELL CULTURE ANALOG APPARATUS (µCCA) OUTPUT PREDICTION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gurbeta.lejla@ibu.edu.ba Halida Avdihodžić Sabina Halilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents a system for prediction of naphthalene concentration in the liver and lung compartments of a micro cell culture analog apparatus (μCCA) based on the Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The implemented ANN can be used to simulate organ and circulatory system reactions in terms of residual naphthalene concentrations. For neural network training, 100 samples were used and additional 100 samples were used for subsequent validation. For the lung compartment, the accuracy of prediction of naphthalene concentration is 97% and the accuracy of concentration prediction in liver compartment is 95%. Implemented neural network for prediction of residual concentration of naphthalene in lung and liver compartments of a μCCA uses the fraction of exiting stream that re-enters the microcircuit as input value. This system can be used for simulating the organ and circulatory system reactions before conducting experiments on micro cell culture analog apparatus. Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks, Lungs, Liver, Training, Neurons, Chemicals 140 �SENSOR FUSSION FOR SOLAR CAR ROUTE OPTIMIZATION Mehrija Hasičić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehrija.hasicic@ibu.edu.ba Haris Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper focuses on sensor data management in the Solar Car Optimized Route Estimation (SCORE) system which is currently being developed. The data collection is split into two phases: the a priori phase related to the environment and the real time phase related to the solar vehicle. The hardware and software architecture for a priori phase is illustrated in detail, while the real time phase is discussed as a part of the embedded car computer. The full system description for SCORE is presented with guidelines for the future work and implementation of it. Keywords: Automobiles, Computers, Optimization, Data collection, Mobile Communication, Servers 141 �PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION Mehrija Hasičić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehrija.hasicic@ibu.edu.ba Haris Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Damir Bilić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.bilic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Solar Car Optimized Route Estimation (SCORE) has been proposed in an earlier publication as an alternative navigation principle for solar cars, conducting route optimization based on both distance and solar irradiance data. This paper gives details about the implementation and discusses results of SCORE's use, suggesting possible limitations and future research directions. The results show limited applicability of solar irradiance data for route optimization, but suggesting that parking place selection is an important aspect that needs to be taken care of. The implementation uses both a MATLAB testbed application and C/C++ code for TI's ARM Cortex-M4F based TM4C123G LaunchPad, and the final version of the SCORE client is placed in a custom built solar vehicle. Combined with the previously developed server for sensor data collection and data processing and sensor transmitter infrastructure for solar irradiation, the route optimization system is fully operational. Keywords: Embedded Systems, Solar Vehicles, Routeoptimization, Navigation 142 �COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN PHISHING WEBSITE CLASSIFICATION Adnan Hodžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.hodzic@ibu.edu.ba Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Phishing is one among the luring strategies utilized by phishing artist in the aim of abusing the personal details of unsuspected clients. Phishing website is a counterfeit website with similar appearance, but changed destination. The unsuspected client post their information thinking that these websites originate from trusted financial institutions. New antiphishing techniques rise continuously, yet phishers come with new strategy by breaking all the antiphishing mechanisms. Hence there is a need for productive mechanism for the prediction of phishing website. This paper described comparison in classification of phishing websites using different Machinelearning algorithms. Random Forest (RF), C4.5, REP Tree, Decision Stump, Hoeffding Tree, Rotation Forest and MLP were used to determine which method provides the best results in phishing websites classification. All instances are categorized as 1 for “Legitimate”, 0 for “Suspicious” and 1 for “Phishy”. Results show that RF with REP Tree show the best performance on this dataset for classification of phishing websites. Keywords: Machine Learning, Phishing Websites 143 �USING DATABASE AUDIT FOR ANALYZING SUSPICIOUS BEHAVIOR ON HISTORICAL DATA Adnan Hodžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.hodzic@ibu.edu.ba Adem Karadag Abstract Database auditing is one of the biggest issues in data security. Absence of information auditing drives the business applications to the lost trail of business procedures. To cope with auditing and in order to track operations and the actors of those operations in time, we need historical data or temporary database. Legitimate and exchange times are two important time-stamps in temporary database. In this paper, we show the methods to handle database auditing in business exchange operations, accurate times, and performers of the operations. These strategies are separated in two sets; utilizing relational databases, and utilizing semi-structured information. Keywords: Database Audit, Historical Data 144 �AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PROJECT SUCCESS Nermina Durmić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nermina.durmic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the relationship between project-specific intellectual capital (IC) and project success in the context of information technology (IT) projects. Design/methodology/approach – Using data collected from surveys of 603 IT professionals across a variety of projects, the authors constructed a structural (structural equation model) model in AMOS to examine the relationships between three dimensions of project-specific IC (project team, project customer and project process) and project success. Findings – The empirical results support the proposition that IC has a positive impact on project success, and thus may be a good indicator of future projects’ performance. More importantly, the authors found out an important mediating role of a project’s structural capital (process) in exploiting its human (team) and relational (customer) capital for realising project success. Research limitations/implications – Interpretation of current results should be considered in light of the following methodological limitations: convenient rather than systematic sampling, use of previously untested measures and prevailing European subjects. Practical implications – These results suggest that project-based organisations need to invest heavily in their project workforce talent and then translate it into superior project practices in order to produce successful IT projects. They also need to maintain close relationships with their project customers and involve them during the entire project process. Originality/value – The current empirical evidence extends the understanding of the role of IC in improving project success and thus helps project-based organisations create and maintain competitive advantage in emerging economies. Keywords: Project management, Surveys, Knowledge management, Intellectual capital, Empirical study, Project success 145 �COMPARISON OF ENSEMBLE CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES AND SINGLE CLASSIFIERS PERFORMANCE FOR CUSTOMER CREDIT ASSESSMENT Adnan Dželihodžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.dzelihodzic@ibu.edu.ba Dženana Đonko University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Assuming that the credit is one of the most important banking products it follows that the quality assessment of customer creditworthiness is an essential factor for reducing the risk. With the intention to make a good assessment of creditworthiness many models and algorithms have been developed. Data mining algorithms for classification are very suitable for determining the validity of the application for credit. This paper presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the algorithms for classification of credit applications when they are used alone (as single classifier) as well as comparison with ensemble techniques usage. The techniques used as single classifiers are Neural Networks, Decision Trees and Support Vector Machines (SVM), and ensemble techniques AdaBoost and Bagging. K-fold crossvalidation is used for model validation. Experiment is conducted in the Bosnian commercial bank dataset and results according to classification parameters such as accuracy and AUC are presented. Keywords: Classification, Data Mining, Credit Assessment, Ensemble Techniques. 146 �CLASSIFICATION OF ON-OFF STATES OF APPLIANCE CONSUMPTION SIGNATURES Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Emir Salihagić Abstract Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a procedure for the analysis of the changes in the power (current and voltage) that goes into households and classifying the appliances used in the house according to their individual energy consumption. Utility companies use smart electric meters accompanied with NILM to examine the particular uses of electric power in households. Focus of this paper is on the analysis of the “ACS-F2 Database of Appliance Consumption Signatures”. The challenge lies in predicting the states of the electrical devices based on the measuring data which had been previously stored. Machine learning techniques have demonstrated to be effective in classification and pattern recognition tasks. In this paper, different algorithms implemented in the WEKA software are going to be used for the classification. Keywords: Home Appliances, Databases, Training, Classification algorithms, Monitoring, Vegetation, Algorithm design and Analysis 147 �AN INNOVATIVE RFID-BASED SOLUTION TO SECURE PARKING SPOTS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGWS Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Enes Sukic Sami Miniaoui Abstract Using RFID Technology is increasingly integrated in our daily life. We are presenting in this paper the secured parking spots for physically challenged ‘‘SPSPC’’ system implementing the RFID technology for managing parking slots of physically challenged. We demonstrated using scenarios (car with tag, car with expired date tag, car without tag) that the ‘SPSPC’ system is able to recognize not only cars equipped with tag -then send accordingly welcoming SMS -but also cars without tags by checking with a step tag fixed in the wall. Operational mode of the ‘SPSPC’ system is illustrated as well as main components, methods, snippets of code and interfaces are presented and commented. In addition, we demonstrated how the ‘SPSPC’ system is providing the tracking of people committing repetitively these violations -by reporting them to the authorities- and generating statistics on parking occupancy rates helping in providing sufficient slots. Keywords: RFID Technology, Parking Management, System Design 148 �III PART: Faculty of Education and Humanities 149 �HOME RHAPSODIES: CARYL PHILLIPS AND CARTOGRAPHY OF TRANSGRESSIVITY Ibrahim Murat Oner International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina murat.oner@ibu.edu.ba Mustafa Bal International University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Transgressivity, in a broad sense, denotes a state of movement from one distinct position, mode, or territory to another, be it spatial, geographical, mental, spiritual, or even narrative. Transgression occurs when one crosses boundaries, in other words, limes of different entities. Geocritical transgressivity, which is a multifaceted concept, may lead to a variety of interpretations at many different strata. Transgressivity finds echoes in Caryl Phillips’s narratives, at times in geographical forms, where a deterritorialized character crosses borders without ever gaining reterritorialization, at other times, in his fragmented narration where the reader stands at a threshold. Our paper uses Phillips’s A New World Order (2001) in particular as a key text through this geocritical lens of transgressivity to see to what extent it functions as the author’s map legend that presents a cartographic pattern of his writing in general. Our discussion also focuses on Phillips’s distinct analyses in A New World Order to shed light on his other narratives in a geocritical context. Keywords: Caryl Phillips, A New World Order, Transgressivity, Deterritorialization, Reterritorialization, Transcendental Homelessness, Rhapsody, Geocriticism 150 �COMPLEX PREDICATE CONSTRUCTIONS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE Lola Turker International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lola.turker@ibu.edu.ba Azamat Akbarov International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina azamat.akbarov@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Complex predicates are defined as constructions consisting of preverb/converb/coverb + ‘light verb’ (Bowern 2006). Each component of the complex construction contributes to the internal argument structure. The typology of complex predicates exhibits cross-linguistic similarities and differences. This study investigates the complex predicate constructions in Uzbek, which possesses a rich variety of light verb constructions. Novel data from Uzbek is provided, and it is analyzed on the basis of proposed criteria in the government and binding theory (GB) literature for complex predicates. The analysis reveals that these constructions express simultaneity, cause and effect, and consecutivity. Both verbs in complex constructions share the same subject, and they describe a single event. However, the object may or may not be shared by both verbs. What is significant about Uzbek light verbs is that they both host inflection, and contribute to the event structure. That is, tense and agreement markers, as well as aspectual markers are carried by the light verb. The constituency is strict in complex predicates, and there cannot be an intervention between the converb and the light verb by such elements as interrogatives, negation, or temporal adverbs. Keywords: Complex Predicates, Light Verbs, Uzbek Language, Construction, Derivation 151 �CULTURAL VARIATION IN PERCEPTION OF POLITENESS NORMS Lola Turker International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lola.turker@ibu.edu.ba Azamat Akbarov International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina azamat.akbarov@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This study aims to discuss the speech acts of requesting and apologizing cross-culturally and crosslinguistically. At a more specific level, the study investigates the connection between politeness and indirectness. In the present study, multiple choice discourse completion tasks (MDCT) are used to collect data. MDCT is a method of data collection which provides fully comparable data in different languages, making it possible to draw conclusions about culture specific politeness norms. The data is based on requests elicited from Bosnian and Turkish university students. The study focuses on a qualitative analysis of data. However, a quantitative analysis is provided for cross-cultural comparison. The description of data analysis also contains gender variable, which is provided for further extension of research. The findings display that strategies elaborated for request and apology realizations vary across cultures and across gender. Keywords: Politeness, Request, Apology, Cross-Cultural Pragmatics, Discourse Strategy 152 �DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION THROUGH ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS USED IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN B&H Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract In today’s globalized world mono-cultural societies have been gradually disappearing. A trend towards the creation of multicultural societies began in 1960s. New multicultural societies were forced by the virtue of new conditions to engage themselves with others. The number of international institutions has adopted documents, which became the backbone of new education policy. Therefore, school systems worldwide began to work intensively on the promotion of intercultural values among young people. Intercultural education is most explicitly accomplished through textbook contents which encourage interaction, exchange, desegregation, interdependency and solidarity among people belonging to different cultural groups living in the same territory. Yet nowadays many multicultural nations encounter difficulties in holding together multicultural diversity and in establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships. This work deals with content analysis as one of the most frequently applied research methods in the field of education; and it is concerned with the analysis of the intercultural content in English language textbooks used in B&H in elementary schools. The main goal of this research is to determine the quantity and quality of content that point to intercultural education in the textbooks of English language used in elementary schools in the Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research involves both quantitative and qualitative analysis. We selected nine categories, important for intercultural education throughout English language textbooks: identity, cooperation and friendship, respect, tolerance, cultural relativism, stereotype, prejudice, oppression, and labeling. Results of textual analysis will offer scientific insight about the possible contributions of English language textbooks to intercultural education in B&H. This research for us is important because we believe that if multiculturalism is accepted as an asset not as a burden, with its proper utilization within the education system, multicultural nations would inevitably continue to benefit from their diversity. 153 �IMPACT OF SOCIAL CHANGES ON TEACHER’S ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Azamat Akbarov International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina azamat.akbarov@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Social changes have an enormous impact on education systems. Changes in society and the rapid technological development in recent decades have necessitated the reform of educational system. The social role of teachers, as well as their responsibilities and obligations have significantly altered. The scope of work and responsibilities of teachers have become greater, but their status in society is much lower. Increasing responsibility and obligations cause frustration and stress for teachers. Their university education must be adapted to tailor to the new requirements and their obligations. Permanent education during their work must function as training, so that they can deal with the new duties and responsibilities that they face in modern times. 154 �THE DETERMINANTS OF LIFELONG LEARNING Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Jasmina Sinanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmina.sinanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The aim of this paper is to introduce drivers of lifelong learning and to emphasize its importance in modern life. Developed economies throughout the world are driven more by knowledge and globalization than were economies of even the recent past. European economies of the 20th century were largely driven by manufacturing and the need to industrialize. Filling such economies with functional workers required education systems of similar design, that turned out masses of equallyeducated workers in large batches. Increased automation, the widespread introduction of computer technologies and communications, and cheaper transportation have combined to encourage firms to be lean, international, and changing. Computer technologies encouraged sharing of documents, speeded workflow from design to production. Cheaper transportation allowed an increase in internationalization of workforces. These major shifts drove change from industrialized to knowledgebased economies. Paper discusses how two simple English words came together, stayed together, and grew into a powerful term driving new political initiatives, and continue to influence political, economic, social, and even cultural currents. Today's developed societies are rapidly aging, live longer and have fewer children. In order to continue to grow vibrant economies, and to fully enjoy the benefits of these vibrant economies, citizens need to continue to renew knowledge and skills during entire lifetime. As the major technological, economic, and social currents change, so must citizens adapt by never ceasing to learn throughout their lifetimes. Keywords: Economics, Lifelong Learning, Lifelong Education, Knowledge Economy, Globalisation, Change. 155 �LEARNING ENGLISH AND MEDIA LITERACY Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Yaman Abstract Learning a second language has great benefits in the academia and the business world. Especially learning English is a crucial factor in upward mobility around the world. The media have become a major component in learning English. The media, with television, mobile phones, computers, and the internet can provide more exposure to English language and culture as well as providing more chances to interact and communicate with native speakers of English. The benefits of the media in language learning are undeniable. Yet stereotyping and misrepresentation prevalent in and sophisticated construction of media materials raise the arguable view that the media programs are promoting only certain lifestyle and culture. Do media programs harbor cultural alienation in children? Do media materials endorse obliteration of African, Asian, and Eastern European cultures? This paper examines the careful usage of the media in English learning from a cultural studies and critical pedagogy perspectives. 156 �OBRAZOVANJE BOSNJAKINJE I NJENA DRUSTVENA ULOGA U VRIJEME OSMANSKEUPRAVE NA PROSTORU DANJASNJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Remzija Hurić-Bećirović Abstract Education is the most important social activity. Prosperous societies are constantly doing researches and analyses in order to improve their educational systems as a means of ensuring social, economic, and cultural development. This paper is focusing on educational system in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Ottoman rule. Its purpose is to determine and interpret education of a Bosniak woman and her social role in that period. Analysis of the relevant texts proved that Bosniak women acquired knowledge in various institutions such as maktabs, schools, tekes, etc., using Arabic lettering and Bosančica (Bosnian Cyrillic). They had a notable place in the society and were independent in management of their properties and even invested/founded their possessions in social institutions, especially those of educational character. They were involved in many social activities and were awarded titles like bula, hodzha, vaiz, muallim, hafiz, hajji, founder, and even sheikh. Also, some of them were managers of various institutions, trying to give contribution to the wellbeing of the society, primarily through education and investments in educational institutions or in their maintenance. 157 �THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE Bećirović Senad International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This study deals with the research into the relationship between gender, motivation and achievement in learning English as a foreign language. A good command of English is of paramount importance for an individual to be successful in numerous aspects of life such as professional, personal and educational. The aim of this research was to determine how gender influences motivation and achievement in learning English as a foreign language. The research sample consists of 185 students aged ten (fifth grade), fourteen (ninth grade) and eighteen (twelfth grade). The results demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between gender and motivation. Ten-year-old students exhibit the highest motivation for learning English as a foreign language, while the eighteen-year-olds exhibit the lowest motivation. In addition, female students are more successful at learning English as a foreign language than male students at each group/grade level. Moreover, the findings also reveal statistically significant results in measuring the correlation between achievement and motivation and can be highly beneficial for teachers, parents and students in adopting the most effective approach to learning and teaching English as a foreign language. Keywords: Motivation, Gender, Foreign Language, Grade Level, Achievement, Correlation 158 �ENGLISH AS A WINDOW INTO UNDERSTANDING BRAIN Ana Tankosić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ana.tankosic@ibu.edu.ba Azamat Akbarov International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina azamat.akbarov@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The purpose of our study is to closely examine the effect od human cognitive and social levels on lexis perception. This relationship is a concern of cognitive linguistics, which concentrates on cognitive and cultural resources in use when the connection between words in the human brain and their usage is made. In the same way, the schema that helps in the organization of already acquired lexis and which simultaneously assists in the acquisition of new lexis is constructed. The field of cognitive linguistics alo encompasses a grammatical approach called cognitive grammar. This approach to language is based on our experience of the world and the ways we perceive and conceptualise it.Exposure to language is mandatory to initiate the acquisition process, which is computed by the brain in various ways. Although cognitive factors have a great impact on meaning perception, social factors cannot be overseen. Language is not only used to express thoughts and interpret meaning, but also to construct meaning from various contexts and discourses. During our study, we conducted an experiment followed by interviews of participants in order to get insights into the human perception of lexis in descriptive texts, and the process of combining these lexical items and how they form grammatical constructions. Keywords: Cognitive Linguistics, Lexis, Perception, Social Linguistics 159 �SEVİNÇ ÇOKUM'UN HİKAYELERİ'NDE YALNIZLIK Ayşe Dinç International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ayse.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Sezai Coşkun Abstract Sevinç Çokum, hikȃyelerini Türk Edebiyatında modern hayatın meselelerinin yoğun bir şekilde işlendiği dönemde kaleme almaya başlamıştır. Çokum, hikȃyelerinde pek çok insanî meseleyi duyarlılıkla işlemiştir. İnsanlığın başlangıcından itibaren var olan yalnızlık ise, geçmiş dönemlerde edebiyatın bir meselesi olarak yer alsa da modern dönemde insan hayatının merkezine yerleşmesinden dolayı öne çıkan temel birkaç meseleden biri olmuştur. Bu bağlamda ele aldığımız yalnızlık, Çokum’un hikȃyelerine üç temel noktada yansımıştır. Modern hayatın getirdiği kentleşme, bireyselleşme, göç gibi çeşitli olguların insan hayatını etkilemesi ve bireyi yalnızlaştırması onun hikȃyelerinde vurguladığınoktalardan biridir. Yalnızlık, bu hikȃyelerde modern hayat neticesinde ortaya çıkan olgular nedeniyle mekȃn değiştiren, varoluşsal sorulara cevap veremeyen veya yeni durumuna uyumsağlayamayan bireylerin yaşadıkları bir hal olarak ortaya konulur. Sevinç Çokum, metafizik bir yaklaşımla ele aldığı hikȃyelerinde ise yalnızlığıbireyi olgunlaştıran ve onu içsel anlamda zenginleştiren iyi bir hal olarak ele alır. Bu tür hikȃyelerde kimizaman bireysel gelişimi tamamlayan bir olgu olarak yer alırken bazıdurumlarda ise kişiyi ermişlik mertebesine çıkaran bir hal olarak kurgulanır. Çokum’un hikȃyelerinde üçüncühal olarak ise eşya ve yalnızlık ilişkisi işlenir. Eşyanın ancak insanla birlikte değer kazanmasına vurgu yapılan bu hikȃyelerde varlığa metafizik bir boyutta bakışsöz konusudur. Çokum, hayatı, değişimi, bireyin içdünyasına yansıyanlarıeşyanın yalnız hali üzerinden kurgular.Çokum’un hikȃyelerinde temel meselelerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkan yalnızlık, çok yönlü olarak kurgulanmakta ve yazarın edebî şahsiyetinin temel özelliklerinden biri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada Çokum’un metinleri söz konusu çerçevede incelenecektir. Keywords: Türk Hikȃyesi, Yalnızlık, Modernite, Gelenek, Sevinç Çokum 160 �MUŠKO-ŽENSKI ODNOSI KROZ POSLOVICE U B/H/S I ENGLESKOM JEZIKU Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina vildana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The male-female relationship constitutes an eternal enigma analysed in different ways throughout the history. The status of women through the ages has been significantly different from the status of men; the domestic domain of their home has been regarded as a female space, while the public life has been reserved for males. Women have been invisible in many aspects of life; the procreation has been viewed as their most important function, while not protesting and accepting the fate in silence have been considered their highest virtues. The present paper illustrates how this topic is described in proverbs, and the contrastive analysis sheds light on the similarities/differences between the conception of women, men and the relationship between them in two languages: B/C/S and English. Although the results indicate that in both languages the dichotomy male-female does not divide the world into two symmetrical parts with regard to the power, freedom and rights being marked by the male dominance, the inequality is more visible in B/C/S. Keywords: Proverb, Contrastive Analysis, Male-Female Relationship 161 �ENGLISH IN BOSNIAN ADVERTISING DISCOURSE Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina vildana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Eldin Milak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina eldin.milak@ibu.edu.ba Abstract English, as today’s lingua franca is not only spoken by an unprecedented number of people but it also exerts a great influence over other languages serving as a fertile field for lexical borrowing. The present paper aims to illustrate the impact of English on the standard Bosnian language as evidenced in the language use in advertising. It is expected the the influence of the current global language is especially present in this domain, since it uses different resources including language to attract the attention of the audience and to transmit the idea od modern lifestyle. The paper investigates language use, the use of English expressions in Bosnian, the level to which they have been adapted, assimilated and integrated into the system of the Bosnian language, in different advertisments people are exposed to on televisions, in print media, billboards or product packaging. Both local and foreign-sourced advertisments are taken into consideration to see whether thay follow the same trends. Keywords: Language Borrowing, Language Change, Global Language. 162 �TEST-TAKING STRATEGIES: THE CASE OF TOEFL READING Ceylani Akay International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ceylani.akay@ibu.edu.ba Salih Cıngıllıoğlu International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This study aims to contribute to the exploration of test-taking strategies readers use in the reading component of the TOEFL. By means of verbal reports and observation, this study explores how the two types of readers respond to multiple choice tests and use test taking strategies. The results yielded that average readers used significantly fewer strategies than did good readers, which contradicts the 1991 study by Anderson that found both types of readers use the same number of strategies. However, the results support Anderson’s claim that good readers can manage their strategies better than average readers. Keywords: Reading proficiency,Test strategies, TOEFL. 163 �AN INVESTIGATION OF LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES USED BY UNIVERSITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING STUDENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CONSIDERING THE GENDER VARIABLE Ceylani Akay International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ceylani.akay@ibu.edu.ba Salih Cıngıllıoğlu International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The purpose of this study is to assess the language learning strategies used by English Language Teaching students in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Oxford's Stratetegy Inventory Language Learning (SILL) was conducted to investigate the differences between male and female university students in BiH.The study also explores the effect of gender on strategy choice of university students in BiH in the ELT departments. The more we discover about the language learning strategies, the more we influence the performance of language learners. This study contributes to further implications for research on language learning strategies, material design and teacher education. Keywords: Language Learning, Teaching, Metacognitive, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 164 �Contents I PART: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences................... 2 THE EFFECT OF LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EFFECTIVENESS OF NGOS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ................................................................................................. 3 Ali Coskun ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Hasan Metin.................................................................................................................................................................. 3 THE MICROFINANCE TALE: THE BRIGHT AND DARK SIDES OF THE NARRATIVE BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA EXPERIENCES (CHAPTER 17) .......................................................................... 4 Ali Coskun ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Zehra Mahmutović ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 BEHAVIORAL FINANCE PERSPECTIVE ON MANAGERIAL DECISION MAKING UNDER RISK IN COMMERCIAL BANKS 5 Ali Coskun ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Amra Halaba ................................................................................................................................................................. 5 MACD - ANALYSIS OF WEAKNESSES OF THE MOST POWERFUL TECHNICAL ANALYSIS TOOL 6 Sanel Halilbegović ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF A DEVELOPING MARKETS STOCK EXCHANGE MERGERS: CASE OF A BORSA ISTANBUL AND SARAJEVO STOCK EXCHANGE................................................. 7 Sanel Halilbegović ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 LIMITATIONS AND INCONSISTENCIES OF STANDALONE USAGE OF STOCHASTICS INDICATOR IN STOCK TRADING 8 Sanel Halilbegović ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Elvisa Buljubašić ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 IMPACT OF HIGHER EDUCATION SERVICE QUALITY ON STUDENT SATISFACTION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON LOYALTY: FOCUS ON FIRST CYCLE OF STUDIES AT ACCREDITED HEI IN BH 9 Emina Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................... 9 THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA-GEORGIA WAR IN SOUTH OSSETIA AND THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ON THE EXPORT OF GEORGIA ............................................................................... 10 Ahmet Sekretar........................................................................................................................................................... 10 MEASURING THE EFFECT OF TRADE OPENNESS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN CASE OF GEORGIA 11 Ahmet Sekretar........................................................................................................................................................... 11 Azer Dilanchev ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 165 �WHAT DETERMINES POST-IPO MARKET PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH IPOS 12 Ahmet Sekretar........................................................................................................................................................... 12 Fatih Macit .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Selver Seda.................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Esra Simsek ................................................................................................................................................................. 12 REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE BALKAN REGION 13 Teoman Duman .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Merdžana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Erkan Ilgün .................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Uğur Ergun .................................................................................................................................................................. 13 IMPACT OF LEASING PERFORMANCE FACTORS ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION; EMPHASIS ON VB LEASING 14 Merdžana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 Almir Ljeskovica .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 THE IMPACT OF VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD COMPUTING TO MODERN BUSINESS 16 Merdžana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 16 Aida Habul................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Miza Habul .................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Dario Frimel ................................................................................................................................................................ 16 IMPLEMENTATION METHODS AND TOOLS FOR CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN SME ....................................................................................... 18 Merdžana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 18 Aida Habul................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Dževad Šašić................................................................................................................................................................ 18 EXPLORING THE DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 19 Nataša Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 19 PERCEIVED SATISFACTION WITH PUBLIC TRANSPORT SERVICE: CASE STUDY OF GRAS 20 Nataša Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 20 Haris Tandir ................................................................................................................................................................. 20 SUPPORTING THE THEORY ON THE POTENTIALS OF IMMOBILE RESOURCES FOR CREATING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES IN RURAL AREAS ................................................................... 21 Nataša Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 21 166 �Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 21 Sabahudin Bajramović ................................................................................................................................................ 21 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA – CASE STUDY............................................... 22 Nataša Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 22 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 22 Sabahudin Bajramović ................................................................................................................................................ 22 INFLUENCE OF NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON FORMING COUNTRY IMAGE AND DEVELOPING THE COUNTRY BRAND USING PUBLIC DIPLOMACY .................... 24 Mehmet Turker ........................................................................................................................................................... 24 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 THE PERCEPTION OF INFORMATIONAL BARRIERS TO THE INTERNATIONALISATION OF BOTH MICRO-SMALL SIZED AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES .............................................. 25 Mehmet Turker ........................................................................................................................................................... 25 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 25 PRIMING THE NATION FOR WAR: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCE AND DISCURSIVE MACHINATIONS OF THE SERB DEMOCRATIC PARTY IN PRE-WAR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA 26 Adis Maksić ................................................................................................................................................................. 26 PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS IT SECURITY IN ONLINE BANKING BY STUDENTS OF ALBANIA 27 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Nedim Makarević........................................................................................................................................................ 27 PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENTS TOWARDS QUALITY OF SERVICES AT PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA .............................................................. 28 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Edin Smajić .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Aldina Rastoder .......................................................................................................................................................... 28 Ekrem Nurović ............................................................................................................................................................ 28 THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN FOSTERING INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 29 Nedim Čelebić ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Aziz Šunje .................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Ermin Cero .................................................................................................................................................................. 29 ROLE OF PERCEPTION IN THE STRATEGIC MAKING PROCESS: CASE OF THE MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................................... 30 167 �Nedim Čelebić ............................................................................................................................................................. 30 Aziz Šunje .................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Dženan Kulović ........................................................................................................................................................... 30 THE IMPACTS OF ETHICAL CLIMATE TYPES ON NURSES’ BEHAVIORS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 31 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 31 Alma Hurić .................................................................................................................................................................. 31 THE IMPACT OF PERSONAL ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORM, AND PERCEIVED BEHAVIOURAL CONTROL ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS OF WOMEN ..................... 33 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 33 Semira Budić ............................................................................................................................................................... 33 ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE’S JOB SATISFACTION: THE CASE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................ 34 Muhammet Said Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 34 Hamidullah Bayram .................................................................................................................................................... 34 THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: A STUDY OF NURSES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.............................. 35 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 35 Alma Hurić .................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Aldina Rastoder .......................................................................................................................................................... 35 THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ETHICAL LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: A STUDY OF PRIVATE PRIMARY AND HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 36 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 36 Hatice Senyurt ............................................................................................................................................................ 36 THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, GENDER AND PERFORMANCE IN FINANCE SECTOR ............................................................................................... 37 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 37 Azra Prašović ............................................................................................................................................................... 37 HOW WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND WORK VALUES DIFFER FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ............................................................................................... 38 Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 38 Muzaffer Aydemir ....................................................................................................................................................... 38 Mehmet Çağlar ........................................................................................................................................................... 38 THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG PERSONAL BACKGROUND, PERSONALITY TRAITS, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENSION OF WOMEN IN NORTHERN MONTENEGRO 168 39 �Muhammet Said Dinc ................................................................................................................................................. 39 Minela Hadžić ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 IMPACT OF A BRAND ON CONSUMER DECISION MAKING PROCESS 40 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 40 Sulejman Hibić ............................................................................................................................................................ 40 EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON BRAND EQUITY AND BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION: A CASE STUDY ON DOMESTIC BRANDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA .... 41 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 41 Sumeja Softić .............................................................................................................................................................. 41 HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF WHAT WAS STUDIED AND WHERE WAS RESEARCHED ............................................................................................... 42 Nereida Hadziahmetović ............................................................................................................................................ 42 KNOWLEDGE AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A SHARED APPROACH TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE 43 Meliha Handžić ........................................................................................................................................................... 43 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SELECTION MODEL FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT 44 Meliha Handžić ........................................................................................................................................................... 44 AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PROJECT SUCCESS 45 Meliha Handžić ........................................................................................................................................................... 45 Nermina Durmić ......................................................................................................................................................... 45 Adnan Kraljić ............................................................................................................................................................... 45 Tarik Kraljić ................................................................................................................................................................. 45 A CONTINGENCY APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: FINDING THE BEST FIT 47 Meliha Handžić ........................................................................................................................................................... 47 Muhammed Kürşad Özlen .......................................................................................................................................... 47 Nermina Durmić ......................................................................................................................................................... 47 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT MEETS HUMANITIES: A CASE STUDY OF DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE VISUALISATION ............................................................................................... 48 Meliha Handžić ........................................................................................................................................................... 48 Senada Dizdar ............................................................................................................................................................. 48 HETEROSKEDASTICITY CONSISTENT COVARIANCE MATRIX ESTIMATORS IN SMALL SAMPLES WITH HIGH LEVERAGE POINTS .................................................................................. 50 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 50 Esra Şimşek ................................................................................................................................................................ 50 169 �ETHICAL AND SYSTEMIC DILEMMAS OF CREDIT RATINGS .. 51 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 51 Hami Sakab ................................................................................................................................................................. 51 Harun Yükselc ............................................................................................................................................................. 51 BLACK SWAN STICKING OUT IN TURKISH BANKING SECTOR52 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 52 Hasan Gocen ............................................................................................................................................................... 52 Halit Akturk ................................................................................................................................................................. 52 II PART: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences ......... 53 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE DETECTION USING RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER 54 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 54 MALICIOUS WEB SITES DETECTION USING C4.5 DECISION TREE 55 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 55 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 55 SENSOR FUSION FOR SOLAR CAR ROUTE OPTIMIZATION... 56 Mehrija Hasičić ........................................................................................................................................................... 56 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 56 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 56 MURDER ON THE EINSTEIN EXPRESS AND OTHER STORIES 57 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 57 OTPORNOST BETONSKIH KONSTRUKCIJA NA POŽAR .......... 58 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 58 OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INDUSTRIAL HALLS WITH MAIN GIRDERS “I TYPE” ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2 FOR SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY 59 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 59 Husein Okugić ............................................................................................................................................................. 59 COMPARISON OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND GANTT CHART APPROACH IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 60 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 60 Sarina Šabotić ............................................................................................................................................................. 60 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 60 Emir Bračković ............................................................................................................................................................ 60 170 �STRAW – CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL OF HISTORY AND FUTURE, SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING........................................................................ 62 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 62 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 62 Maja Popovac Roso .................................................................................................................................................... 62 OPTIMIZATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF MAIN GIRDERS OF "TYPE A" FOR THE PREFABRICATED PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INDUSTRIAL HALLS FOR SERVICEABILITY AND DURABILITY ACCORDING TO EC2 63 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 63 Husein Okugić ............................................................................................................................................................. 63 JAJCE – TOWN OF SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN NATURE AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT-ST. LUKA’S TOWER - ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL LANDMARK..................................................... 64 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 64 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 64 UTICAJ DEBLJINE POKROVNOG SLOJA BETONA NA OTPORNOST NA POŽAR ARMIRANOBETONSKIH PLOČA PREMA EUROCODE 2 ......................................................................... 65 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 65 Hamdo Mešić .............................................................................................................................................................. 65 APPLICATION OF FRACTAL GEOMETRY PRINCIPLES IN ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS AND THE USE OF FRACTAL ANALYSIS SOFTWARES FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHITECTURAL ORNAMENTS 66 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 66 Lejla Kargić .................................................................................................................................................................. 66 CULTURAL REFLECTIONS ON ARCHITECTURAL SPACE: THE CASE OF SINGLE RESIDENTIAL UNIT 67 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 67 Erna Husukić ............................................................................................................................................................... 67 MOTIVATION OF ENGINEERS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY68 Ahmed El Sayed .......................................................................................................................................................... 68 Ismail Hakki Demir ...................................................................................................................................................... 68 CHARACTERISTICS OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS IN THE WEST BALKANS: A FIRST REPORT ............................................................................................... 69 Elma Ferić Bojić ........................................................................................................................................................... 69 Monia Avdić Ibrišimović ............................................................................................................................................. 69 Mirsada Hukić ............................................................................................................................................................. 69 Sanja Jakovac .............................................................................................................................................................. 69 171 �Borka Tutiš .................................................................................................................................................................. 69 Maja Ostojić ................................................................................................................................................................ 69 A NOVEL HYBRID CONTOURING CONTROL METHOD FOR 3-DOF ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS 71 Tarik Uzunović ............................................................................................................................................................ 71 Eray A. Baran .............................................................................................................................................................. 71 Edin Golubović ............................................................................................................................................................ 71 Asif Šabanović ............................................................................................................................................................. 71 EMBEDDED AUTOMATIC SCHEDULING SYSTEM .................. 73 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 73 Tarik Uzunović ............................................................................................................................................................ 73 FORCE CONTROL OF PIEZOELECTRIC WALKER ..................... 74 Tarik Uzunović ............................................................................................................................................................ 74 Edin Golubović ............................................................................................................................................................ 74 Asif Šabanović ............................................................................................................................................................. 74 FORMATION CONTROL OF DIFFERENTIAL-DRIVE MOBILE ROBOTS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF FUNCTIONALLY RELATED SYSTEMS................................................................................ 75 Tarik Uzunović ............................................................................................................................................................ 75 Asif Šabanović ............................................................................................................................................................. 75 DSC-BASED IMPLEMENTATION FOR POWER CONTROL OF DFIG IN MICROGRID APPLICATIONS 76 Tarik Uzunović ............................................................................................................................................................ 76 Burak Soner ................................................................................................................................................................ 76 Emre Ozsoy ................................................................................................................................................................. 76 Edin Golubović ............................................................................................................................................................ 76 Asif Šabanović ............................................................................................................................................................. 76 CULTURAL REFLECTIONS ON ARCHITECTURAL SPACE: THE CASE OF SINGLE RESIDENTIAL UNIT 77 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 77 Erna Husukić ............................................................................................................................................................... 77 EVALUATION OF THE BROWNFIELD REGENERATION PROCESS - CASE STUDY OF SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................... 78 Ajla Gegić .................................................................................................................................................................... 78 Erna Husukić ............................................................................................................................................................... 78 SHEEP WOOL AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT 172 79 �Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 79 Azra Korjenic ............................................................................................................................................................... 79 Almedina Hadžić ......................................................................................................................................................... 79 Sinan Korjenić ............................................................................................................................................................. 79 ANALYSIS OF ONE EXAMPLE OF THE RESTORATION IN TERMS OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA....................................................................... 80 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 80 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 80 Lejla Kargić .................................................................................................................................................................. 80 Ajla Gegić .................................................................................................................................................................... 80 Selvira Heldovac ......................................................................................................................................................... 80 ADVANTAGES OF NATURAL RENEWABLE MATERIALS IN THE BUILDING SECTOR 82 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 82 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 82 Zedina Hujdur ............................................................................................................................................................. 82 Isminur Aybek ............................................................................................................................................................. 82 Amar Dautović ............................................................................................................................................................ 82 CHALLENGES AND POTENTIALS OF TRADITIONAL, NATURAL, RENEWABLE MATERIALS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................... 84 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 84 KONZERVATORSKE INTERVENCIJE NA OBJEKTIMA VERNAKULARNE ARHITEKTURE – PRIMJER BIŠĆEVIĆA KUĆE U MOSTARU ............................................................................. 85 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 85 Maja Popovac Roso .................................................................................................................................................... 85 Amra Šarančić Logo .................................................................................................................................................... 85 LUKOMIR – SINONIM BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKE VERNAKULARNE ARHITEKTURE 86 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 86 Boris Trapara............................................................................................................................................................... 86 Maja Popovac Roso .................................................................................................................................................... 86 AN EFFECTIVE COMBINING CLASSIFIER APPROACH USING TREE ALGORITHMS FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION ............................................................................................... 87 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 87 Samed Jukić ................................................................................................................................................................ 87 173 �Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 87 COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION METHODS IN CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SIGNALS FOR MOTOR-IMAGERY BCI SYSTEM ................................................................................. 88 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 88 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 88 SURVEY OF LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD IN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 AND 4 LABORATORIES ............................................................................................... 89 Mirsada Hukic ............................................................................................................................................................. 89 Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN TURKISH POPULATION, COLL 90 Serkan Dogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 90 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................... 90 Larisa Bešić .................................................................................................................................................................. 90 Mirsada Hukic ............................................................................................................................................................. 90 Yusuf Turan ................................................................................................................................................................. 90 Gulsen Doğan .............................................................................................................................................................. 90 Biljana Klimenta .......................................................................................................................................................... 90 Dragan Primorac ......................................................................................................................................................... 90 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES WITHIN A NEW GENERATION OF CARBAPENEMRESISTANT ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS-A. BAUMANNII COMPLEX RESISTOTYPES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................... 92 Mirsada Hukic ............................................................................................................................................................. 92 Aydin Çöl ..................................................................................................................................................................... 92 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................... 92 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................... 92 EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE OF THE MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA....................................................................... 93 Mirsada Hukic ............................................................................................................................................................. 93 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................... 93 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................... 93 Aydin Çöl ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93 DETECTION OF PUUMALA VIRUS IN THE TISSUE OF INFECTED NATURALLY RODENT HOSTS IN THE AREA OF CENTRAL DINARIDES ............................................................................ 94 Mirsada Hukic ............................................................................................................................................................. 94 174 �Edina Dervović ............................................................................................................................................................ 94 APPLICATION OF A PARALLEL SYNTHETIC STRATEGY IN THE DISCOVERY OF BIARYL ACYL SULFONAMIDES AS EFFICIENT AND SELECTIVE ..................................................................... 95 Elma Ferić Bojić ........................................................................................................................................................... 95 MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESSDISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY ............................................................................................... 96 Elma Ferić Bojić ........................................................................................................................................................... 96 Damir Marjanović ....................................................................................................................................................... 96 CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, EMERGING TREATMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE ............................................... 97 Almir Badnjević ........................................................................................................................................................... 97 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................... 97 Elma Ferić Bojić ........................................................................................................................................................... 97 Mario Cifrek ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 WORLDWIDE POPULATION CLUSTERING BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI. 98 Serkan Dogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 98 Elma Ferić Bojić ........................................................................................................................................................... 98 Damir Marjanović ....................................................................................................................................................... 98 Mirsada Hukić ............................................................................................................................................................. 98 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................... 98 Yusuf Turan ................................................................................................................................................................. 98 Monia Avdić ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 Sanida Buljubasić ........................................................................................................................................................ 98 CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF UNCERTAINTY MODELLING METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS 100 Jasna Hivziefendić ..................................................................................................................................................... 100 Jasmin Kevrić ............................................................................................................................................................ 100 MANAGEMENT OF THE POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS USING FUZZY LOGIC 101 Jasna Hivziefendić ..................................................................................................................................................... 101 Mirza Šarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 101 OPTIMAL NETWORK RECONFIGURATION WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION USING NSGA II ALGORITHM 102 Jasna Hivziefendić ..................................................................................................................................................... 102 Amir Hadžimehmedović ........................................................................................................................................... 102 175 �Majda Tesanović ....................................................................................................................................................... 102 GENETIC HERITAGE OF THE BALTO-SLAVIC SPEAKING POPULATIONS: A SYNTHESIS OF AUTOSOMAL, MITOCHONDRIAL AND Y-CHROMOSOMAL DATA ........................................... 103 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 103 Alena Kushniarevich ................................................................................................................................................. 103 OVERVIEW OF EUROPEAN POPULATION CLUSTERING BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI 104 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 104 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 104 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 104 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 104 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 104 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 104 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 104 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 105 Sanida Buljubasić ...................................................................................................................................................... 105 MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN, AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY ............................................................................................. 106 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 106 Alma Džubur-Kulenović ............................................................................................................................................ 106 PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................... 108 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 108 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 108 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 108 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 108 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 108 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 108 Gulsen Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 108 Biljana Klimenta ........................................................................................................................................................ 108 Dragan Primorac ....................................................................................................................................................... 109 GENOMIC ANALYSES INFORM ON MIGRATION EVENTS DURING THE PEOPLING OF EURASIA 110 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 110 176 �Luca Pagani ............................................................................................................................................................... 110 DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE .................................................... 111 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 111 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 111 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 111 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 111 CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 112 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 112 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 112 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 112 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 112 TEN-YEAR TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL AGE AND PRENATAL SCREENING ....................................... 113 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 113 COMPARISON OF MLL FUSION GENES EXPRESSION AMONG THE CYTOGENETICS ABNORMALITIES OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA AND THEIR CLINICAL EFFECTS .......................... 114 Senol Dogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 114 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 114 Albenita Hajrović ...................................................................................................................................................... 114 Muhamed Lišić .......................................................................................................................................................... 114 Ercan Gokgoz ............................................................................................................................................................ 114 THE DETECTION OF EXTREMELY HIGH AND LOW EXPRESSED GENES BY EGEF ALGORITHM IN INVASIVE BREAST CANCER ............................................................................................. 115 Senol Dogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 115 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 115 Gunay Karli................................................................................................................................................................ 115 ANALYSIS OF GAUCHER DISEASE RESPONSIBLE GENES IN COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA 116 Senol Dogan .............................................................................................................................................................. 116 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 116 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 116 Mesut Karatas ........................................................................................................................................................... 116 177 �DIAGNOSTICS OF COMMON MICRODELETION SYNDROMES USING FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION: SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY............ 117 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 117 THE REALITY OF CANCER TREATMENT IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: THE EFFECTS OF DELAYED TKI TREATMENT ON SURVIVAL, CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR RESPONSES IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA PATIENTS 118 Amina Kurtović-Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 118 APPLICATION OF ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY IN EVALUATION OF PROTEIN–NANOPARTICLE INTERACTIONS ............................................................................................. 119 Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 119 Iain Manfield ............................................................................................................................................................. 119 Terry Wilkins ............................................................................................................................................................. 119 PHENOLIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT FRUIT TISSUES OF FIVE AUTOCHTHONOUS APPLE CULTIVARS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................... 120 Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 120 Maida Đapo .............................................................................................................................................................. 120 Esma Velagić-Habul .................................................................................................................................................. 120 Fuad Gaši................................................................................................................................................................... 120 Jasmin Grahić ............................................................................................................................................................ 120 PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF β-GLUCOSIDASE FROM AGARICUS BISPORUS (WHITE BUTTON MUSHROOM) ...................................................................... 122 Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 122 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 122 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 122 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 122 Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 122 PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................... 124 Enisa Omanović-Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 124 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 124 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 124 CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE BASED ON NEURO-FUZZY SOFTWARE IN: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): CLINICAL SYMPTOMS, EMERGING TREATMENT STRATEGIES AND IMPACT ON QUALITY OF LIFE ........................................................... 126 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 126 178 �Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 126 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 126 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 126 TESTING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATORS AND INFANT INCUBATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS 128 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 128 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 128 SOFTWARE SOLUTION FOR TRACKING INSPECTION PROCESSES OF MEDICAL DEVICES FROM LEGAL METROLOGY SYSTEM ............................................................................... 129 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 129 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 129 Dijana Sejdinović ...................................................................................................................................................... 129 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 129 Layla Abdel-Ilah ........................................................................................................................................................ 129 Emir Žunić ................................................................................................................................................................. 129 DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE .................................................... 131 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 131 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 131 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 131 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 131 CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 132 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 132 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 132 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 132 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 132 DEVELOPMENT AND PERSPECTIVES OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN SOUTH EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 133 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 133 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 133 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE DISCRIMINATION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE USING BIOMARKERS DATA 134 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 134 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 134 Almir Aljović .............................................................................................................................................................. 134 179 �CLASSIFICATION OF STRESS RECOGNITION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 135 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 135 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 135 Dijana Sejdinović ...................................................................................................................................................... 135 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 135 DYNAMICAL MODEL OF TUBERCULOSIS-MULTIPLE STRAIN PREDICTION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 136 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 136 Ahmed Osmanović.................................................................................................................................................... 136 Adnan Fojnica ........................................................................................................................................................... 136 PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF β‐GLUCOSIDASE FROM BRASSICA OLERACEA 137 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 137 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 137 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 137 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 137 Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 137 ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR WITH EXTRAORBITAL EXTENSION IN CHILDHOOD - A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE......................................................................... 139 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 139 Anes Mašović ............................................................................................................................................................ 139 Ibrahim Omerhodžić ................................................................................................................................................. 139 Emina Hrvat .............................................................................................................................................................. 139 Edin Begić .................................................................................................................................................................. 139 MICRO CELL CULTURE ANALOG APPARATUS (µCCA) OUTPUT PREDICTION USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 140 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 140 Halida Avdihodžić ..................................................................................................................................................... 140 Sabina Halilović ......................................................................................................................................................... 140 SENSOR FUSSION FOR SOLAR CAR ROUTE OPTIMIZATION141 Mehrija Hasičić ......................................................................................................................................................... 141 Haris Šiljak................................................................................................................................................................. 141 PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION 142 Mehrija Hasičić ......................................................................................................................................................... 142 Haris Šiljak................................................................................................................................................................. 142 180 �Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................. 142 COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES IN PHISHING WEBSITE CLASSIFICATION 143 Adnan Hodžić ............................................................................................................................................................ 143 Jasmin Kevrić ............................................................................................................................................................ 143 USING DATABASE AUDIT FOR ANALYZING SUSPICIOUS BEHAVIOR ON HISTORICAL DATA 144 Adnan Hodžić ............................................................................................................................................................ 144 Adem Karadag .......................................................................................................................................................... 144 AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND PROJECT SUCCESS 145 Nermina Durmić ....................................................................................................................................................... 145 COMPARISON OF ENSEMBLE CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES AND SINGLE CLASSIFIERS PERFORMANCE FOR CUSTOMER CREDIT ASSESSMENT .......................................................... 146 Adnan Dželihodžić .................................................................................................................................................... 146 Dženana Đonko......................................................................................................................................................... 146 CLASSIFICATION OF ON-OFF STATES OF APPLIANCE CONSUMPTION SIGNATURES 147 Nejdet Dogru ............................................................................................................................................................ 147 Jasmin Kevrić ............................................................................................................................................................ 147 Emir Salihagić ............................................................................................................................................................ 147 AN INNOVATIVE RFID-BASED SOLUTION TO SECURE PARKING SPOTS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGWS 148 Nejdet Dogru ............................................................................................................................................................ 148 Enes Sukic ................................................................................................................................................................. 148 Sami Miniaoui ........................................................................................................................................................... 148 III PART: Faculty of Education and Humanities .................. 149 HOME RHAPSODIES: CARYL PHILLIPS AND CARTOGRAPHY OF TRANSGRESSIVITY 150 Ibrahim Murat Oner ................................................................................................................................................. 150 Mustafa Bal ............................................................................................................................................................... 150 COMPLEX PREDICATE CONSTRUCTIONS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE 151 Lola Turker ................................................................................................................................................................ 151 Azamat Akbarov ....................................................................................................................................................... 151 CULTURAL VARIATION IN PERCEPTION OF POLITENESS NORMS 152 Lola Turker ................................................................................................................................................................ 152 Azamat Akbarov ....................................................................................................................................................... 152 181 �DEVELOPMENT OF INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION THROUGH ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEXTBOOKS USED IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN B&H ................................................................ 153 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 153 IMPACT OF SOCIAL CHANGES ON TEACHER’S ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM 154 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 154 Azamat Akbarov ....................................................................................................................................................... 154 THE DETERMINANTS OF LIFELONG LEARNING................... 155 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 155 Jasmina Sinanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 155 LEARNING ENGLISH AND MEDIA LITERACY........................ 156 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 156 Adnan Yaman............................................................................................................................................................ 156 OBRAZOVANJE BOSNJAKINJE I NJENA DRUSTVENA ULOGA U VRIJEME OSMANSKEUPRAVE NA PROSTORU DANJASNJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE....................................................... 157 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 157 Remzija Hurić-Bećirović ............................................................................................................................................ 157 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE .......................................................................... 158 Bećirović Senad ......................................................................................................................................................... 158 ENGLISH AS A WINDOW INTO UNDERSTANDING BRAIN .. 159 Ana Tankosić ............................................................................................................................................................. 159 Azamat Akbarov ....................................................................................................................................................... 159 SEVİNÇ ÇOKUM'UN HİKAYELERİ'NDE YALNIZLIK ............... 160 Ayşe Dinç................................................................................................................................................................... 160 Sezai Coşkun ............................................................................................................................................................. 160 MUŠKO-ŽENSKI ODNOSI KROZ POSLOVICE U B/H/S I ENGLESKOM JEZIKU 161 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 161 ENGLISH IN BOSNIAN ADVERTISING DISCOURSE .............. 162 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 162 Eldin Milak ................................................................................................................................................................ 162 TEST-TAKING STRATEGIES: THE CASE OF TOEFL READING 163 Ceylani Akay.............................................................................................................................................................. 163 182 �Salih Cıngıllıoğlu ........................................................................................................................................................ 163 AN INVESTIGATION OF LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES USED BY UNIVERSITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING STUDENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CONSIDERING THE GENDER VARIABLE 164 Ceylani Akay.............................................................................................................................................................. 164 Salih Cıngıllıoğlu ........................................................................................................................................................ 164 183 �International Burch University Francuske revolucije bb Sarajevo Tel. +387 33 944 400 Email: info@ibu.edu.ba 71 210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina Fax +387 33 944 500 Web: www.ibu.edu.ba � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 3760 Title A name given to the resource BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2015 – 2016), Sarajevo, BiH Abstract A summary of the resource. BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2015 – 2016), Sarajevo, BiH Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Author Author Mekić, Ajdin Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Keywords Keywords. Book PeerReviewed AC Collections. Series. Collected works https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/d78aeb69813adf633609c23718168fed.pdf da5c9baf205e48e4d03fc5b05e054774 PDF Text Text God. 2, Br. 2 (2016/17) Book of Abstracts 2016/2017 Publications Office Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina �BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2016 – 2017), Sarajevo, BiH Publisher: International Burch University Editor: Ajdin MEKIĆ Printed by: International Burch University Circulation: 15 copies Place of Publication: Sarajevo Copyright: International Burch University, 2018 ISSN: 2566-4670 International Burch University Francuske revolucije bb Sarajevo Tel. +387 33 944 400 Email: info@ibu.edu.ba 1 71 210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina Fax +387 33 944 500 Web: www.ibu.edu.ba �I PART: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences 2 �IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Organizational Learning Capability, ISO 9001 Effectiveness and Financial Performance of Bosnian exporters. Based on literature review, a conceptual model was validated and the hypotheses were proposed. The measurement instrument used in this study is a structured survey prepared based on literature review. The target population were the managers of Bosnian exporters that have the ISO 9001 standard implemented in the company. In total, 84 surveys were completed by respondents, which is sample good enough for the entity of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Before conducting a regression analysis in Software Package for Social Sciences, the exploratory factor analysis was conducted and five items were extracted. The regression results indicated a strong and positive influence of ISO 9001 Effectiveness on Financial Performance and Organizational Learning Capability of Bosnian exporters. A positive relationship of Organizational Learning Capability and Financial Performance was not confirmed. Keywords: ISO 9001 Effectiveness, Organizational Learning Capability, Financial Performance 3 �IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Nereida Hadžiahmetović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nereida.hadziahmetovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Human resources are the most important factor of quality at universities and in research. Therefore, universities must try to improve their human workforce quantitatively as well as qualitatively, by creating, attracting, and retaining experts at universities. The aim of this research is to evaluate the importance of the reward system as a factor of affective commitment and the effect of affective commitment on the organizational performance. The research was conducted in the universities located in the Central and Eastern Europe. In order to test the proposed hypotheses, exploratory factor analysis and mediation tests are applied, using 148 sample data from universities' academic and administration staff. The results indicate that organizational rewards play a significant role in influencing employees' attitudes related to improving the organizational performance. However, organizational performance is not influenced directly by organizational rewards, but through affective commitment. Organizational rewards are needed to increase the level of employees' commitment that will in return have a positive effect on employees' desire to contribute more to the organizational performance. Keywords: Extrinsic Rewards, Intrinsic Rewards, Affective Commitment, Human Resources Management, Organizational Performance 4 �EFFECTS OF ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES: REVIEW AND A PROPOSED MODEL Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The purpose of this study is to offer a conceptual model which is based on carefully reviewed literature. The model consists of three important variables: ISO 9001 Effectiveness, financial performance of exporting companies, and organizational learning capability. The model proposes direct impact of ISO 9001 Effectiveness on financial performance of companies which are exporting their products/services. However, the relationship between organizational learning capability and financial performance of exporting companies is included in the model. Moreover, mediating role of organizational learning capability is also considered in the model of this study. Keywords: Exporting Companies, ISO 9001 Effectiveness, Quality, Organizational Learning Capability, Financial Performance 5 �IMPACT OF CARING CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Vesna Plakalović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The main purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of caring climate, employees' job satisfaction, and affective commitment on employees' job performance in a banking sector. This study proposes that caring climate has a significant direct effect on overall job satisfaction, affective commitment, and job performance. Moreover, it suggests that caring climate has an influence on job performance through overall job satisfaction and affective commitment. Additionally, affective commitment is considered to be a mediator in the relationship between overall job satisfaction and job performance. In this study, the relationships among the variables were evaluated using factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlations, and regression. The results based on a sample of 152 employees from one public and three private banks in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina support the hypotheses. This study demonstrates that caring climate has a significant direct influence on overall job satisfaction, affective commitment, and job performance. Furthermore, caring climate has an indirect effect on job performance. Finally, this research discovers an indirect relationship between overall job satisfaction and employees' job performance through a mediating role of affective commitment. Keywords: Affective Commitment, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Caring Climate, Job Satisfaction, Job Performance 6 �THE YOUTH'S PERCEPTION OF MIGRATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Kanita Jahić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Šejla Kočan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Migration, in a simple definition, is the movement of people from one country to another. One of the major problems in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) is youth migration. Young people from BiH mostly migrate to European countries. Factors which have an influence on the youth migration and relationship between demographic differences, as well as the tendency of the youth to emigrate have attracted a great curiosity. The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of the youth about determinants of migration as well as the relationship between demographic variables and immigration tendency. Using the survey method, 207 responses were collected from the youth in BiH. Descriptive analysis, onesample, and independent sample t-test were constructed to analyze data. The results have showed that the perceptions of the youth about job opportunities in BiH and approach of officials towards young people are negative. However, study results show that younger group of young people with less education have a greater tendency to emigrate. Keywords: Migration, Bosnia and Herzegovina, The Youth 7 �THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NON-MONETARY INCENTIVES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: A CASE OF CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Emir Srna International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the perceived importance of non-monetary incentives as well as the degree of their current utilization within the civil service sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. One of the aims of the study is to explore if non-monetary incentives have prospective to increase employee's motivation in comparison to monetary rewards. Such finding could play a beneficial role in understanding the fact that an individual's behaviour and motivation can be greatly influenced by alternative and cost-friendly non-financial motivating factors. The study is conducted on a sample of 129 civil servants of all categories at the state level. The relationships between the variables were evaluated by descriptive statistics, correlations and non-parametric independent samples test. The study findings demonstrate that the non-monetary incentives are not sufficiently utilized in the civil service sector. Furthermore, according to the findings, non-monetary incentives represent a very strong motivating factor and could be widely and actively used in order to secure increased motivation of the civil servants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Keywords: Non-monetary Incentives, Motivation, Civil Service, Monetary Incentives 8 �ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT RELATIONSHIP IN THE SHOES MANUFACTURING SECTOR Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Mehmet Gencouglu International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated that retaining qualified employees is crucial for organizations. As labor-intensive sector, shoes manufacturing sector is highly dependent on qualified employees. Based on the literature in this field, affective commitment of employees to their organizations has a significant importance for retaining them. The main purpose of this study is to examine ethical climate, job satisfaction, and affective commitment relationship in the shoes manufacturing sector. A survey with four sections is conducted in 10 companies and 3 cities in Turkey with 161 respondents in overall. Descriptive and Pearson correlation analyses were made. The study results showed that statistically significant relationships exist among ethical climate, job satisfaction, and affective commitment. In specific, Law and Code type of ethical climate has a crucial statistically significant relationship with affective commitment. Keywords: Ethical Climate, Job Satisfaction, Affective Commitment, Shoes Manufacturing Sector, Turkey 9 �HOW DO ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONALS PERCEIVE WHISTLEBLOWING REASONS AND WHISTLEBLOWING PREFERENCES Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Cemil Kuzey Murray State University USA Bedia Atalay Fatih University Turkey Ali Haydar Gungormus Abstract Incidences of organizational wrongdoing have been widely spread throughout the business world. Accounting professionals are the key human resources who find evidence of wrongdoing in firms and have the opportunity to report it. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the perception by accounting professionals concerning valid reasons for whistleblowing and their preferences in doing so. Using the survey method, 177 responses were collected from Turkish accounting professionals. A partial least square structural equation model was constructed to test both the reliability and validity of the measurement and the structural model. The results showed that the 'fear of retaliation' dimension has a significant negative influence on 'external whistleblowing' but has a positive influence on 'anonymous whistleblowing'. The accountants' perceptions of 'fear of retaliation' also has a positive relationship for deciding to not blow the whistle. However, thereasons for 'corporate benefit' whistleblowing have a positive effect on both 'anonymous whistleblowing' and 'internal whistleblowing'. They also have a negative impact on the reasons that accounting professionalspreferto not blow the whistle. Finally, the 'ethics and professional benefit' dimension of reasons for whistleblowing only has a significant positive impact on 'internal whistleblowing'. Keywords: Whistleblowing Reasons, Whistleblowing, Accounting Proffesionals, Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model 10 �ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATION (BOOK) Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Today, both public and private universities need to provide students with extra opportunities on top of physical facilities so as to attract prospective students and retain and satisfy the current ones. In this regard, the discretionary and extra-role behavior of the academics and administrative staff, and the factors that can increase such behavior in public and private universities, have become vital. The role of the managers in each faculty and unit of these universities in influencing employees’ extra efforts is important. Along with leadership, in particular ethical leadership, ethics and ethical climate, employees’ job satisfaction and their commitment to the universities have attracted curiosity in terms of their impacts on the employees’ citizenship behavior. This book examines several basic organizational behaviors in higher education: leadership, ethics, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior. This book should help shed some light on higher education organizations by proposing a model and be especially useful to academics and administrative staff in universities. 11 �FORENSIC ACCOUNTING AS A SOLUTION TO MANIPULATIVE ACCOUNTING OF SME’S IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Anida Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Alma Hurić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Accounting reports are the main certificate of financial position, as well as the business and monetary success of the company. Manipulation of accounting reports includes fictitious or incorrect processing of data - all with the aim of camouflage the true picture of firm's financial health. Forensic accounting as a special accounting practice will be the scope of this study. This study was conducted on the Bosnian market and targeted small and medium enterprises with less than 250 employees. The aim of this research is to prove that forensic accounting gives satisfactory results in discovering significantly wrongly presented information in financial statements caused by fraud. This study uses primary data collection through the distribution of questionnaires. The data collected from the observed SMEs companies were analyzed, and study findings showed that forensic accounting is important and helpful to point out the wrongly presented information. Keywords: Forensic Accounting, Fraud Prevention, Small and Medium Enterprises, Manipulative Accounting 12 �BACKTESTING VALUE AT RISK FORECAST: THE CASE OF KUPIEC POF-TEST Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Mia Vehabović Abstract In recent years many concepts for managing and measuring risk have developed. The main methodology for managing risk is a method of value at risk, which, in practice, is combined with other techniques for minimizing risks, in order to achieve optimal business results. Value at risk (VaR) is the biggest loss of the portfolio that can be expected in the reporting period, with a given level of confidence. This value is a simple, easily understandable number that presents the risk which the institution is exposed to on financial market. The principle of calculating capital is based on the VaR methodology. However, backtesting of calculated VaR amount is needed. Backtesting is the process where the real gains and losses are compared to the forecasted VaR estimates. The most used backtesting test is known as Kupiec POF test. The POF's null hypothesis, that the observed failure rate p ̂ is equal to the failure rate suggested by the confidence interval, is being tested using the secondary data (daily share prices from http://finance.yahoo.com). The results from the test show that, at 90% and 99% level of confidence, null hypothesis is rejected and the model is considered as inaccurate. Keywords: Value at risk, Back Testing, Confidence Interval, Risk Managements, POF test 13 �USAGE OF DERIVATIVES IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Anida Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract During the last decade, financial derivatives have gained increased attention; they were one of the leading causes of the latest financial crisis. Their primary purpose is to provide instruments for hedging risks linked with stock market movements. Most of the financial economists agree that derivatives markets if abused, may cause disturbances in the financial markets, while some claim that derivatives markets provide valuable instruments for hedging financial risks. When we consider the importance of derivative markets, our primary goal is to investigate the degree of development of derivatives market in B&H. When we?re talking about derivatives market in B&H, it does not exist as organized markets yet.? As many derivatives are being offered to the firms, only within the banking sector, we concluded that the financial system in B&H is bank centered. It follows the Continental model in which banks are playing a leading role. The participation of banks in the case of B&H is over 80%. The financial derivate market is organized as over the counter market as it offers currency swaps and forwards, and interest rate forwards.? It?s important to notice that almost all business operations are done in "euro." Because of the currency board regime, agency regulations on banks? net open position and a relatively small exposure to foreign currencies, except the euro, currency risk in B&H is small. However, risk management is important for every firm, so the primary focus of this paper will be how B&H nonfinancial companies manage the risks that they have regarding the use of financial derivatives. Keywords: Financial derivatives, Financial system, Risk management, Emerging markets, Volatility 14 �BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE ON BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Amra Halaba International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Erkan Ilguen Abstract The growing field of behavioral economics (BE) has revolutionized the way we look at economic behavior at micro and macro levels. Importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) appeals for analysis of decisions made regarding it to be assessed from expanding view of BE. This research provides overview of previous studies and focuses on the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) as representative of emerging markets to investigate motivations for investing into this country by temporarily present foreign companies. Empirical analysis was based on the questionnaire that was disseminated among foreign investors to B&H. Questionnaire contained motivations for investing in B&H, where examined motivation factors were divided in two groups; namely irrational and rational ones. Choice of methodology was narrowed due to moderate sample size, but consisting of quality the sample members. In order to analyze data, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and regression analysis were used. By regressing two groups of predictors on annual amount of foreign investments to B&H, it was shown that the highest motivation for investing was business instinct. Keywords: Behavioral Economics, Foreign Direct Investments, Emerging Markets, Emotional Bias 15 �A RESEARCH REVIEW OF MOTIVATION-ENHANCING OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES Muhammet Sait Dinc International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina m.sait.dinc@ibu.edu.ba Nereida Hadžiahmetović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nereida.hadziahmetovic@ibu.edu.ba Kanita Jahić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This analysis of 115 articles about motivation-enhancing human resource practices published in seven Human Resource Management journals in a period between 2010 and 2015 presents significant contributions of individual scholars and institutions to research of motivation-enhancing human resource practices. Coauthor relationship is found through network analysis in order to show interrelationship among scholars who have contributed to this research. However, in order to provide main categories and subcategories in the field, authors carried out content analysis of the articles. Moreover, research locations, and methodologies of the articles are analyzed. Finally, to demonstrate recent trend of the research of motivation-enhancing human resource practices in the aforementioned period, this study provides some essential information such as number of articles published in each journal and in each year. Keywords: Research of motivation-enhancing human resource practices, Human resource practices, Research topic, Research location, Research methodology, Scholar network 16 �HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF WHAT WAS STUDIED AND WHERE WAS RESEARCHED Nereida Hadžiahmetović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nereida.hadziahmetovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The main aim of this study is to define the most researched topics and geographical locations and the most active authors and institutions in Human Capital and Economic Development research area. 317 articles that published between 2007 and 2014 from 5 different journals with Social Scientific Citation Index (SSCI) were examined. This study also explores relation between research topics and researched countries and why some topics attracted more attention than others. It is found that some topics and geographic locations were researched more than others. Authors identified topics that were researched less or not researched as well as geographic locations. Proposal for future study is discussed according to results of analysis. Keywords: Human Capital, Economic Development, Research Topics, Research Geographical Location 17 �SISTEM PREVENCIJE MALOLJETNIČKOG PRESTUPNIŠTVA I KRIVIČNOPRAVNIH MJERA ZA MALOLJETNE IZVRŠIOCE KRIVIČNIH DJELA U ČESKOJ REPUBLICI Jasmin Hasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.hasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Sudstvo za maloljetnike je izuzetno osjetljiva grana krivičnog prava koja zahtijeva pažljiv pristup u pronalaženju adekvatnih rješenja za posebne potrebe maloljetnika u sukobu sa zakonom. Procesno postupanje prema maloljetnim izvršiocima krivičnih djela u Češkoj Republici je regulisano Zakonom o sudstvu za maloljetnike br. 218/2003 Sb[1]. (na češkom: Zakon o soudnictví ve věcech mládeže ZSM). Ovaj Zakon stavlja naglasak na vaspitno-odgojne mjere u odnosu na krivične sankcije za punoljetne osobe. Kao preventivne mjere u sudskoj praksi Češke Republike javljaju se mjere u krugu porodice, mjere u krugu vaspitno-odgojnih institucija, mjere prilagođavanja, te mjere protiv nasilničkog ponašanja i dr. Cilj ovog članka je prikaz strukture i načina primjene ZSM-a u Češkoj Republici, te pregled njegovih osnovnih instituta. U nastavku slijedi kratki prikaz razvoja ovog zakona, te analiza različitih krivičnopravnih mjera koje se odnose na maloljetne izvršioce krivičnih djela u ČR. 18 �PRAVOSUDNI AKTIVIZAM U PRAKSI EVROPSKOG SUDA PRAVDE I UTICAJ NA SUVERENITET DRŽAVA ČLANICA EU, PRAVNA MISAO, FEDERALNO MINISTARSTVO PRAVDE - LEGAL THOUGHT 1-2/16, FEDERAL MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, SARAJEVO Jasmin Hasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.hasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Evropska je unija, kao jedinstvena „supranacionalna“ pravno-politička organizacija, vremenom oblikovala svoju formu kroz postepeni prijenos suverene vlasti država članica na institucije saveza, što je u konačnici rezultiralo stvaranjem jedinstvenog pravnog sistema. Pravosudni aktivizam Suda pravde Evropske Unije je izuzetno značajno uticao na neposredno oblikovanje pravnog poretka Unije, prvenstveno putem tumačenja i primjene temeljnih Ugovora, ali i stvaranjem zasebnih pravnih normi. Cilj ovog članka je analiza sistema funkcionisanja pravnog sistema Evropske unije, s posebnim osvrtom na definisanje, razgraničavanje i poimanje nacionalnog suvereniteta država članica EU, a kroz prizmu pravosudnog aktivizma Suda pravde EU. Analizom prakse Suda pravde Evropske unije, nastojat ću prikazati kako je ista uticala na promjene i poimanje u pogledu suvereniteta država članica. Uz osvrt na brojne ključne presude koje se odnose na slučajeve diskriminacije i zaštite ljudskih prava, nastojat će se dati odgovor na pitanja kako i koji su predmeti pred ESP imali ključni uticaj, ne samo na razvoj unijskog prava, već i na proces evropske integracije uopće. 19 �LEGAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HOLOCAUST IN THE VISEGRAD (V4) COUNTRIES (BOOK) Jasmin Hasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.hasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The edited volume examines the history of the Holocaust within a multi-contextual legal comparative approach in the Visegrad countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, and Poland. The chapters focus on overarching issues and interpretations of the Holocaust, the fate of Jewish and non-Jewish victims during the Nazi era, in each of the V4 countries, as well as various features of the Holocaust in different temporal and geographical contexts of the V4 countries. The volume was edited by Hasic Jasmin, Memisevic Ehlimana, and Karcic Hikmet. 20 �DUAL CITIZENSHIP AND YOUTH IDENTITY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) Jasmin Hasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.hasic@ibu.edu.ba Nicholas Micinski Abstract This chapter contributes to both citizenship and diaspora studies by examining the ways in which dual citizenship impacts young people living in Bosnia and the diaspora. We find that dual citizenship acts as a safety net for Bosnian youth living in the country. Some young Bosnians conceptualize dual citizenship as a safety net because ‘duals’ can relocate if the economy worsens or if the country slips back into conflict. This safety net has implications for how youth with or without dual citizenship perceive their relationship to the future of their country. 21 �THE INFLUENCES OF DAYTON AGREEMENT ON INSTITUTIONS: LEGISLATURES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) Jasmin Hasić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.hasic@ibu.edu.ba Nedim Kulenović Abstract The aim of this chapter is to provide the overview of the state legislature as it has been established by the Annex IV (the Constitution) of the Dayton Agreement, through the brief analysis of its structure, functions, organization, and relationship to other branches of government and relevant stakeholders. We will also briefly consider the attempts at a parliamentary reform, before concluding. 22 �ETHNIC MOBILIZATION, VIOLENCE AND THE POLITICS OF AFFECT: SERB DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE BOSNIAN WAR (BOOK) Adis Maksić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adis.maksic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This book offers an unprecedented account of the Serb Democratic Party’s origins and its political machinations that culminated in Europe’s bloodiest conflict since World War II. Within the first two years of its existence, the nationalist movement led by the infamous genocide convict Radovan Karadzic, radically transformed Bosnian society. It politically homogenized Serbs of Bosnia-Herzegovina, mobilized them for the Bosnian War, and violently carved out a new geopolitical unit, known today as Republika Srpska. Through innovative and in-depth analysis of the Party’s discourse that makes use of the recent literature on affective cognition, the book argues that the movement’s production of existential fears, nationalist pride, and animosities towards non-Serbs were crucial for creating Serbs as a palpable group primed for violence. By exposing this nationalist agency, the book challenges a commonplace image of ethnic conflicts as clashes of long-standing ethnic nations. 23 �A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CREDIT RISK ASSESMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN TURKEY Olcay Erdoğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina olcay.erdogan@ibu.edu.ba Zafer Konakli International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zafer.konakli@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Hodžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.hodzic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Credit risk prediction models attempt to predict whether a business will experience to be in a level of investment, speculative or below investment. The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative model for predicting failure. The constructed credit rating model was on a sample data that consists of financial ratios from 356 enterprises that are listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. The data covers observations running from the first quarter of 2014 to the end of year. We have classified 356 enterprises into three levels using 18 parameters for each. The applied methods are discriminant analysis and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy İnference Systems (ANFIS). The study supports building a balanced financial environment and help to determine the firms which are appropriate for credit loan. Keywords: ANFIS, Credit Risk Assessment, Discriminant Analysis, Financial Ratios 24 �THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL CAPITAL ON DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS Natasa Tandir International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina natasa.tandir@ibu.edu.ba Merdzana Obralić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina merdzana.obralic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The characteristics of rural areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina are similar to the ones in other countries but are also specific in relation to the overall country development, natural resources and mentality of the people (social and human capital). The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of availability and effective usage of natural resources and development of rural areas. This study represents a crosssectional study which used both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Target population were entrepreneurs, artisans and representatives of organisations for civil society in municipalities classified as rural. In total, more than five hundred questionnaires were used in the analysis. The results showed that natural capital has statistically significant influence on development of rural areas. However, that influence is negative which confronts majority number of available literature. This research could present, along with other studies and sector analysis, useful base for constructive discussions on direct and long lasting measurements for improving rural development in our country in consistent, systematic and strategic way. Keywords: Rural Development, Natural Capital, Municipalities, Bosnia and Herzegovina 25 �EXPLORING ISLAMIC INDICES IN THE GREAT RECESSION (CHAPTER IN BOOK) Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Harun Sencal Al-Maktoum College UK Abstract Interest towards Islamic Finance has grown rapidly since the 1990s and assets invested in portfolios that are consistent with Islam have increased abruptly as a result of the deep need to invest in alternative conventional portfolios. The motivation of Muslim investors to participate in these funds has resulted in the inception of Islamic Indices. As such, several such indices have been launched in the last two decades including the Dow Jones, FTSE, MSCI and Thomson Reuters Islamic Indices. Although the Islamic Indices are more than two decades old, studies conducted on them are very limited, especially when compared to conventional ones. In this study, we intend to explore the success of three popular Value-at-Risk methods, namely GARCH (1,1)-t, Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and Filtered Historical Simulation (FliS) using the Islamic Indices of 20 Developed and 18 Emerging countries. In all these analyses we include the non-Islamic counterpart index for a benchmark comparison. We backtest the VaR figures with the unconditional Kupicc Test and conditional Christoffersen Test to check the performance of the VaR calculations. We use the MSCI indices of daily returns from June 2008 to August 2014 in order to explore the performance of these Value-at-Risk methods after the global financial crisis with the intention of documenting the positive and negative effects of the great recession. Keywords: Islamic Indices, Conventional Indices, Global Financial Crisis, Value-at-Risk, Kupiec Test, Backtesting. 26 �OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE MACROECONOMY WITH THE APPLICATION TO 2001 CRISIS OF TURKEY Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper concentrates on the application of optimal control theory to highlight some aspects of Turkish economy. First the setup is given for Turkey to grow over the balanced path. Then the optimal control problem is identified. The control and state variables are mentioned. The objective is the maximization of life-time discounted utility of the society through optimal choice of consumption which automatically determines investment. We make use of Bellman’s principle to guarantee optimality. We make necessary assumptions (technical assumptions) to make use of calculus techniques for a solution. Some functions to represent utility and production are specified. I used the econometric techniques to estimate some parameters of the functions to decide upon the optimal level of investment for steadystate in Turkey over the period including 2001 crisis. The corresponding differential equations are obtained as a result of the Hamiltonian defined. The phase diagram is prepared to analyse different trajectories. Keywords: Optimal Control, Growth, Turkey, CRRA, Cobb-Douglas 27 �EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON GDP IN THE TURKISH ECONOMY Mehmet Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehmet.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Esraq Simsek Istanbul Bilgi University Turkey Fatih Macit Northeast Normal University China Abstract The objective of this article is to investigate the effect of government expenditure on GDP in Turkey from 2000Q1-2015Q4 by the superexogeneity test. As a consequence of satisfying both conditions of weak exogeneity and structural invariance, government expenditure is super exogenous to GDP which implies that the policy regime shift for the period of the Global Financial Crisis in Turkey did not cause structural variance in government expenditure. Indeed, the Lucas Critique which indicates that policy regime shifts cause structural breaks, appears to be refuted. Keywords: Lucas Critique, Government Expenditure, Superexogeneity Test 28 �THE IMPACT OF EWOM IN SOCIAL MEDIA ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Merve Turkyilmaz International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Marketers define their social media platform as an essential piece to reach their consumers. The flock of web users turning to social media to receive and convey their thoughts, opinions, and suggestions has made social media an integral part of digital marketing. Using traditional media to advertise had restrictions in placement and outcome while, nowadays, social media has liberated this obstacle. It has created a platform which allows information to spread freely and at a fast pace. Using electronic wordofmouth in social media permits a constant connection to a vast audience. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of electronic word-of-mouth within the context of social media on consumer purchase decisions. More precisely, how the familiarity of the eWOM source, the way of communication, writer’s expertise and the popularity of a product affects the consumer's purchase decision. The data has been gathered using quantitative research method. The sample consists of students studying in Timisoara, Romania. The surveys were e-mailed to students’ e-mail addresses. Due to the lack of response from e-mails, the responses were gathered using a mixture of door-to-door and online surveys methods. The questions were answered by 200 students within a month. The results will provide the extent of impact eWOM in social media has on the purchase decisions. Keywords: Electronic word-of-mouth, Social media, Digital marketing, Purchase decision 29 �STUDY ON CLIENT - SATISFACTION FACTORS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, EUROPEAN Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Meliha Duljević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Client satisfaction represents a crucial factor in the development and management of the construction process, as well in the creation of professional company-client relationships. Moreover, it is one of the major determinants of project success and therefore is a fundamental issue for construction managers who must constantly seek to improve their performance in order to survive in the marketplace. Providing superior quality and keeping customers satisfied are rapidly becoming the ways that companies use to differentiate themselves from competitors. The main objective of this study is to establish a comprehensive list of factors used for measuring client satisfaction and to study their influence on client satisfaction in the construction industry. The purpose of this study is to identify main client satisfaction factors and to advance both theoretical and practical understanding of their satisfaction in construction industry. A survey conducted in this study was focused on clients of different companies from construction industry in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The perceptions of clients with respect to the performance of contractors were measured using five factors including timeliness, cost, quality, client orientation and safety. Through the analysis of data generated by the survey, it is concluded that all the factors identified in the client-satisfaction model do not possess the same significance when it comes to satisfying clients. The approach of this research is useful to construction firms, not only in B&H, but also in other places, for identifying and improving their weak areas and improving the service quality for their clients. Keywords: Client Satisfaction, Satisfaction Factors, Construction Industry, Bosnia & Herzegovina 30 �WIN – WIN FACTORS OF HIGH-END PERFUME PACKAGING THAT LEAD TO PURCHASE DECISION Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Zumreta Redžović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This research will provide specific data that will aid in explaining how different factors of high-end perfume packaging impact consumer buying behavior. Thus, the basic purpose of this it is to find out how such factors are behind the success of packaging. It has been observed that perfume packaging elements such as color, wrapper design, packaging material, font style and innovative ideas have significant impact on consumers’ buying behavior. In this research we will find out the relationship between independent variable and dependent variables. The research is based in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The primary data for this research was gathered in the form of survey. Data analysis was conducted in SPSS software. Statistical tests were run to ensure that results are usable in resolving the main perfume packaging factors customers are impacted by. Keywords: Color, Innovation, Customer Preference, Design, Information Specified, Materials Used, High-end, Fragrance, Perfume, Scent 31 �EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON BRAND EQUITY AND BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION: A CASE STUDY ON DOMESTIC BRANDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mersid Poturak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mersid.poturak@ibu.edu.ba Sumeja Softić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Social media is forming an increasingly central part of how companies communicate their marketing strategies to their customers. Online communities carry a strong and influential voice, and there is much to be gained from engaging directly with people through these channels – whether it is reaching and keeping existing customers or acquiring new ones. In light of such positive ground for social media this study aims to provide an empirical analysis of the impact social media communication has on brand equity and purchase intention. A systematic literature review has been conducted in order to understand how the dimensions of social media create word of mouth i.e. electronic word of mouth (EWOM) on social media platforms and how this E-WOM further influences brand equity and customers’ purchase intention of domestic brands in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 300 data sets were generated through a standardized online-survey and analyzed in SPSS. The results of the empirical study showed that both .rm-created and user-generated social media communication in.uence brand equity, consequently impacting brand purchase intention. Keywords: Social Media Communication, E-WOM, Brand Equity, Purchase Intention, Bosnia and Herzegovina 32 �THE ROLE OF AFFECTIVE FACTORS ON BRAND RESONANCE: MEASURING CUSTOMER‐BASED BRAND EQUITY FOR THE SARAJEVO BRAND Malcolm Duerod International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina malcolm.duerod@ibu.edu.ba Teoman Duman International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina teoman.duman@ibu.edu.ba Okai Ozbal International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of affective factors on brand resonance in the context of a destination brand. Keller's brand resonance model (Keller, 2013) was used to identify the role of affective factors in the brand equity chain. The research was conducted on the 'Sarajevo' brand, with an expectation that affective factors would be more influential on brand resonance than cognitive factors. Sarajevo is remembered as the center of the war that resulted in the collapse of the Republic of Yugoslavia in 1990s and emotions towards the suffering of civilians under siege are still dominant. The research hypothesis was tested with data from 286 Turkish visitors. A Turkish sample was chosen to test the hypothesis due to the fact that Turkish and Bosnian populations have strong historical ties with each other and Sarajevo represents an emotionally strong destination for Turkish population. Results from multiple regression analysis indicate that the central hypothesis is valid and tourist resonance perceptions on Sarajevo brand are stronger on the affective route than cognitive route. Model constructs were also analyzed descriptively with data from a second sample of visitors from more than 45 countries (N = 193), where it was found that city's affective image was evaluated more strongly than its cognitive image. These findings together are used to propose strategies for Sarajevo marketers, out of which using the emotional aspects of the city in destination marketing seems to be the most influential. 33 �DETECTION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD USING BENEISH MODEL Elvisa Buljubašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elvisa.buljubasic@ibu.edu.ba Sanel Halilbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanel.halilbegovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract One of the greatest challenges faced by auditors is to detect anomalies in financial statement reporting. Once the anomalies are detected they have to be further investigated by forensic accountants. However, the practice of forensic accounting has not yet become a reality in Bosnia and Herzegovina. So the main purpose of the study is to analyze to which degree BH companies are exposed to the financial statement fraud and with respect to that the need for forensic accountants. The financial statement data will be collected from BH companies and it will be analyzed using Beneish model. The Beneish model is the mathematical model that identifies the manipulation of earnings through financial ratios. These analytical techniques should reveal the unconventional variations in financial statement reporting, indicating that there is possibility of fraudulent transactions. Keywords: Beneish model, Fraudulent Reporting, Forensic Accounting 34 �MEASURING QUALITY OF SERVICES AT HEI: CASE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN B&H Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kahriman International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Ajdin Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Kemal Đug International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The main purpose of this study is to investigate quality level of higher education institution's (HEI) services through students' perceptions, and to conduct cross years’ comparative analysis. Main instrument for this study is a survey with several dimensions dealing with different aspects of higher education: quality in general, quality of academic staff, quality of administrative staff, quality of campus, quality of study programs, quality of services, personal development support, education facilities and cafeteria. Software used in the study is Microsoft Excel. In total, 440 responses were collected which represents almost 50% of population. Cross years comparative analysis indicated tremendous increase in all indicators after institution has implemented HEA standards and went through successful accreditation process. Recommendations for corrective/preventive measures will be given wherever necessary. Results of the analysis show that students's rating of university services on the level of university have mean of 5,1 which indicates that students are slightly satisfied with the services of university overall. Keywords: HEI, University, Quality, Comparative Analysis 35 �COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTING ISO 9001:2015 STANDARD AND ESG 2015 Ensar Mekić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ensar.mekic@ibu.edu.ba Esad Bajramović University of Bihaću Bihać Bosnia and Herzegovina Benjamin Muhamedbegović Higher Education Development Agency and Quality Assurance Agency Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Significant revisions of quality standards ISO 9001:2015 and European Standards and Guidelines have been completed in year 2015. Due to compatibility of mentioned standards, many higher education institutions (HEIs) which operate in European Higher Education Area (EHEA) implement quality management system (QMS) aligned with requirements of previous versions of ISO 9001:2008 and ESG 2005. As ISO 9001:2015 i ESG 2015 are adopted recently, most probably there are no many institutions that aligned their QMS with new requirements. Aim of this article is to answer following question: What are the consequences and compatibility level of implementing ISO 9001:2015 and ESG 2015? Keywords: Standard, Quality Management System (QMS), ISO 9001:2015; ESG 2015, Higher Education Institutions 36 �DIASPORAS AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVISM TO BUILD A MEMORIAL AT THE OMARSKA CONCENTRATION CAMP IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA Dženeta Karabegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dzeneta.karabegovic@ibu.edu.ba Maria Koinova Warwick University UK Abstract Scholarships on transitional justice, transnational social movements and transnational diaspora mobilization have offered little understanding of how memorialization initiatives with significant diaspora involvement emerge transnational and are embedded and sustained in different contexts. We argue that diasporas play a galvanizing role in transnational interest-based and symbolic politics, expanding claim-making from local to national, supranational, and global levels of engagement. Using initiatives to commemorate atrocities committed at the former Omarska concentration camp in Bosnia and Herzegovina, we identify a four-stage mobilization process. First, initiatives emerged and spread across transnational networks after a local political opportunity opened in the homeland. Second, attempts at coordination of activities took place transnational through an NGO. Third, initiatives were contextualized on the nation-state level in different host-states, depending on the political opportunities and constraints available there. Fourth, memorialization claims were eventually shifted from national to supranational and global levels. The article concludes by demonstrating the potential to apply the analysis to similar global movements in which diasporas are directly involved. 37 �AIMING FOR TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: DIASPORA MOBILIZATION TOWARDS YOUTH AND EDUCATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Dženeta Karabegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dzeneta.karabegovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Education is acknowledged as a component of transitional justice processes, yet details about how to implement education reform in postconflict societies are underexplored and politicized [King, Elisabeth. 2014. From Classrooms to Conflict in Rwanda. New York: Cambridge University Press]. Local and international actors often neglect the complicated nature of education reform in postconflict societies undergoing transitional justice processes [Jones, Briony. 2015. "Educating Citizens in BosniaHerzegovina: Experiences and Contradictions in Post-war Education Reform." In Transitional Justice and Reconciliation: Lessons from the Balkans, edited by Martina Fischer, and Olivera Simic, 193–208. New York: Routledge. Transitional Justice]. The role of the diaspora in transitional justice has been increasingly explored as a participatory transnational actor with influence and knowledge about local dynamics [Roht-Arriaza, Naomi. 2006. The Pinochet Effect: Transnational Justice in the Age of Human Rights. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press; Haider, Huma. 2008. “(Re)Imagining Coexistence: Striving for Sustainable Return, Reintegration and Reconciliation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ”International Journal of Transitional Justice 3 (1): 91–113; Young, Laura, and Rosalyn Park. 2009.“ Engaging Diasporas in Truth Commissions: Lessons from the Liberia Truth and Reconciliation Commission Diaspora Project.” International Journal of Transitional Justice 3 (3): 341– 361; Koinova, Maria, and Dženeta Karabegović. 2017.“ Diasporas and Transitional Justice: Transnational Activism from Local to Global Levels of Engagement.” Global Networks 17 (2): 212–233]. This article bridges academic literature about diaspora engagement and transitional justice, and education and transitional justice by incorporating the role of diaspora actors in post-conflict processes. Using empirical data from multi-sited field work in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Switzerland, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and France, it examines diaspora initiatives which aim to influence local transitional justice processes through translocal community involvement in education and youth policy. It argues that diaspora initiatives can provide alternative and intermediate solutions to the status quo in their homeland, with some potential for contributing to transitional justice and reconciliation processes. 38 �Ultimately, diaspora initiatives need support from homeland institutions in order to forward transitional justice agendas in post-conflict societies. Keywords: Diaspora, Transitional Justice, Education, Youth, Bosnia and Herzegovina 39 �II PART: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences 40 �CLOUD COMPUTING THREATS CLASSIFICATION MODEL BASED ON THE DETECTION FEASIBILITY OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Cloud computing became very popular in past few years, and most of the business and home users rely on its services. Because of its wide usage, cloud computing services became a common target of different cyber-attacks executed by insiders and outsiders. Therefore, cloud computing vendors and providers need to implement strong information security protection mechanisms on their cloud infrastructures. One approach that has been taken for successful threat detection that will lead to the successful attack prevention in cloud computing infrastructures is the application of machine learning algorithms. To understand how machine learning algorithms can be applied for cloud computing threat detection, we propose the cloud computing threat classification model based on the feasibility of machine learning algorithms to detect them. In this paper, we addressed three different criteria types, where we considered three types of classification: a) type of learning algorithm, b) input features and c) cloud computing level. Results proposed in this paper can contribute to further studies in the field of cloud threat detection with machine learning algorithms. More specifically, it will help in selecting appropriate input features, or machine learning algorithms, to obtain higher classification accuracy. Keywords: Cloud computing, Machine learning algorithms, Telecommunication traffic, Computer crime, Support vector machines 41 Computational modeling, �SMART HOMES WITH VOICE ACTIVATED SYSTEMS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Bekir Busatlic International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Isaac Lera University of the Balearic Islands Spain Enes Sukic Abstract Smart home refers to the application of various technologies to semi-unsupervised home control It refers to systems that control temperature, lighting, door locks, windows and many other appliances. The aim of this study was to design a system that will use existing technology to showcase how it can benefit people with disabilities. This work uses only off-the-shelf products (smart home devices and controllers), speech recognition technology, opensource code libraries. The Voice Activated Smart Home application was developed to demonstrate online grocery shopping and home control using voice comments and tested by measuring its effectiveness in performing tasks as well as its efficiency in recognizing user speech input. Keywords: Voice Activated Smart Home, Voice controller, Helping people with disabilities 42 �CLASSIFICATION OF ON-OFF STATES OF APPLIANCE CONSUMPTION SIGNATURES Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Emir Salihagić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emir.salihagic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a procedure for the analysis of the changes in the power (current and voltage) that goes into households and classifying the appliances used in the house according to their individual energy consumption. Utility companies use smart electric meters accompanied with NILM to examine the particular uses of electric power in households. Focus of this paper is on the analysis of the “ACS-F2 Database of Appliance Consumption Signatures”. The challenge lies in predicting the states of the electrical devices based on the measuring data which had been previously stored. Machine learning techniques have demonstrated to be effective in classification and pattern recognition tasks. In this paper, different algorithms implemented in the WEKA software are going to be used for the classification. Keywords: Home appliances, Databases, Training, Classification algorithms, Monitoring, Vegetation, Algorithm design and analysis 43 �AN INNOVATIVE RFID-BASED SOLUTION TO SECURE PARKING SPOTS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Sami Miniaoui University of Dubai United Arab Emirates Enes Sukić Abstract Using RFID Technology is increasingly integrated in our daily life. We are presenting in this paper the secured parking spots for physically challenged ‘‘SPSPC’’ system implementing the RFID technology for managing parking slots of physically challenged. We demonstrated using scenarios (car with tag, car with expired date tag, car without tag) that the ‘SPSPC’ system is able to recognize not only cars equipped with tag -then send accordingly welcoming SMS -but also cars without tags by checking with a step tag fixed in the wall. Operational mode of the ‘SPSPC’ system is illustrated as well as main components, methods, snippets of code and interfaces are presented and commented. In addition, we demonstrated how the ‘SPSPC’ system is providing the tracking of people committing repetitively these violations -by reporting them to the authorities- and generating statistics on parking occupancy rates helping in providing sufficient slots. Keywords: RFID Technology, Parking management, System design 44 �REMAINING LIFETIME MODELING USING STATE-OF-HEALTH ESTIMATION Nejra Beganović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejra.beganovic@ibu.edu.ba Dirk Söffker Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Abstract Technical systems and system’s components undergo gradual degradation over time. Continuous degradation occurred in system is reflected in decreased system’s reliability and unavoidably lead to a system failure. Therefore, continuous evaluation of State-of-Health (SoH) is inevitable to provide at least predefined lifetime of the system defined by manufacturer, or even better, to extend the lifetime given by manufacturer. However, precondition for lifetime extension is accurate estimation of SoH as well as the estimation and prediction of Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL). For this purpose, lifetime models describing the relation between system/component degradation and consumed lifetime have to be established. In this contribution modeling and selection of suitable lifetime models from database based on current SoH conditions are discussed. Main contribution of this paper is the development of new modeling strategies capable to describe complex relations between measurable system variables, related system degradation, and RUL. Two approaches with accompanying advantages and disadvantages are introduced and compared. Both approaches are capable to model stochastic aging processes of a system by simultaneous adaption of RUL models to current SoH. The first approach requires a priori knowledge about aging processes in the system and accurate estimation of SoH. An estimation of SoH here is conditioned by tracking actual accumulated damage into the system, so that particular model parameters are defined according to a priori known assumptions about system’s aging. Prediction accuracy in this case is highly dependent on accurate estimation of SoH but includes high number of degrees of freedom. The second approach in this contribution does not require a priori knowledge about system’s aging as particular model parameters are defined in accordance to multi-objective optimization procedure. Prediction accuracy of this model does not highly depend on estimated SoH. This model has lower degrees of freedom. Both approaches rely on previously developed lifetime models each of them corresponding to predefined SoH. Concerning first approach, model selection is aided by state-machine-based algorithm. 45 �In the second approach, model selection conditioned by tracking an exceedance of predefined thresholds is concerned. The approach is applied to data generated from tribological systems. By calculating Root Squared Error (RSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Absolute Error (ABE) the accuracy of proposed models/approaches is discussed along with related advantages and disadvantages. Verification of the approach is done using cross-fold validation, exchanging training and test data. It can be stated that the newly introduced approach based on data (denoted as data-based or datadriven) parametric models can be easily established providing detailed information about remaining useful/consumed lifetime valid for systems with constant load but stochastically occurred damage. Keywords: Structural health monitoring, Wear aging, Prognosis, Feature extraction, State classification, Remaining lifetime modeling, Condition-based maintenance 46 �STRUCTURAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT UTILIZATION FOR LIFETIME PROGNOSIS AND ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGY DEPLOYMENT OF WIND TURBINES: AN OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK CONCERNING ACTUAL METHODS, TOOLS, AND OBTAINED RESULTS Nejra Beganović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejra.beganovic@ibu.edu.ba Dirk Söffker Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Abstract In this contribution, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems applied to wind turbines (WTs) are considered. Challenges resulting from contradictions between requirements related to efficient operation with respect to energy production costs and those related to lifetime and maintenance are discussed. Especially pronounced in larger WT systems, structural loads contribute to lifetime shortening due to damage accumulation and damage-caused effects influencing subsystems of the wind turbine. Continuous monitoring of the WT system concerning State-of-Health is necessitated to provide information about the condition of the system guaranteeing reliable and efficient operation, as well as efficient energy extraction. In recent years, structural health monitoring of WT systems is significantly improved through automated on-line fault detection and health or condition monitoring (CM) system integration. In this contribution the focus is given to hardware components (mainly sensor technologies) and methods used for change evaluation, damage detection, and damage accumulation estimation. Accordingly, this contribution comprises recent knowledge about methods and approaches of handling structural loads with emphasis on offshore wind turbine systems and applied sensing technologies (especially with respect to wind turbine blades, gearboxes, and bearings) and partly hardware. Moreover, a brief sketch of an advanced concept is developed concerning structural load examination affected by operating conditions. Key idea of the introduced approach is to use the operating conditions to control and especially to extend system‫׳‬s lifetime. The review presents an actual state-of-the-art and overview related to the use and application of SHM-related technologies and methods. Especially in combination with the briefly introduced lifetime extension concept, the 47 �contribution gives comprehensive and detailed overview in combination with an outlook to upcoming technological options. Keywords: Structural health monitoring, Wind turbine diagnosis, Prognosis, Lifetime control, Home limp modes 48 �IMPLEMENTATION OF FREQUENCY-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF DAMAGES IN COMPOSITES USING REAL-TIME FPGA-BASED HARDWARE FRAMEWORK. IN PROCEEDING OF ASME Nejra Beganović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejra.beganovic@ibu.edu.ba Dirk Söffker Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Sebastian F. Wirtz Adauto P. A. Cunha Abstract Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems become an integral part of most technical systems in recent years. An integration of SHM in technical systems is closely related to: i) providing the guaranteed service lifetime of a system, ii) scheduled/planned maintenance actions, and iii) optimized system operation. For these purposes, different system variables can be monitored and utilized for an estimation of aging level of the system. Monitored system variables are therefore correlated to stochastically occurring damage, indirectly also to Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL). Among challenges related to SHM, high attention is given to the reduction of a large amount of measured data and its real-time signal processing. In this contribution, classification of damages in composite materials using measurements of Acoustic Emission (AE) is proposed. Here, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied to AE signal to identify different damages in composites. As AE-signal is found in high frequency bandwidth, the amount of data captured in a short time period is enormous. Consequently, the calculation of DWT of such signal requires processing time quite far from real time and delays the entire classification procedure. Due to this, real-time implementation of DWT is proposed to cope with huge amount of captured data in this case and to reduce the time required for signal processing. Using FPGAbased system, real-time implementation of DWT is shown. Obtained results are compared with the results of offline DWT calculation to prove the efficiency and accuracy of real-time implementation. Keywords: Composite materials , Hardware , Damage 49 �INTEGRATED PROGNOSTIC MODEL FOR RUL ESTIMATION USING THRESHOLD OPTIMIZATION Nejra Beganović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejra.beganovic@ibu.edu.ba Dirk Söffker Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Rosmawati Jihin Universität Duisburg-Essen Germany Abstract The capability of prognostic models to estimate loss of machines functionality, enables plant operators to manage the system maintenance and related logistics tasks (spare part management) effectively. Prognostic models will be a key feature and therefore connect the operation of machines and systems in higher modes of automation and factory digitalization, denoted as Industry 4.0 (Germany), Industrial Internet (US), and China 2025 (China) focusing to machines life cycle with respect to reliable and continuous operation and functionality. Prognostic models allow to estimate reliability characteristics mainly related to lifetime and reliability’s characteristic (hazard rate, availability). Using the models during operation, operational cost and in the best case due to connected maintenance strategies unscheduled machine downtimes can be reduced. Through appropriate control strategies, it is possible to preserve the service lifetime based on the information of damage accumulation in unpredicted circumstances. Even with inadequate informations extracted from monitoring data, prognostic schemes allow to predict upcoming physical characteristics that permits a higher level of condition-based system maintenance. The optimization of integrated lifetime model becomes vital for accurate estimation of machine’s state and therefore the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL). In this work, a previously developed, novel state-machine model combined with parametric approaches is extended. The approach can be characterized as parameterized state machine model. During training, experimental data including stochastically effects stress-related data are combined with the moment in time of functional loss; related parameters, and thresholds are combined to define a model by optimization. The threshold optimization will identify the best optimal solution. The application (test) for unknown system data demonstrate that these new kind of prognostic model is able to estimate the RUL with high accuracy. In this paper, the optimization of the model containing the structure of state machine as well as related parameters are discussed. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the improvement. 50 �HEALTH SERVICE QUALITY MEASUREMENT FROM PATIENT REVIEWS IN TURKISH BY OPINION MINING Zeynep Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zeynep.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Elton Domnori Epoka University, Tirana Albania Migena Ceyhan Universiteti i Shkodrës "Luigj Gurakuqi" Albania Abstract Measuring the customer satisfaction is one of the most important aspects for every successful enterprise trying to improve its service quality, so accumulating reviews is highly encouraged. However, as the number of reviews expand it is crucial to develop effective sentiment analysis systems capable of classifying the comments to accomplish further analysis. This is one of the rare studies analyzing health service contentment, especially in Turkish. Positive and negative comments collected from patients were used to train and test a classification system by using machine learning methods such as Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SMO) and J48 tree algorithms, resulting in instantaneous and high average prediction rates varying between 90.4% to 95.8%. Keywords: Text classification Turkish Sentiment Analysis Opinion mining Health care reviews classification 51 �E-MEDICAL TEST RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS’ SYMPTOMS AND ANAMNESES Zeynep Orhan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zeynep.orhan@ibu.edu.ba Elton Domnori Epoka University, Tirana Albania Migena Ceyhan Universiteti i Shkodrës "Luigj Gurakuqi" Albania Abstract This paper demonstrates an e-medical test recommendation system based on the analysis of patients’ symptoms and anamneses. The exact test selection for a specific patient can be time consuming and error-prone due to the huge amount of information to be considered like: the number of tests, patients, long working hours, exceptional cases, etc. The redundant or missing tests can cause serious loss of money, time and more seriously delay in the initiation of the therapy. The study aims to provide a fast and cost effective system for the medical experts and patients. The data are collected from the patient records of a private hospital, preserving anonymity, from all departments. Only the internal medicine department data are utilized. The patients’ age, gender and the words used in the anamneses and symptoms as plain text are the input for the system. The texts are analyzed and various methods have been applied for selecting the effective words for recommending a specific medical test. These terms, along with the demographic information, are used as the features of the well-known machine learning algorithms of WEKA [5], namely Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), J48, Random-Forest (RF), Bagging (Bagg), ADTree (ADT) and AdaBoostM1 (ABoost). The number of medical tests that are applicable in the hospitals is too high, therefore only 20 most frequently required ones are selected. The promising results of the study indicated that the symptoms given as plain text can be efficiently utilized by the experts for medical test selection. Keywords: e-Medical Test Recommendation Natural Language Processing Morphological Analysis Machine Learning 52 �CLOUD COMPUTING-BASED PARALLEL GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR GENE SELECTION IN CANCER CLASSIFICATION Dino Kečo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dino.keco@ibu.edu.ba Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract Cancer classification is one of the main steps during patient healing process. This fact enforces modern clinical researchers to use advanced bioinformatics methods for cancer classification. Cancer classification is usually performed using gene expression data gained in microarray experiment and advanced machine learning methods. Microarray experiment generates huge amount of data, and its processing via machine learning methods represents a big challenge. In this study, two-step classification paradigm which merges genetic algorithm feature selection and machine learning classifiers is utilized. Genetic algorithm is built in MapReduce programming spirit which makes this algorithm highly scalable for Hadoop cluster. In order to improve the performance of the proposed algorithm, it is extended into a parallel algorithm which process on microarray data in distributed manner using the Hadoop MapReduce framework. In this paper, the algorithm was tested on eleven GEMS data sets (9 tumors, 11 tumors, 14 tumors, brain tumor 1, lung cancer, brain tumor 2, leukemia 1, DLBCL, leukemia 2, SRBCT, and prostate tumor) and its accuracy reached 100% for less than 25 selected features. The proposed cloud computing-based MapReduce parallel genetic algorithm performed well on gene expression data. In addition, the scalability of the suggested algorithm is unlimited because of underlying Hadoop MapReduce platform. The presented results indicate that the proposed method can be effectively implemented for real-world microarray data in the cloud environment. In addition, the Hadoop MapReduce framework demonstrates substantial decrease in the computation time. Keywords: Cancer classification Gene expression Hadoop MapReduce Parallel genetic algorithm 53 �SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS WEB APPLICATION Dino Kečo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dino.keco@ibu.edu.ba Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Bećir Isaković International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina becir.isakovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Social media is very important factor in analyzing modern society as a whole, their values, norms, and behaviors, as being a part of our everyday life. This study is oriented towards analyzing social media in order to allow users to create their own preferences to follow (analyze) a specific social media source. The web application has been developed to allow a user to follow specific Facebook accounts and categorize the Facebook posts on those accounts based on the user defined taxonomies. Results of this study are various reports generated from the Facebook posts and their statistics that are clustered based on the user defined taxonomies. The benefit of this project is that any user can track in real time when people are talking about some topic, and it enables anyone to have better insight about society as a whole, their values, norms, what they find interesting, and many other things. This tool is also useful for different companies to track the user feedback on social networks for their products. Keywords: Social Media Analysis, Facebook, Big Data, noSQL Database, Parallel Programming 54 �SYN FLOOD ATTACK DETECTION IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE Dino Kečo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dino.keco@ibu.edu.ba Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Kemal Hajdarević University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Cloud computing is a trending technology, as it reduces the cost of running a business. However, many companies are skeptic moving about towards cloud due to the security concerns. Based on the Cloud Security Alliance report, Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are among top 12 attacks in the cloud computing. Therefore, it is important to develop a mechanism for detection and prevention of these attacks. The aim of this paper is to evaluate Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm in creating the model for classification of DoS attacks and normal network behaviors. The study was performed in several phases: a) attack simulation, b) data collection, c) feature selection, and d) classification. The proposed model achieved 100% classification accuracy with true positive rate (TPR) of 100%. SVM showed outstanding performance in DoS attack detection and proves that it serves as a valuable asset in the network security area. Keywords: Cloud computing, SYN flood, DoS attack, Support Vector Machine 55 �TRAINING NETWORK MANAGERS IN ETHICAL HACKING TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE RESOURCE STARVATION ATTACKS USING GNS3 SIMULATOR Nejdet Dogru International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejdet.dogru@ibu.edu.ba Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Kemal Hajdarević University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Indira Avdagić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Adna Kozić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The threat of resource starvation attacks is one of the major problems for the e-Business. More recently these attacks became threats for Cloud environments and Denial of Service is a sub-category of these kinds of attack. The network management is process of taking proactive actions before the attack has taken effect which is responsibility of skilled employees - network managers. In recent time vulnerability testing skills are needed to harden system security. These skills have to be developed thus for we created scenario in a controlled environment, to provide opportunity for student trainees to train their skills, so that defense could be prepared. This paper describes a simulation-based training scenario using simulator and by using hacking tools in which student trainees experience the symptoms and effects of a DDoS attack, practice their responses in a simulated environment, with goal to prepare them for the real attacks. Keywords: Tools, Computer crime, Firewalls (computing), Random access memory, Training, Testing 56 �CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE DETECTION USING RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER, COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE Zerina Mašetić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina zerina.masetic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract Background and objectives Automatic electrocardiogram (ECG) heartbeat classification is substantial for diagnosing heart failure. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of machine learning methods in creating the model which classifies normal and congestive heart failure (CHF) on the long-term ECG time series. Methods The study was performed in two phases: feature extraction and classification phase. In feature extraction phase, autoregressive (AR) Burg method is applied for extracting features. In classification phase, five different classifiers are examined namely, C4.5 decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, artificial neural networks and random forest classifier. The ECG signals were acquired from BIDMC Congestive Heart Failure and PTB Diagnostic ECG databases and classified by applying various experiments. Results The experimental results are evaluated in several statistical measures (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F-measure and ROC curve) and showed that the random forest method gives 100% classification accuracy. Conclusions Impressive performance of random forest method proves that it plays significant role in detecting congestive heart failure (CHF) and can be valuable in expressing knowledge useful in medicine. Keywords: Electrocardiogram(ECG), Congestive heart failure (CHF), Autoregressive (AR) modeling, Machine learning, Random forest 57 �AN EXTENDED MODEL OF A LEVEL AND FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Abstract FESTO Compact Workstation is a well known didactic tool in process control. This paper aims at providing an improved transfer function model of this system's level and flow control loops. This higher order model is compared to existing first order system approximations of the level control loop in various input-output scenarios to verify its applicability and superiority. Results are obtained using MATLAB System Identification Toolbox after data acquisition in LabVIEW. MATLAB Simulink is used for cascade PI and single loop PI experiments to show the improvement cascade control on the new model brings. Together with the practical value the results have, the procedure conducted here can serve as a primer and a tutorial for system identification class using this or similar apparatus. Keywords: Process Control, Modeling, Simulation, Level Control, Flow Control 58 �MANAGEMENT OF THE POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS USING FUZZY LOGIC Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Šarić Abstract This paper presents a fuzzy system for management of the power distribution network reconstruction process. The proposed system is based on Mamdani type fuzzy inference which is used to model reconstruction criteria. The system considers number of customers, rate of failure and age of distribution lines as input variables and provides output values used as criteria in a decision making process. The decision making process is based on the Bellman-Zadeh method in which decision making is performed by the intersection of fuzzy goals and constraints. In this paper, fuzzy logic is introduced as a system planning tool in order to account for weaknesses and imprecision of the traditional planning methods. The proposed model is presented as a logical decision making framework which can be used to evaluate and rank power distribution network reconstruction projects according to their ability to deliver long term benefits, both to the utility and customers. 59 �CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF UNCERTAINTY MODELLING METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Jasna Hivziefendić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasna.hivzifendic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Šarić Abstract Uncertainty is one of the most important factors which contributes to the complexity of the power system operation and management. This paper presents some of the most important uncertainty modelling techniques and compares their advantages and disadvantage. In particular, this paper focuses on identification, classification and comparison of uncertainty modelling approaches used in power systems, highlighting the Distributed Generation (DG) allocation problem. The main objective of this paper is to identify the sources of uncertainty in DG allocation problem, review the most important uncertainty modelling methods and propose the appropriate matching approach between the sources of uncertainty and modelling methods. 60 �PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION, DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM, AND WAVELET PACKED DECOMPOSITION FOR AUTOMATED EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION AND PREDICTION Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Emina Alickovic Linköping University Sweden Abstract This study proposes a new model which is fully specified for automated seizure onset detection and seizure onset prediction based on electroencephalography (EEG) measurements. We processed two archetypal EEG databases, Freiburg (intracranial EEG) and CHB-MIT (scalp EEG), to find if our model could outperform the state-of-the art models. Four key components define our model: (1) multiscale principal component analysis for EEG de-noising, (2) EEG signal decomposition using either empirical mode decomposition, discrete wavelet transform or wavelet packet decomposition, (3) statistical measures to extract relevant features, (4) machine learning algorithms. Our model achieved overall accuracy of 100% in ictal vs. inter-ictal EEG for both databases. In seizure onset prediction, it could discriminate between inter-ictal, pre-ictal, and ictal EEG with the accuracy of 99.77%, and between inter-ictal and pre-ictal EEG states with the accuracy of 99.70%. The proposed model is general and should prove applicable to other classification tasks including detection and prediction regarding biosignals such as EMG and ECG. Keywords: Electroencephalography (EEG), Epilepsy, Seizure detection and prediction, Multiscale PCA (MSPCA), Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), Wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) 61 �AN EFFECTIVE COMBINING CLASSIFIER APPROACH USING TREE ALGORITHMS FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Samed Jukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina samed.jukic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract In this paper, we developed a combining classifier model based on tree-based algorithms for network intrusion detection. The NSL-KDD dataset, a much improved version of the original KDDCUP’99 dataset, was used to evaluate the performance of our detection algorithm. The task of our detection algorithm was to classify whether the incoming network traffics are normal or an attack, based on 41 features describing every pattern of network traffic. The detection accuracy of 89.24 % was achieved using the combination of random tree and NBTree algorithms based on the sum rule scheme, outperforming the individual random tree algorithm. This result represents the highest result achieved so far using the complete NSL-KDD dataset. Therefore, combining classifier approach based on the sum rule scheme can yield better results than individual classifiers, giving us hope of better anomaly based intrusion detection systems in the future. Keywords: Intrusion detection, Tree-based classifiers, NSL-KDD, Combining classifiers approach 62 �COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION METHODS IN CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SIGNALS FOR MOTOR-IMAGERY BCI SYSTEM Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract In this study, three popular signal processing techniques (Empirical Mode Decomposition, Discrete Wavelet Transform, and Wavelet Packet Decomposition) were investigated for the decomposition of Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals in Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system for a classification task. Publicly available BCI competition III dataset IVa, a multichannel 2-class motor-imagery dataset, was used for this purpose. Multiscale Principal Component Analysis method was applied for the purpose of noise removal. In addition, different sets of features were formed to examine the effect of a particular group of features. The parameter selection process for signal decomposition methods was thoroughly explained as well. Our results show that the combination of Multiscale Principal Component Analysis de-noising and higher order statistics features extracted from wavelet packet decomposition sub-bands resulted in highest average classification accuracy of 92.8%. Our study is one among very few that provides a comprehensive comparison between signal decomposition methods in combination with higher order statistics in classification of BCI signals. In addition, we stressed the importance of higher frequency ranges in improving the classification task for EEG signals in Brain Computer Interface Systems. Obtained results indicate that the proposed model has the potential to obtain a reliable classification of motor imagery EEG signals, and can thus be used as a practical system for controlling a wheelchair. It can also further enhance the current rehabilitation therapies where appropriate feedback is delivered once the individual executes the correct movement. In that way, motor rehabilitation outcomes may improve over time. Keywords: Empirical mode decomposition (EMD), Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), Wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), Motor imagery (MI), Brain computer interface (BCI), Higher order statistics (HOS), BCI competition III dataset Iva 63 �EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION USING HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING METHODS Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abdullah Canbaz University of Nevada US Abstract The aim of this study is to establish a hybrid model for epileptic seizure detection with genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to determine the optimum parameters of support vector machines (SVMs) for classification of EEG data. SVMs are one of the robust machine learning techniques and have been extensively used in many application areas. The kernel parameter’s setting for SVMs in training process effects the classification accuracy. We used GA- and PSO-based approach to optimize the SVM parameters. Compared to the GA algorithm, the PSO-based approach significantly improves the classification accuracy. It is shown that the proposed Hybrid SVM can reach a classification accuracy of up to 99.38% for the EEG datasets. Hence, the proposed Hybrid SVM is an efficient tool for neuroscientists to detect epileptic seizure in EEG. Keywords: Discrete wavelet transform (DWT), Electroencephalogram (EEG), Epileptic seizure, Genetic algorithm (GA), Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Support vector machines (SVMs) 64 �WAVELET AND TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) FOR HEART SOUND PROCESSING AND IDENTIFICATION Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Bandić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.bandic@ibu.edu.ba Aiša Ramović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Emina Germović Abstract The heart sound signal (heartbeat) recorded from normal subjects usually contains two separate tones, S1 and S2. In addition, an auscultation technique used to provide physicians with accurate and objective interpretation of heart sounds can be used to detect four sounds, namely, S1, S2, S3, and S4, during the heart cycle. In this project, we propose a technique to detect these four heartbeats effectively using the combination of multi-scale wavelet transform and Teager Energy Operator to increase the precision of the detection process. The purpose of combining TEO with Wavelets is to observe how different details obtained from the Wavelet Transform influence the Teager Operator success in detecting S1, S2, S3, and S4 heart sounds. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated in experiments related to different cardiac conditions, achieving 88 % accuracy for localization of S1 and S2, and 86 % accuracy for S3 and/or S4. Keywords: Heart sounds, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Teager Energy Operator (TEO), Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) 65 �HEART SOUNDS DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM (DWT) TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Hodžić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.hodzic@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Fojnica International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Ahmed Osmanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Layla Abdel-Ilah International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This research implements decision tree classifiers and artificial neural network to predict whether the patient will live with ovary cancer or not. Dataset was obtained from Danish Cancer Register and contains five Input parameters. Dataset contains some missing values and a noticeable improvement in accuracy was detected after removing them. Three features of the original dataset were shown to be the most significant: Mobility of the cancer, Surface of the cancer, and the Consistency of the cancer. The addition of the other two features (Size of the cancer and age of the patient) did not improve the results significantly. It was noticed that the patients with a cystic, but fixed and even cancer have always died from the ovary cancer. In contrast, the patients with uneven, but fixed and solid cancer have always survived the cancer. It is recommended to include more information about either the cancer or the patient to increase the chance of predicting the output of such patients. Keywords: Ovary Cancer, Decision Tree Classifiers, Artificial Neural Network, Feature Selection 66 �OVARY CANCER DETECTION USING DECISION TREE CLASSIFIERS BASED ON HISTORICAL DATA OF OVARY CANCER PATIENTS Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Bandić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.bandic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Emir Džaferović Sabahudin Vrtagić Saeed Mian Qaisar Abstract It is estimated that there are millions of people with epilepsy around the world. Seizure detection and prediction systems are built to improve lifestyle of patients. Closed-loop systems are designed to predict and detect seizures and inform patient and caretakers. Ideally, wireless technologies are used in order not to interfere with patient's life. We build a prototype for closed-loop systems consisting of Mind Wave EEG capturing device and Android application communicating via Bluetooth. The application can store signals locally or send them to cloud and then process them for different applications such as BCI, Neurofeedback, epileptic seizure prediction, etc. Keywords: Android, Electroencephalograpg (EEG), Closed-loop systems, Mind Wave Mobile Headset 67 �CRITERIA FOR SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Damir Bilić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.bilic@ibu.edu.ba Mehrija Hasičić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehrija.hasicic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper gives a thorough overview of Solar Car Optimized Route Estimation (SCORE), novel route optimization scheme for solar vehicles based on solar irradiance and target distance. In order to conduct the optimization, both data collection and the optimization algorithm itself have to be performed using appropriate hardware. Here we give an insight to both stages, hardware and software used and present some results of the SCORE system together with certain improvements of its fusion and optimization criteria. Results and the limited applicability of SCORE are discussed together with an overview of future research plans and comparison with state-of-the-art solar vehicle optimization solutions. Keywords: Vehicle routing, Electric vehicle, Solar vehicle, Navigation, Route optimization 68 �BERTHIL CEPSTRUM: A NOVEL VIBRATION ANALYSIS METHOD BASED ON MARGINAL HILBERT SPECTRUM APPLIED TO ARTIFICIAL MOTOR AGING Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Abstract Motor age determination as a part of condition monitoring heavily employs vibration analysis. This study introduces a new method for such analysis, based on concepts of cepstrum and marginal Hilbert spectrum. This new method, named Berthil cepstrum, may be applied in general signal processing, not only when vibration signals are concerned. Classical marginal Hilbert spectrum has also been applied to the artificial motor aging data with excellent results. Furthermore, a ranking of known spectrumbased methods for determination of motor age together with the new methods introduced in this study has been made based on SVM and RELIEF attribute ranking, showing quality of the new methods. Keywords: Hilbert transform, Cepstrum Vibration, Condition monitoring, Artificial motor aging 69 �PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION Harun Šiljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina haris.siljak@ibu.edu.ba Damir Bilić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.bilic@ibu.edu.ba Mehrija Hasičić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mehrija.hasicic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Solar Car Optimized Route Estimation (SCORE) has been proposed in an earlier publication as an alternative navigation principle for solar cars, conducting route optimization based on both distance and solar irradiance data. This paper gives details about the implementation and discusses results of SCORE's use, suggesting possible limitations and future research directions. The results show limited applicability of solar irradiance data for route optimization, but suggesting that parking place selection is an important aspect that needs to be taken care of. The implementation uses both a MATLAB testbed application and C/C++ code for TI's ARM Cortex-M4F based TM4C123G LaunchPad, and the final version of the SCORE client is placed in a custom built solar vehicle. Combined with the previously developed server for sensor data collection and data processing and sensor transmitter infrastructure for solar irradiation, the route optimization system is fully operational. Keywords: Navigation, Embedded Systems, Solar Vehicles, Route Optimization 70 �APPLICATION OF TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR FOR THE POWER SYSTEM FAULT IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALISATION Nejra Čišija-Kobilica International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina nejra.cisija@ibu.edu.ba Samir Avdaković Abstract Power system is constantly exposed to the disturbances. Some disturbances can cause cascading propagation and outages of other generators or transmission lines in the system. Finally, this can lead to partial or total system blackout. Wide Area Monitoring and Protection (WAMPAC) systems based on phasor measurement units (PMU) are strongly improving in order to eventually prevent these dangerous occurences. This platform presents the basis for the development of smart grids. One of the requirements for smart power systems is the presence of the algorithms for fast and correct identification and localization. In this paper Teager Energy Operator (TEO) is proposed for the processing and analysis of the synchronized measurement signals in order to perform fault identification and localization. Several fault types are simulated in the NE 39 bus test system using the DigSILENT Power Factory software. The results of the fault identification and localization are compared with the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). 71 �SENSOR NETWORK INFORMATION FLOW CONTROL METHOD WITH STATIC COORDINATOR WITHIN INTERNET OF THINGS IN SMART HOUSE ENVIRONMENT Dejan Jokić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dejan.jokic@ibu.edu.ba Aleksejs Jurenoks Riga Technical University Latvia Abstract Nowadays the technical solutions related to energy resource management are being rapidly developed and integrated into the daily lives of people. The energy resource management systems use sensor networks for receiving and processing information during the realia time. Despite the large number of research related to increasing the life expectancy of a network, node positioning, network clustering as well as the optimization of the data-processing model, issues related to the data flow management and classification of the information become more and more topical; they allow to reduce the amount of transmitted information within the network. The network load of the unstructured information flow is the most important aspect that impacts the service quality of the network as well as the life expectancy of a node; as a result, the methods of network performance optimization and increase in life expectancy in the networks with a high information transmission rate become ineffective. Nowadays the amount of transmitted information in the Internet of Things networks is increased and becomes chaotic which results in the reduction of the overall network efficiency and life expectancy. The article discusses the management method of the network data flow that can respond to a data flow programming task whilst taking into account the balancing of the node energy in the network. Keywords: Sensor NetworkLife expectancyData processingSmart house 72 �COORDINATOR ROLE MOBILITY METHOD FOR INCREASING THE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS Dejan Jokić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dejan.jokic@ibu.edu.ba Aleksejs Jurenoks Riga Technical University Latvia Abstract The general problem of wireless sensor network nodes is the low-power batteries that significantly limit the life expectancy of a network. Nowadays the technical solutions related to energy resource management are being rapidly developed and integrated into the daily lives of people. The energy resource management systems use sensor networks for receiving and processing information during the realia time. The present paper proposes using a coordinator role mobility method for controlling the routing processes for energy balancing in nodes, which provides dynamic network reconfiguration possibilities. The method is designed to operate fully in the background and can be integrated into any exiting working system. Keywords: Industry 4.0, Life Expectancy, Sensor Network 73 �COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTROLLERS FOR PUMA 560 ROBOT Dejan Jokić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina dejan.jokic@ibu.edu.ba Slobodan Lubura Faculty of Electrical Engineering East Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Regarding the fact that the industrial robot PUMA 560 is one of the robots with the best mathematical description of its kinematics, it found the new application in the research laboratories for educational purposes. For that reason there is a need to design new controllers which would be compatible with the contemporary CAD tools used for robot movement programming in a graphic manner. Basically, new controllers can be divided into two groups: PC-based and with embedded computer. It is well established that PC computers are known for their unreliability and sensitivity to computer viruses and the suggestion is that the stated shortcomings should be overcome by the use of FPGA based embedded computers. In this paper is suggested FPGA based controller which has to answer the following requirement of the hypothesis: realisation of the robot controller based on FPGA chip (single chip) which contributes the system availability and safety while answering all the functional, safety and economical requirements. The new controller will enable the use of advance CAD tools which is one of the aims of the research. Keywords: Robot Control, Controllers, Arm Movements, Digital Circuits, Control Algorithms 74 �CLOUD-BASED MOBILE PLATFORM FOR EEG SIGNAL ANALYSIS Jasmin Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina jasmin.kevric@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Bandić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.bandic@ibu.edu.ba Abdulhamit Subasi Effat University Saudi Arabia Emir Džaferović Sabahudin Vrtagić Saeed Mian Qaisar Abstract It is estimated that there are millions of people with epilepsy around the world. Seizure detection and prediction systems are built to improve lifestyle of patients. Closed-loop systems are designed to predict and detect seizures and inform patient and caretakers. Ideally, wireless technologies are used in order not to interfere with patient's life. We build a prototype for closed-loop systems consisting of Mind Wave EEG capturing device and Android application communicating via Bluetooth. The application can store signals locally or send them to cloud and then process them for different applications such as BCI, Neurofeedback, epileptic seizure prediction, etc. Keywords: Android, Electroencephalograpg (EEG), Closed-loop systems, MindWave Mobile Headset 75 �THE ABILITY OF WATER ACCUMULATION MODRAC TO BE SOURCE FOR DRINKING WATER Ahmed El Sayed International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmed.elsayed@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Habibović Jasmina Marić Abstract The largest water management facility in Bosnia and Herzegovina is water accumulation Modrac. Total annual water balance is around 500 million m3. This research examine the possibility of water supply for settlements in the area, as well as providing the necessary amount of technical water for the industry from the Modrac accumulation. Given that Modrac accumulation is the primary recipient of wastewater from settlements and industry, necessary measures for wastewater treatment are defined. Hydraulic analysis of water balance in the accumulation, as well as the amount of water consumed in the settlements and industries, determined are the possibilities of accumulation as a source of drinking water. According to this analysis, the accumulation has potential to be a source of water supply, not only for the city of Tuzla, but the surrounding areas without significant negative impact on the balance of water in the accumulation. It is also concluded that the appropriate treatment of waste water from industry and settlements that gravitate to accumulation, provides better quality of raw water which would be purified into drinking water. Keywords: Accumulation, Water supply, Specific consumption, potable water treatment, raw water, hydraulic pressure, drinking water quality, water balance 76 �REALNA PRIMJENLJIVOST EKOLOŠKI PRIHVATLJIVIH MATERIJALA I TEHNOLOGIJA U IZGRADNJI ENERGETSKI EFIKASNIH ZGRADA U BIH Ahmed El Sayed International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahmed.elsayed@ibu.edu.ba Ismail Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Fuad Ćatović Abstract Ekspanzija industrije prouzrokovana potrebama ekonomskog rasta i porastom potreba stanovništva u svijetu, praćena je intenzivnom potrošnjom primarnih energenata i nekontrolisanom eksploatacijom prirodnih resursa. Posljedice su vidljive svuda oko nas, zrak, voda i tlo zagađeni su do nivoa da nam je ozbiljno ugroženo zdravlje prije svega. To su problemi koji su se akumulirali prethodnih dva vijeka ali su tek poslednjih decenija postali aktuelni na globalnom nivou. Naftna kriza iz 1973, katastrofa u Černobilu iz 1986 i teorija o klimatskim promjenama i globalnom zagrijavanju su uzdrmale svijet i izvukle ga iz iracionalne nezainteresovanosti za štetu koju nanosimo okruženju i prvenstveno sami sebi. Iluzije o ljudskoj superiornosti nad prirodom i neiscrpnim obiljem su zamijenjene brigom za budućnost i racionalnijim pristupom ka održivom razvoju. Potrošnja fosilnih goriva je identifikovana kao jedan od glavnih uzročnika štetnog uticaja na okolinu. Bez obzira na napore u razvoju alternativnih i forsiranju korištenja obnovljivih izvora energije, učešće fosilnih goriva u ukupnoj proizvodnji energije u svijetu je prema podacima Svjetske banke (The World Bank) još uvijek 87,5% i bilježi blagi porast. U prosjeku 4145% od ukupno proizvedene svjetske energije se koristi u zgradama. Samim tim značaj i pozitivni efekti povećanja energetske efikasnosti u zgradama su neupitni. Bez obzira na deklarativnu sada već decenijsku posvećenost povećanju energetske efikasnosti zgrada, sve je još uvijek u nekoj ranoj fazi razvoja. Razloga ima više, prvenstveno zbog tipske inertnosti građevinske industrije, zatim neadekvatne zakonske regulative i standardizacije, ekonomskih barijera i zastoja u razvoju novih tehnologija. Postoji i vidljiv otpor u prihvatanju novog načina razmišljanja i praktičnoj primjeni, posebno jer su kriterijumi za energetsku efikasnost upotpunjeni i kriterijumom ekološke prihvatljivosti. Novi pristup razvoju projekta u građevinarstvu je zasnovan na detaljnoj analizi ukupnih efekata budućeg objekta, kroz procese dizajniranja, izgradnje i upotrebe sve do potencijalnog kraja njegovog postojanja. To 77 �podrazumijeva analizu ekološkog, ekonomskog i kulturološkog efekta izgradnje zgrade, životnog ciklusa upotrijebljenih materijala i tehnologija, kapaciteta zgrade i njene interakcije sa okolinom, komfora prostora i mogućeg uticaja na zdravlje budućih korisnika. Energetska efikasnost zgrada se na prostorima BiH uglavnom poistovjećuje sa upotrebom „što debljeg“ termo izolacionog sloja na fasadama i termo izolacionog stakla na otvorima zgrade. Kada su u pitanju ekološki prihvatljivi materijali to je još uvijek pastoralna priča o drvetu, blatu, slami, kamenu i vuni. Upotreba nekih od tehnologija za pasivnu ili aktivnu uštedu energije je zanemariva. Svakako da se može naći opravdanje za takvo stanje stvari ali postoji i prostor za poboljšanja. Cilj ovog rada je da se evidentira problematika i ukaže na realne mogućnosti promjena u pristupu izgradnji energetski efikasnih zgrada u BiH. Keywords: Industrijalizacija, životna sredina, održivi razvoj, ušteda energije, izgradnja, ekološka prihvatljivost, materijali, tehnologije 78 �EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE FOR WATER PENETRATION DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WWTP IN BIHAĆ Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Sabina Kozlica Ena Čehić Abstract Water tightness defines the resistance of concrete structures to the penetration of water under specific pressure. Since hydrotehnical structures are mainly made of reinforced concrete and are used for water retention, these facilities must be watertight, so special attention is paid to the concrete mix design, including admixtures. Thus, satisfying this criteria was unavoidable during the design and construction of the Wastewater Treatment Plant in Bihać, as a part of the Project for Collection and Treatment of Waste Water. Consequently, testing of water resistance of concrete was conducted according to EN 12390-8:2010, and goal of this paper is to present this experience through data processing and test results. Keywords: Water resistant concrete, Concrete Quality control, Waste Water Treatment Plant in Bihać 79 �EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT ACCORDING TO EN 10002-1 Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Sabina Kozlica Ena Čehić Abstract Construction of Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) is a second component of the Waste Water Collection and Treatment Project in Bihać. WWTP Project included design and construction of complex hydro technical facilities that represent technological parts for waste water treatment. Since majority of facilities of WWTP are designed and constructed as reinforced concrete structures, a special attention was given in quality control of concrete and reinforcement. This paper’s focus is the quality control of installed concrete reinforcement at the construction site of WWTP. The aim of the paper is to show, emphasize and share experience with professional community in application and implementation of European norm for concrete reinforcement - EN 10002-1 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Keywords: EN 10002-1, Testing, Reinforcement Quality Control, Waste Water Treatment Plant 80 �APPLICATION OF CPR 305/2011 TO PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENTS Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Bajramović University of Bihać Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper introduces the method of implementation of the European Parliament and the Council Construction Products Regulation No. 305/2011 for precast concrete products. The Regulation defines the conditions for placement of construction products in the internal market of the European Union, as well as methods and systems for conformity assessment to demonstrate the continuity of the characteristics of construction products. There are authorities to control the internal market community, in the countries of the European Union, whose main task is to control whether the product and supporting documentation meet the requirements of the Regulation. This work focuses to conformity assessment of precast concrete products in accordance with European harmonized standards. Meeting the requirements of the Regulation and harmonized standards for precast concrete products, the product can be introduced to the EU market. Keywords: CPR Regulation, Precast Concrete Elements, Quality, CE Marking 81 �ACCREDITED LABORATORIES IN PROCESS OF INTRODUCING OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS TO EU MARKET Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Bajramović University of Bihać Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Laboratories that tend to be competitive in the international market must establish, document, apply and maintain a quality management system according to EN ISO/IEC 17025 - General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. Acceptance of testing results among countries should be easier if laboratories comply with ISO/IEC 17025, and will also improve cooperation among laboratories. Accreditation of laboratories is used worldwide as a vehicle to verify their technical competence to conduct specific types of tests. Customers require confidence in in the safety and quality of products purchased. The accreditation of laboratories provides confidence in test results and it is an evidence of their competence as well. The paper gives an overview of the current status of accredited laboratories for construction products in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The appropriate testing and certification of products are of great importance for the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, if accepted and recognized by the EU member states. This is possible to be done in the framework of own infrastructure, including affordable prices. There are many industrial fields of expertise in which technical regulations require testing of products conducted in accredited laboratories. Keywords: Labaratories Accreditation, ISO/IEC 17025, Construction product 82 �CARBON FIBERS - MATERIAL OF NEW POSSIBILITIES Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Aldin Mahmutović University of Bihać Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Carbon fibers were patented in 1957 by Roger Bacon in the laboratory of Union Carbide, Ohio, Cleveland, USA. In the beginning, they were not being applied in the construction industry. However, the development of technology for their production, their mechanical properties, especially the ability to take over tensile forces, low self-weight, durability, resistance to corrosion and chemicals, and relatively simple application candidate this material for the material of the future in the construction industry and civil engineering. Their high cost is the reason why carbon fibers are not applied more in construction, at the moment. Carbon fibers are mostly currently used in the construction for reinforcement of concrete and timber structures and joints, for the rehabilitation of structures damaged by the action of seismic forces and fire, as well as to increase the load-bearing capacity of structures due to increased static and dynamic loads caused by change of occupancy of different structures, as well as for the rehabilitation of pavements. The application of carbon fibers in Bosnia and Herzegovina is squeezed to relatively limited number of cases. Keywords: Carbon bers, Carboplate sheets, Tensile forces, Reconstruction 83 �EXPERIENCES IN TESTING OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO BAS EN 206:2014 Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Sabina Kozlica Ena Čehić Abstract Concrete structures need to meet requirements of load bearing capacity, but also requirements of serviceability and durability. BAS EN 206:2014 defines the requirements for sampling and testing of concrete, and the final assessment of the conformity and identity of concrete to designed class. This paper presents some experiences in concrete quality control conducted during the construction of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Bihac according to the newest BAS EN 206:2014. The aim of this paper is to exchange experience with professional community in concrete quality control in line with this newest standard. Keywords: Concrete Compressive Strength, Waste Water Treatment Plant, Concrete Quality Control, Testing 84 �CONCRETE CONSISTENCY TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO EN 206:2014 Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Sabina Kozlica Ena Čehić Abstract Workability of fresh concrete mix or possibility of work with concrete is very important during construction. Concrete elements have different shapes and dimensions of cross-sections, schedules of reinforcement, while concrete is installed in different ways and using different means for casting and compacting. In this sense, it is necessary to specify the correct consistency class of concrete. The goal of this paper is to present the experience of the consistency testing of concrete, using slump and flow test according to BAS EN 206:2014 during construction of the Waste Water Treatment Plant in Bihac (WWTP). Keywords: Concrete, Consistency of Concrete; Testing, Waste Water Treatment Plant in Bihac 85 �INSULATION MATERIALS – REACTION TO FIRE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Abstract There is a relatively wide variety of thermal insulation materials in the market for the building construction. Most recently, traditional insulating materials such as sheep wool and baled straw for the construction of "green buildings" regain their importance. However, in the conventional construction practice, almost 90% of the application of insulating materials are stone and glass wool, expanded and extruded polystyrene and polyurethanes. The purpose of this paper is to address aspects of the reaction to fire, and fire behavior of these materials, as well as environmental aspects and impacts on public health, which could contribute to the raising awareness of designers and the general public to take into consideration the parameters listed in this paper during selection process of the most appropriate insulating material for actual building or specific application. Keywords: Insulation materials, Reaction to fire, European Classifications 86 �FIRE RESISTANCE OF THE STRAW BALE WALLS Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Straw as construction material deserves considerable attention as a natural, energy and environmentally sustainable material in the modern period of building sustainable creation. Straw bales meet the requirements of sustainable architecture, but different researches have also shown satisfying specific significant level of certain mechanical characteristics. In this paper, fire resistance of loadbearing and non-loadbearing plastered and un-plastered walls made of baled straw, or wall panels with insulation of baled straw was considered. Fire resistance tests of the straw baled walls are relatively rare in the world and performed in accordance with different standards. Practically, almost all findings of such tests show a surprisingly encouraging results. Keywords: Straw Bales, Walls, Fire Protection 87 �EARLY MUSEUMS AS SYMBOL OF NATIONAL IDENTITY Lejla Odobašić Novo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.odobasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper traces the role of the museum as a tool in the formation of national identity, in Bavarian kingdom, during the late eighteen and early nineteenth centuries. The importance of the museums in Berlin and Munich, built under the rule of Ludwig I, is that they helped to forge the new museum typology that were applied to other European cities with the same intent. The paper examines three museums from Munich and Berlin: The Altes Museum, the Glyptothek and the Alte Pinakothek. It seeks to establish the relationship between the content or the collection and the container or the building itself as well as the expression of this phenomena into the architectural language. Keywords: Museum, Collective Identity, Civic Architecture, Nationalism, Cultural Buildings 88 �CROSSING SITELINES / TRAGUARDARE L’ADRIATICO (BOOK CHAPTER) Lejla Odobašić Novo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.odobasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract l numero 35 della collana Re-Cycle ITALY — Nuovi cicli di vita per architetture e infrastrutture di città e paesaggio — contiene la ricerca di una delle componenti dell’unità di Pescara – Università G. d’Annunzio - (coordinatore Francesco Garofalo). Il lavoro nasce da una serie di sguardi incrociati attraverso l’Adriatico che, a partire da Pescara, ha traguardato verso molte città dell’Euro–Regione Adriatica e dei Balcani (Rijeka, Zagabria, Belgrado, Spalato, Durazzo, e Sarajevo).Con il contributo di colleghi e ricercatori delle diverse città, il lavoro ha affrontato letture e interpretazioni dei contesti e definito processi e strategie di ri–generazione e riciclo urbano, all’interno di una aggiornata visione geourbanistica dell’intera regione che veda nella cultura e nella forza delle idee gli strumenti principali per creare ponti e stabilire connessioni e nel rapporto tra geografia, urbanistica e architettura la sua possibile nuova matrice identitaria. 89 �ARS AEVI: LA CULTURA COME ARMA Lejla Odobašić Novo International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.odobasic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Conceived during the siege of Sarajevo, with the city under bombardment, Ars Aevi contemporary art museum is the outcome of an extraordinary story. By involving the world’s most important artists, it became the emblem of the city’s cultural resistance and the will to foster multicultural values. 90 �APPLICATION OF THE MONITORING TOOLS FOR UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Omar Kapetanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina omar.kapetanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Projects aimed to improve education systems, especially at universities, are the best way to create the better future, but examples until recently showed that such projects were usually too slow in implementation and sometimes avoided. Recently, universities have become aware that trends and needs are changing almost on daily basis and that improvement of the system once in a few years is not sufficient, rather the improvement is continuous process. In that regard, departments’ management should become more open to such improvements. Opening of the universities to more improvements brought number of issues regarding what exactly and how improvements should be implemented. Decision making in such project implementation should be made based upon clear evidences and trends. This paper assesses and focuses to the application of monitoring and evaluation tools in project management for tracking development of university department of architecture and will propose a set of activities and performance indicators in support to implementation of strategic objectives believed to contribute to better education process. In addition, the paper suggests how and which results in each phase of the project implementation should be monitored as a basis for assessment of the project goals in improvement of organizational effectiveness and efficiency, curriculum development, staffing, students participation, including stakeholders engagement, recognition of the department and market validation, taking quantitative, qualitative and psychological aspects into consideration. Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Department of Architecture, Education System 91 �COMPARISON OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND GANTT CHART APPROACH IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Omar Kapetanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina omar.kapetanovic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Bračković International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarina Sabotić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Gantt charts are commonly used in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a planning basis for the construction of engineering and architectural structures. Although very simple and transparent in everyday use, they have a range of shortcomings. The main disadvantage of a Gantt chart is lack of interdependence between individual activities. Interdependence is established subjectively, based upon empirical experience of planners or project managers. Therefore, it is difficult to perform correct managerial decisions, which ultimately leads to serious of problems in the implementation of the project, construction delays, and even waste of resources, including suffering of contractual penalties. Critical path analysis establishes dependencies between activities in the implementation of the project, which leads to a sequence of activities on the critical path, as well as the identification of activities that can have a float in project implementation. Based on this technique, it is possible to make appropriate managerial decisions and intervene in a technically and managerial correct manner, based on the performance data. This paper and the conclusions of the analysis on four case studies will justify the application of the critical path analysis versus Gantt chart planning in project management. Keywords: Planning, Gantt chart, Critical Path Analysis, Project Management 92 �USER – BASED APPROACH IN THE PLANNING AND CONFIGURATION OF LIVING SPACES Adnan Novalić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.novalic@ibu.edu.ba Emina Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.zejnilovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract In the contemporary world the lack of living spaces — environments of dormitory facilities and proper accommodation for students is more than evident. Worldwide migrations of university students is triggering a huge market that is offering various opportunities of accommodations, and it is more than often that the offered accommodation is not satisfying the living requirements of students as individuals, which is directly influencing their success in educational process. One of potential reasons for unsuccessful accommodation condition lies in the fact that in most of the countries the dormitory facilities are not the buildings originally designed with the function of dormitories, but they are adaptation of the buildings that were constructed with other primary functions and purposes. Another reason might be hidden in the sorrow reality that architects in the planning and configuration approach might be making some intentional (omissions that are justified by market demands) an unintentional mistakes that are based on the lack of knowledge and understanding of the way of living of students, and their priorities and living requirements. In this study the aim is to determine the significance of user based approach in the process of configuration of living spaces in the case of dormitory facilities and priorities among the principles that are adding the essential meaning of living environment for students in the frame of dormitory facilities and it has been done through evaluation of several examples of dormitories of contemporary world, as well as through the revision of standards and principles related to planning and configuration of living spaces of dormitory facilities. Keywords: Dormitory, Privacy, Habituation, Belongingness, Motivational needs, Basic needs 93 �A REVIEW ON SHEARING OF SINGLE LIVING SPACE IN RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE Adnan Novalić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adnan.novalic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This paper traces the rules that are governing the use of living spaces in the cases when two or more users — inhabitants are reduced to share the space and live together. As such, this research is aims to present the minimum living requirements of one human individual — user that are supposed to be satisfied within the process of planning of configuration of spaces that are expected to accommodate the users and to expose the principles and rules that should be followed through the process of architectural planning and design. This research is based on observations made within the qualitative analysis method, in the frame of which the selected examples and illustrations will be evaluated and properly compared according to the standards and architectural planning principles related to the rules of configuration of living spaces. This study gives the better insight into the principles of configuration of living spaces that are planned to govern the shearing of one living space and evaluates the 'minimums' that are required to be satisfied for each individual — for each user / inhabitant. Complete focus of this research is based on the functional organization of single room for teenage children within the residential complexes and dormitory facilities, and through this review it is aimed to follow the possible traces of simplified understandings of the relations between users (as individuals), actions — functions, and living space. Keywords: Living space, Shearing, Areas of Activities, Individual areas, Basic needs 94 �THE ENVIRONMENTAL AESTHETICS OF SARAJEVO: A CITY SHAPED BY MEMORY Emina Zejnilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina emina.zejnilovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Husukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina erna.husukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This article discusses aesthetic singularity in present-day Sarajevo and shows how time generates a social response to the visual quality of space. Acknowledging the meta-morphosis of the cityscape with regard to the identity reformulation of postwar Sarajevo. it examines the sensor engagement of people with the urban environment in relationship to the traumatic events and shifting realities imposed by globalisation. The hypothesis is that the environmental aesthetics of post-war a in are defined by the traumatic memory of physical and social destruction. This article offers insight within a broad range of theoretical discussions on the changes in the visual language and aesthetic quality of urban spaces in post-war Sarajevo. In particular, it presents the notion of urban memory and its role in shaping the aesthetic experience in post-war cities. Finally, the findings show that architectural remnants, or ruins in the urban fabric, instead of being unstable entities, have the potential to become drivers of a continuum. Ultimately, this article accepts the values of incompleteness and opens new perspectives towards playful experimentation, which potentially relieves the aesthetic experience of a rigid and monotonous urban image. Keywords: Aesthetic Experience, Urban Memory, Visual Language of a City, Value of Ruins, Valued Perception 95 �BIO-BASED STUDENT PAVILION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Maja Roso Popovac University Džemal Bijedić Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina Elma Krasny Ognjen Šukalo Venera Vukašinović Abstract Construction sector pollutes the environment the most and it is followed by transportation. Energy resources are depleting and there is a great need for use of renewable energy resources. People spend 80% of their time in their homes. The air quality of these homes is poor due to the chemical and synthetic construction materials use. Most of the construction materials utilized in common construction have small or no recycability potential. This paper presents a project by International Burch University in cooperation with Green Council that aims to propose a solution for some of the challenges listed above. Student Pavilion is a low-energy house built of bio-based, local building materials that provide healthy air quality for its inhabitants, pleasant and spiritually uplifting environment to live in. Furthermore, since they are natural, these materials are almost 100% degradable. Student Pavilion is being constructed in Sarajevo, on International Burch University campus and it consists of wooden frame structure, strawbale walls with natural plastering, reused windows and doors, straw-bale floor and roof insulation and green roof. Wool insulation is also used on the roof and portion of the wall. First construction phase of Student Pavilion was completed in September of 2016 through summer school when 15 students together with the experts and professors participated. The goal of this summer school was to educate the students bio-based, sustainable building techniques. The plan is to complete the construction of this house in summer of 2017. This house will serve as a laboratory for future research. This is why the sensors will be placed in this house that measure temperature and humidity of different wall configurations as well as CO2 levels in the house. Thermal imaging and air tightness tests will be conducted. The plan is to conduct long-term measurements with the first ones to be published after a year of construction. 96 �PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIALS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE-BRICK HOUSE Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Azra Korjenic Technische Universität Wien Austria Elma Krasny Abstract In order to reduce the amount of energy being spent in the construction industry and to achieve the EU Climate and Energy Package goals by 2020, new ways of constructing houses are required. This research proposes construction of bio-based nearly zero energy or passive houses as one solution. For this research paper, typical house construction methods in the Balkan region are analysed and compared to current Austrian house construction methods (in particular, straw bale house built to passive house standards), since Austria is now one of the leading countries in Europe when it comes to offering smart and eco-friendly construction methods. This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the environmental performance of straw bale house in the Balkan region, develop the mainstream acceptance and use of straw as a construction material by proving that, such home is not only healthier for the environment, but also economically justifiable to construct than concrete-brick homes usually built in this region of the world. This is done via energy analysis in both BIM and Baubook software, construction cost calculation and comparison of two different house types virtually placed in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a representative country of Balkan region: • Type 1: bio-based house: Stone with lime foundations, wooden bearing structure, straw bale walls, no traditional heating and air conditioning, green roof, etc. House is designed to passive house standard. • Type 2: concrete house: Type 1 geometry, but different building materials (reinforced concrete structure with brick walls, Styrofoam insulation). It will be determined if this house complies with EU Standards in regards to energy efficiency. This research proves that bio-based house is in compliance with Passive House Standards, more energy efficient and affordable to construct and maintain. Keywords Bio-based house, nearly zero energy house, passive house, straw bale, energy analysis, BIM, Baubook. 97 �ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE HOUSE Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Azra Korjenic Technische Universität Wien Austria Elma Krasny Abstract In order to reduce the amount of energy being spent in the construction industry and to achieve the EU Climate and Energy Package goals by 2020, new ways of constructing houses is required. This research proposes construction of bio-based nearly zero energy or passive houses as one solution.Typical house construction methods in the Balkan region are analysed and compared to current Austrian house construction methods (in particular straw bale house built to passive house standards), since Austria is now one of the leading countries in Europe when it comes to offering smart and eco-friendly construction methods. This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the environmental performance of straw bale house in the Balkan region, develop the mainstream acceptance and use of straw as a construction material by proving that, such home is not only healthier for the environment, but also economically justifiable to construct than concrete/brick homes usually built in this region of the world. This is done via energy analysis in both BIM and Baubook software and construction cost calculation and comparison of two different house types virtually placed in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a representative country of Balkan region. Type 1 is bio-based house, while Type 2 is concrete house of similar geometry. During the analysis, it was discovered that Type 1 house is in compliance with passive house standards, while Type 2 isn't. Furthermore, energy use intensity according to BIM analysis for Type 1 is half of the value of the Type 2 house. Peak heating load for Type 2 house is much larger than for the Type 1 house. Global warming potential of Type 1 house is negative, which means that bio-based materials absorb CO2 during its life. Global warming potential for Type 2 is 435.02 kgCO2/m2. In addition to this, it costs slightly less to construct Type 1 house than Type 2 house. Therefore, this paper proves that Type 1 – Bio-based house is cheaper to construct and more energy efficient than Type 2 – Concrete house that is typically being constructed in the Balkan region. Keywords: Bio-based house, Concrete house, Environmental impact, Cost, BIM, Energy analysis 98 �LOCAL, TRADITIONAL, NATURAL MATERIALS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE Sanela Klarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanela.klaric@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Joining the European Union is a strategic priority of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The energy efficiency sector is sector which is discussed a lot and which brings together a large number of stakeholders, but unfortunately it is currently characterized by a great lack of connection, unsustainability and superficiality. Bos-nia and Herzegovina is a country with a rich tradition of construction with local and natural materials. There are many examples of preserved traditional buildings, live old crafts, as well as the enormous potential of natural resources which all together open up possibilities char-actersitic only for few countries in Europe. Analyses indicate rich forest resources, richness in high-quality wood materials, tradition in the processing and manufacturing of wood. The existing infrastructure does not require large investments, but it requires a clear vision and financial development support. Besides the tradition and potential in the wood industry, great potential of the textile industry is recognized-industry which traditionally has also been well-developed and stable, which today can serve as a strong basis for the adjustment of clean technologies for production of insulation panels from sheep's wool, as well as from recycled textiles and other materials. In addition to sheep's wool, B&H also has the potential in other materials such as straw, clay and lime managed in the sector of agriculture and rural development. It was noted that current activities in the field of energy efficiency are focused primarily on the first part of the energy efficiency definition which refers to the use of less energy, while a very important element of this definition is being ignored, element that reffers to the care of life quality improvement. Solving optimal ventilation and recuperation system, as well as concern about the use of non-toxic materials, must also be a priority for future energy efficiency projects in B&H. Exactly Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the energy performance of buildings, which introduced the categories of primary energy and CO2 emissions in the process of certification , becomes a Directive that should be also the goal for us in B&H. The energy efficiency sector can provide an opportunity for creating a wide range of new jobs in B&H. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Energy Efficiency, Local Natural Resources, Interdisciplinary Coordination, CO 2, Green Jobs 99 �APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN Layla Abdel-Ilah International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Elma Veljović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) studies are important in silico methods in rational drug design. The aim of this methods are to optimize the existing leads in order to improve their biological activities and physico-chemical properties. Also, to predict the biological activities of untested and sometimes yet unavailable compounds. This article is a general review of different QSAR/QSPR studies in different previous researches. R2 and Q2 parameters are used in some studies to predict the predictability and robustness of the constructed models. In all mentioned articles QSAR study were good prediction tool for investigation drug activity or binding mode on specific receptors. Keywords: Drug design, QSAR, QSPR, Molecular Descriptor, Coefficient of Determination R2, Squared Correlation Coefficient Q2. 100 �GENOTYPE ASSOCIATION WITH SPORT ACTIVITY: THE IMPACT OF ACE AND ACTN3 GENE POLYMORPHISM ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Enisa Omanović Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Alem Šečerović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of genes that have an impact on athletic performance. In recent years, there is a visible progress in molecular biology techniques, which facilitate researches in the field of genetics related to the sport performance. The paper focuses on 2 genes which are most intensively studied in relation to the athletic ability – angiotensine I-converting enzyme (ACE) and alpha-actinin 3 (ACTN3). There are shown results from many researches, and they indicate that genetic factors have effect on sports performance, but also impact of training and environment is important. With new approaches, new polymorphisms are discovered, so research of this area of genetics is still in progress. Keywords: Athletic Performance; Genetics; Polymorphism; Genotype; Endurance; Strength; ACE; ACTN3. 101 �TESTING OF ANESTHESIA MACHINES AND DEFIBRILLATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract To improve the quality of patient treatment by improving the functionality of medical devices in healthcare institutions. To present the results of the safety and performance inspection of patientrelevant output parameters of anesthesia machines and defibrillators defined by legal metrology. This study covered 130 anesthesia machines and 161 defibrillators used in public and private healthcare institutions, during a period of two years. Testing procedures were carried out according to international standards and legal metrology legislative procedures in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results show that in 13.84% of tested anesthesia machine and 14.91% of defibrillators device performance is not in accordance with requirements and should either have its results be verified, or the device removed from use or scheduled for corrective maintenance. Research emphasizes importance of independent safety and performance inspections, and gives recommendations for the frequency of inspection based on measurements. Results offer implications for adequacy of preventive and corrective maintenance performed in healthcare institutions. Based on collected data, the first digital electronical database of anesthesia machines and defibrillators used in healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina is created. This database is a useful tool for tracking each device's performance over time. Keywords: Anesthesia machine; Clinical engineering; Defibrillator; Inspection; Safety 102 �THE INFLUENCE OF ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) ON CANCER CELLS AND ITS ROLE IN THE CANCER TREATMENT Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Enisa Omanović Mikličanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Almedina Kozić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The hormone erythropoietin (EPO) is essential for the survival, proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocytic progenitors. The EPO receptor (EPO-R) of erythrocytic cells belongs to the cytokine class I receptor family and signals through various protein kinases and STAT transcription factors. The EPO-R is also expressed in many organs outside the bone marrow, suggesting that EPO is a pleiotropic antiapoptotic factor. The controversial issue as to whether the EPO-R is functional in tumor tissue is critically reviewed. Importantly, most studies of EPO-R detection in tumor tissue have provided falsely positive results because of the lack of EPO-R specific antibodies. However, endogenous EPO appears to be necessary to maintain the viability of endothelial cells and to promote tumor angiogenesis. This review paper reviews EPO use in cancer patients and its management of anemia. While the findings promise beneficial effects of endogenous EPO and its therapeutic analogues as tissue-protective factors, for example in ischemic and degenerative heart and brain diseases, fear has also arisen that EPO may promote tumor cell survival and stimulate tumor growth. If the cancer patient is being treated with curative intent, the use of ESAs should be avoided. If the treatment plan is more conservative or palliative, ESA should be considered for anemia treatment, but the treatment should be controlled. Keywords: Erythropoietin (EPO); Proliferation; Tumor Tissue; Tumor Angiogenesis. 103 �METHODS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT CELLS USING DIFFERENT STORAGE MEDIA Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Sabina Halilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Ahmed Osmanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents a review of different storage media and their efficiency in retaining periodontal ligament (PDL) cell vitality before replantation. After avulsion of a tooth, immediate replantation is recommended, however this is often not possible. Therefore, storage media that are affordable and readily available are required to avoid resorption and tooth death by preservation of the PDL cells. Numerous studies have been undergone and use of media such as Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), milk, aloevera, coconut water, and et cetera have been trialed. In order to find the storage media that best meets the price/quality ratio, this study compares the length of time that the aforementioned solutions for retaining PDL vitality, their pH and osmolality, and discusses their efficiency in terms of other in vitro experiments. The media that are compared in this study are Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), milk, aloevera, coconut water, egg albumin, and contact lens solution. Results provide that HBSS and coconut water have the longest retention time, however milk, aloevera and egg albumin are also effective for shorter periods of time. Keywords: Periodontal ligament cells, Avulsion, Resorption, Storage media, Vitality 104 �ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND DOCKING STUDY IN DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF XANTHENES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Elma Veljović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the efficiency of artificial neural networks and docking studies in prediction of antimicrobial activity for new compounds. For that purpose, two multilayer neural networks with feedforward architecture were developed. Also, docking studies were performed to investigate the hypothetical binding mode of the target compounds. A series of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-9aryl-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-1H-xanthen-1,8(2H)-dione derivatives have been previously synthesized, characterized and evaluated for in vitroantimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans strains. By comparing results of in vitro investigation, new 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-9-(3,5dibromophenyl)-3,4,5,6,7,9-hexahydro-1H-xanthen-1,8(2H)-dione possessed better antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms than previously synthesized derivatives and these results also correlated well with results of docking studies. Keywords: Xanthenes, Artificial neural network, Docking study, Antimicrobial activity, Biological activity prediction, Receptor-ligand binding 105 �CLASSIFICATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS USING IMPLEMENTED EXPERT SYSTEM Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Alma Badnjević-Čengić Maja Malenica Tanja Dujić Adlija Čaušević Tamer Bego Abstract This paper presents the development of an Expert System for the classification of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Two-layer feedforward Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with sigmoid transfer function is used for MetS classification. In accordance with international guidelines NHBL/AHA, classification is performed based on following input parameters: waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose level, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Samples for training of developed Expert System are obtained from 1083 patients at hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Testing of developed system is performed with 300 samples, also acquired from patients in hospitals in B&H by medical professionals. Out of 300 samples, 155 samples were of MetS while the rest was of healthy subjects. Developed Expert System correctly classified 283 MetS samples, therefore the sensitivity of 96% is achieved and specificity is 92,7%. Keywords: Expert System, Metabolic Syndrome, Artificial Neural Network 106 �PRE-CLASSIFICATION PROCESS SYMPTOMQUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC FOR PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST COST REDUCTION Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Leandro Pecchia University of Warwick England Abstract In the past few years, developing of computer-aided systems for disease classification has been investigated more extensively. Medical professionals use these systems as assistance in diagnosis since they perform the diagnosis based on larger, more complex set of new and previously stored information. Those computer-aided systems are equipped with graphical user interface that makes application in everyday situations more convenient. Disease classification in most computer-aided systems is based on expert systems. Beside the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), fuzzy logic (FL) or some other tools are often used for this purpose. This study presents the results of disease pre-classification process and determining the need for conducting respiratory function tests such as spirometry (SPIR), Impulse Oscillometry (IOS), or Body plethysmography and running the Fuzzy Logic – Artificial Neural Network (FL-ANN) Expert System for classification of respiratory diseases. This pre-classification algorithm optimizes time resources as well as reduces the costs of medical device use needed for testing of patient and costs of medical professional attending the measurement. Questions and symptoms used in preclassification are based on Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines. The pre-classification algorithm is validated on 5000 reports acquired from subjects prospectively enrolled in the Hospital in Sarajevo during the period of 107 �two year and CareFusion Database for the last 10 years. Sensitivity of 97.26% and specificity of 90.74% is achieved. It is shown that saving around 97% on pulmonary functions tests can be achieved by introducing these automated systems in everyday practices. Keywords: Fuzzy logic, Artificial Neural Network, COPD, Asthma, Disease, Classification, Expert System, Artificial intelligence, Decision support system, Computer-aided, Automated classification 108 �CLASSIFICATION OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Dijana Sejdinović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Maja Malenica Tanja Dujić Adlija Čaušević Tamer Bego Lejla Divović Mehmedović Abstract In this paper development of Artificial Neural Network for classification of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is presented. For development of this system 310 samples consisting of information about Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and blood test called HbA1c were used. All samples were obtained from several healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and diagnosis of prediabetes, T2D and healthy patients in this dataset were established by medical professionals. Two-layer feedforward backpropagation network with 15 neurons in hidden layer and sigmoid transfer function, used for classification of prediabetes and T2D in this paper, was trained with 190 samples. Testing of developed neural network was performed with 120 samples for validation also obtained from healthcare 109 �institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Out of 120 samples, developed network was accurate in 94.1% cases for the classification of prediabetes and in 93.3% cases for classification of T2D. Keywords: Prediabetes, Diabetes type 2, Fasting Plasma Glucose, HbA1c, Classification, Artificial Neural Network, Pattern Recognition 110 �TESTING OF INFUSION PUMPS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Zijad Džemić Abstract This paper presents the results of safety and performance inspection conducted on 325 infusion pumps in the period from January 2015 to January 2016 in public and private healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Electrical safety inspection was conducted according to IEC 60601 - Medical electrical equipment: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance of medical devices. Periodical performance inspections were conducted according to legal metrology framework, more specifically according to Rules on metrological and technical requirements for infusion pumps, published in Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) No. 75/14. Our results show that approximately 9% of all tested infusion pumps do not meet electrical safety requirements or have performance outside the specifications. The causes of such faulty performance are environmental conditions, long period of usage of devices, faulty motors and device casing, as well as lack of systematic maintenance and regular safety and performance inspections in previous period. This paper addresses the importance of periodical performance inspections of these medical devices. Keywords: Infusion pumps, Performance, Inspection, Safety, Clinical engineering, Medical device 111 �TESTING OF DIALYSIS MACHINES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Zijad Džemić Abstract This paper presents the results of electrical safety and performance inspection of 500 dialysis machines conducted in public healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. All measurements were made by independent laboratory for inspection of medical devices appointed by National Metrology Institute of Bosnia and Herzegovina in accordance with national rules published in Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 75/14. The results show that 12.6% of inspected devices do not meet electrical safety requirements or have performance outside the specifications. Specifically, 2% of tested devices did not pass the safety inspection in accordance with IEC 60601. Additionally, 11.32% of devices from this group had performance that was not in accordance to device specifications although malfunction was not reported. These results help to develop awareness among patients and medical personnel about safety and accuracy of devices used in treatment of disease as well as set the ground for planning the upgrade in dialysis departments in the healthcare institutions. Keywords: Dialysis machine, Performance, Inspection, Safety, Clinical engineering Medical device 112 �MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Berina Alić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract This paper presents the overview of machine learning techniques in classification of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Bayesian Networks (BNs). The comparative analysis was performed on selected papers that are published in the period from 2008 to 2017. The most commonly used type of ANN in selected papers is multilayer feedforward neural network with Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm. On the other hand, the most commonly used type of BN is Na'ive Bayesian network which shown the highest accuracy values for classification of diabetes and CVD, 99.51% and 97.92% retrospectively. Moreover, the calculation of mean accuracy of observed networks has shown better results using ANN, which indicates that higher possibility to obtain more accurate results in diabetes and/or CVD classification is when it is applied to ANN. Keywords: Machine Learning, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Disease, Artificial Neural Network, Bayesian Network 113 �PROPOSAL OF THE MONITORING AND EVALUATION APPROACH FOR COMMUNITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS Sanin Džidić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina sanin.dzidic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Bračković International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Local governments in Bosnia and Herzegovina do not have clearly defined objective requirements or prescribed method for monitoring and evaluation of local public infrastructure projects. Decision making process in selection of infrastructure projects to be implemented is usually based upon an ad hoc basis or is driven by specific interest of different groups. However, effects on citizens’ life quality of implemented projects are unknown, except clearly and obviously visible benefits, without any support in objective evaluation or analyses. This paper attempts to increase the awareness of necessity to introduce monitoring and evaluation principles in implementation of the infrastructure projects financed by public funds and shows that application of monitoring and evaluation principles is feasible and necessary for the implementation of such type of projects for their objective validation for achievements and results, as well as project selection, performance based decision making and project management issues. Using combination of tools, selection of quantitative and qualitative performance indicators, cross referenced by public opinion survey results, it is feasible to create an optimal monitoring and evaluation framework for monitoring of effects of implementation of any public infrastructure project. Such approach make the project implementer responsible, accountable, goal oriented and objective performance based decision maker. It also ensures maximization of results to be achieved by project implementation towards high expectations that have been earlier set up through analytical process. Such framework also assists in justification of project proposals to be implemented in initial stage to public and stakeholders, but also in evaluation of benefits and results after project completion and years to come. Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Local Public Infrastructure, Local Public Facilities, City Planning 114 �PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Β‐GLUCOSIDASE FROM BRASSICA OLERACEA Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Imer Muhović Abstract β-Glucosidase was purified from Brassica oleracea by salting out with ammonium sulfate and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Results demonstrated that the enzyme is a dimer (130 kD) made up of one major (80 kD) and one minor subunit (50 kD). The pH optimum is 6.0, with 50% of the enzyme's original activity remaining between pH 4.0 and pH 7.0. The temperature optimum is 35C, and activity did not decrease after two hours of exposure to this temperature. The activity of the enzyme was investigated on four substrates, 4-Nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG), ortho-Nitrophenyl-βD-glucopyranoside (o-NPG), para-Nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside (p-NPGal) and ortho-Nitrophenyl-β-Dgalactoside (o-NPGal), and km values were shown to be 0.755 mM, 0.174 mM, 0.988 mM and 0.213 mM, while Vmax values were 604 U/mg, 38 U/mg, 556 U/mg and 308 U/mg, respectively. The enzyme is completely inhibited by gluconolactone and glucose against p-NPG as substrate, with ki values of 0.038 mM and 0.64 mM, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating purification and characterization of β-glucosidase from broccoli, thus providing a better understanding of its role in the plant, and establishing a basis for further research. 115 �META-ANALYSIS OF DEPLETED URANIUM LEVELS IN THE BALKAN REGION Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Imer Muhović Abstract In recent years, contradicting data has been published on the connection between the presence of depleted uranium and an increased cancer incidence among military personnel deployed in the Balkans during the 1992-1999 wars. This has led to numerous research articles investigating possible depleted uranium contamination of the afflicted regions of the Balkan Peninsula, namely Bosnia & Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo and Montenegro. The aim of this study was to collect data from previously published reports investigating the levels of depleted uranium in the Balkans and to present the data in the form of a meta-analysis. This would provide a clear image of the extent of depleted uranium contamination after the Balkan conflict. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that there is a correlation between the levels of depleted uranium and the assumed depleted uranium-related health effects. Our results suggest that the majority of the examined sites contain natural uranium, while the area of Kosovo appears to be most heavily afflicted by depleted uranium pollution, followed by Bosnia & Herzegovina. Furthermore, the results indicate that it is not possible to make a valid correlation between the health effects and depleted uranium-contaminated areas. We therefore suggest a structured collaborative plan of action where long-term monitoring of the residents of depleted uranium-afflicted areas would be performed. In conclusion, while the possibility of depleted uranium toxicity in post-conflict regions appears to exist, there currently exists no definitive proof of such effects, due to insufficient studies of 116 �potentially afflicted populations, in addition to the lack of a common epidemiological approach in the reviewed literature. Keywords: Balkan conflicts, Depleted uranium, Environmental damage, Health effects, Radiation damage, Toxicity 117 �CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF DEPLETED URANIUM: THE EVIDENCE FROM IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The main aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the current state of knowledge on chemical toxicity and radioactivity of depleted uranium (DU) and their effect on living systems and cell lines. This was done by presenting a summary of previous investigations conducted on different mammalian body systems and cell cultures in terms of potential changes caused by either chemical toxicity or radioactivity of DU. In addition, the authors aimed to point out the limitations of those studies and possible future directions. The majority of both in vitro and in vivo studies performed using animal models regarding possible effects caused by acute or chronic DU exposure has been reviewed. Furthermore, exposure time and dose, DU particle solubility, and uranium isotopes as factors affecting the extent of DU effects have 118 �been discussed. Special attention has been dedicated to chromosomal aberrations, DNA damage and DNA breaks, as well as micronuclei formation and epigenetic changes, as DU has recently been considered a possible causative factor of all these processes. Therefore, this approach might represent a novel area of study of DU-related irradiation effects on health. Since different studies offer contradictory results, the main aim of this review is to summarize and briefly discuss previously obtained results in order to identify the current opinion on DU toxicity and radioactivity effects in relation to exposure type and duration, as well as DU properties. Keywords: Chemical toxicity, Depleted uranium, Exposure, Radioactivity, in vivo and in vitro studies 119 �THE EFFECT OF LYSOZYME ON REDUCING BIOFILMS BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA, AND GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS: AN IN VITRO EXAMINATION Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Amra Ramović State University of Novi Pazar Serbia Dženita Šeljmo Jasna Hukić Abstract Two basic questions about lysozyme activities on the selected microorganisms were investigated, namely whether lysozyme inhibits biofilm production and which concentrations of the enzyme have the ability to change the natural biofilm producing capacity of different strains of Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin sensitive and resistant), Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Gardnerella vaginalis. The effect of lysozyme on biofilm formation capacities of 16 strains of selected 120 �microorganisms was investigated, whereby four testing replicates have been performed in vitro using the Test Tube method, and the potential of lysozyme to change biofilm forming capacities depending on its concentration, species, and strains of microorganisms is demonstrated. A lysozyme concentration of 30 μg/ml indicated to have the highest inhibiting effect on all tested microorganisms. Furthermore, G. vaginalis was the most sensitive of them all, as its biofilm formation was inhibited in the presence of as low as 2.5 μg/ml of lysozyme. At enzyme concentrations of 7.5-50 μg/ml (with the exception of 30 μg/ml) the biofilm forming capacities of P. aeruginosa were enhanced. Depending on the strain of P. aeruginosa, the total biofilm quantity was either reduced or unaffected at lysozyme concentrations of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 30 μg/ml. In contrast, lysozyme concentrations below 15 or 20 μg/ml did not affect or increase the volume of biofilm formation, while higher concentrations (15, 20, 25 μg/ml) reduced biofilm formation by 50% (3/6) and 30 μg/ml of biofilm reduced biofilm forming capacity of S. aureus by 100% (6/6). The results of this study are a strong foundation for further research on lysozyme as a modulator of the biofilm forming capacity of different species with the potential to aid in the development of new drugs for the treatment of oral and vaginal infections. Keywords: Antibacterial Agents, Antimicrobial Resistance, Biofilm, Lysozyme 121 �A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Ibrišimović University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology Bosnia and Herzegovina Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović Abstract According to many studies today the biofilms play a crucial role in the clinical setting and are the cause of many difficult to treat and reoccuring infections. Recently their role in urinary tract infections (UTIs) is becoming very significant as they are known to cause relapses and reoccuring infections especially in patients with indwelling medical devices. Up to today many biofilm testing methodologies have been suggested, however, all of them have certain drawbacks and routine testing of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of infection is not conducted. In our study we developed a novel spectrophotometric assay for the evaluation of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of UTIs and tested it on 120 urine samples isolated from two medical centars in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of the novel spectrophotometric assay were then compared to the results obtained by the tissue culture plate method which was used as a referee. Based on statistical data the sensitivity and specificity of the novel spectrophotometric assay was evaluated to be 95% which is adequate for the use in standard clinical microbiology laboratories for the determination of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of UTI. 122 �HETEROLEPTIC RUTHENIUM BIOFLAVONOID COMPLEXES: FROM SYNTHESIS TO IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Zahirović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Emira Kahrović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Marina Cindrić University of Zagreb Croatia Sandra Kraljević Pavelić University of Rijeka Croatia Anja Harej University of Rijeka Croatia Emir Turkušić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Heteroleptic ruthenium(II) bioflavonoid complexes of quercetin, morin, chrysin, and 3-hydroxyflavone were prepared and their interaction with CT DNA and BSA along with antioxidant and in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities was investigated. The formulation and characterization of complexes were achieved through elemental and thermal analysis, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR spectroscopy along with infrared, electronic absorption, and emission spectroscopy as well as square-wave voltammetry, and 123 �magnetic and conductivity measurements. Ruthenium(II) is octahedrally coordinated in cationic complex species to two bidentate diimine ligands (2,2′-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline) and one bidentate monobasic flavonoid ligand through 3,4-site of quercetin, morin, and 3-hydroxyflavone or 4,5-site of chrysin. Complexes bind CT DNA by intercalation and binding constants comparable to ethidium bromide or 10 times higher. Binding constants of complexes to BSA were several times higher compared to ibuprofen and diazepam, and suggest that the complexes have a strong affinity to BSA. Antioxidant activity tests showed that the complexes are more potent in terms of radical inhibition compared to the parent flavonoids. Cytotoxic testing revealed that the Ru(II) complex of quercetin with 2,2′-bipyridine co-ligand has good selectivity to breast adenocarcinoma, while the complex of 3hydroxyflavone with 2,2′-bipyridine co-ligand showed strong cytotoxicity toward all tested cell lines with IC50 ∼ 1 μM. All complexes showed moderate activity toward Acinetobacter baumannii, while the Ru(II) complex of 3-hydroxyflavone with 2,2′-bipyridine showed excellent activity toward MRSA and Candida albicans. Keywords: Ruthenium, Flavonoid, Biomolecules, Anticancer, Antimicrobial 124 �T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN A CLINICAL COURSE OF CHICKENPOX Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Rusmir Baljić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Hadžan Konjo Dženana Hrustemović Belma Gazibera Amela Katica Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible prognostic values of CD4+, CD8+ T-lymphocytes, CD4/CD8 ratio to clinical course of chickenpox in immunocompetent hosts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a prospective study which included 69 immunocompetent patients with chickenpox who were addmited to Clinic for infectious disease, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, in a 18 month period. All patients were divided into two groups depending on clinical presentation on admission. Patients with mild clinical form were dedicated to "outpatient" group, and patients with moderate, severe or life-threatening clinical forms were dedicated to "hospitalized" group. Also 30 healthy volunteers are included in study as a control group. We analyzed values of CD4+, CD8+ percentage, CD4/CD8 ratio with comparison to clinical course of chickenpox. All specimens were taken in acute phase of illness. 125 �RESULTS: Values of CD4+ percentage were significantly declined in a group of hospitalized patients, compared to group of outpatients and control group. Values of CD8+ percentage were higher in a group of hospitalized patients, while CD4/CD8 values were lower in comparison to a group of outpatients and control group. CONCLUSION: We found significant correlation between these parameters and clinical course of chickenpox. Keywords: Chickenpox; T-lymphocyte; prognostic factors 126 �A FUZZY MODEL TO PREDICT RISK OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Günay Karlı International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina gunay.karli@ibu.edu.ba Hasan Emin Balkaya International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Mirza Ibrišimović University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections and account for a significant part of the workload in clinical microbiology laboratories. Hence, urine is the specimen most frequently submitted for culture. Physicians distinguish UTIs from other diseases that have similar clinical presentations with use of a small number of tests to distinguish bacteriuria. The microbiological examination of urine consists of examining a methylene smear of the urine specimen, a screening test of significant bacteriuria and culture. In the smear one or more bacterial cells per oilimmersion field usually implies that there are 105 or more bacteria per milliliter in the specimen, the number of RBC and WBC is also a very important indicator. In literature, the normal ranges of these variables are differently defined. The analysis of this data could be very simplified using data management systems. Fuzzy logic, in a narrow sense, is a logical system, which is an extension of multivalued logic. The fuzzy logic works on a theory which relates to classes of objects with blurred boundaries in which membership is a matter of degree. This enables fuzzy systems applicable to broad 127 �range of parameters and expected output values in many aspects of science. The aim of this study was to create a fuzzy model, in the MATLAB environment, to aid physicians in interpreting the results of the microscopic urine analysis, considering the number of bacteria, RBC and WBC as well as turbidity of the sample. Keywords: Fuzzy logic, MATLAB, UTI, Microscope Examination of Urine 128 �A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Ibrišimović University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology Bosnia and Herzegovina Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović Abstract According to many studies today the biofilms play a crucial role in the clinical setting and are the cause of many difficult to treat and reoccuring infections. Recently their role in urinary tract infections (UTIs) is becoming very significant as they are known to cause relapses and reoccuring infections especially in patients with indwelling medical devices. Up to today many biofilm testing methodologies have been suggested, however, all of them have certain drawbacks and routine testing of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of infection is not conducted. In our study we developed a novel spectrophotometric assay for the evaluation of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of UTIs and tested it on 120 urine samples isolated from two medical centars in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results of the novel spectrophotometric assay were then compared to the results obtained by the tissue culture plate method which was used as a referee. Based on statistical data the sensitivity and specificity of the novel spectrophotometric assay was evaluated to be 95% which is adequate for the use in standard clinical microbiology laboratories for the determination of the biofilm forming capacity of causative agents of UTI. 129 �RECOGNIZING THE POSSIBILITY OF BIOTERRORISM IN THE FACE OF EMERGING AND REEMERGING ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA DURING THE WAR (1992-1995) Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Sead Ahmetagić University Clinical Centre Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Nijaz Tihić University Clinical Centre Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Nermina Mehinović Institute for Biomedical Diagnostic and Research Bosnia and Herzegovina Denijal Tulumović University Clinical Centre Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Mirza Ponjavić Institute for Biomedical Diagnostic and Research Bosnia and Herzegovina Paul Heyman Institute for Biomedical Diagnostic and Research Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Tularemia is a vector-borne zoonosis with a complex epidemiology caused by Francisella tularensis. F. tularensis is a non-motile, obligatory aerobic, facultative intracellular Gram-negative coccobacillus. The bacterium has a broad host range, i.e. mammals, birds and invertebrates. Two types (A, B) and four subspecies (F. tularensis subsp. tularensis (type A), F. tularensis subsp. holarctica (type B), F. tularensis 130 �subsp. mediasiatica and F. tularensis subsp. novicida.) are known today. Types A and B are of importance as they cause disease in humans and animals. Type A is present almost exclusively in North America and type B is found all over the Northern hemisphere. F. tularensis is considered to be a class A biological warfare agent, it is notoriously difficult to recognize infections in non-endemic regions and was produced as a weaponized agent by several countries in the 1960ties and 70ties. Humans can acquire tularemia by inhaling dust or aerosols contaminated with F. tularensis bacteria, this type of exposure can result in pneumonic tularemia, one of the most severe forms of the disease. especially farming involving machines that disperse remains of infected animals or carcasses. Rarely, water can become tularemia contaminated through contact with infected animals. Humans who drink contaminated and untreated water may contract oropharyngeal tularemia. The tularemia outbreak in B&H in 1995 showed an unusual number of oropharyngeal cases. As all aspects of this particular tularemia epidemic were not thoroughly investigated and the possible intentional use of agents of biological warfare remained a possibility, we reviewed all available data in order to assess whether the outbreak was natural. 131 �CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CONVENTIONAL KARYOTYPE AND QF-PCR IN DETECTION OF FETAL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Mirza Kozarić Azra Hasić Alma Kozarić Abstract This study aims to compare the advantages of two widely used methods for fetal chromosomal detection, karyotyping and QF-PCR, together with the indications for invasive prenatal diagnosis. We retrospectively investigated 888 amniocenteses analyzed by karyotyping only or karyotyping combined with QF-PCR. We assessed the results of each method and compared them to the indications for prenatal testing including maternal age, fetal ultrasound findings, and serum screening. We found 39 (4.4%) abnormalities, where 59% of those abnormalities were numerical and 41% were structural abnormalities undetectable by QF-PCR methods. Many structural abnormalities do not have clinical significance and we found that 23% of found structural abnormalities were clinically significant but undetectable by QF-PCR (0.3% of all amniocentesis analyzed). Additional 23% of found structural abnormalities were balanced translocations which can have rare clinically significant consequences. In total, 46% of found structural abnormalities had possible clinical consequences, which were undetectable by QF-PCR, or by noninvasive prenatal testing for five common aneuploidies. Thus, QFPCR is a reliable method to detect most common fetal aneuploidies, but karyotyping should be used if any other chromosomal abnormalities are suspected. Even though QF-PCR is a fast and reliable method, physicians should be aware of the limitations of various methodologies for detection of fetal abnormalities and assign the proper method to the indication for amniocentesis. Keywords: Karyotype, QF-PCR, Fetal abnormalities, Trisomy 21 132 �SURVEY OF LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD IN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 AND 4 LABORATORIES Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Laboratory-acquired infections due to a variety of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi have been described over the last century, and laboratory workers are at risk of exposure to these infectious agents. However, reporting laboratory-associated infections has been largely voluntary, and there is no way to determine the real number of people involved or to know the precise risks for workers. In this study, an international survey based on volunteering was conducted in biosafety level 3 and 4 laboratories to determine the number of laboratory-acquired infections and the possible underlying causes of these contaminations. The analysis of the survey reveals that laboratory-acquired infections have been infrequent and even rare in recent years, and human errors represent a very high percentage of the cases. Today, most risks from biological hazards can be reduced through the use of appropriate procedures and techniques, containment devices and facilities, and the training of personnel. 133 �CHARACTERISTICS OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS IN THE WEST BALKANS: A FIRST REPORT Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Monia Avdić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina monia.avdic@ibu.edu.ba Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Borka Tutiš Sanja Jakovac Maja Ostojić Abstract Vancomycin-resistant enterococci are among the major causes of nosocomial infections and represent a growing problem in many European countries. Among the most common enterococcal isolates, Enterococcus faecium is considered to be the reservoir of VanA and VanB-mediated resistance to glycopeptides. Enterococci with VanA-mediated resistance can transfer resistance genes to other enterococci and gram-positive bacteria. Hence, monitoring and surveillance of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VREs) are crucial for the prevention of the spread of glycopeptide resistance. No reports have yet been published that document the resistance rates and typization of VREs in the region of Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as Croatia. In this study, 64 clinical enterococcal strains that were isolated in clinical centers, Mostar, Sarajevo, and Zagreb, were studied and findings regarding characteristics of vancomycin-resistant strains found in the West Balkan region are reported for the first time. All of the strains were identified using conventional phenotypic methods, and the resistance to glycopeptides was determined using the disk diffusion method, Vitek 2, and genotypic Enterococcus 134 �assay. The results of genotyping showed that 40 strains were identified as VREs (30% Enterococcus faecalis and 70% E. faecium), while the sensitivity of the phenotypic methods was 87.5%. Furthermore, VanA and VanB resistance types were found in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, with slightly higher prevalence of the latter (72.5%) over the former (27.5%). 135 �PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Yusuf Turan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina yusuf.turan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Gurkan Dogan 136 �Abstract Analysis of Y-chromosome haplogroup distribution is widely used when investigating geographical clustering of different populations, which is why it plays an important role in population genetics, human migration patterns and even in forensic investigations. Individual determination of these haplogroups is mostly based on the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers located in the non-recombining part of Y-chromosome (NRY). On the other hand, the number of forensic and anthropology studies investigating short tandem repeats on the Y-chromosome (Y-STRs) increases rapidly every year. During the last few years, these markers have been successfully used as haplogroup prediction methods, which is why they have been used in this study. Previously obtained Y-STR haplotypes (23 loci) from 100 unrelated Turkish males recently settled in Sarajevo were used for the determination of haplogroups via 'Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor' software. The Bayesian probability of 90 of the studied haplotypes is greater than 92.2% and ranges from 51.4% to 84.3% for the remaining 10 haplotypes. A distribution of 17 different haplogroups was found, with the Yhaplogroup J2a being most prevalent, having been found in 26% of all the samples, whereas R1b, G2a and R1a were less prevalent, covering a range of 10% to 15% of all the samples. Together, these four haplogroups account for 63% of all Y-chromosomes. Eleven haplogroups (E1b1b, G1, I1, I2a, I2b, J1, J2b, L, Q, R2, and T) range from 2% to 5%, while E1b1a and N are found in 1% of all samples. Obtained results indicate that a large majority of the Turkish paternal line belongs to West Asia, Europe Caucasus, Western Europe, Northeast Europe, Middle East, Russia, Anatolia, and Black Sea Y-chromosome lineages. As the distribution of Y-chromosome haplogroups is consistent with the previously published data for the Turkish population residing in Turkey, it was concluded that the analyzed population could also be recognized as a representative sample of the Turkish population residing in Turkey. 137 �ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES WITHIN A NEW GENERATION OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS-A. BAUMANNII COMPLEX RESISTOTYPES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Aydın Çöl Ishik University Turkey Irma Salimović-Bešić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Amela Dedeić-Ljubović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex (ACB complex) is a nosocomial pathogen. Due to its high ability to develop antibiotic resistance, it has become a problematic challenge in the modern healthcare system. The molecular and genetic mechanisms of gaining multidrug resistance in ACB complex are well known. This study focuses on providing an overview of the antibiotic resistance profiles, genetic similarities and resistotypes, and general characteristics of carbapenem-resistant ACB complex (CRACB) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). In light of the data collected in this study, together with the already known information concerning antibiotic resistance of ACB complex, we intend to further elucidate the antibiotic therapy for CRACB strain resistotypes in BiH. 138 �EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE OF THE MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Irma Salimović-Bešić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Amela Dedeić-Ljubović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Sead Ahmetagić University Clinical Centre Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Nijaz Tihić University Clinical Centre Tuzla Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract A measles outbreak with two epidemic waves involving 4649 probable and laboratory-confirmed cases was recorded in six out of ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina between February 2014 and April 2015.The majority of the patients had never received measles vaccination (3115/4649, 67.00%) and the vaccination status of another 23% was unknown (1066/4649). A total of 281 blood samples were tested serologically. Virus detection was performed using 44 nasopharyngeal swabs. About 57% (161/281) of the laboratory investigated serawere IgM positive and 95% (42/44) of the swabs were RT-PCR positive. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences obtained from 30 swab samples showed circulation of two variants of genotype D8, but no genotype D4 strains as detected in 2007. Similar involvement of all age groups indicates a problem with vaccine refusal due to anti-vaccination activities in addition to gaps in immunization coverage during the war and post-war period (1992-1998). Differences in ethnicity, vaccine coverage, compliance with review policies of vaccination records and potentially also travel habits may partially explain why only six of ten cantons were affected by the 139 �outbreak. The second epidemic wave may in part be due to large-scale migrations due to catastrophic floods in 2014. As a result of the epidemic, 6-12 months old children may now be vaccinated against measles during outbreaks and public health recommendations for interventions have been strengthened. Additional efforts are required to implement the measures throughout the cantons. 140 �DETECTION OF PUUMALA VIRUS IN THE TISSUE OF INFECTED NATURALLY RODENT HOSTS IN THE AREA OF CENTRAL DINARIDES Mirsada Hukić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina mirsada.hukic@ibu.edu.ba Edina Zahirović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Hantaviruses are the causative agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Euroasia and of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the North, Central and South America. HFRS is endemic in the Balkan Peninsula, where sporadic cases or outbreaks have been reported. Puumala virus (PUUV) is the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), a mild form of HFRS. PUUV is carried by the bank voles (Myodes glareolus). In this study, we investigated viral RNA from 76 tissues samples (lung n = 30, heart n = 6, liver n = 18 and kidney n = 22) of infected naturall rodent hosts in the area of Central Dinarides caught in live traps. Puumala virus was extracted from 34,7% (16/46) rodents by nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR. Overall, 18 (21,4%) specimens of internal organs (kidney n = 8, liver n = 6, heart n = 2 and lung n = 2) were positive for PUUV. It was shown a high rodent infestation rate in a relatively low number of rodent and their organs, although mice were not caught during the time of high density population of host rodents. 141 �GENOMIC ANALYSES INFORM ON MIGRATION EVENTS DURING THE PEOPLING OF EURASIA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number of geographically restricted populations , or been targeted at specific diseases, such as cancer. Nevertheless, the availability of high-resolution genomic data has led to the development of new methodologies for inferring population history and refuelled the debate on the mutation rate in humans. Here we present the Estonian Biocentre Human Genome Diversity Panel (EGDP), a dataset of 483 highcoverage human genomes from 148 populations worldwide, including 379 new genomes from 125 populations, which we group into diversity and selection sets. We analyse this dataset to refine estimates of continent-wide patterns of heterozygosity, long- and short-distance gene flow, archaic admixture, and changes in effective population size through time as well as for signals of positive or balancing selection. We find a genetic signature in present-day Papuans that suggests that at least 2% of their genome originates from an early and largely extinct expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) out of Africa. Together with evidence from the western Asian fossil record, and admixture between AMHs and Neanderthals predating the main Eurasian expansion, our results contribute to the mounting evidence for the presence of AMHs out of Africa earlier than 75,000 years ago. 142 �MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF 23 Y-CHROMOSOME SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF TUZLA CANTON Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Jasmina Hindija Čakar Naida Babić Amela Pilav Vesna Hadžiavdić Abstract Background: Tuzla Canton is the most populated region in the ethnically mixed territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose genetic analysis could provide an insight into past demographic events. Aim: Analysis of 23 Y-chromosome STR markers in the population of Tuzla Canton and investigation of the genetic relationship of the male population of the Tuzla Canton and that of the larger Bosnian and Herzegovinian population as well as neighbouring and other European populations. Subjects and methods: The study was conducted among 100 unrelated healthy adult males from Tuzla Canton that have been genotyped using 23 Y-STR loci included in the PowerPlex Y23 kit. Statistical parameters such as haplotype diversity and allele frequencies were calculated, as well as the Rst-based genetic distances between the new dataset and those from Bosnia and Herzegovina and elsewhere, which were then visualised through multidimensional scaling plot and neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree analyses. 143 �Results: PowerPlex Y23 kit has shown high discrimination capacity, as all 100 individuals have unique haplotypes. The newly incorporated loci seem to be highly informative. Population comparison reveals no statistically significant differences between the study population and the general BosnianHerzegovinian population, and between the study population and neighbouring populations. Conclusion: Results could be used as an additional investigation of the genetic relationship between the regional populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina and neighbouring human populations, as well as for further human population and forensic genetics studies. 144 �Y-CHROMOSOMAL HAPLOGROUP DISTRIBUTION IN THE TUZLA CANTON OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: A CONCORDANCE STUDY USING FOUR DIFFERENT IN SILICO ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS BASED ON Y-STR DATA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Cemal Gurkan Naida Babić Vesna Hadžiavdić Ali Göksu Abstract Y-chromosomal haplogroups are sets of ancestrally related paternal lineages, traditionally assigned by the use of Y-chromosomal single nucleotide polymorphism (Y-SNP) markers. An increasingly popular and a less labor-intensive alternative approach has been Y-chromosomal haplogroup assignment based on already available Y-STR data using a variety of different algorithms. In the present study, such in silico haplogroup assignments were made based on 23-loci Y-STR data for 100 unrelated male individuals from the Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) using the following four different algorithms: Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor, Jim Cullen's World Haplogroup & Haplogroup-I Subclade Predictor, Vadim Urasin's YPredictor and the NevGen Y-DNA Haplogroup Predictor. Prior inhouse assessment of these four different algorithms using a previously published dataset (n = 132) from B&H with both Y-STR (12-loci) and Y-SNP data suggested haplogroup misassignment rates between 0.76% and 3.02%. Subsequent analyses with the Tuzla Canton population sample revealed only a few differences in the individual haplogroup assignments when using different algorithms. Nevertheless, the resultant Y-chromosomal haplogroup distribution by each method was very similar, where the most 145 �prevalent haplogroups observed were I, R and E with their sublineages I2a, R1a and E1b1b, respectively, which is also in accordance with the previously published Y-SNP data for the B&H population. In conclusion, results presented herein not only constitute a concordance study on the four most popular haplogroup assignment algorithms, but they also give a deeper insight into the inter-population differentiation in B&H on the basis of Y haplogroups for the first time. 146 �DNA IDENTIFICATION OF COMMINGLED HUMAN REMAINS FROM THE CEMETERY RELOCATED BY FLOODING IN CENTRAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The floods in Bosnia and Herzegovina in May 2014 caused landslides all over the country. In the small village of Šerići, near the town of Zenica, a landslide destroyed the local cemetery, relocated graves, and commingled skeletal remains. As the use of other physical methods of identification (facial recognition, fingerprint analysis, dental analysis, etc.) was not possible, DNA analysis was applied. DNA was isolated from 20 skeletal remains (bone and tooth samples) and six reference samples (blood from living relatives) and amplified using PowerPlex®Fusion and PowerPlex® Y23 kits. DNA profiles were generated for all reference samples and 17 skeletal remains. A statistical analysis (calculation of paternity, maternity, and sibling indexes and matching probabilities) resulted in 10 positive identifications. In this study, 5 individuals were identified based on one reference sample. This has once again demonstrated the significance of DNA analysis in resolving the most complicated cases, such as the identification of commingled human skeletal remains. Keywords: DNA identification, Floods, Forensic science, Landslides, Skeletal remains 147 �Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN THE BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN POPULATION BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Gurkan Dogan Abstract In a study of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian (B&H) population, Y-chromosome marker frequencies for 100 individuals, generated using the PowerPlex Y23 kit, were used to perform Y-chromosome haplogroup assignment via Whit Athey's Haplogroup Predictor. This algorithm determines Y-chromosome haplogroups from Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) data using a Bayesian probability-based approach. The most frequent haplogroup appeared to be I2a, with a prevalence of 49%, followed by R1a and E1b1b, each accounting for 17% of all haplogroups within the population. Remaining haplogroups were J2a (5%), I1 (4%), R1b (4%), J2b (2%), G2a (1%), and N (1%). These results confirm previously published preliminary B&H population data published over 10 years ago, especially the prediction about the B&H population being a part of the Western Balkan area, which served as the Last Glacial Maximum refuge for the Paleolithic human European population. Furthermore, the results corroborate the hypothesis that this area was a significant stopping point on the "Middle East-Europe 148 �highway" during the Neolithic farmer migrations. Finally, since these results are almost completely in accordance with previously published data on B&H and neighboring populations generated by Ychromosome single nucleotide polymorphism analysis, it can be concluded that in silico analysis of YSTRs is a reliable method for approximation of the Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity of an examined population. Keywords: Bosnian-Herzegovinian population, Whit athey's haplogroup predictor, Y chromosome, Y haplogroups, Y-strs 149 �ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF 15 STR LOI IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Amela Pilav Naris Pojskić Anesa Ahatović Mirela Džehverović Jasmina Čakar Abstract Aim To determine newest the most accurate allele frequencies for 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci in the Bosnian and Herzegovinian population, calculate statistical parameters, and compare them with the relevant data for seven neighboring populations. Methods Genomic DNA was obtained from buccal swabs of 1000 unrelated individuals from all regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Genotyping was performed using PowerPlex® 16 System to obtain allele frequencies for 15 polymorphic STR loci including D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX, and FGA. The calculated allele frequencies were also compared with the data from neighboring populations. Results The highest detected value of polymorphism information content (PIC) was detected at the PentaE locus, whereas the lowest value was detected at the TPOX locus. The power of discrimination (PD) values had similar distribution, with Penta E showing the highest PD of 0.9788. While D18S51 had the highest value of power of exclusion (PE), the lowest PE value was detected at the TPOX locus. 150 �Conclusion Upon comparison of Bosnian and Herzegovinian population data with those of seven neighboring populations, the highest allele frequency differentiation was noticed between Bosnian and Herzegovinian and Turkish population at 5 loci, the most informative of which was Penta E. The neighbor-joining dendrogram constructed on the basis of genetic distance showed grouping of Slovenian, Austrian, Hungarian, and Croatian populations. Bosnian and Herzegovinian population was between the mentioned cluster and Serbian population. To determine more accurate distribution of allelic frequencies and forensic parameters, our study included 1000 unrelated individuals from all regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and our findings demonstrated the applicability of these markers in both forensics and future population genetic studies. 151 �AN EXAMINATION OF GROWTH ACCELERATION TRENDS WITHIN A MALE POPULATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BETWEEN THE 19TH AND 21ST CENTURIES Elma Ferić Bojić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina elma.feric@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Rifat Hadžiselimović Elma Mrehić Abstract In a transversal study that was conducted from October 2014 to March 2015, we analysed anthropometric measurements and height of young adults. The study included a cohort of 1010 individuals, 596 females and 416 males, who were born during the war period in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) (1992-1995) and were in an age range of 20-24. The average measured height of females was 167.37±6.00 cm and 182.77±6.57 cm of males. When these data were compared with measurements taken in 1895 of Bosnian soldiers who served in the Austro-Hungarian army (age 20 to 24), whose average height was 172.35 ± 5.54 cm, a difference of t=31.17 was observed (p<0.001). Our data showed that the average height of men born from 1992 to 1995 was 182.77 ± 6.56 cm. Furthermore, additional international comparisons with other European and European-descent nations showed that our studied population was one of the tallest. Based on the aforementioned it can be concluded that anthropometric attributes in BH follow a trend of acceleration, which is of particular significance for this part of the world as this anthropometric acceleration trend was observed in a cohort that was born and raised in sub-optimal conditions of war that lasted from 1992 to 1995. It is, therefore, safe to assume that, despite hardships, living conditions have overall improved over a period of 100 years as an increase in overall body height was observed. 152 �MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a major health problem in South Eastern Europe (SEE). Available treatment options are not efficient enough and the course is often chronic. Little is known about molecular mediators and moderators of pathogenesis and therapy. Genetic and epigenetic variation may be one central molecular mechanism. We therefore established a consortium combining clinical expertise on PTSD from SEE countries Bosnia-Herzegovina (Sarajevo, Tuzla and Mostar), Kosovo (Prishtina) and Croatia (Zagreb) with genetic and epigenetic competence from Germany (Würzburg) in 2011 within the framework of the DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst)-funded Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe. After obtaining ethical votes and performing rater trainings as well as training in DNA extraction from EDTA blood between 2011 and 2013, we recruited 747 individuals who had experienced war-related trauma in the SEE conflicts between 1991 and 1999. 236 participants had current PTSD, 161 lifetime PTSD and 350 did not have and never had PTSD. Demographic and clinical data are currently merged together with genetic and epigenetic data in a single database to allow for a comprehensive analysis of the role of genetic and epigenetic variation in the pathogenesis and therapy of PTSD. Analyses will be done to a great degree by PhD students from participating SEE centers who in addition to participation in the project had an opportunity to take part in spring and summer schools of the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) funded Research Training Group (RTG) 1253 and thus meet PhD students from Germany and other countries We are confident that our project will not only contribute to a better understanding of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of PTSD as a basis for future individualized and personalized therapies, but also to the academic development of South Eastern Europe. 153 �DETECTION OF CYTOSINE AND CPG DENSITY IN PROTO-ONCOGENES AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN PROMOTER SEQUENCES OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Aberrant methylation is one of the driving forces of cancer genome development. Although the rate of methylation appears massively variable across the genome, it is mainly observed in histone modification, chromatin organization, DNA accessibility, or promoter sequence. Methylation of promoter sequence occurs mostly to cytosine nucleotides, which can affect transcription factors' binding affinities. In this study, we demonstrated that cytosine repeats (C types density), consisting of CC, CCC, CCCC, CCCCC, CCCCCC, CCCCCCC motifs and CpG islands density in 25 proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and control genes may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. The promoter sequences were divided into a 100 nucleotide window from -500 to +100 nucleotides and 20 nucleotide window from -100 to +100. Each window is analyzed to find the higher C type and CpG islands density, which may cause the increased methylation in the promoter sequence. Our novel findings show that promoter sequence cytosine repeats and CpG density increase closer to transcription sites, especially just before and after the transcription start site (TSS). The results demonstrate that cytosine density increases while proto-oncogenes and TSG promoter sequences are closer to TSS 50.8% and 41.0% respectively, if (-500 to -200) and (-100 to +100) windows of the nucleotide sequences are compared. This proves that around TSS location has special nucleotide motifs and could be an important implication for our understanding of potential methylating locations in promoters. Keywords: CpG island; Cytosine density; methylation of cytosine locations; nucleic acid structures of promoter sequences 154 �PREVALENCE OF F5 1691G> A, F2 20210G> A, AND MTHFR 677C> T POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The relationship between genetic risk factors of thrombophilia and pregnancy loss (PL) is being discussed. The focus has been on F5 1691G>A, F2 20210G>A, and MTHFR 677C>T polymorphisms that may predispose women to microthrombosis during the stages of embryo implantation and placentation. Although, the frequencies of these polymorphisms were reported in different populations, such studies have not yet been performed in Bosnian population. In this study, we determined the prevalence of F5 G>A (rs6025), F2 G>A (rs1799963) and MTHFR C>T (rs1801133) polymorphisms in Bosnian women. A total of 154 women with PL, mean age 33 (±5.4) years, were enrolled in the study. As a control group, 154 mothers [mean age 31.4 (±6.7) years] with at least one live-born child were included. We used realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the frequencies of F5 G>A and F2 G>A genotypes, and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for analyzing MTHFR C>T genotypes. The frequency of heterozygotes for F5 and F2 was significantly higher in women with venous thrombosis (VT) compared to women without VT (p = 0.047 and p = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the distribution of MTHFR genotypes and alleles between these two groups. In addition, we observed no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies between the group with PL and control group, for all investigated polymorphisms. The allele frequencies for 1691A (F5), 20210A (F2), and 677T (MTHFR) reported in this study are consistent with the data obtained for other European countries, however, we were not able to confirm the association between the three polymorphisms and PL in Bosnian women. 155 �DIVERSITY OF Y-CHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA IVERSITY OF YCHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA MARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN ARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN TWO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA WO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The aim of this preliminary study is to analyze genetic specifi city of Kosovo Albanians comparing with neighboring populations using new genetic tool – MEDISCOPE gene chip, to investigate the feasibility of this approach. We collected 37 DNA samples (9 Croats, 17 Albanians from Croatia and 11 Albanians from Kosovo) from unrelated males born in Croatia and Kosovo. Additionally, samples were expanded with female individuals and mtDNA analysis included a total of 61 samples (15 Croats, 23 Albanians from Croatia and 23 Albanians from Kosovo). This pilot study suggests that the usage of the MEDISCOPE chip could be recognized as an effi cient tool within recognition of the population genetic specifi city even within extremely small sample size. Keywords: Y-chromosome, mtDNA, haplogroup, MEDISCOPE Chip, Albanian, Croatia, Kosovo 156 �CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Senol Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senol.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Nilay Nalcaci Abstract Stress is a part of human life, especially for urban citizens. Stress is inseparable characteristics of student life, especially exam days. Stress management is one of the first steps which can affect students success during the exams, especially in universities. Blood pressure is the first stress observation symptom to understand its level. Therefore, to understand the stress impact of university students during the exam weeks, a conditional experiment has been designed. 200 students were selected from Bosnian and Turkish female and male. The students` blood systolic, diastolic and heart rate were measured to detect the differences between non-exams days and exam days. The blood pressure measurement has been 157 �done 3 times in specific times, non-exam days, midterm and final days. Since non-exam days were taken as stress off days, they were supposed that these days were control data to compare with exam days to see the differences. As a result of the measurements, Bosnian females showed the highest increasing, systolic 13.2%, diastolic 9.3% and heart rate 8.5% during the midterm exam days. The group has been followed by Bosnian males, systolic 6.9%, diastolic 6.1% and heart rate 6.63 increased during the midterm days. Although Turkish students blood pressure and heart rate increased, the values were less than Bosnian students. Moreover, high correlation significance results belonged to Bosnian females and males, 0.722 and 0.698 respectively. Finally, it was concluded that if students have scholarship they have more blood pressure during the exams. While 95% of Bosnian females and 90% of Bosnian males have some scholarship, no Turkish students have scholarship demonstrated the differences between Bosnian and Turkish students blood measurements. Keywords: Blood pressure, Stress, Bosnian females and males, Statistical observations 158 �DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Croatia Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on fuzzy rules. Fuzzy rules are defined according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines, as well as through consultations with longterm experience of pulmologists. Our fuzzy system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, which are inputs to fuzzy system. Additionally, the use of bronchodilatation and bronhoprovocation enabled a complete patient's dynamic assessment rather than a simple static assessment. The system was retroactively tested with 1250 Medical Reports established by pulmologists, out of which 728 were diagnosed with asthma and 522 were healthy subjects. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, on this dataset, which were 91.89% and 95.01%, respectively. 159 �CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Mario Cifrek University of Zagreb Abstract This paper presents a system for classification of asthma based on artificial neural network. A total of 1800 Medical Reports were used for neural network training. The system was subsequently tested through the use of 1250 Medical Reports established by physicians from hospital Sarajevo. Out of the aforementioned Medical Reports, 728 were diagnoses of asthma, while 522 were healthy subjects. Out of the 728 asthmatics, 97.11% were correctly classified, and the healthy subjects were classified with an accuracy of 98.85%. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, as well, which were 97.11% and 98.85%, respectively. Our system for classification of asthma is based on a combination of spirometry (SPIR) and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) test results, whose measurement results were inputs to artificial neural network. Artificial neural network is implemented to obtain both static and dynamic assessment of the patient's respiratory system. 160 �POLYMORPHISMS OF 1691G> A AND 4070A> G FV IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Emir Mahmutbegović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Nevena Mahmutbegović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Grażyna Adler Pomeranian Medical University Poland Ewa Czerska Edin Međedović Anna Pawińska-Matecka Abstract BACKGROUND: The 1691G>A FV polymorphism is considered to be one of the leading genetic risk factors of pregnancy loss (PL). Recently, also other heritable factors of thrombophilia that may predispose to microthrombosis mainly in trophoblast or placenta leading to obstetrical complications attract an attention. In recent studies it was found that 1691G>A and 4070 A>G FV polymorphisms may increase risk of pregnancy loss, and double heterozygosity for 1691G>A and 4070A>G FV conferred a 3- to 4-fold 161 �increase in the relative risk of venous thromboembolism compared with 1691G>A FV alone. Data on prevalence of genetic risk factors of thrombophilia in Bosnia and Herzegovina are rare. AIM: Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of 1691G>A FV (rs6025) and 4070A>G FV (rs1800595) polymorphisms in women with and without pregnancy loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively recruited 308 women in total, particularly 154 women with PL, mean age 33.0 (±5.4) years and 154 controls without PL, at least one liveborn child, mean age 31.4 (±6.7) years. All women were enrolled from Institution of Health Protection of Women and Motherhood (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina). Following DNA isolation from buccal swabs, real-time PCR for 1691G>A FV and PCR-RFLP for 4070A>G FV were done. RESULTS: In woman with PL we identified: 142 GG homozygotes, 12 GA heterozygotes and none AA homozygotes of 1691G>A FV, and 125 AA homozygotes, 27 AG heterozygotes and 2 GG homozygotes of 4070A>G FV, while in controls 142 GG homozygotes, 12 GA heterozygotes and none AA homozygotes of 1691G>A FV and 123 AA homozygotes, 28 AG heterozygotes and 3 GG homozygotes of 4070A>G FV. CONCLUSION: Our results has shown that the prevalence of 1691G>A and 4070A>G FV polymorphisms was similar in women with pregnancy loss and controls. Therefore, it appears that further studies on large-scale population and other genetic variants will be needed to find candidate genes for PL in Bosnian women. 162 �NETWORK ANALYSIS ON Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN WESTERN BALKAN POPULATIONS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Adna Ašić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina adna.asic@ibu.edu.ba Larisa Bešić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina larisa.besic@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Hasan Emin Balkaya International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The region of Western Balkans has been inhabited since the Paleolithic era and was the route of farming from the Middle East to Europe during the Neolithic era (7th millennium BC). In the present study, YSTR data from worldwide populations have been used to construct median-joining networks. The study was performed using Whit Athey’s Haplogroup Predictor, Y Utility and Network 4 software packages to construct networks, perform clustering of closely related Y chromosomes and calculate time estimates between individual nodes. The results of the study imply that geographically close populations cluster together on both worldwide and European level. It was observed that an elevated number of study populations and individual haplogroups increases the possibility that individuals of different racial and ethnic background cluster within the same or neighboring clades of network. An example is the case of the Nigerian population clustering closely with the populations from the Western Balkans. Subsequent 163 �time estimates performed based on the mutation frequency between the ancestral node and its descendant nodes revealed that I2a is the oldest haplogroup in the major area of the Balkan Peninsula (estimated separation time from its ancestral state: 4858 years), followed by haplog-roups E1b1b (4088 years) and R1a (3910 years). This study is based on data collected from a single database and, therefore, gives approximations of the relative time distance between the nodes. Our results are nonethe-less in accordance with previously published papers investigating the frequency of Y haplogroups based on YSNP variant frequencies, indicating that Western Balkan countries are mainly represented by I2a subclade (average for six countries 35.93%), followed by the other two haplogroups (average for six countries 23.16% and 10.62% regarding R1a and E1b1b, respectively). 164 �COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE ISOLATED BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVININA AND SLOVENIAN POPULATIONS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Hadžić-Metjahić, N. Vidović, M. Čakar, J. Džehverović, M. Pilav, A Abstract There are local human communities in Selska Valley which are more or less isolated. In this case, isolation have been influenced mostly by geographic and cultural factors. Therefore, the population of Selska Valley is very suitable for molecular- genetics studies of its population structures. Anthropological studies of Selska Valley are performed in 1993 Vidovic (2005) has analyzed a genetic structure of isolated populations which is based on the distribution of the surnames in this area, using Isonomy method as one of the indirect genetic methods. Fifteen autosomal STR loci have been studied in geographically close, but still isolated, populations of villages located in the valley area. The first goal of this study was to identify the possible differences between the populations from two groups of villages: the lowland villages (Bukovica, Sevlje, Dolenja Vas, Selca, Zelezniki and Zali log) and the mountain villages (Podlonk, Prtovc, Spodnje Danje, Zgornja Sorica and Spodnja Sorica). Even though there have been different isolation levels and openness among these villages, in genetic terms they, especially those in the mountain area, may be considered inland islands. The DNA has been obtained from 86 individuals, and the allele frequencies and genetic diversity have been compared among these 165 �two sample groups. In addition, all of the fifteen STR loci have been used in a comparative population analysis between the Selska Valley and the Bosnian mountain area. Although the sample sizes are relatively small, the observed variation within any of these small isolated populations is high and comparable to less isolated groups. Even though the populations are geographically isolated, the STR data are similar among the populations. Selska Valley and its village populations certainly represents a distinct isolate, and therefore studies of this type could significantly contribute to a better understanding of the populations and isolates in general. 166 �ALLELE FREQUENCIES AND GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR 15 STR LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Čakar, J. Džehverović, M. Pilav, A Pojskić, N. Ahatović, A. Abstract Allele frequencies of the 15 polymorphic STR loci (D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX, FGA) for Bosnian and Herzegovinian population were established and statistical forensic parameters were calculated. In order to expand national population data with allele frequencies and statistical data for fifteen STR loci, 1000 unrelated individuals born in Bosnia and Herzegovina volontarly participate in the study. Qiagen DaeasyTM Tissue Kit was used for DNA extraction from buccal swabs. Genomic DNA amplification was performed using PowerPlex® 16 System which enables amplification and detection of 15 STR and amelogenin. For PCR amplification GeneAmp PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystems) was used. The capillary electrophoresis of amplified products was carried in an ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer while numerical allele designations were determined using GeneMapper®ID software v.3.2. Microsoft Excel workbook template—PowerStats was used for calculating allele frequencies, matching probability (MP), power of discrimination (PD), power of exclusion (PE) and typical paternity index (PI). Powermarker v.3.25 was used for calculation of number of alleles (AN), deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, observed and expected heterozygosity (Ho and He) and polymorphism information content (PIC). Exact test of population differentiation was estimated using Arlequin v.3.5.1.2. After Bonferroni’s correction, statistical significance for deviation from Hardy– Weinberg equilibrium was considered as P<0.01, while for population differentiation test P<0.001. Number of effective alleles (AE) was estimated by 1/∑pi2, 167 �where p is allele frequency for particular locus. Ratio of effective and detected allele numbers and its statistical significance were also calculated. No statistically significant deviation (P>0.05) from HWE was found for analyzed loci, except for D8S1179 locus, which was not significant after applying the Bonferroni’s correction (P>0.01). Heterozygosity excess has been detected for D3S1358, D21S11, D18S51, D16S539, vWA, TPOX loci. Total of 160 alleles were detected, among which 32 are considered as rare alleles (frequency <0.005). The highest number of alleles was detected for PentaE (18) and the lowest for TH01 (7). 168 �AN INVESTIGATION ON THE PATERNAL LINEAGES OF THE NORTHERN IRAQ TURKMENS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Balkaya, HE. Gurkan, C. Dogan, M. Tunc, R. Abstract Today, Iraq is home to numerous ethnic groups, each with their distinct lingual and cultural traditions. Among these ethnic groups, the Iraqi Turkmens (Arabic: ‫تتتتتت تتتتتت‬, Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri, Irak Türkleri) are a Turkish speaking ethnic group that constitute the second largest minority in Iraq. In this study, the paternal lineages of a Northern Iraqi Turkmen population sample (n=102) were investigated using the LifeTechnologies AmpFlSTR® Yfiler® kit. The Northern Iraqi Turkmen Y-STR dataset was found to have 74 unique haplotypes among 102 samples analysed, and the discrimination capacity and haplotype diversity observed were 72.55% and 0.99592, respectively. Next, an allele frequency- based phylogenetic analysis of the Northern Iraqi Turkmen 17-loci Y-STR dataset along with those from neighbouring and distant populations was carried out. As expected, the Northern Iraqi Turkmen population was found to cluster most closely with the Iraqi population within a Middle Eastern cluster, which included other Turkish and Arabic populations at the next level. Once published, results from this study would constitute the first Y-chromosomal dataset on Iraqi Turkmens in the literature. The Northern Iraqi Turkmen Y-STR dataset is expected to have immediate forensic applications, such as missing person’s investigations. Furthermore, the new Y- STR dataset would also contribute to a better understanding of the population genetics of the Near East in general because despite the historical importance of this geography, unfortunately still very little data exists on the populations therein. Keywords: Northern Iraqi Turkmens, Middle East, Yfiler, Forensic parameters, Phylogenetic analysis 169 �DIVERSITY OF ACE AND ACTN3 POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIANHERZEGOVINIAN POPULATIONS Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Damir Marjanović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina damir.marjanovic@ibu.edu.ba Ćenanović, M Abstract Human ACE gene encodes angiotensin I-converting enzime with a key role in renin-angiotensin (RAS) and kinin-kallikrein (KKS) systems in the regulation of hemodynamics. ACTN3 gene encodes the muscle α-actinin-3 isoform that stabilises the muscle contractile apparatus. ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms are both extensively studied for possible association with the human physical performance. Aim was to estimate diversity of ACE and ACTN3 polymorphisms in population of Bosnia and Herzegovina and to evaluate possible association of these gene variants, gender and sports activity. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood and buccal epithelial cells using salting- out method. Total of 242 unrealted healthy individuals were tested, with regard to their gender (N=132 women, N=110 men) and sports activity (N=90 active, N=152 non-active). Genotyping was done by PCR with locus-specific primers. Statistical analyses revealed no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of both ACE/ACTN3 genes in Bosnian- Herzegovinians, as well as between compared subgroups of men and women, athletes and non- athletes (P=0.05). Allele frequency distribution showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We also compared our data with available data of other populations. Since no extensive research studies of ACE and ACTN3 genes were conducted in Bosnian-Herzegovinian population, except a few clinical studies, this study can provide further information about genetic diversity of human populations in western Balkan region. It can also serve as an incentive for future studies with larger number of variables, larger cohorts, as well as more applicative context in terms of developing more individualized approach in sports training. Keywords: ACE, ACTN3 gene variants, genetic diversity, Bosnian-Herzegovinians 170 �TEN-YEAR TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL AGE AND PRENATAL SCREENING Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Mehinović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Objective: This study examines trends in total and live birth prevalence of trisomy 21 (T21) with regard to increasing maternal age and the introduction of prenatal diagnosis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Method: The prenatal detection was introduced in January 2008 in 3 hospitals and assessed until December 31, 2015. In this study, 99 fetuses and 330 babies were diagnosed with T21 in the studied period. Results: On average, each year 33 T21 individuals were born and 13 T21 fetuses were diagnosed prenatally. The calculated incidence for the live born T21 individuals in Bosnia is 1:999. The live-birth prevalence of T21 was 9.6 per 10,000 births and the total prevalence of T21 was 19.1. The total T21 prevalence increases exponentially with the advanced maternal age. Prenatal T21 prevalence is 1.29 per 10,000 births for mothers <35, but increases exponentially with increasing age (32 for >40 years). The most common indications for invasive prenatal testing were ultrasound screening combined with biochemical serum analysis followed by the advanced maternal age. Conclusion: The prevalence of liveborn Down syndrome children remained constant. Despite the fact that increasing maternal age in the last decade contributed to the rise in the total T21 prevalence, the effect of the introduction of prenatal diagnosis on the live-birth T21 prevalence of T21 was minimal, leading to the conclusion that the prenatal screening has to be improved in developing countries. 171 �THE COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN GENERIC AND BRANDED IMATINIB IN ACHIEVEMENT OF OVERALL SURVIVAL AND CYTOGENETIC RESPONSES IN CML PATIENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Islamagić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Jerald P. Radich Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic Azra Hasic University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Sabira Kurtovic Abstract Introduction Imatinib mesylate (Glivec, Novartis) is the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein responsible for the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Low cost generic alternatives to imatinib are an integral part of cost effective healthcare strategies for developing countries. However, the use of generics has been associated with different clinical outcomes. In this study, we compared outcomes of two groups of patients who received Glivec as first-line therapy (Group 1) to patients who received generic imatinib as first-line therapy (Group 2) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Material and methods This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of BCR-ABL1 positive CML patients (n = 53) in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1 June 2005 and 31 March 2016. Glivec was used from 01 June 2005 until 30 September 2013, when all patients had to switch to generics, which was mandated 172 �by the Federal Solidarity Fund that allocates targeted cancer therapies. The following generic imatinib was available: Anzovip (Zdravlje, Actavis) from 09/2013 to 09/2014, Meaxin (Krka) from 09/2014 to 12/2015, and Plivatinib (Pliva) from 12/2015. Patient data was collected from the database of the Federal Solidarity Fund, a subsidiary of the Federal Health Insurance Agency. Branded and generic imatinib was administered orally at dosage of 400 mg/day. Patients who were switched to nilotinib received orally 400 mg/day. Patients on Glivec included in this study started therapy from 0-6 months from time of diagnosis, while patients who started with generics did not wait for therapy. Patient variables that were collected included age, gender, town, date of diagnosis, date of start of therapy, monthly TKI dosage, adverse side effects, progression, lethal outcome, prognostic factors and diagnostic parameters, including cytogenetics and molecular testing. In September 2013, Glivec stopped being available in Bosnia and all CML patients were switched to generic therapy Anzovip. Median duration of each therapy is given in Table 1. Results We compared patients on Glivec as first-line therapy (Group 1, n=26) to patients on first-line generic imatinib (Group 2, n=27) with the follow-up period of at least three years for each group. When we compare Groups 1 and 2 using intention to treat analysis, Kaplan-Meier estimated rate of overall survival at 24 months of therapy was 88% vs. 68%, respectively (p=0.14), while 69% vs. 70% achieved CCyR (p=0.12), respectively. In Group 1, 27% (7/26) patients switched to nilotinib (treatment failure in 2 patients and side effects in 5 patients), 54% (14/26) patients switched to generics because Glivec was no longer available, and 19% (5/26) patients stopped therapy (2 patients stopped therapy and 3 patients died). Of the 7 patients who switched to nilotinib, 71% (5/7) achieved CCyR, 29% (2/7) achieved MMR and none died. Of 19 patients who stayed on imatinib, 68% (13/19) achieved CCyR, 63% (12/19) achieved MMR and 3/19 (16%) died. Of the 54% (14/26) patients who were switched from branded imatinib to generic imatinib, one patient (7%) lost complete cytogenetic response. Regarding Group 2, 52% (14/27) of patients switched to nilotinib due to treatment failure (n=8) and side effects (n=6), while 48% (13/27) of patients stayed on generics. Of patients who switched to nilotinib, 43% (6/14) achieved CCyR and 15% (2/14) achieved MMR. Of the patients who stayed on generic imatinib, 100% (13/13) achieved CCyR and 85% (11/13) achieved MMR. Conclusion Our results suggest that there was no obvious difference in the treatment efficacy between generic and branded imatinib. At 3 years, there was no significant difference in the overall suvival and achievement of CCyR between first-line Glivec and first-line generic imatinib (p=0.14, and p=0.12, respectively). 173 �THE EFFICACY OF GENERIC IMATINIB AS FIRST-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY: 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Islamagić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic Sabira Kurtovic Mirza Kozarić Lejla Mehinović Abstract Introduction: Generics of imatinib mesylate, the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein, have recently been approved in many countries as the alternative, low-cost forms for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with CML receiving first-line and second-line generic imatinib in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Patients and methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients (n = 41) treated with generic imatinib in Bosnia between September 1, 2013 and August 5, 2016. Patients were categorized into 2 study groups: Group 1 (n = 27) included newly diagnosed patients with CML receiving front-line generic imatinib, and 174 �Group 2 (n = 14) consisted of patients who started with front-line Glivec and were mandated to switch to the second-line generic imatinib. Results: The median follow-up for Group 1 (first-line generic imatinib) and Group 2 (second-line generic imatinib) was 16 and 36 months, respectively. At 36 months, the overall survival for patients in Group 1 was 85%, and the achievement of complete cytogenetic response was 81%. At 24 months, the major molecular response rate was 48%. Overall, 52% of patients switched from first-line generic imatinib to nilotinib owing to treatment failure and side-effects. In Group 2, 93% of patients sustained cytogenetic and molecular response at 3 years after the switch from branded to generic imatinib. Conclusion: Our results lead us to conclude that generic imatinib as second-line therapy does not have deleterious effects on patient outcomes. However, first-line generic imatinib showed suboptimal efficacy compared with branded imatinib. 175 �A NOVEL CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RENAL METANEPHRIC ADENOMA: IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNER GENES INVOLVED IN TRANSLOCATION T(9; 15)(P24; Q24) Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Renal metanephric adenoma (MA) is a rare benign tumor frequently misclassified when microscopic features alone are applied. The correct classification of a renal tumor is critical for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. Despite the advancements in cancer genomics, up until recently relatively few genetic alterations critical to MA development have been recognized. Recent data suggest that 90% of MA have BRAFV600E mutations; the genetics of the remaining 10% are unclear. To date, only one case of a chromosomal translocation, t(9;15)(p24;q24) associated with MA has been reported. However, the potential role of the KANK1 gene, which lies near the breakpoint of the short arm of chromosome 9p24, in the etiology of MA was not examined. We identified the same cytogenetic aberration utilizing molecular cytogenetic techniques in a 22-year-old female patient, and further investigated the genes involved in the translocation that might have contributed to tumorigenesis. A series of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes identified the rearranged genes to be KANK1 on chromosome 9 (9p24.3) and NTRK3 on chromosome 15 (15q25.3). Mate-Pair genome sequencing validated the balanced translocation between 9p24.3 and 15q25.3, involving genes KANK1 and NTRK3, respectively. BRAFV600E mutational analysis was normal. Our findings indicate that gene fusions may be one mechanism by which functionally relevant genes are altered in the development of MA. Molecular and cytogenetic analyses have elucidated a novel genetic aberration, which helps to provide a better understanding of this genomic change and assist in diagnosis and classification of new subgroups/entities in metanephric adenomas. Keywords: Chromosomal translocations, Cytogenetics, KANK1-NTRK3, Metanephric adenoma, Renal cell carcinoma 176 �THE THREE YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF CML PATIENTS TREATED WITH FIRST-LINE GENERIC AND FIRST-LINE BRANDED IMATINIB IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Erna Islamagić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Emina Suljovć Hadžimešić Sabira Kurtović Mirza Kozarić Lejla Mehinović Abstract Imatinib mesylate, a selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been well established as the standard of care for chronic myeloid leukaemia patients. In this study, we compared clinical outcomes of patients who received first-line Glivec (Group 1) with patients who received first-line generic imatinib (Group 2) in Bosnia and Herzegovina with three years follow-up of therapy. At 24 months of therapy, the achievement of complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response were comparable between the studied groups (CCyR was 69% vs. 70%, respectively; MMR was 54% vs. 48%, respectively). After comparing the reasons for the switch to nilotinib, we found that treatment failure was higher in patients treated with generic imatinib (30% vs. 8%, respectively) and side effects were similar in both patient groups (22% vs. 19%, respectively). In general, patients on first-line generic imatinib had higher rates of treatment failure compared to patients treated with first-line branded imatinib. Keywords: Generic imatinib, Glivec, Clinical outcomes, CML 177 �THE ROLE OF GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN THE DETECTION OF EARLY-STAGE ORAL MALIGNANCIES–A REVIEW Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Naida Hadžiabdić Halid Sulejmanagic Abstract Since early diagnosis plays an important role in oral cancer prognosis, a general dental practitioner’s ability to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms is crucial. This review describes the role of general dental practitioners in the recognition of the early stage of oral cancer. To create guidelines for general dental practitioners, several aspects were evaluated: risk factors for the most common oral cancers and precancer, their early signs and symptoms, the role of oral screening in oral cancer prevention, and the importance of a biopsy. The authors also included five case reports which serve as examples for the significance of early detection of oral malignancies. 178 �LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF GIST PATIENTS TREATED WITH DELAYED IMATINIB THERAPY Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Leila Keškić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Amina Kugić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Semir Bešlija University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Anes Pašić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Nermina Ibišević University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The introduction of imatinib substantially improved the outcome of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) patients [1–4]. Even though imatinib has improved the treatment of GIST, its availability in underdeveloped and developing countries like Argentina, Brazil or Bosnia has been limited because of financial considerations and lack of insurance coverage [5,6]. Due to the limited number of available 179 �imatinib therapies, many GIST patients did not receive the drug. Over the years, the number of imatinib therapies gradually increased, but never so that all GIST patients were treated with TKIs. Keywords: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST), Targeted therapy, Outcome, Developing country, Imatinib 180 �LACK OF ACCESS TO TARGETED CANCER TREATMENT MODALITIES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD IN THE ERA OF PRECISION MEDICINE: REAL-LIFE LESSONS FROM BOSNIA Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Semir Vranić Qatar University Qatar Sabira Kurtovic Mirza Kozarić Nermir Granov Abstract Patients with cancer in developing and low-income countries have limited access to targeted cancer therapies. The transitional nature of these economies has influenced health care funding, which has resulted in the unavailability of targeted cancer treatments.1,2 Besides the three studies that will be described here, to our knowledge, no literature exists on the clinical outcome of patients treated with delayed targeted cancer therapy. To raise awareness on the importance of timely targeted cancer treatment, we will discuss three key issues: (1) the low number of targeted cancer therapies for different cancers, (2) the delay in cancer treatment, and (3) the unavailability of cancer diagnostics. 181 �THE FREQUENCY OF A NOVEL KANK1 AND NTRK3 TRANSLOCATION AND BRAFV600E MUTATION IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH METANEPHRIC ADENOMA UTILIZING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Semir Bešlija University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Aida Ćatić Ardis Sophian Lech Mazur Dinesh Rakheja Abstract Background: Renal metanephric adenoma (MA) is a very rare benign renal tumor, which is frequently misclassified when microscopic features alone are applied. Despite the classification of adenoma as a benign tumor, it is difficult to differentiate from other renal carcinomas such as malignant papillary renal cell carcinomas and in children it can be mistaken with Wilms tumor. The correct classification of a renal tumor is critical for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. Despite the advancements in cancer genomics, there is limited data available regarding the genetic alterations critical to the metanephric adenoma development. Recent data suggest that 90% of MA have BRAFV600Emutations; the genetics of the remaining 10 % are unclear. Methods: This study was conducted on 13 FFPE specimens from patients who were diagnosed with renal metanephric adenoma. H&E stained slides from all cases were reviewed by study pathologist, and representative tissue blocks were further selected for BRAFV600E sequencing and fluorescent in situ 182 �hybridization was adapted to detect chromosomal rearrangement between KANK1 on chromosome 9 (9p24.3) and NTRK3 on chromosome 15 (15q25.3). Results: In this study, we identified a novel chromosomal translocation t(9;15)(p24;q24) between KANK1 and NTRK3, and provided new insights into molecular mechanisms which might identify a subset of metanephric adenomas. Such findings imply that recurrent cytogenetic aberrations may be of prognostic significance as well. Interestingly, our data suggested mutual exclusivity of BRAFV600Eand t(9;15) aberrations. Conclusions: Molecular and cytogenetic analyses have allowed us to elucidate a genetic aberration, which may be specific to metanephric adenoma. Aberrant expression of the KANK1-NTRK3 gene fusion may be one mechanism by which functionally relevant genes are altered in the development of metanephric adenoma, and thus mark a subgroup of metanephric adenomas with particular clinicopathological features. Also, our study adds KANK1 and NTRK3 to the list of candidate genes that may play a role in the 10% of renal metanephric adenomas that lack a BRAFV600Emutation. 183 �LONG TERM EFFICACY OF NILOTINIB AS FRONT-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: REAL LIFE EXPERIENCE Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Semir Bešlija University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Erna Islamagić Sabira Kurtović Lejla Mehinović Abstract Background: In this study we examined the long-term real life clinical outcomes of patients receiving front- line nilotinib and patients who switched from branded or generic imatinib to nilotinib (second-line therapy) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: Patients in CML-CP (n = 70) who started their TKI treatment in period from June 2005 to August 2016 were included in this multicentre retrospective cohort study. Patients were categorized as: Group 1 (n = 31) contained patients receiving front-line nilotinib (300 mg twice daily) and Group 2 (n = 39) consisted of patients who started with front-line imatinib (Glivec or generic imatinib) and then were switched to nilotinib (400 mg or 600 mg twice daily). Nilotinib became available as front or second-line therapy in March 2011. Standard patients' variables were collected and disease progression was established as loss of CCyR and MMR. Survival probabilities were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. 184 �Results: Seventy patients (median age was 54.5 years; 61% was males) were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up was 39 months (range 3-51 months). Median wait period for therapy was 12 months (range 1-62) from diagnosis. In both studied groups, overall survival was 87% at 39 months. According to ITT principle, achievement of CCyR and MMR at 24 months on nilotinib therapy was higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (81% vs 67% and 74% vs 49%, respectively). Rate of death was similar in both studied groups (4/31 vs 5/39). In Group 2, five patients who had suboptimal response on front-line imatinib discontinued therapy (median period of 19.5 months) were switched when nilotinib became available. Interestingly, none of these patients died. Conclusions: Our results suggest that at 3 years, there was no difference in the overall suvival between studied groups. However, achievement of CCyR and MMR at 24 months was higher in patients on front-line nilotinib therapy. Patients who waited for therapy had optimal response regardless the wait period on nilotinib therapy. 185 �FRONT-LINE NILOTINIB IS A BETTER CHOICE THAN FRONT-LINE IMATINIB FOR CML PATIENTS WITH DELAYED TREATMENT: 11 YEAR FOLLOW-UP Amina Kurtović Kozarić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina amina.kurtovic@ibu.edu.ba Azra Hasić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Background CML patients in developing world had to wait for the start of TKI treatment, from several months to years. The significant delay in proper treatment with imatinib has had drastic consequences on patient outcomes including survival, CCyR and MMR. Nilotinib was introduced in 2011 as front- and second-line therapy for newly diagnosed as well as patients who waited for TKI treatment for a long time. Aims In this study we compared the long-term real life clinical outcomes (OS, CCyR and MMR) of patients receiving front- line imatinib and front-line nilotinib therapy in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from 08/2005 to 08/2016, categorized based on delayed start of therapy. Methods All newly diagnosed CML patients in CML-CP (n=149) who started their TKI treatment in period from August 2005 to August 2016 were included in this multicentre retrospective cohort study. Patients were categorized as: Group 1 (n=118) consisted of patients who started with front-line imatinib (300 mg, 400 mg or 600 mg twice daily; Glivec or generic imatinib therapy) and Group 2 (n=31) contained patients receiving front-line nilotinib (300 mg twice daily). Patients on imatinib were further categorized by the duration of treatment delay into three subgroups (<5 months, 6-13 months and >13 months) and patients on nilotinib therapy were divided into two subgroups (patients who waited less and more than 6 months on the start of therapy). Nilotinib became available as front or second-line therapy in March 2011. Standard patients' variables were collected and disease progression was established as loss of 186 �CCyR and MMR. Survival probabilities were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results We analyzed 149 patients (median age was 54.5 years; 57% was males) in chronic phase of CML. The median follow-up from time of diagnosis and start of therapy was 45 months and 39 months, respectively (range 3-145 months). Median wait period for therapy in patients who waited less and more than 6 months was 0 months (range 0-6) vs 15 months in the waiting group (range 9-63). At 11 years, overall survival for patients on front-line imatinib (Group 1) and front-line nilotinib (Group 2) was 83% and 87%, respectively. According to ITT principle, achievement of CCyR and MMR at 24 months was higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (81% vs 66% and 74% vs 37%, respectively). Rate of death was similar in both studied groups (20/118 vs 4/31). When we analysed delayed treatment at 24 months, CCyR for patients who received therapy immediately, who waited 6-13 months and more than 13 months, was 74% vs 64% vs 40%, respectively. Regarding nilotinib treatment at 24 months, patients on 1st line immediate nilotinib vs 1st line delayed nilotinib achieved 83% vs 77% for CCyR and 78% vs 69% for MMR, respectively. Conclusion Our results after 11 years of follow up suggest that nilotinib demonstrated improved efficacy over imatinib therapy. Achievement of CCyR and MMR at 24 months was higher in patients on front-line nilotinib therapy. Patients who waited for therapy had optimal response regardless the wait period on nilotinib therapy. Keywords: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Molecular response, Cytogenetics, Chronic myeloid leukemia 187 �SILICON NANOWIRES SUBSTRATES FABRICATION FOR ULTRA-SENSITIVE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SENSORS Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Hrvoje Gebavi Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices Croatia Lara Mikac Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices Croatia Marijan Marciuš Ruđer Bošković Institute Croatia Mile Šikic Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Croatia Vlasta Mohaček-Grošev Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices Croatia Tibor Janči University of Zagreb Croatia Sanja Vidaćek University of Zagreb Croatia Emina Hasanspahić University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina 188 �Mile Ivanda Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices Croatia Abstract The silicon based substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) have been synthesized and tested. The silver-assisted electroless wet chemical etching method has been utilized for silicon nanowires production which has been proved as the promising SERS substrate. The morphology of the silicon nanowires coated with silver nanoparticles has been examined by scanning electron microscopy. The SERS measurements tested on rhodamine 6G molecules indicated the optimal silicon nanowire substrate production obtained for 5 M hydrofluoric acid and 30 mM silver nitrate etching solution. The results show SERS detection limit of 10–8 M rhodamine in aqueous solution. Keywords: Electroless chemical etching, Eurface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Silicon nanowires, Rhodamine 189 �DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CHEMILUMINESCENCE BIOSENSORS FOR DETERMINATION OF BIOGENIC AMINES IN MEAT Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Sandro Valzacchi European Commission-Joint Research Center Italy Abstract Development of chemiluminescence one-shot biosensors for determination of biogenic amines is described and compared with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with pre-column derivatisation. The biosensors are based on enzymatic oxidation to 4-aminobutyraldehyde with putrescine oxidase or diamine oxidase as catalysts. The lowest measured concentration for the biosensor with putrescine oxidase was 1 mg/L. The detection limit, calculated as 3σ value, was 0.8 mg/L. The biosensor with diamine oxidase had the lowest measured concentration of 1 mg/L of putrescine. Detection limit, calculated as 3σ value, was 1.3 mg/L. Biosensors were tested on five different meat samples, and the results were compared with HPLC coupled with pre-column derivatization. Results showed that new biosensors could be used in determination of putrescine concentration in meat samples but improvements, such as sample pretreatment before determination or design of interference free biosensor, are required. Keywords: Biogenic amine, Determination, Chemiluminescence, Biosensor, Putrescine, Meat freshness 190 �OVERVIEW OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING PLATFORMS USED IN PUBLISHED DRAFT PLANT GENOMES IN LIGHT OF GENOTYPIZATION OF IMMORTELLE PLANT (HELICHRYSIUM ARENARIUM) Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract INTRODUCTION: Major advancements in DNA sequencing methods introduced in the first decade of the new millennium initiated a rapid expansion of sequencing studies, which yielded a tremendous amount of DNA sequence data, including whole sequenced genomes of various species, including plants. A set of novel sequencing platforms, often collectively named as "next-generation sequencing" (NGS) completely transformed the life sciences, by allowing extensive throughput, while greatly reducing the necessary time, labor and cost of any sequencing endeavor. PURPOSE: of this paper is to present an overview NGS platforms used to produce the current compendium of published draft genomes of various plants, namely the Roche/454, ABI/SOLiD, and Solexa/Illumina, and to determine the most frequently used platform for the whole genome sequencing of plants in light of genotypization of immortelle plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 191 �45 papers were selected (with 47 presented plant genome draft sequences), and utilized sequencing techniques and NGS platforms (Roche/454, ABI/SOLiD and Illumina/Solexa) in selected papers were determined. Subsequently, frequency of usage of each platform or combination of platforms was calculated. RESULTS: Illumina/Solexa platforms are by used either as sole sequencing tool in 40.42% of published genomes, or in combination with other platforms - additional 48.94% of published genomes, followed by Roche/454 platforms, used in combination with traditional Sanger sequencing method (10.64%), and never as a sole tool. ABI/SOLiD was only used in combination with Illumina/Solexa and Roche/454 in 4.25% of publications. CONCLUSIONS: Illumina/Solexa platforms are by far most preferred by researchers, most probably due to most affordable sequencing costs. Taking into consideration the current economic situation in the Balkans region, Illumina Solexa is the best (if not the only) platform choice if the sequencing of immortelle plant (Helichrysium arenarium) is to be performed by the researchers in this region. Keywords: Base Sequence; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Plant Genome 192 �NANOMATERIALS IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY WITH EMPHASIS ON APPLICATION IN MODERN MEDICINE Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Mirjana Maksimović University of East Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Nanotechnology, as the most advanced technology today, enables the creation of two types of nanotech tools - nanomaterials (revolutionary new materials) and nanodevices, which are ubiquitous in many areas of engineering, information technology, telecommunications, agro-industry, ecology, military and cosmic industry, etc. The most important application and achievement of nanotechnology are in the field medicine. This led to the development of the specialized branch of medicine that connects nanotechnology and medicine and it is known as nanomedicine. Nanomedicine deals with the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and control of biological systems with the help of nanotechnology. Increased applications of nanomaterials are followed with increased concern about potential risks of their application. The importance, advantages and disadvantages of nanomaterials and their applications are presented in this paper with focus on nanomedicine. 193 �APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL SURFACE ADSORPTION INDEX APPROACH (BSAI) IN CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND BIOMOLECULES Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Tarik Husremović Alma Jakupović Anes Omerbašić Abstract The biological surface adsorption index approach (BSAI) presents a novel approach for characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) in biological sys-tems. It is used for identification and quantitation of intermolecular forces that govern the adsorption properties of biomolecules on NPs surface. BSAI presents very important step in characterization of NPs-biomolecules interactions. Knowledge about the mechanism of interactions could help in prediction of NPs eventual toxicity in biological systems. Gold NPs are very often used in medicine, cosmetics and pharmacy thus evaluation of potential toxicity of gold NPs is extremely important prior its ap-plication. In this paper BSAI approach was applied on gold NPs with three different size (5 nm, 15 nm and 30 nm). The results showed that interactions of gold NPs and biomolecules vary in dependence of the size of NPs. The results contribute in toxicity assessment of gold nanoparticles in combi-nation with other analytical tools for toxicity assessment. Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Interactions, Characterization, Adsorption Nanodescriptors 194 �DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF AMINO ACID ADSORBED ON NANOPARTICLE SURFACE Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Adnan Fojnica International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Sabina Halilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Džana Mulaomerović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Amra Dorić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Belma Alispahić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Bio-functionalization of nanoparticles with amino acids increases their biocompatibility and make them more efficient in delivery systems, especially in drug delivery and gene therapy. This can lead to development of new detection methods, in the field of clinical diagnostics, biosensors and DNA receptors. Alongside, understanding of the mechanism of amino acid adsorption on nanoparticle surface contributes to the evaluation of complex interaction between nanoparticles and proteins. Thus, development of methods for amino acid quantitation and characterization is very important. Still, the number of methods is very limited. We report a strategy for the quantification of cysteine adsorbed on gold, silver and silica nanoparticles by modified ninhydrin method. In order to obtain the most suitable ratio for amino acid adsorption, optimized parameters were: amino acid concentration, ratio of amino 195 �acids to nanoparticles, and nanoparticle concentration. Values of absorbance were measured by UVVis spectrophotometry and used for calculating the mass of adsorbed amino acid. The size of nanoparticles lacked an effect on amino acids whereas the ratio of amino acid to nanoparticles was revealed as a critical parameter. The method suggests 9:1 ratio as the most suitable for amino acidnanoparticle interaction in case of both, gold and silica nanoparticles. 196 �APPLICATION OF ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY IN EVALUATION OF PROTEIN–NANOPARTICLE INTERACTIONS Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) offer a number of advantages over small organic molecules for controlling protein behaviors within the cell. Protein binding to the surface of NPs depends on their surface characteristics, composition and method of preparation (Mandal et al., J Hazard Mater 248-249: 238-245, 2013). It is important to understand the binding affinities, stoichiometries and thermodynamic parameters of NPprotein interactions in order to see which interaction will have toxic and dangerous consequences and thus prevent it. On the other side, because proteins are on the brink of stability, they may experience interactions with some types of NPs that are strong enough to cause denaturation or significantly alter their conformations with concomitant loss of their biological function. Structural changes in the protein may cause exposure of new antigenic sites, "cryptic" peptide epitopes, potentially triggering an immune response that can promote autoimmune disease (Treuel et al. In ACS Nano 8 (1): 503-513, 2014). Mechanistic details of protein structural changes at NP surface have still remained elusive. Understanding the formation and persistence of the protein corona is critical; However, there are no many analytical methods that could provide detailed information about the NP-protein interaction characteristics and about protein structural changes caused by interactions with nanoparticles. The article reviews recent studies in the NP-protein interactions research and application of isotermal titration calorimetry (ITC) in this research. The study of protein structural changes upon adsorption on nanoparticle surface and application of ITC in these studies is emphasized. The data illustrates that ITC is a versatile tool for evaluating interactions between NPs and proteins. When coupled with other analytical methods, it is important analytical tool for monitoring conformational changes in proteins. Keywords: Isotermic titration calorimetry, Nanoparticles, Proteins, Interactions, Gold nanoparticles, Protein-nanoparticle interaction 197 �APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FOOD PACKAGING Enisa Omanović Miklićanin International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina e.omanovic.miklicanin@ibu.edu.ba Džana Mulaomerović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Amra Dorić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Ivana Vinković-Vrček Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Croatia Mirjana Maksimović University of East Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Rapid advancements in nanosciences and nanotechnologies in recent years are offering a variety of benefits to the whole of agro-food production chain. The main focus appears to be on food packaging and health food products. Nano-enhanced packaging has much to offer. Benefits range from stronger and more flexible films, to smart packaging which can vastly simplify stock management and monitor food condition. However, as with many burgeoning areas of nanotechnology, there are some concerns which must be raised. It is not yet completely clear to what extent nanoparticles embedded in packaging films can leach into food products, and what the effects of exposure to various nanomaterials on consumer health might be. Whilst these issues are still being explored, one thing is for sure - the next few years will bring important and fascinating developments in nanotechnology for packaging, which may well act as a model for progress across all commercial applications of nanotechnology. 198 �INSPECTION PROCESS OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS: SOFTWARE SOLUTION Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract With increased sophistication of electrical medical devices and more dynamic working environment conditions, safety and accuracy requirements are becoming more strict. Healthcare institutions are challenged in keeping their electrical medical devices safe to use, accurate and reliable in terms of measuring and monitoring of vital parameters. In healthcare institutions maintaining overall operating functions at the required level of performance can be achieved through periodical safety performance inspections. International guidelines, such as Directives IEC 60601, ISO 62353 and MDD 93/42, define how healthcare institutions should perform these periodical checks. In countries, where those guidelines are not adopted, medical device safety and performance inspections are conducted in accordance to Directives of new approach. This paper presents the software solution for tracking the inspection process of medical devices in public and private healthcare institutions. The software is implemented in Oracle Application Development Framework Technology (ADF) and it is used to facilitate gathering of documents such as Inspection Certificates, Working Orders, Measurement Reports, Calculated Errors, and also to keep track of dates for next inspection. The software can be accessed online via Inspection Laboratory website, and all clients, as well as professional laboratory staff can login using their own username and password which makes all inspection data confidential. The software solution is validated in private and public healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Out of 331 public and private health care institutions in BH, software solution was validated in 218 institutions and more than 1800 inspection tests reports were imported in software by the date that this paper was written. Keywords: Safety, Performance, Inspection, Medical devices, Metrology, Software, Healthcare, Information technology 199 �TESTING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATORS AND INFANT INCUBATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Jimenez ER Iadanza E Abstract The medical device industry has grown rapidly and incessantly over the past century. The sophistication and complexity of the designed instrumentation is nowadays rising and, with it, has also increased the need to develop some better, more effective and efficient maintenance processes, as part of the safety and performance requirements. This paper presents the results of performance tests conducted on 50 mechanical ventilators and 50 infant incubators used in various public healthcare institutions. Testing was conducted in accordance to safety and performance requirements stated in relevant international standards, directives and legal metrology policies. Testing of output parameters for mechanical ventilators was performed in 4 measuring points while testing of output parameters for infant incubators was performed in 7 measuring points for each infant incubator. As performance criteria, relative error of output parameters for mechanical ventilators and absolute error of output parameters for infant incubators was calculated. The ranges of permissible error, for both groups of devices, are regulated by the Rules on Metrological and Technical Requirements published in the Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 75/14, which are defined based on international recommendations, standards and guidelines. All ventilators and incubators were tested by etalons calibrated in an ISO 17025 accredited laboratory, which provides compliance to international standards for all measured parameters.The results show that 30% of the tested medical devices are not operating properly and should be serviced, recalibrated and/or removed from daily application. Keywords: Health technology management, Clinical engineering, Healthcare, Infant incubators, Mechanical ventilators, Output parameters, Safety, Standards, Testing 200 �APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Layla Abdel-Ilah International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Elma Veljović University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) studies are important in silico methods in rational drug design. The aim of this methods are to optimize the existing leads in order to improve their biological activities and physico-chemical properties. Also, to predict the biological activities of untested and sometimes yet unavailable compounds. This article is a general review of different QSAR/QSPR studies in different previous researches. R2 and Q2 parameters are used in some studies to predict the predictability and robustness of the constructed models. In all mentioned articles QSAR study were good prediction tool for investigation drug activity or binding mode on specific receptors. Keywords: Drug design, QSAR, QSPR, Molecular Descriptor, Coefficient of Determination R2, Squared Correlation Coefficient Q2. 201 �TELEMETRY SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA AND CHRONICAL OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Eldar Granulo University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Lejla Bećar University of Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract For people who live in rural or remote areas, or have a limited possibility of movement, disease is diagnosed late in the course, which unfortunately often results in death. In order to increase awareness among people and to reduce mortality rates, telemetry systems play a very important role. This paper presents the telemetry system for diagnosis of Asthma and COPD 1. Developed telemetry system is implemented using Android, Java, MATLAB and PHP technologies. Classification of respiratory diseases is implemented in our previous papers. During the six months' period telemetry system was tested on 541 subjects, where 324 were classified as asthmatics or COPD while 217 were classified as healthy subjects. Implemented system uses a spirometer connected via Bluetooth with a mobile phone application for sending data to the server where is installed Expert System for classification of Asthma and COPD. After the classification process Expert System is sending a diagnosis to the patient via e-mail. Keywords: Telemetry, Expert System, Disease, Classification, Asthma, COPD 202 �TESTING OF THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Lejla Gurbeta International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lejla.gurbeta@ibu.edu.ba Almir Badnjević International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina almir.badnjevic@ibu.edu.ba Alma Jakupović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Elvira Ruiz Jimenez Abstract Electrical medical equipment are complex and sophisticated and are expected to operate under strict requirements and over longer time period. Healthcare institutions are facing challenge in keeping electrial medical equipment safe, accurate, reliable with operating performance at the acceptable level. Periodical performance inspections are therefore of great importance. The perfomance of therapeutical ultrasounds in healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina is periodicly inspected in accordance to national rules (Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina No. 75/14) and international recommendations (IEC 60601). This paper presents the results of performance inspection of 117 therapeutical ultrasounds measured by independent laboratory for inspection of medical devices appointed by Institute of Metrology of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results show that nearly 30% of inspected devices do not operate properly. Out of nearly 30% of faulty device, in aproximately 41% cases transducer heads are not operating properly. Through this paper, the importance od periodical inspection of performance of therapeutical ultrasounds by professional engineering staff is pointed out. Inspection of performance is irreplacable step in increasing quality of healthcare. 203 �A DISSIMILAR APPROACH TO ASSOCIATING ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD Serkan Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina serkan.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Hacer Konaklı International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Hasan Emin Balkaya International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Indira Özçoban International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene, as a component of Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), regulates blood pressure as it converts somatic isozyme Angiotensin I into physiologically active peptide Angiotensin II and simultaneously brakes down bradykinins. Over 100 polymorphisms are reported for ACE gene. Most of these polymorphisms having no phenotypic effect relay the attention towards polymorphisms based on insertions (I) or deletions (D) of a 287 bp Alu repeat sequence in 16th intron. There are three possible genotypes for the stated polymorphism: DD, DI or II. There have been a lot of studies searching for direct associations between ACE polymorphisms and performance phenotypes along different sports requiring power or endurance. The previous experiments are based on the performance criteria but direct associations of ACE polymorphisms are not fully understood until today. We believe different approaches may aid scientist to plot the big picture. A sample population of 101 individuals from Bosnia and Herzegovina contributed to sample pool of the initial project. Buccal swabs from 101 samples were collected along with a phenotypic structure and environmental characteristic survey which was filled by each individual himself/herself. Genotypes of the individuals were obtained 204 �after isolation, amplification and gel electrophoresis of biological samples collected as buccal swabs. A total of 165 artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed considering the input parameters, possible genotype outputs, applied algorithm and sample size. The aim of developing various ANNs was to validate a possible ACE polymorphism genotype prediction algorithm based on phenotypic and environmental characteristics of individuals, in other words, without any biological testing. A twolayered feed-forward network, with sigmoid hidden neurons was designed to perform the classification of input data. Trainscg (Scaled Conjugate Gradient) activation function was used in hidden layer since classification of data was non-linear. All ANN models were trained with scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation. ANN models differing in the parameters has shown different accuracy in the results. Most outstanding result was observed in the ANN build composed of 2 distinctive layers with 500 neurons in the first and 3 neurons in the second layer. Trained with 70% of samples and verified with 15% of samples and validated with an additional 50 samples. Training set was composed of the following subject parameters; gender, eye color, hair color, height, weight, presence of hypertension in family and presence of cardiovascular diseases in family. The highest prediction accuracy was obtained as 86,6 % training score, 78,6 % testing score and 80,2 % overall score in genotype prediction for ACE polymorphisms. With further development of data collection and high resolution analysis, overall score could be boosted. Also, phenotypical data can be applied as markers of genotypes in ACE polymorphisms. Keywords: ACE Gene, Polymorphisms, Artificial Neural Networks, Genotype Prediction 205 �NEW POSSIBLE TARGETABLE GENES FOR FUTURE TREATMENT OF MIXED LINEAGE LEUKEMIA Senol Doğan International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senol.dogan@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Aim of study: Leukemia has different subtypes, which present unique clinical and molecular characteristics. MLL (Mixed Lineage Leukemia) is one of the new different subtypes than AML and ALL. Materials and Methods: Genomic characterization is the main key understanding the differences of MLL by analysis of differential gene expression, methylation patterns and mutational spectra that were compared and analyzed between MLL and AML types (n=197). Results: According to the genomic characterization of MLL, differentially expressed 114 genes were selected and 37 of them targeted genes having more than 2 fold expression change, including HOXA9, CFH, DDX4, MSH4, MSMB, TWIST1, ZSWIM2, POU6F2. To measure the aberrant methylation is the second genomic characterization of this research because the rearrangements of MLL gene leading to aberrant methylation. The methylation data were compared between cancer and control, so high methylated genes have been detected between MLL and AML types. The methylation loci were categorized into two groups: ≥ 10 fold difference and ≥ 5 and ≤ 10 fold difference. Some of the genes high methylated more than one location such as; RAET1E, HSD17B2, RNASE11, DGK1, POU6F2, NAGS, PIK3C2G, GADL1, and KRT13. In addition to that, analysis of somatic mutation gives us that CFH has the highest point mutation 9,92%. Conclusion: Overall, the MLL genomic characterization shows that it is different than AML and exhibits a unique molecular and biological phenotype and point to new possible targetable genes for future treatment of MLL leukemia are two important values. Keywords: MLL type leukemia, Genomic analyzes, Gene expression, Methylation, Mutation 206 �III PART: Faculty of Education 207 �THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE Senad Bećirović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract This study deals with the research into the relationship between gender, motivation and achievement in learning English as a foreign language. A good command of English is of paramount importance for an individual to be successful in numerous aspects of life such as professional, personal and educational. The aim of this research was to determine how gender influences motivation and achievement in learning English as a foreign language. The research sample consists of 185 students aged ten (fifth grade), fourteen (ninth grade) and eighteen (twelfth grade). The results demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between gender and motivation. Ten-year-old students exhibit the highest motivation for learning English as a foreign language, while the eighteen-year-olds exhibit the lowest motivation. In addition, female students are more successful at learning English as a foreign language than male students at each group/grade level. Moreover, the findings also reveal statistically significant results in measuring the correlation between achievement and motivation and can be highly beneficial for teachers, parents and students in adopting the most effective approach to learning and teaching English as a foreign language. Keywords: Motivation, Gender, Foreign Language, Grade Level, Achievement, Correlation 208 �WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN EFL CONTEXT Senad Bećirović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Emina Rizvić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract Willingness to communicate (WTC) has recently been extensively investigated in the field of language study, especially in second language acquisition studies and communication studies. Studies suggest that WTC is an important tool that can facilitate language learning. Hence, the aim of instructors when teaching a language should be to increase the students' WTC. The aim of this study is to explore the Bosnian-Herzegovinian university students' willingness to communicate in English as a foreign language in different situational and interpersonal contexts. For that purpose, the Willingness to Communicate Questionnaire (McCroskey, Richmond, 2013) was utilized. The instrument consists of seven sub-scales: group discussion, meetings, interpersonal, public speaking, friend, acquaintance, stranger and it consists of 20 items. The research sample consists of 193 students from three universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, two public universities and one private university. The results show that students' grade level, type of university and GPA significantly affect their willingness to communicate, while gender, nationality, or the number of foreign languages that students speak do not affect their WTC. Since this concept has not been studied broadly in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian EFL context, findings of this quantitative study might facilitate the process of setting pedagogical aims in English language instruction in Bosnia and Herzegovina, with special emphasis on WTC. Keywords: WTC, Communication, Foreign Language, Achievement 209 �SOCRATIC METHOD AS AN APPROACH TO TEACHING Senad Bećirović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina senad.becirovic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract The theoretical view of Socrates' life and his method in teaching. After the biographical facts of Socrates and his life, we explained the method he used in teaching and the two main types of his method, Classic and Modern Socratic Method. Since the core of Socrates' approach is the dialogue as a form of teaching we explained how exactly the Socratic dialogue goes. Besides that, we presented two examples of dialogues that Socrates led, Meno and Gorgias. Socratic circle is also one of the aspects that we presented in this paper. It is the form of seminars that is crucial for group discussions of a given theme. At the end, some disadvantages of the Method are explained. With this paper, the reader can get the conception of this approach of teaching and can use Socrates as an example of how successfull teacher leads his students towards the goal. Keywords: Socratic Method, Dialogue, Seminar, Teaching, Life-Long Learning 210 �THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING STYLES IN THE EFL CLASSROOM Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina viladana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Lejla Žunić-Rizvić Abstract This paper deals with teaching management of different learning styles students use in the EFL classroom. It explores various types of learning styles and it provides directions that can help EFL teachers in better understanding of various learning preferences and in responding to different types of learners. Different types of learners are also treated in this paper. In addition to theoretical explanations for every type of learner mentioned, different methods and approaches are incorporated, together with suggestions for activities suitable for particular learners. The last part of the paper is a study of Bosnian teenagers’ learning styles and their implication in teaching. The aim of the study was to investigate major learning styles of Sarajevo teenagers and how they affect their learning. The results and analysis of the study are presented at the end of this paper. 211 �USE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS AND L1 IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING CLASSROOMS IN B&H Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina viladana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Nađa Skopljak International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract In the modern society people are exposed to English almost all the time and everywhere. English is heard on TV, read in books, people from different countries communicate with each other in this language. Therefore, it is not surprising that the need for studying the effects of the exposure to English on the developing of English language proficiency has arisen. This paper examines the exposure of Bosnian students to the English language outside of the classroom and provides a comparison between private and public schools, as well as between elementary and high schools. Another aspect of investigation are the perceptions of Bosnian teachers and students regarding the use of the mother tongue (L1) in EFL classrooms. With the switch from grammar-translation method to communicative approaches, the role of L1 in English language learning classrooms has become highly disputed, and the current paper attempts to shed light on this issue. 212 �STUDENTS’ AND TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON SKILLS ACQUISITION AND ERROR CORRECTION TREATMENT IN BOSNIAN EFL CONTEXT Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina viladana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Senija Ogrić - Kevrić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract The presence of the English language in various domains of everyday life cannot be neglected, since it is easily encountered in politics, social networks, media and newspapers worldwide, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, where especially the conditions of the post-war period contributed to the need of learning it. Even though English is widely present as a foreign language in elementary and high schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina, its acquisition has not been largely investigated. The current paper aims at exploring students’ and teachers’ perceptions regarding the development of language skills in English, as an important aspect of acquiring a language and one of the key prerequisites for its successful use. 213 �THE ASSESSMENT OF BOSNIAN EFL LEARNERS’ KNOWLEDGE BY TWO DIFFERENT MEASURES: TEST AND WRITING ASSIGNMEN Vildana Dubravac International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina viladana.dubravac@ibu.edu.ba Ana Tankosić International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ana.tankosic@ibu.edu.ba Abstract English is taught as a foreign language in elementary and high schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH). However, since the number of English classes per week is very limited they should be utilized in the best possible way to produce proficient users of English. Nowadays, when language proficiency is viewed as one’s ability to speak and write in the target language and not about it, the need for the proficiency evaluation in schools arises. The present study attempts to shed a spot of light on this issue, investigating two very common ways of assessing students’ knowledge in schools, namely tests and writing assignments. Hence, through the interviews with English teachers and the analysis of students’ tests and writing assignments, the current paper explores the ways in which these two measures are realized, the tasks they consist of, the type of linguistic knowledge they are used to evaluate, their levels of difficulty, and the type of corrective feedback teachers provide on both of them. The results suggest that teachers on both measure rather students’ explicit than their implicit knowledge, focusing much more on accuracy than fluency development. Keywords: Assessment, Test, Writing Assignment, Corrective Feedback, EFL 214 �CARYL PHILLIPS AND THE RHIZOMORPHOUS GAZE: A GEOPHILOSOPHICAL READING OF CROSSING THE RIVER Ibrahim Murat Oner International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina murat.oner@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Caryl Phillips’s narratives are generally known for their fragmentation, ambiguity, displaced characters, mindboggling geographical and social passages, and intertextual allusions. Crossing the River similarly embodies fragmentation in its substance and narrative form(s), and it also features transgressors and travelers who geographically and socially cross borders and undergo deep transformations. Therefore, one’s initial experience of reading Phillips’s labyrinthine writing – such as Crossing the River – is that of utter confusion. In the academia, earlier studies have properly addressed the issues of Phillips’s agenda: memory of oppression and displacement, history of dislocation and exile, and ultimate diasporic experience. This paper, however, proposes an alternative perspective for Caryl Phillips’s readers: a geophilosophical analysis. This paper suggests that Phillips’s sophistication arises not only from his writing agenda but also from his aesthetic concerns in handling historical nonequilibrium. Bertrand Westphal states: “Nonequilibrium is coherent and, ultimately, more interesting than equilibrium, since the latter is deprived of history.” Westphal also compares “equilibrium” with “a nonstory” and “nonequilibrium” with “a complex story” (19). As this paper suggests, geophilosophical reading makes more sense of Phillipsian dense modus operandi and artistic intents. This model also juxtaposesCrossing the River and Phillips’s other narratives. Under such a scrutiny, Phillipsian fragmentation presents a “patchwork” of his “rhizomorphous” gaze at the nonequilibrium, and geographical and social passages are merely “smoothing” movements from “striations” of “the state apparatus,” and displaced characters turn into border-crossing “nomads” for whom displacement is an “intermezzo.” 215 �BÂKİ’NİN “CÂN” REDİFLİ GAZELİNİN ŞERHİ VE YAPISALCILIK AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ Lokman Gözcü International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina lokman.gozcu@ibu.edu.ba Abstract Bu çalışmanın amacını, Kanuni devrinde dönemin en büyük şairi sayılarak kendi sine “Sultânü’ş-şuarâ” unvanı verilmiş, namı ve eserleri Anadolu ve Rumeli’nin dört bir yanına yayılmış, Hindistan’a kadar adını duyurmuş olan Bâkî’nin “Cânâ” redifli gazelinin şerhi ve ardından yapısalcılık bakımından incelenmesi oluşturmuştur. Yirminci yüzyıl ile birlikte dil ve edebiyat dünyamıza giren yapısalcılık, modern tarzda metin inceleme yöntemidir. Klasik Türk edebiyatı metinleri geleneksel şerh yöntemlerinin dışında yapısal olarak incelendiğinde şekil, içerik, anlam ve sanatsal değer bakımından daha açıklayıcı ve anlaşılır olacaktır. Bu açıdan çalışmada, Bâkî’nin “Cânâ” redifli gazeli bu hedef doğrultusunda incelenmiş, sanat ve estetik değeri saptanmıştır. Keywords: Bâkî, Yapısalcılık, Klasik Şerh, Gazel, Klasik Türk Edebiyatı, Cânâ 216 �Contents I PART: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences ................... 2 IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 3 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 3 IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 4 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Nereida Hadžiahmetović .............................................................................................................................................. 4 EFFECTS OF ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES: REVIEW AND A PROPOSED MODEL ................................................................. 5 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 5 IMPACT OF CARING CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ....... 6 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 6 Vesna Plakalović ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 THE YOUTH'S PERCEPTION OF MIGRATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 7 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Kanita Jahić ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Šejla Kočan .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NON-MONETARY INCENTIVES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: A CASE OF CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.. 8 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Emir Srna ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT RELATIONSHIP IN THE SHOES MANUFACTURING SECTOR .................................................................................... 9 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 9 Mehmet Gencouglu ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 HOW DO ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONALS PERCEIVE WHISTLEBLOWING REASONS AND WHISTLEBLOWING PREFERENCES ............................................................................................... 10 217 �Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Cemil Kuzey ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 Bedia Atalay ................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Ali Haydar Gungormus ............................................................................................................................................... 10 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATION (BOOK) 11 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 11 FORENSIC ACCOUNTING AS A SOLUTION TO MANIPULATIVE ACCOUNTING OF SME’S IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................... 12 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 Anida Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Alma Hurić .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 BACKTESTING VALUE AT RISK FORECAST: THE CASE OF KUPIEC POF-TEST 13 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Mia Vehabović ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 USAGE OF DERIVATIVES IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 14 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 Anida Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................ 14 BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE ON BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ................................................ 15 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Amra Halaba ............................................................................................................................................................... 15 Erkan Ilguen ................................................................................................................................................................ 15 A RESEARCH REVIEW OF MOTIVATION-ENHANCING OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES 16 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 16 Nereida Hadžiahmetović ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Kanita Jahić ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF WHAT WAS STUDIED AND WHERE WAS RESEARCHED ............................................................................................... 17 Nereida Hadžiahmetović ............................................................................................................................................ 17 SISTEM PREVENCIJE MALOLJETNIČKOG PRESTUPNIŠTVA I KRIVIČNO-PRAVNIH MJERA ZA MALOLJETNE IZVRŠIOCE KRIVIČNIH DJELA U ČESKOJ REPUBLICI ................................ 18 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 18 218 �PRAVOSUDNI AKTIVIZAM U PRAKSI EVROPSKOG SUDA PRAVDE I UTICAJ NA SUVERENITET DRŽAVA ČLANICA EU, PRAVNA MISAO, FEDERALNO MINISTARSTVO PRAVDE - LEGAL THOUGHT 1-2/16, FEDERAL MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, SARAJEVO ............................................................................. 19 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 LEGAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HOLOCAUST IN THE VISEGRAD (V4) COUNTRIES (BOOK) 20 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 20 DUAL CITIZENSHIP AND YOUTH IDENTITY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) 21 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Nicholas Micinski ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 THE INFLUENCES OF DAYTON AGREEMENT ON INSTITUTIONS: LEGISLATURES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) ............................................................................... 22 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Nedim Kulenović ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 ETHNIC MOBILIZATION, VIOLENCE AND THE POLITICS OF AFFECT: SERB DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE BOSNIAN WAR (BOOK) .................................................................................. 23 Adis Maksić ................................................................................................................................................................. 23 A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CREDIT RISK ASSESMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN TURKEY 24 Olcay Erdoğan ............................................................................................................................................................. 24 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 Adnan Hodžić .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL CAPITAL ON DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS 25 Natasa Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 25 Merdzana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 EXPLORING ISLAMIC INDICES IN THE GREAT RECESSION (CHAPTER IN BOOK) 26 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 Harun Sencal ............................................................................................................................................................... 26 OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE MACROECONOMY WITH THE APPLICATION TO 2001 CRISIS OF TURKEY 27 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 27 EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON GDP IN THE TURKISH ECONOMY 28 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 Esraq Simsek ............................................................................................................................................................... 28 Fatih Macit .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 THE IMPACT OF EWOM IN SOCIAL MEDIA ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS 219 29 �Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 Merve Turkyilmaz ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 STUDY ON CLIENT - SATISFACTION FACTORS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, EUROPEAN 30 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 30 Meliha Duljević ........................................................................................................................................................... 30 WIN – WIN FACTORS OF HIGH-END PERFUME PACKAGING THAT LEAD TO PURCHASE DECISION 31 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 31 Zumreta Redžović ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON BRAND EQUITY AND BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION: A CASE STUDY ON DOMESTIC BRANDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA .... 32 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 32 Sumeja Softić .............................................................................................................................................................. 32 THE ROLE OF AFFECTIVE FACTORS ON BRAND RESONANCE: MEASURING CUSTOMER‐BASED BRAND EQUITY FOR THE SARAJEVO BRAND................................................................. 33 Malcolm Duerod ......................................................................................................................................................... 33 Teoman Duman .......................................................................................................................................................... 33 Okai Ozbal ................................................................................................................................................................... 33 DETECTION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD USING BENEISH MODEL 34 Elvisa Buljubašić .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 34 MEASURING QUALITY OF SERVICES AT HEI: CASE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN B&H 35 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Amina Kahriman ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Ajdin Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Kemal Đug ................................................................................................................................................................... 35 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTING ISO 9001:2015 STANDARD AND ESG 2015 36 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 36 Esad Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Benjamin Muhamedbegović ...................................................................................................................................... 36 DIASPORAS AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVISM TO BUILD A MEMORIAL AT THE OMARSKA CONCENTRATION CAMP IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA ........... 37 Dženeta Karabegović .................................................................................................................................................. 37 220 �Maria Koinova............................................................................................................................................................. 37 AIMING FOR TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: DIASPORA MOBILIZATION TOWARDS YOUTH AND EDUCATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA....................................................................... 38 Dženeta Karabegović .................................................................................................................................................. 38 II PART: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences ......... 40 CLOUD COMPUTING THREATS CLASSIFICATION MODEL BASED ON THE DETECTION FEASIBILITY OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS ........................................................................ 41 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 41 SMART HOMES WITH VOICE ACTIVATED SYSTEMS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE 42 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 Bekir Busatlic .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 Isaac Lera .................................................................................................................................................................... 42 Enes Sukic ................................................................................................................................................................... 42 CLASSIFICATION OF ON-OFF STATES OF APPLIANCE CONSUMPTION SIGNATURES 43 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 Emir Salihagić .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 AN INNOVATIVE RFID-BASED SOLUTION TO SECURE PARKING SPOTS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED 44 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 44 Sami Miniaoui ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 Enes Sukić ................................................................................................................................................................... 44 REMAINING LIFETIME MODELING USING STATE-OF-HEALTH ESTIMATION 45 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 45 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT UTILIZATION FOR LIFETIME PROGNOSIS AND ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGY DEPLOYMENT OF WIND TURBINES: AN OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK CONCERNING ACTUAL METHODS, TOOLS, AND OBTAINED RESULTS .............................................................. 47 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 47 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 47 IMPLEMENTATION OF FREQUENCY-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF DAMAGES IN COMPOSITES USING REAL-TIME FPGABASED HARDWARE FRAMEWORK. IN PROCEEDING OF ASME49 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 49 221 �Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 49 Sebastian F. Wirtz ....................................................................................................................................................... 49 Adauto P. A. Cunha ..................................................................................................................................................... 49 INTEGRATED PROGNOSTIC MODEL FOR RUL ESTIMATION USING THRESHOLD OPTIMIZATION 50 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 50 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 50 Rosmawati Jihin .......................................................................................................................................................... 50 HEALTH SERVICE QUALITY MEASUREMENT FROM PATIENT REVIEWS IN TURKISH BY OPINION MINING 51 Zeynep Orhan ............................................................................................................................................................. 51 Elton Domnori............................................................................................................................................................. 51 Migena Ceyhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 51 E-MEDICAL TEST RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS’ SYMPTOMS AND ANAMNESES ............................................................................................... 52 Zeynep Orhan ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Elton Domnori............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Migena Ceyhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 52 CLOUD COMPUTING-BASED PARALLEL GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR GENE SELECTION IN CANCER CLASSIFICATION 53 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 53 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 53 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 53 SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS WEB APPLICATION ...................... 54 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 54 Bećir Isaković .............................................................................................................................................................. 54 SYN FLOOD ATTACK DETECTION IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE 55 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 55 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 55 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 55 Kemal Hajdarević ........................................................................................................................................................ 55 TRAINING NETWORK MANAGERS IN ETHICAL HACKING TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE RESOURCE STARVATION ATTACKS USING GNS3 SIMULATOR ..................................................... 56 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 56 222 �Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 Kemal Hajdarević ........................................................................................................................................................ 56 Indira Avdagić ............................................................................................................................................................. 56 Adna Kozić................................................................................................................................................................... 56 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE DETECTION USING RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER, COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE ................................................................... 57 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 57 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 57 AN EXTENDED MODEL OF A LEVEL AND FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM 58 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 58 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 58 MANAGEMENT OF THE POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS USING FUZZY LOGIC 59 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 59 Mirza Šarić .................................................................................................................................................................. 59 CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF UNCERTAINTY MODELLING METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS 60 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 60 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 Mirza Šarić .................................................................................................................................................................. 60 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION, DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM, AND WAVELET PACKED DECOMPOSITION FOR AUTOMATED EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION AND PREDICTION 61 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 61 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 61 Emina Alickovic ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 AN EFFECTIVE COMBINING CLASSIFIER APPROACH USING TREE ALGORITHMS FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION ............................................................................................... 62 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 62 Samed Jukić ................................................................................................................................................................ 62 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 62 COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION METHODS IN CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SIGNALS FOR MOTOR-IMAGERY BCI SYSTEM ................................................................................. 63 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 63 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 63 223 �EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION USING HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING METHODS 64 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 64 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 64 Abdullah Canbaz ......................................................................................................................................................... 64 WAVELET AND TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) FOR HEART SOUND PROCESSING AND IDENTIFICATION 65 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 65 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 65 Aiša Ramović ............................................................................................................................................................... 65 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 65 Emina Germović .......................................................................................................................................................... 65 HEART SOUNDS DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM (DWT) TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) ..................................................................... 66 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Adnan Hodžić .............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Adnan Fojnica ............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Ahmed Osmanović...................................................................................................................................................... 66 Layla Abdel-Ilah .......................................................................................................................................................... 66 OVARY CANCER DETECTION USING DECISION TREE CLASSIFIERS BASED ON HISTORICAL DATA OF OVARY CANCER PATIENTS ............................................................................... 67 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 67 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 67 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 67 Emir Džaferović ........................................................................................................................................................... 67 Sabahudin Vrtagić ....................................................................................................................................................... 67 Saeed Mian Qaisar ...................................................................................................................................................... 67 CRITERIA FOR SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION 68 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 68 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 68 Mehrija Hasičić ........................................................................................................................................................... 68 BERTHIL CEPSTRUM: A NOVEL VIBRATION ANALYSIS METHOD BASED ON MARGINAL HILBERT SPECTRUM APPLIED TO ARTIFICIAL MOTOR AGING ................................................... 69 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 69 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 69 224 �PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION 70 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 70 Mehrija Hasičić ........................................................................................................................................................... 70 APPLICATION OF TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR FOR THE POWER SYSTEM FAULT IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALISATION ............................................................................................... 71 Nejra Čišija-Kobilica .................................................................................................................................................... 71 Samir Avdaković ......................................................................................................................................................... 71 SENSOR NETWORK INFORMATION FLOW CONTROL METHOD WITH STATIC COORDINATOR WITHIN INTERNET OF THINGS IN SMART HOUSE ENVIRONMENT .......................... 72 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 72 Aleksejs Jurenoks ........................................................................................................................................................ 72 COORDINATOR ROLE MOBILITY METHOD FOR INCREASING THE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ............................................................................................... 73 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 73 Aleksejs Jurenoks ........................................................................................................................................................ 73 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTROLLERS FOR PUMA 560 ROBOT 74 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 74 Slobodan Lubura ......................................................................................................................................................... 74 CLOUD-BASED MOBILE PLATFORM FOR EEG SIGNAL ANALYSIS 75 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 75 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 75 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 75 Emir Džaferović ........................................................................................................................................................... 75 Sabahudin Vrtagić ....................................................................................................................................................... 75 Saeed Mian Qaisar ...................................................................................................................................................... 75 THE ABILITY OF WATER ACCUMULATION MODRAC TO BE SOURCE FOR DRINKING WATER 76 Ahmed El Sayed .......................................................................................................................................................... 76 Adnan Habibović ......................................................................................................................................................... 76 Jasmina Marić ............................................................................................................................................................. 76 REALNA PRIMJENLJIVOST EKOLOŠKI PRIHVATLJIVIH MATERIJALA I TEHNOLOGIJA U IZGRADNJI ENERGETSKI EFIKASNIH ZGRADA U BIH....................................................................... 77 Ahmed El Sayed .......................................................................................................................................................... 77 225 �Ismail Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 77 Fuad Ćatović................................................................................................................................................................ 77 EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE FOR WATER PENETRATION DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WWTP IN BIHAĆ 79 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 79 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 79 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 79 EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT ACCORDING TO EN 10002-1 80 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 80 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 80 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 80 APPLICATION OF CPR 305/2011 TO PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENTS 81 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 81 Emir Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 81 ACCREDITED LABORATORIES IN PROCESS OF INTRODUCING OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS TO EU MARKET 82 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 82 Emir Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 82 CARBON FIBERS - MATERIAL OF NEW POSSIBILITIES .......... 83 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 83 Aldin Mahmutović ...................................................................................................................................................... 83 EXPERIENCES IN TESTING OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO BAS EN 206:2014 84 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 84 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 84 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 84 CONCRETE CONSISTENCY TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO EN 206:2014 .................... 85 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 85 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 85 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85 INSULATION MATERIALS – REACTION TO FIRE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 86 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 86 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 86 226 �FIRE RESISTANCE OF THE STRAW BALE WALLS .................... 87 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 87 EARLY MUSEUMS AS SYMBOL OF NATIONAL IDENTITY...... 88 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 88 CROSSING SITELINES / TRAGUARDARE L’ADRIATICO (BOOK CHAPTER)89 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 89 ARS AEVI: LA CULTURA COME ARMA .................................. 90 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 90 APPLICATION OF THE MONITORING TOOLS FOR UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS .................................................... 91 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 91 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 91 COMPARISON OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND GANTT CHART APPROACH IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 92 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 92 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 92 Emir Bračković ............................................................................................................................................................ 92 Sarina Sabotić ............................................................................................................................................................. 92 USER – BASED APPROACH IN THE PLANNING AND CONFIGURATION OF LIVING SPACES 93 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 93 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 93 A REVIEW ON SHEARING OF SINGLE LIVING SPACE IN RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE 94 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 94 THE ENVIRONMENTAL AESTHETICS OF SARAJEVO: A CITY SHAPED BY MEMORY 95 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 95 Erna Husukić ............................................................................................................................................................... 95 BIO-BASED STUDENT PAVILION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 96 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 96 Maja Roso Popovac .................................................................................................................................................... 96 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 96 Ognjen Šukalo ............................................................................................................................................................. 96 Venera Vukašinović .................................................................................................................................................... 96 227 �PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIALS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE-BRICK HOUSE ...................................................... 97 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 Azra Korjenic ............................................................................................................................................................... 97 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE HOUSE ................................................................................... 98 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 Azra Korjenic ............................................................................................................................................................... 98 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 LOCAL, TRADITIONAL, NATURAL MATERIALS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE 99 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 99 APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN ............ 100 Layla Abdel-Ilah ........................................................................................................................................................ 100 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 100 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 100 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 100 GENOTYPE ASSOCIATION WITH SPORT ACTIVITY: THE IMPACT OF ACE AND ACTN3 GENE POLYMORPHISM ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE ................................................................... 101 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 101 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 101 Enisa Omanović Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 101 Alem Šečerović ......................................................................................................................................................... 101 TESTING OF ANESTHESIA MACHINES AND DEFIBRILLATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS 102 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 102 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 102 THE INFLUENCE OF ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) ON CANCER CELLS AND ITS ROLE IN THE CANCER TREATMENT 103 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 103 Enisa Omanović Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 103 Almedina Kozić ......................................................................................................................................................... 103 METHODS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT CELLS USING DIFFERENT STORAGE MEDIA 104 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 104 228 �Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 104 Sabina Halilović ......................................................................................................................................................... 104 Ahmed Osmanović.................................................................................................................................................... 104 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND DOCKING STUDY IN DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF XANTHENES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ............................................................................... 105 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 105 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 105 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 105 CLASSIFICATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS USING IMPLEMENTED EXPERT SYSTEM 106 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 106 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 106 Alma Badnjević-Čengić ............................................................................................................................................. 106 Maja Malenica .......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Tanja Dujić ................................................................................................................................................................ 106 Adlija Čaušević .......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Tamer Bego ............................................................................................................................................................... 106 PRE-CLASSIFICATION PROCESS SYMPTOMQUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC FOR PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST COST REDUCTION ............................................................... 107 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 107 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 107 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 107 Leandro Pecchia ........................................................................................................................................................ 107 CLASSIFICATION OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 109 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 109 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 109 Dijana Sejdinović ...................................................................................................................................................... 109 Maja Malenica .......................................................................................................................................................... 109 Tanja Dujić ................................................................................................................................................................ 109 Adlija Čaušević .......................................................................................................................................................... 109 Tamer Bego ............................................................................................................................................................... 109 Lejla Divović Mehmedović........................................................................................................................................ 109 229 �TESTING OF INFUSION PUMPS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 111 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 111 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 111 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 111 Zijad Džemić .............................................................................................................................................................. 111 TESTING OF DIALYSIS MACHINES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 112 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 112 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 112 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 112 Zijad Džemić .............................................................................................................................................................. 112 MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 113 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 113 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 113 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 113 PROPOSAL OF THE MONITORING AND EVALUATION APPROACH FOR COMMUNITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS .................................................. 114 Sanin Džidić ............................................................................................................................................................... 114 Emir Bračković .......................................................................................................................................................... 114 PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Β‐GLUCOSIDASE FROM BRASSICA OLERACEA 115 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 115 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 115 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 115 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 115 Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 115 META-ANALYSIS OF DEPLETED URANIUM LEVELS IN THE BALKAN REGION 116 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 116 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 116 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 116 Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 116 CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF DEPLETED URANIUM: THE EVIDENCE FROM IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES ............................................................................... 118 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 118 230 �Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 118 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 118 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 118 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 118 THE EFFECT OF LYSOZYME ON REDUCING BIOFILMS BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA, AND GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS: AN IN VITRO EXAMINATION.. 120 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 120 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 120 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 120 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 120 Amra Ramović ........................................................................................................................................................... 120 Dženita Šeljmo .......................................................................................................................................................... 120 Jasna Hukić................................................................................................................................................................ 120 A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.......................... 122 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 122 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 122 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 122 Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović ........................................................................................................................... 122 HETEROLEPTIC RUTHENIUM BIOFLAVONOID COMPLEXES: FROM SYNTHESIS TO IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY 123 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 123 Adnan Zahirović ........................................................................................................................................................ 123 Emira Kahrović .......................................................................................................................................................... 123 Marina Cindrić .......................................................................................................................................................... 123 Sandra Kraljević Pavelić ............................................................................................................................................ 123 Anja Harej ................................................................................................................................................................. 123 Emir Turkušić ............................................................................................................................................................ 123 T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN A CLINICAL COURSE OF CHICKENPOX 125 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 125 Rusmir Baljić ............................................................................................................................................................. 125 Hadžan Konjo ............................................................................................................................................................ 125 Dženana Hrustemović............................................................................................................................................... 125 231 �Belma Gazibera ......................................................................................................................................................... 125 Amela Katica ............................................................................................................................................................. 125 A FUZZY MODEL TO PREDICT RISK OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION 127 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 127 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 127 Günay Karlı................................................................................................................................................................ 127 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 127 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 127 A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF B-IOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.......................... 129 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 129 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 129 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 129 Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović ........................................................................................................................... 129 RECOGNIZING THE POSSIBILITY OF BIOTERRORISM IN THE FACE OF EMERGING AND REEMERGING ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA DURING THE WAR (1992-1995) 130 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 130 Sead Ahmetagić ........................................................................................................................................................ 130 Nijaz Tihić .................................................................................................................................................................. 130 Nermina Mehinović .................................................................................................................................................. 130 Denijal Tulumović ..................................................................................................................................................... 130 Mirza Ponjavić .......................................................................................................................................................... 130 Paul Heyman ............................................................................................................................................................. 130 CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CONVENTIONAL KARYOTYPE AND QF-PCR IN DETECTION OF FETAL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES ................................................................. 132 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 132 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 132 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 132 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 132 Alma Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................. 132 SURVEY OF LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD IN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 AND 4 LABORATORIES ............................................................................................. 133 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 133 232 �CHARACTERISTICS OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS IN THE WEST BALKANS: A FIRST REPORT ............................................................................................. 134 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 134 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 134 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 134 Borka Tutiš ................................................................................................................................................................ 134 Sanja Jakovac ............................................................................................................................................................ 134 Maja Ostojić .............................................................................................................................................................. 134 PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................... 136 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 136 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 136 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 136 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 136 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 136 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 136 Gurkan Dogan ........................................................................................................................................................... 136 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES WITHIN A NEW GENERATION OF CARBAPENEMRESISTANT ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS-A. BAUMANNII COMPLEX RESISTOTYPES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................. 138 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 138 Aydın Çöl ................................................................................................................................................................... 138 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................. 138 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................. 138 EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE OF THE MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................... 139 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 139 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................. 139 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................. 139 Sead Ahmetagić ........................................................................................................................................................ 139 Nijaz Tihić .................................................................................................................................................................. 139 DETECTION OF PUUMALA VIRUS IN THE TISSUE OF INFECTED NATURALLY RODENT HOSTS IN THE AREA OF CENTRAL DINARIDES .......................................................................... 141 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 141 233 �Edina Zahirović.......................................................................................................................................................... 141 GENOMIC ANALYSES INFORM ON MIGRATION EVENTS DURING THE PEOPLING OF EURASIA 142 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 142 MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF 23 Y-CHROMOSOME SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF TUZLA CANTON ............................................................................................. 143 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 143 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 143 Jasmina Hindija Čakar ............................................................................................................................................... 143 Naida Babić ............................................................................................................................................................... 143 Amela Pilav ............................................................................................................................................................... 143 Vesna Hadžiavdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 143 Y-CHROMOSOMAL HAPLOGROUP DISTRIBUTION IN THE TUZLA CANTON OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: A CONCORDANCE STUDY USING FOUR DIFFERENT IN SILICO ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS BASED ON Y-STR DATA 145 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 145 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 145 Cemal Gurkan ........................................................................................................................................................... 145 Naida Babić ............................................................................................................................................................... 145 Vesna Hadžiavdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 145 Ali Göksu ................................................................................................................................................................... 145 DNA IDENTIFICATION OF COMMINGLED HUMAN REMAINS FROM THE CEMETERY RELOCATED BY FLOODING IN CENTRAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA............................... 147 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 147 Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN THE BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN POPULATION BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI 148 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 148 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 148 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 148 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 148 Gurkan Dogan ........................................................................................................................................................... 148 ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF 15 STR LOI IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 150 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 150 Amela Pilav ............................................................................................................................................................... 150 Naris Pojskić .............................................................................................................................................................. 150 Anesa Ahatović ......................................................................................................................................................... 150 234 �Mirela Džehverović ................................................................................................................................................... 150 Jasmina Čakar ........................................................................................................................................................... 150 AN EXAMINATION OF GROWTH ACCELERATION TRENDS WITHIN A MALE POPULATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BETWEEN THE 19TH AND 21ST CENTURIES ....................... 152 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 152 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 152 Rifat Hadžiselimović ................................................................................................................................................. 152 Elma Mrehić .............................................................................................................................................................. 152 MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY ............................................................................................. 153 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 153 DETECTION OF CYTOSINE AND CPG DENSITY IN PROTO-ONCOGENES AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN PROMOTER SEQUENCES OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA ..................... 154 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 154 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 154 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 154 PREVALENCE OF F5 1691G> A, F2 20210G> A, AND MTHFR 677C> T POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS ............................................................... 155 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 155 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 155 DIVERSITY OF Y-CHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA IVERSITY OF Y-CHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA MARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN ARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN TWO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA WO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA............................................................ 156 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 156 CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD ............................................................................................. 157 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 157 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 157 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 157 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 157 Senol Doğan .............................................................................................................................................................. 157 Nilay Nalcaci ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 235 �DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE .................................................... 159 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 159 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 159 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 159 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 159 CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 160 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 160 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 160 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 160 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 160 POLYMORPHISMS OF 1691G> A AND 4070A> G FV IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS 161 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 161 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 161 Emir Mahmutbegović ............................................................................................................................................... 161 Nevena Mahmutbegović .......................................................................................................................................... 161 Grażyna Adler ........................................................................................................................................................... 161 Ewa Czerska .............................................................................................................................................................. 161 Edin Međedović ........................................................................................................................................................ 161 Anna Pawińska-Matecka .......................................................................................................................................... 161 NETWORK ANALYSIS ON Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN WESTERN BALKAN POPULATIONS 163 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 163 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 163 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 163 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 163 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 163 COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE ISOLATED BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVININA AND SLOVENIAN POPULATIONS ..................................................................... 165 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 165 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 165 Hadžić-Metjahić, N. .................................................................................................................................................. 165 Vidović, M. ................................................................................................................................................................ 165 236 �Čakar, J. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 165 Džehverović, M. ........................................................................................................................................................ 165 Pilav, A ...................................................................................................................................................................... 165 ALLELE FREQUENCIES AND GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR 15 STR LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................... 167 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 167 Čakar, J. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Džehverović, M. ........................................................................................................................................................ 167 Pilav, A ...................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Pojskić, N................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Ahatović, A. ............................................................................................................................................................... 167 AN INVESTIGATION ON THE PATERNAL LINEAGES OF THE NORTHERN IRAQ TURKMENS 169 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 169 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 169 Balkaya, HE. .............................................................................................................................................................. 169 Gurkan, C. ................................................................................................................................................................. 169 Dogan, M................................................................................................................................................................... 169 Tunc, R. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 169 DIVERSITY OF ACE AND ACTN3 POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN POPULATIONS 170 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 170 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 170 Ćenanović, M ............................................................................................................................................................ 170 TEN-YEAR TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL AGE AND PRENATAL SCREENING ....................................... 171 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 171 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 171 THE COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN GENERIC AND BRANDED IMATINIB IN ACHIEVEMENT OF OVERALL SURVIVAL AND CYTOGENETIC RESPONSES IN CML PATIENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 172 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 172 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 172 Jerald P. Radich ......................................................................................................................................................... 172 Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic ....................................................................................................................................... 172 Azra Hasic .................................................................................................................................................................. 172 237 �Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 172 THE EFFICACY OF GENERIC IMATINIB AS FIRST-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY: 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA ........................................... 174 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 174 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 174 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 174 Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic ....................................................................................................................................... 174 Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 174 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 174 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 174 A NOVEL CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RENAL METANEPHRIC ADENOMA: IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNER GENES INVOLVED IN TRANSLOCATION T(9; 15)(P24; Q24) 176 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 176 THE THREE YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF CML PATIENTS TREATED WITH FIRST-LINE GENERIC AND FIRST-LINE BRANDED IMATINIB IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ......................... 177 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 177 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 177 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 177 Emina Suljovć Hadžimešić ........................................................................................................................................ 177 Sabira Kurtović .......................................................................................................................................................... 177 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 177 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 177 THE ROLE OF GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN THE DETECTION OF EARLY-STAGE ORAL MALIGNANCIES–A REVIEW ............................................................................................. 178 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 178 Naida Hadžiabdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 178 Halid Sulejmanagic ................................................................................................................................................... 178 LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF GIST PATIENTS TREATED WITH DELAYED IMATINIB THERAPY 179 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 179 Leila Keškić ................................................................................................................................................................ 179 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Amina Kugić .............................................................................................................................................................. 179 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 179 238 �Anes Pašić ................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Nermina Ibišević ....................................................................................................................................................... 179 LACK OF ACCESS TO TARGETED CANCER TREATMENT MODALITIES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD IN THE ERA OF PRECISION MEDICINE: REAL-LIFE LESSONS FROM BOSNIA 181 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 181 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 181 Semir Vranić .............................................................................................................................................................. 181 Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 181 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 181 Nermir Granov .......................................................................................................................................................... 181 THE FREQUENCY OF A NOVEL KANK1 AND NTRK3 TRANSLOCATION AND BRAFV600E MUTATION IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH METANEPHRIC ADENOMA UTILIZING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS 182 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 182 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 182 Aida Ćatić .................................................................................................................................................................. 182 Ardis Sophian ............................................................................................................................................................ 182 Lech Mazur ................................................................................................................................................................ 182 Dinesh Rakheja ......................................................................................................................................................... 182 LONG TERM EFFICACY OF NILOTINIB AS FRONT-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: REAL LIFE EXPERIENCE......................................................................... 184 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 184 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 184 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 184 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 184 Sabira Kurtović .......................................................................................................................................................... 184 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 184 FRONT-LINE NILOTINIB IS A BETTER CHOICE THAN FRONT-LINE IMATINIB FOR CML PATIENTS WITH DELAYED TREATMENT: 11 YEAR FOLLOW-UP .................................... 186 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 186 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 186 SILICON NANOWIRES SUBSTRATES FABRICATION FOR ULTRA-SENSITIVE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SENSORS.............................................................................. 188 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 188 239 �Hrvoje Gebavi ........................................................................................................................................................... 188 Lara Mikac ................................................................................................................................................................. 188 Marijan Marciuš........................................................................................................................................................ 188 Mile Šikic ................................................................................................................................................................... 188 Vlasta Mohaček-Grošev ........................................................................................................................................... 188 Tibor Janči ................................................................................................................................................................. 188 Sanja Vidaćek ............................................................................................................................................................ 188 Emina Hasanspahić ................................................................................................................................................... 188 Mile Ivanda ............................................................................................................................................................... 189 DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CHEMILUMINESCENCE BIOSENSORS FOR DETERMINATION OF BIOGENIC AMINES IN MEAT ............................................................................................. 190 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 190 Sandro Valzacchi ....................................................................................................................................................... 190 OVERVIEW OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING PLATFORMS USED IN PUBLISHED DRAFT PLANT GENOMES IN LIGHT OF GENOTYPIZATION OF IMMORTELLE PLANT (HELICHRYSIUM ARENARIUM) 191 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 191 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 191 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 191 NANOMATERIALS IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY WITH EMPHASIS ON APPLICATION IN MODERN MEDICINE 193 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 193 Mirjana Maksimović ................................................................................................................................................. 193 APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL SURFACE ADSORPTION INDEX APPROACH (BSAI) IN CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND BIOMOLECULES 194 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 194 Tarik Husremović ...................................................................................................................................................... 194 Alma Jakupović ......................................................................................................................................................... 194 Anes Omerbašić ........................................................................................................................................................ 194 DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF AMINO ACID ADSORBED ON NANOPARTICLE SURFACE ............................................................................................. 195 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 195 Adnan Fojnica ........................................................................................................................................................... 195 Sabina Halilović ......................................................................................................................................................... 195 Džana Mulaomerović................................................................................................................................................ 195 240 �Amra Dorić ................................................................................................................................................................ 195 Belma Alispahić ........................................................................................................................................................ 195 APPLICATION OF ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY IN EVALUATION OF PROTEIN–NANOPARTICLE INTERACTIONS ............................................................................................. 197 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 197 APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FOOD PACKAGING198 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 198 Džana Mulaomerović................................................................................................................................................ 198 Amra Dorić ................................................................................................................................................................ 198 Ivana Vinković-Vrček ................................................................................................................................................ 198 Mirjana Maksimović ................................................................................................................................................. 198 INSPECTION PROCESS OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS: SOFTWARE SOLUTION 199 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 199 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 199 TESTING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATORS AND INFANT INCUBATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS 200 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 200 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 200 Jimenez ER ................................................................................................................................................................ 200 Iadanza E ................................................................................................................................................................... 200 APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN ............ 201 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 201 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 201 Layla Abdel-Ilah ........................................................................................................................................................ 201 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 201 TELEMETRY SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA AND CHRONICAL OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) 202 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 202 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 202 Eldar Granulo ............................................................................................................................................................ 202 Lejla Bećar ................................................................................................................................................................. 202 TESTING OF THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 203 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 203 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 203 241 �Alma Jakupović ......................................................................................................................................................... 203 Elvira Ruiz Jimenez.................................................................................................................................................... 203 A DISSIMILAR APPROACH TO ASSOCIATING ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD 204 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 204 Hacer Konaklı ............................................................................................................................................................ 204 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 204 Indira Özçoban .......................................................................................................................................................... 204 NEW POSSIBLE TARGETABLE GENES FOR FUTURE TREATMENT OF MIXED LINEAGE LEUKEMIA 206 Senol Doğan .............................................................................................................................................................. 206 III PART: Faculty of Education ............................................ 207 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE .......................................................................... 208 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 208 WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN EFL CONTEXT ............................................................................................. 209 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 209 Emina Rizvić .............................................................................................................................................................. 209 SOCRATIC METHOD AS AN APPROACH TO TEACHING ...... 210 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 210 THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING STYLES IN THE EFL CLASSROOM 211 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 211 Lejla Žunić-Rizvić ....................................................................................................................................................... 211 USE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS AND L1 IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING CLASSROOMS IN B&H 212 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 212 Nađa Skopljak ........................................................................................................................................................... 212 STUDENTS’ AND TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON SKILLS ACQUISITION AND ERROR CORRECTION TREATMENT IN BOSNIAN EFL CONTEXT ....................................................................... 213 Vildana Dubravac...................................................................................................................................................... 213 Senija Ogrić - Kevrić .................................................................................................................................................. 213 THE ASSESSMENT OF BOSNIAN EFL LEARNERS’ KNOWLEDGE BY TWO DIFFERENT MEASURES: TEST AND WRITING ASSIGNMEN ........................................................................ 214 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 214 242 �Ana Tankosić ............................................................................................................................................................. 214 CARYL PHILLIPS AND THE RHIZOMORPHOUS GAZE: A GEOPHILOSOPHICAL READING OF CROSSING THE RIVER 215 Ibrahim Murat Oner ................................................................................................................................................. 215 BÂKİ’NİN “CÂN” REDİFLİ GAZELİNİN ŞERHİ VE YAPISALCILIK AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ 216 Lokman Gözcü........................................................................................................................................................... 216 I PART: Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences................... 2 IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 3 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 3 IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING CAPABILITY AND ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 4 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Nereida Hadžiahmetović .............................................................................................................................................. 4 EFFECTS OF ISO 9001 EFFECTIVENESS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF EXPORTING COMPANIES: REVIEW AND A PROPOSED MODEL ................................................................. 5 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 5 IMPACT OF CARING CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ....... 6 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 6 Vesna Plakalović ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 THE YOUTH'S PERCEPTION OF MIGRATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 7 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Kanita Jahić ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Šejla Kočan .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NON-MONETARY INCENTIVES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION: A CASE OF CIVIL SERVICE EMPLOYEES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA.. 8 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 8 Emir Srna ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB SATISFACTION, AND AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT RELATIONSHIP IN THE SHOES MANUFACTURING SECTOR .................................................................................... 9 243 �Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................... 9 Mehmet Gencouglu ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 HOW DO ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONALS PERCEIVE WHISTLEBLOWING REASONS AND WHISTLEBLOWING PREFERENCES ............................................................................................... 10 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Cemil Kuzey ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 Bedia Atalay ................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Ali Haydar Gungormus ............................................................................................................................................... 10 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR IN HIGHER EDUCATION (BOOK) 11 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 11 FORENSIC ACCOUNTING AS A SOLUTION TO MANIPULATIVE ACCOUNTING OF SME’S IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................... 12 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 Anida Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Alma Hurić .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 BACKTESTING VALUE AT RISK FORECAST: THE CASE OF KUPIEC POF-TEST 13 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 Mia Vehabović ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 USAGE OF DERIVATIVES IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 14 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 Anida Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................ 14 BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EMERGING MARKETS: THE CASE ON BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ................................................ 15 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Amra Halaba ............................................................................................................................................................... 15 Erkan Ilguen ................................................................................................................................................................ 15 A RESEARCH REVIEW OF MOTIVATION-ENHANCING OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES 16 Muhammet Sait Dinc .................................................................................................................................................. 16 Nereida Hadžiahmetović ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Kanita Jahić ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REVIEW OF WHAT WAS STUDIED AND WHERE WAS RESEARCHED ............................................................................................... 17 Nereida Hadžiahmetović ............................................................................................................................................ 17 244 �SISTEM PREVENCIJE MALOLJETNIČKOG PRESTUPNIŠTVA I KRIVIČNO-PRAVNIH MJERA ZA MALOLJETNE IZVRŠIOCE KRIVIČNIH DJELA U ČESKOJ REPUBLICI ................................ 18 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 18 PRAVOSUDNI AKTIVIZAM U PRAKSI EVROPSKOG SUDA PRAVDE I UTICAJ NA SUVERENITET DRŽAVA ČLANICA EU, PRAVNA MISAO, FEDERALNO MINISTARSTVO PRAVDE - LEGAL THOUGHT 1-2/16, FEDERAL MINISTRY OF JUSTICE, SARAJEVO ............................................................................. 19 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 19 LEGAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HOLOCAUST IN THE VISEGRAD (V4) COUNTRIES (BOOK) 20 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 20 DUAL CITIZENSHIP AND YOUTH IDENTITY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) 21 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Nicholas Micinski ........................................................................................................................................................ 21 THE INFLUENCES OF DAYTON AGREEMENT ON INSTITUTIONS: LEGISLATURES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (CHAPTER IN BOOK) ............................................................................... 22 Jasmin Hasić ................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Nedim Kulenović ......................................................................................................................................................... 22 ETHNIC MOBILIZATION, VIOLENCE AND THE POLITICS OF AFFECT: SERB DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE BOSNIAN WAR (BOOK) .................................................................................. 23 Adis Maksić ................................................................................................................................................................. 23 A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CREDIT RISK ASSESMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN TURKEY 24 Olcay Erdoğan ............................................................................................................................................................. 24 Zafer Konakli ............................................................................................................................................................... 24 Adnan Hodžić .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL CAPITAL ON DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS 25 Natasa Tandir .............................................................................................................................................................. 25 Merdzana Obralić ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 EXPLORING ISLAMIC INDICES IN THE GREAT RECESSION (CHAPTER IN BOOK) 26 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 Harun Sencal ............................................................................................................................................................... 26 OPTIMAL CONTROL OF THE MACROECONOMY WITH THE APPLICATION TO 2001 CRISIS OF TURKEY 27 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 27 EFFECT OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON GDP IN THE TURKISH ECONOMY 28 Mehmet Orhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 245 �Esraq Simsek ............................................................................................................................................................... 28 Fatih Macit .................................................................................................................................................................. 28 THE IMPACT OF EWOM IN SOCIAL MEDIA ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS 29 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 Merve Turkyilmaz ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 STUDY ON CLIENT - SATISFACTION FACTORS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, EUROPEAN 30 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 30 Meliha Duljević ........................................................................................................................................................... 30 WIN – WIN FACTORS OF HIGH-END PERFUME PACKAGING THAT LEAD TO PURCHASE DECISION 31 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 31 Zumreta Redžović ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION ON BRAND EQUITY AND BRAND PURCHASE INTENTION: A CASE STUDY ON DOMESTIC BRANDS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA .... 32 Mersid Poturak ........................................................................................................................................................... 32 Sumeja Softić .............................................................................................................................................................. 32 THE ROLE OF AFFECTIVE FACTORS ON BRAND RESONANCE: MEASURING CUSTOMER‐BASED BRAND EQUITY FOR THE SARAJEVO BRAND................................................................. 33 Malcolm Duerod ......................................................................................................................................................... 33 Teoman Duman .......................................................................................................................................................... 33 Okai Ozbal ................................................................................................................................................................... 33 DETECTION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD USING BENEISH MODEL 34 Elvisa Buljubašić .......................................................................................................................................................... 34 Sanel Halilbegović ....................................................................................................................................................... 34 MEASURING QUALITY OF SERVICES AT HEI: CASE OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN B&H 35 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Amina Kahriman ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Ajdin Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 Kemal Đug ................................................................................................................................................................... 35 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTING ISO 9001:2015 STANDARD AND ESG 2015 36 Ensar Mekić ................................................................................................................................................................. 36 Esad Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Benjamin Muhamedbegović ...................................................................................................................................... 36 246 �DIASPORAS AND TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: TRANSNATIONAL ACTIVISM TO BUILD A MEMORIAL AT THE OMARSKA CONCENTRATION CAMP IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA ........... 37 Dženeta Karabegović .................................................................................................................................................. 37 Maria Koinova............................................................................................................................................................. 37 AIMING FOR TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: DIASPORA MOBILIZATION TOWARDS YOUTH AND EDUCATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA....................................................................... 38 Dženeta Karabegović .................................................................................................................................................. 38 II PART: Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences ......... 40 CLOUD COMPUTING THREATS CLASSIFICATION MODEL BASED ON THE DETECTION FEASIBILITY OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS ........................................................................ 41 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 41 SMART HOMES WITH VOICE ACTIVATED SYSTEMS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE 42 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 Bekir Busatlic .............................................................................................................................................................. 42 Isaac Lera .................................................................................................................................................................... 42 Enes Sukic ................................................................................................................................................................... 42 CLASSIFICATION OF ON-OFF STATES OF APPLIANCE CONSUMPTION SIGNATURES 43 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 Emir Salihagić .............................................................................................................................................................. 43 AN INNOVATIVE RFID-BASED SOLUTION TO SECURE PARKING SPOTS FOR PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED 44 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 44 Sami Miniaoui ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 Enes Sukić ................................................................................................................................................................... 44 REMAINING LIFETIME MODELING USING STATE-OF-HEALTH ESTIMATION 45 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 45 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT UTILIZATION FOR LIFETIME PROGNOSIS AND ADVANCED CONTROL STRATEGY DEPLOYMENT OF WIND TURBINES: AN OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK CONCERNING ACTUAL METHODS, TOOLS, AND OBTAINED RESULTS .............................................................. 47 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 47 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 47 247 �IMPLEMENTATION OF FREQUENCY-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF DAMAGES IN COMPOSITES USING REAL-TIME FPGABASED HARDWARE FRAMEWORK. IN PROCEEDING OF ASME49 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 49 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 49 Sebastian F. Wirtz ....................................................................................................................................................... 49 Adauto P. A. Cunha ..................................................................................................................................................... 49 INTEGRATED PROGNOSTIC MODEL FOR RUL ESTIMATION USING THRESHOLD OPTIMIZATION 50 Nejra Beganović .......................................................................................................................................................... 50 Dirk Söffker ................................................................................................................................................................. 50 Rosmawati Jihin .......................................................................................................................................................... 50 HEALTH SERVICE QUALITY MEASUREMENT FROM PATIENT REVIEWS IN TURKISH BY OPINION MINING 51 Zeynep Orhan ............................................................................................................................................................. 51 Elton Domnori............................................................................................................................................................. 51 Migena Ceyhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 51 E-MEDICAL TEST RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS’ SYMPTOMS AND ANAMNESES ............................................................................................... 52 Zeynep Orhan ............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Elton Domnori............................................................................................................................................................. 52 Migena Ceyhan ........................................................................................................................................................... 52 CLOUD COMPUTING-BASED PARALLEL GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR GENE SELECTION IN CANCER CLASSIFICATION 53 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 53 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 53 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 53 SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYSIS WEB APPLICATION ...................... 54 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 54 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 54 Bećir Isaković .............................................................................................................................................................. 54 SYN FLOOD ATTACK DETECTION IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE 55 Dino Kečo .................................................................................................................................................................... 55 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 55 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 55 Kemal Hajdarević ........................................................................................................................................................ 55 248 �TRAINING NETWORK MANAGERS IN ETHICAL HACKING TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE RESOURCE STARVATION ATTACKS USING GNS3 SIMULATOR ..................................................... 56 Nejdet Dogru .............................................................................................................................................................. 56 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 Kemal Hajdarević ........................................................................................................................................................ 56 Indira Avdagić ............................................................................................................................................................. 56 Adna Kozić................................................................................................................................................................... 56 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE DETECTION USING RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER, COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE ................................................................... 57 Zerina Mašetić ............................................................................................................................................................ 57 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 57 AN EXTENDED MODEL OF A LEVEL AND FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM 58 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 58 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 58 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 58 MANAGEMENT OF THE POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK RECONSTRUCTION PROCESS USING FUZZY LOGIC 59 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 59 Mirza Šarić .................................................................................................................................................................. 59 CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF UNCERTAINTY MODELLING METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS 60 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 60 Jasna Hivziefendić ....................................................................................................................................................... 60 Mirza Šarić .................................................................................................................................................................. 60 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF EMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITION, DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM, AND WAVELET PACKED DECOMPOSITION FOR AUTOMATED EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION AND PREDICTION 61 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 61 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 61 Emina Alickovic ........................................................................................................................................................... 61 AN EFFECTIVE COMBINING CLASSIFIER APPROACH USING TREE ALGORITHMS FOR NETWORK INTRUSION DETECTION ............................................................................................... 62 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 62 Samed Jukić ................................................................................................................................................................ 62 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 62 249 �COMPARISON OF SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION METHODS IN CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SIGNALS FOR MOTOR-IMAGERY BCI SYSTEM ................................................................................. 63 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 63 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 63 EPILEPTIC SEIZURE DETECTION USING HYBRID MACHINE LEARNING METHODS 64 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 64 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 64 Abdullah Canbaz ......................................................................................................................................................... 64 WAVELET AND TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) FOR HEART SOUND PROCESSING AND IDENTIFICATION 65 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 65 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 65 Aiša Ramović ............................................................................................................................................................... 65 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 65 Emina Germović .......................................................................................................................................................... 65 HEART SOUNDS DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM (DWT) TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR (TEO) CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) ..................................................................... 66 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Adnan Hodžić .............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Adnan Fojnica ............................................................................................................................................................. 66 Ahmed Osmanović...................................................................................................................................................... 66 Layla Abdel-Ilah .......................................................................................................................................................... 66 OVARY CANCER DETECTION USING DECISION TREE CLASSIFIERS BASED ON HISTORICAL DATA OF OVARY CANCER PATIENTS ............................................................................... 67 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 67 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 67 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 67 Emir Džaferović ........................................................................................................................................................... 67 Sabahudin Vrtagić ....................................................................................................................................................... 67 Saeed Mian Qaisar ...................................................................................................................................................... 67 CRITERIA FOR SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION 68 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 68 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 68 Mehrija Hasičić ........................................................................................................................................................... 68 250 �BERTHIL CEPSTRUM: A NOVEL VIBRATION ANALYSIS METHOD BASED ON MARGINAL HILBERT SPECTRUM APPLIED TO ARTIFICIAL MOTOR AGING ................................................... 69 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 69 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 69 PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR CAR OPTIMIZED ROUTE ESTIMATION70 Harun Šiljak ................................................................................................................................................................. 70 Damir Bilić ................................................................................................................................................................... 70 Mehrija Hasičić ........................................................................................................................................................... 70 APPLICATION OF TEAGER ENERGY OPERATOR FOR THE POWER SYSTEM FAULT IDENTIFICATION AND LOCALISATION ............................................................................................... 71 Nejra Čišija-Kobilica .................................................................................................................................................... 71 Samir Avdaković ......................................................................................................................................................... 71 SENSOR NETWORK INFORMATION FLOW CONTROL METHOD WITH STATIC COORDINATOR WITHIN INTERNET OF THINGS IN SMART HOUSE ENVIRONMENT .......................... 72 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 72 Aleksejs Jurenoks ........................................................................................................................................................ 72 COORDINATOR ROLE MOBILITY METHOD FOR INCREASING THE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ............................................................................................... 73 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 73 Aleksejs Jurenoks ........................................................................................................................................................ 73 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CONTROLLERS FOR PUMA 560 ROBOT 74 Dejan Jokić .................................................................................................................................................................. 74 Slobodan Lubura ......................................................................................................................................................... 74 CLOUD-BASED MOBILE PLATFORM FOR EEG SIGNAL ANALYSIS 75 Jasmin Kevrić .............................................................................................................................................................. 75 Lejla Bandić ................................................................................................................................................................. 75 Abdulhamit Subasi...................................................................................................................................................... 75 Emir Džaferović ........................................................................................................................................................... 75 Sabahudin Vrtagić ....................................................................................................................................................... 75 Saeed Mian Qaisar ...................................................................................................................................................... 75 THE ABILITY OF WATER ACCUMULATION MODRAC TO BE SOURCE FOR DRINKING WATER 76 Ahmed El Sayed .......................................................................................................................................................... 76 Adnan Habibović ......................................................................................................................................................... 76 251 �Jasmina Marić ............................................................................................................................................................. 76 REALNA PRIMJENLJIVOST EKOLOŠKI PRIHVATLJIVIH MATERIJALA I TEHNOLOGIJA U IZGRADNJI ENERGETSKI EFIKASNIH ZGRADA U BIH....................................................................... 77 Ahmed El Sayed .......................................................................................................................................................... 77 Ismail Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 77 Fuad Ćatović................................................................................................................................................................ 77 EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE FOR WATER PENETRATION DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WWTP IN BIHAĆ 79 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 79 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 79 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 79 EXPERIENCE IN TESTING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT ACCORDING TO EN 10002-1 80 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 80 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 80 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 80 APPLICATION OF CPR 305/2011 TO PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENTS 81 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 81 Emir Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 81 ACCREDITED LABORATORIES IN PROCESS OF INTRODUCING OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS TO EU MARKET 82 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 82 Emir Bajramović .......................................................................................................................................................... 82 CARBON FIBERS - MATERIAL OF NEW POSSIBILITIES .......... 83 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 83 Aldin Mahmutović ...................................................................................................................................................... 83 EXPERIENCES IN TESTING OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE DURING CONSTRUCTION OF WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO BAS EN 206:2014 84 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 84 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 84 Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 84 CONCRETE CONSISTENCY TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION OF THE WASTE WATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT PLANT IN BIHAĆ ACCORDING TO EN 206:2014 .................... 85 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 85 Sabina Kozlica ............................................................................................................................................................. 85 252 �Ena Čehić ..................................................................................................................................................................... 85 INSULATION MATERIALS – REACTION TO FIRE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 86 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 86 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 86 FIRE RESISTANCE OF THE STRAW BALE WALLS.................... 87 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 87 EARLY MUSEUMS AS SYMBOL OF NATIONAL IDENTITY...... 88 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 88 CROSSING SITELINES / TRAGUARDARE L’ADRIATICO (BOOK CHAPTER)89 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 89 ARS AEVI: LA CULTURA COME ARMA .................................. 90 Lejla Odobašić Novo ................................................................................................................................................... 90 APPLICATION OF THE MONITORING TOOLS FOR UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS .................................................... 91 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 91 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 91 COMPARISON OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND GANTT CHART APPROACH IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT ..................................................................... 92 Sanin Džidić ................................................................................................................................................................. 92 Omar Kapetanović ...................................................................................................................................................... 92 Emir Bračković ............................................................................................................................................................ 92 Sarina Sabotić ............................................................................................................................................................. 92 USER – BASED APPROACH IN THE PLANNING AND CONFIGURATION OF LIVING SPACES 93 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 93 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 93 A REVIEW ON SHEARING OF SINGLE LIVING SPACE IN RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE 94 Adnan Novalić ............................................................................................................................................................. 94 THE ENVIRONMENTAL AESTHETICS OF SARAJEVO: A CITY SHAPED BY MEMORY 95 Emina Zejnilović .......................................................................................................................................................... 95 Erna Husukić ............................................................................................................................................................... 95 BIO-BASED STUDENT PAVILION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 96 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 96 253 �Maja Roso Popovac .................................................................................................................................................... 96 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 96 Ognjen Šukalo ............................................................................................................................................................. 96 Venera Vukašinović .................................................................................................................................................... 96 PROPERTIES OF BUILDING MATERIALS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE-BRICK HOUSE ...................................................... 97 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 Azra Korjenic ............................................................................................................................................................... 97 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 97 ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND COST OF BIO-BASED HOUSE VERSUS CONCRETE HOUSE ................................................................................... 98 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 Azra Korjenic ............................................................................................................................................................... 98 Elma Krasny ................................................................................................................................................................ 98 LOCAL, TRADITIONAL, NATURAL MATERIALS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE 99 Sanela Klarić ................................................................................................................................................................ 99 APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN ............ 100 Layla Abdel-Ilah ........................................................................................................................................................ 100 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 100 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 100 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 100 GENOTYPE ASSOCIATION WITH SPORT ACTIVITY: THE IMPACT OF ACE AND ACTN3 GENE POLYMORPHISM ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE ................................................................... 101 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 101 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 101 Enisa Omanović Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 101 Alem Šečerović ......................................................................................................................................................... 101 TESTING OF ANESTHESIA MACHINES AND DEFIBRILLATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS 102 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 102 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 102 THE INFLUENCE OF ERYTHROPOIETIN (EPO) ON CANCER CELLS AND ITS ROLE IN THE CANCER TREATMENT 103 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 103 254 �Enisa Omanović Mikličanin ...................................................................................................................................... 103 Almedina Kozić ......................................................................................................................................................... 103 METHODS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT CELLS USING DIFFERENT STORAGE MEDIA 104 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 104 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 104 Sabina Halilović ......................................................................................................................................................... 104 Ahmed Osmanović.................................................................................................................................................... 104 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND DOCKING STUDY IN DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF XANTHENES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS ............................................................................... 105 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 105 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 105 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 105 CLASSIFICATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME PATIENTS USING IMPLEMENTED EXPERT SYSTEM 106 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 106 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 106 Alma Badnjević-Čengić ............................................................................................................................................. 106 Maja Malenica .......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Tanja Dujić ................................................................................................................................................................ 106 Adlija Čaušević .......................................................................................................................................................... 106 Tamer Bego ............................................................................................................................................................... 106 PRE-CLASSIFICATION PROCESS SYMPTOMQUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC FOR PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST COST REDUCTION ............................................................... 107 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 107 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 107 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 107 Leandro Pecchia ........................................................................................................................................................ 107 CLASSIFICATION OF PREDIABETES AND TYPE 2 DIABETES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 109 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 109 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 109 Dijana Sejdinović ...................................................................................................................................................... 109 Maja Malenica .......................................................................................................................................................... 109 255 �Tanja Dujić ................................................................................................................................................................ 109 Adlija Čaušević .......................................................................................................................................................... 109 Tamer Bego ............................................................................................................................................................... 109 Lejla Divović Mehmedović........................................................................................................................................ 109 TESTING OF INFUSION PUMPS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 111 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 111 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 111 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 111 Zijad Džemić .............................................................................................................................................................. 111 TESTING OF DIALYSIS MACHINES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 112 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 112 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 112 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 112 Zijad Džemić .............................................................................................................................................................. 112 MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 113 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 113 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 113 Berina Alić ................................................................................................................................................................. 113 PROPOSAL OF THE MONITORING AND EVALUATION APPROACH FOR COMMUNITY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS .................................................. 114 Sanin Džidić ............................................................................................................................................................... 114 Emir Bračković .......................................................................................................................................................... 114 PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Β‐GLUCOSIDASE FROM BRASSICA OLERACEA 115 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 115 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 115 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 115 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 115 Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 115 META-ANALYSIS OF DEPLETED URANIUM LEVELS IN THE BALKAN REGION 116 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 116 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 116 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 116 256 �Imer Muhović............................................................................................................................................................ 116 CHEMICAL TOXICITY AND RADIOACTIVITY OF DEPLETED URANIUM: THE EVIDENCE FROM IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDIES ............................................................................... 118 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 118 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 118 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 118 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 118 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 118 THE EFFECT OF LYSOZYME ON REDUCING BIOFILMS BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA, AND GARDNERELLA VAGINALIS: AN IN VITRO EXAMINATION.. 120 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 120 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 120 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 120 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 120 Amra Ramović ........................................................................................................................................................... 120 Dženita Šeljmo .......................................................................................................................................................... 120 Jasna Hukić................................................................................................................................................................ 120 A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.......................... 122 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 122 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 122 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 122 Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović ........................................................................................................................... 122 HETEROLEPTIC RUTHENIUM BIOFLAVONOID COMPLEXES: FROM SYNTHESIS TO IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY 123 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 123 Adnan Zahirović ........................................................................................................................................................ 123 Emira Kahrović .......................................................................................................................................................... 123 Marina Cindrić .......................................................................................................................................................... 123 Sandra Kraljević Pavelić ............................................................................................................................................ 123 Anja Harej ................................................................................................................................................................. 123 Emir Turkušić ............................................................................................................................................................ 123 T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS AS A PROGNOSTIC FACTOR IN A CLINICAL COURSE OF CHICKENPOX 125 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 125 257 �Rusmir Baljić ............................................................................................................................................................. 125 Hadžan Konjo ............................................................................................................................................................ 125 Dženana Hrustemović............................................................................................................................................... 125 Belma Gazibera ......................................................................................................................................................... 125 Amela Katica ............................................................................................................................................................. 125 A FUZZY MODEL TO PREDICT RISK OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION 127 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 127 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 127 Günay Karlı................................................................................................................................................................ 127 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 127 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 127 A NOVEL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ASSAY FOR THE DETERMINATION OF B-IOFILM FORMING CAPACITY OF CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.......................... 129 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 129 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 129 Mirza Ibrišimović ...................................................................................................................................................... 129 Nadira Ibrišimović Mehmedinović ........................................................................................................................... 129 RECOGNIZING THE POSSIBILITY OF BIOTERRORISM IN THE FACE OF EMERGING AND REEMERGING ZOONOTIC PATHOGENS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA DURING THE WAR (1992-1995) 130 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 130 Sead Ahmetagić ........................................................................................................................................................ 130 Nijaz Tihić .................................................................................................................................................................. 130 Nermina Mehinović .................................................................................................................................................. 130 Denijal Tulumović ..................................................................................................................................................... 130 Mirza Ponjavić .......................................................................................................................................................... 130 Paul Heyman ............................................................................................................................................................. 130 CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF CONVENTIONAL KARYOTYPE AND QF-PCR IN DETECTION OF FETAL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES ................................................................. 132 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 132 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 132 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 132 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 132 Alma Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................. 132 258 �SURVEY OF LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS AROUND THE WORLD IN BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 AND 4 LABORATORIES ............................................................................................. 133 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 133 CHARACTERISTICS OF VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINS IN THE WEST BALKANS: A FIRST REPORT ............................................................................................. 134 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 134 Monia Avdić .............................................................................................................................................................. 134 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 134 Borka Tutiš ................................................................................................................................................................ 134 Sanja Jakovac ............................................................................................................................................................ 134 Maja Ostojić .............................................................................................................................................................. 134 PREDICTION OF THE Y-CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS WITHIN A RECENTLY SETTLED TURKISH POPULATION IN SARAJEVO, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ........................... 136 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 136 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 136 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 136 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 136 Yusuf Turan ............................................................................................................................................................... 136 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 136 Gurkan Dogan ........................................................................................................................................................... 136 ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILES AND GENETIC SIMILARITIES WITHIN A NEW GENERATION OF CARBAPENEMRESISTANT ACINETOBACTER CALCOACETICUS-A. BAUMANNII COMPLEX RESISTOTYPES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ............................................................................................. 138 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 138 Aydın Çöl ................................................................................................................................................................... 138 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................. 138 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................. 138 EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND LABORATORY SURVEILLANCE OF THE MEASLES OUTBREAK IN THE FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................... 139 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 139 Irma Salimović-Bešić ................................................................................................................................................. 139 Amela Dedeić-Ljubović ............................................................................................................................................. 139 Sead Ahmetagić ........................................................................................................................................................ 139 Nijaz Tihić .................................................................................................................................................................. 139 259 �DETECTION OF PUUMALA VIRUS IN THE TISSUE OF INFECTED NATURALLY RODENT HOSTS IN THE AREA OF CENTRAL DINARIDES .......................................................................... 141 Mirsada Hukić ........................................................................................................................................................... 141 Edina Zahirović.......................................................................................................................................................... 141 GENOMIC ANALYSES INFORM ON MIGRATION EVENTS DURING THE PEOPLING OF EURASIA 142 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 142 MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF 23 Y-CHROMOSOME SHORT TANDEM REPEAT LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF TUZLA CANTON ............................................................................................. 143 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 143 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 143 Jasmina Hindija Čakar ............................................................................................................................................... 143 Naida Babić ............................................................................................................................................................... 143 Amela Pilav ............................................................................................................................................................... 143 Vesna Hadžiavdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 143 Y-CHROMOSOMAL HAPLOGROUP DISTRIBUTION IN THE TUZLA CANTON OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: A CONCORDANCE STUDY USING FOUR DIFFERENT IN SILICO ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS BASED ON Y-STR DATA 145 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 145 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 145 Cemal Gurkan ........................................................................................................................................................... 145 Naida Babić ............................................................................................................................................................... 145 Vesna Hadžiavdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 145 Ali Göksu ................................................................................................................................................................... 145 DNA IDENTIFICATION OF COMMINGLED HUMAN REMAINS FROM THE CEMETERY RELOCATED BY FLOODING IN CENTRAL BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA............................... 147 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 147 Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN THE BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN POPULATION BASED ON 23 Y-STR LOCI 148 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 148 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 148 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 148 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 148 Gurkan Dogan ........................................................................................................................................................... 148 ALLELE FREQUENCIES OF 15 STR LOI IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 150 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 150 260 �Amela Pilav ............................................................................................................................................................... 150 Naris Pojskić .............................................................................................................................................................. 150 Anesa Ahatović ......................................................................................................................................................... 150 Mirela Džehverović ................................................................................................................................................... 150 Jasmina Čakar ........................................................................................................................................................... 150 AN EXAMINATION OF GROWTH ACCELERATION TRENDS WITHIN A MALE POPULATION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BETWEEN THE 19TH AND 21ST CENTURIES ....................... 152 Elma Ferić Bojić ......................................................................................................................................................... 152 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 152 Rifat Hadžiselimović ................................................................................................................................................. 152 Elma Mrehić .............................................................................................................................................................. 152 MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) AS A BASIS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED AND PERSONALIZED THERAPY: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND METHODS OF THE SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (SEE)-PTSD STUDY ............................................................................................. 153 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 153 DETECTION OF CYTOSINE AND CPG DENSITY IN PROTO-ONCOGENES AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN PROMOTER SEQUENCES OF ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA ..................... 154 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 154 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 154 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 154 PREVALENCE OF F5 1691G> A, F2 20210G> A, AND MTHFR 677C> T POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS ............................................................... 155 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 155 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 155 DIVERSITY OF Y-CHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA IVERSITY OF Y-CHROMOSOMAL AND MTDNA MARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN ARKERS INCLUDED IN MEDISCOPE CHIP WITHIN TWO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA WO ALBANIAN SUBPOPULATIONS FROM CROATIA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA AND KOSOVO: PRELIMINARY DATA............................................................ 156 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 156 CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD ............................................................................................. 157 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 157 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 157 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 157 261 �Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 157 Senol Doğan .............................................................................................................................................................. 157 Nilay Nalcaci ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 DIAGNOSTIC OF ASTHMA USING FUZZY RULES IMPLEMENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES AND PHYSICIANS EXPERIENCE .................................................... 159 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 159 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 159 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 159 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 159 CLASSIFICATION OF ASTHMA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 160 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 160 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 160 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 160 Mario Cifrek .............................................................................................................................................................. 160 POLYMORPHISMS OF 1691G> A AND 4070A> G FV IN BOSNIAN WOMEN WITH PREGNANCY LOSS 161 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 161 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 161 Emir Mahmutbegović ............................................................................................................................................... 161 Nevena Mahmutbegović .......................................................................................................................................... 161 Grażyna Adler ........................................................................................................................................................... 161 Ewa Czerska .............................................................................................................................................................. 161 Edin Međedović ........................................................................................................................................................ 161 Anna Pawińska-Matecka .......................................................................................................................................... 161 NETWORK ANALYSIS ON Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUPS IN WESTERN BALKAN POPULATIONS163 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 163 Adna Ašić .................................................................................................................................................................. 163 Larisa Bešić ................................................................................................................................................................ 163 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 163 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 163 COMPARATIVE MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE ISOLATED BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVININA AND SLOVENIAN POPULATIONS ..................................................................... 165 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 165 262 �Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 165 Hadžić-Metjahić, N. .................................................................................................................................................. 165 Vidović, M. ................................................................................................................................................................ 165 Čakar, J. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 165 Džehverović, M. ........................................................................................................................................................ 165 Pilav, A ...................................................................................................................................................................... 165 ALLELE FREQUENCIES AND GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR 15 STR LOCI IN THE POPULATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA..................................................................... 167 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 167 Čakar, J. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Džehverović, M. ........................................................................................................................................................ 167 Pilav, A ...................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Pojskić, N................................................................................................................................................................... 167 Ahatović, A. ............................................................................................................................................................... 167 AN INVESTIGATION ON THE PATERNAL LINEAGES OF THE NORTHERN IRAQ TURKMENS 169 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 169 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 169 Balkaya, HE. .............................................................................................................................................................. 169 Gurkan, C. ................................................................................................................................................................. 169 Dogan, M................................................................................................................................................................... 169 Tunc, R. ..................................................................................................................................................................... 169 DIVERSITY OF ACE AND ACTN3 POLYMORPHISMS IN BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN POPULATIONS 170 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 170 Damir Marjanović ..................................................................................................................................................... 170 Ćenanović, M ............................................................................................................................................................ 170 TEN-YEAR TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF DOWN SYNDROME IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: IMPACT OF THE MATERNAL AGE AND PRENATAL SCREENING ....................................... 171 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 171 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 171 THE COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN GENERIC AND BRANDED IMATINIB IN ACHIEVEMENT OF OVERALL SURVIVAL AND CYTOGENETIC RESPONSES IN CML PATIENTS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 172 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 172 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 172 263 �Jerald P. Radich ......................................................................................................................................................... 172 Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic ....................................................................................................................................... 172 Azra Hasic .................................................................................................................................................................. 172 Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 172 THE EFFICACY OF GENERIC IMATINIB AS FIRST-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY: 3-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA ........................................... 174 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 174 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 174 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 174 Emina Suljovic Hadzimesic ....................................................................................................................................... 174 Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 174 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 174 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 174 A NOVEL CYTOGENETIC AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RENAL METANEPHRIC ADENOMA: IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNER GENES INVOLVED IN TRANSLOCATION T(9; 15)(P24; Q24) 176 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 176 THE THREE YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF CML PATIENTS TREATED WITH FIRST-LINE GENERIC AND FIRST-LINE BRANDED IMATINIB IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ......................... 177 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 177 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 177 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 177 Emina Suljovć Hadžimešić ........................................................................................................................................ 177 Sabira Kurtović .......................................................................................................................................................... 177 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 177 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 177 THE ROLE OF GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONERS IN THE DETECTION OF EARLY-STAGE ORAL MALIGNANCIES–A REVIEW ............................................................................................. 178 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 178 Naida Hadžiabdić ...................................................................................................................................................... 178 Halid Sulejmanagic ................................................................................................................................................... 178 LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF GIST PATIENTS TREATED WITH DELAYED IMATINIB THERAPY 179 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 179 Leila Keškić ................................................................................................................................................................ 179 264 �Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Amina Kugić .............................................................................................................................................................. 179 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 179 Anes Pašić ................................................................................................................................................................. 179 Nermina Ibišević ....................................................................................................................................................... 179 LACK OF ACCESS TO TARGETED CANCER TREATMENT MODALITIES IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD IN THE ERA OF PRECISION MEDICINE: REAL-LIFE LESSONS FROM BOSNIA 181 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 181 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 181 Semir Vranić .............................................................................................................................................................. 181 Sabira Kurtovic .......................................................................................................................................................... 181 Mirza Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................................ 181 Nermir Granov .......................................................................................................................................................... 181 THE FREQUENCY OF A NOVEL KANK1 AND NTRK3 TRANSLOCATION AND BRAFV600E MUTATION IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH METANEPHRIC ADENOMA UTILIZING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS 182 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 182 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 182 Aida Ćatić .................................................................................................................................................................. 182 Ardis Sophian ............................................................................................................................................................ 182 Lech Mazur ................................................................................................................................................................ 182 Dinesh Rakheja ......................................................................................................................................................... 182 LONG TERM EFFICACY OF NILOTINIB AS FRONT-AND SECOND-LINE THERAPY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: REAL LIFE EXPERIENCE......................................................................... 184 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 184 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 184 Semir Bešlija ............................................................................................................................................................. 184 Erna Islamagić ........................................................................................................................................................... 184 Sabira Kurtović .......................................................................................................................................................... 184 Lejla Mehinović ......................................................................................................................................................... 184 FRONT-LINE NILOTINIB IS A BETTER CHOICE THAN FRONT-LINE IMATINIB FOR CML PATIENTS WITH DELAYED TREATMENT: 11 YEAR FOLLOW-UP .................................... 186 Amina Kurtović Kozarić ............................................................................................................................................ 186 Azra Hasić .................................................................................................................................................................. 186 265 �SILICON NANOWIRES SUBSTRATES FABRICATION FOR ULTRA-SENSITIVE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY SENSORS.............................................................................. 188 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 188 Hrvoje Gebavi ........................................................................................................................................................... 188 Lara Mikac ................................................................................................................................................................. 188 Marijan Marciuš........................................................................................................................................................ 188 Mile Šikic ................................................................................................................................................................... 188 Vlasta Mohaček-Grošev ........................................................................................................................................... 188 Tibor Janči ................................................................................................................................................................. 188 Sanja Vidaćek ............................................................................................................................................................ 188 Emina Hasanspahić ................................................................................................................................................... 188 Mile Ivanda ............................................................................................................................................................... 189 DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CHEMILUMINESCENCE BIOSENSORS FOR DETERMINATION OF BIOGENIC AMINES IN MEAT ............................................................................................. 190 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 190 Sandro Valzacchi ....................................................................................................................................................... 190 OVERVIEW OF NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING PLATFORMS USED IN PUBLISHED DRAFT PLANT GENOMES IN LIGHT OF GENOTYPIZATION OF IMMORTELLE PLANT (HELICHRYSIUM ARENARIUM) 191 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 191 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 191 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 191 NANOMATERIALS IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY WITH EMPHASIS ON APPLICATION IN MODERN MEDICINE 193 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 193 Mirjana Maksimović ................................................................................................................................................. 193 APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL SURFACE ADSORPTION INDEX APPROACH (BSAI) IN CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GOLD NANOPARTICLES AND BIOMOLECULES 194 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 194 Tarik Husremović ...................................................................................................................................................... 194 Alma Jakupović ......................................................................................................................................................... 194 Anes Omerbašić ........................................................................................................................................................ 194 DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD FOR QUANTIFICATION OF AMINO ACID ADSORBED ON NANOPARTICLE SURFACE ............................................................................................. 195 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 195 266 �Adnan Fojnica ........................................................................................................................................................... 195 Sabina Halilović ......................................................................................................................................................... 195 Džana Mulaomerović................................................................................................................................................ 195 Amra Dorić ................................................................................................................................................................ 195 Belma Alispahić ........................................................................................................................................................ 195 APPLICATION OF ISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRY IN EVALUATION OF PROTEIN–NANOPARTICLE INTERACTIONS ............................................................................................. 197 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 197 APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FOOD PACKAGING198 Enisa Omanović Miklićanin ...................................................................................................................................... 198 Džana Mulaomerović ................................................................................................................................................ 198 Amra Dorić ................................................................................................................................................................ 198 Ivana Vinković-Vrček ................................................................................................................................................ 198 Mirjana Maksimović ................................................................................................................................................. 198 INSPECTION PROCESS OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS: SOFTWARE SOLUTION 199 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 199 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 199 TESTING OF MECHANICAL VENTILATORS AND INFANT INCUBATORS IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS 200 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 200 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 200 Jimenez ER ................................................................................................................................................................ 200 Iadanza E ................................................................................................................................................................... 200 APPLICATIONS OF QSAR STUDY IN DRUG DESIGN ............ 201 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 201 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 201 Layla Abdel-Ilah ........................................................................................................................................................ 201 Elma Veljović ............................................................................................................................................................. 201 TELEMETRY SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA AND CHRONICAL OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) 202 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 202 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 202 Eldar Granulo ............................................................................................................................................................ 202 Lejla Bećar ................................................................................................................................................................. 202 267 �TESTING OF THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND IN HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 203 Lejla Gurbeta............................................................................................................................................................. 203 Almir Badnjević ......................................................................................................................................................... 203 Alma Jakupović ......................................................................................................................................................... 203 Elvira Ruiz Jimenez.................................................................................................................................................... 203 A DISSIMILAR APPROACH TO ASSOCIATING ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE MEASUREMENT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING EXAM PERIOD 204 Serkan Doğan ............................................................................................................................................................ 204 Hacer Konaklı ............................................................................................................................................................ 204 Hasan Emin Balkaya.................................................................................................................................................. 204 Indira Özçoban .......................................................................................................................................................... 204 NEW POSSIBLE TARGETABLE GENES FOR FUTURE TREATMENT OF MIXED LINEAGE LEUKEMIA 206 Senol Doğan .............................................................................................................................................................. 206 III PART: Faculty of Education ............................................ 207 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER, MOTIVATION AND ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE .......................................................................... 208 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 208 WILLINGNESS TO COMMUNICATE IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN BOSNIAN-HERZEGOVINIAN EFL CONTEXT ............................................................................................. 209 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 209 Emina Rizvić .............................................................................................................................................................. 209 SOCRATIC METHOD AS AN APPROACH TO TEACHING ...... 210 Senad Bećirović ......................................................................................................................................................... 210 THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING STYLES IN THE EFL CLASSROOM 211 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 211 Lejla Žunić-Rizvić ....................................................................................................................................................... 211 USE OF AUTHENTIC MATERIALS AND L1 IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING CLASSROOMS IN B&H 212 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 212 Nađa Skopljak ........................................................................................................................................................... 212 STUDENTS’ AND TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ON SKILLS ACQUISITION AND ERROR CORRECTION TREATMENT IN BOSNIAN EFL CONTEXT ....................................................................... 213 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 213 Senija Ogrić - Kevrić .................................................................................................................................................. 213 268 �THE ASSESSMENT OF BOSNIAN EFL LEARNERS’ KNOWLEDGE BY TWO DIFFERENT MEASURES: TEST AND WRITING ASSIGNMEN ........................................................................ 214 Vildana Dubravac ...................................................................................................................................................... 214 Ana Tankosić ............................................................................................................................................................. 214 CARYL PHILLIPS AND THE RHIZOMORPHOUS GAZE: A GEOPHILOSOPHICAL READING OF CROSSING THE RIVER 215 Ibrahim Murat Oner ................................................................................................................................................. 215 BÂKİ’NİN “CÂN” REDİFLİ GAZELİNİN ŞERHİ VE YAPISALCILIK AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ 216 Lokman Gözcü........................................................................................................................................................... 216 269 �International Burch University Francuske revolucije bb Sarajevo Tel. +387 33 944 400 Email: info@ibu.edu.ba 71 210 Ilidža, Bosnia and Herzegovina Fax +387 33 944 500 Web: www.ibu.edu.ba � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 3761 Title A name given to the resource BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2016 – 2017), Sarajevo, BiH Abstract A summary of the resource. BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Publication Office (2016 – 2017), Sarajevo, BiH Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Author Author Mekic, Ajdin Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Keywords Keywords. Book PeerReviewed AC Collections. Series. Collected works