287 10 3494 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/2c428581cfdc05ce202f12b106dc91c7.pdf 3f925e4f252f924ce18cefc9645499ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource IT Senior Design Projects Description An account of the resource The IT Senior Design Projects (SDPs) category showcases innovative and practical final-year capstone projects developed by undergraduate and graduate students in the field of Information Technology. These projects represent the culmination of students' academic and technical expertise, demonstrating their ability to solve real-world problems through software and hardware solutions. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Sentiment Analysis Models on Financial Market Predictions Author Author Hazrin Redžepi Abstract A summary of the resource. Financial markets are influenced not only by numerical indicators but also by public sentiment, which is often expressed through news, reports, and social media platforms. Traditional forecasting models typically rely on historical financial data, ignoring this important textual dimension. This research examines how sentiment analysis models can enhance the accuracy of financial market predictions. The research focuses on evaluating various classical machine learning algorithms for sentiment classification in financial texts. A publicly available dataset combining FIQA and Financial PhraseBank sources was used, containing over 5,800 labeled financial sentences. Data preprocessing steps included cleaning, tokenization, stopword removal, and lemmatization. Exploratory data analysis was conducted to understand sentiment distribution, text length patterns, and word frequencies. Sentiment labels were encoded numerically to serve as target variables in classification models. A range of traditional machine learning algorithms was implemented and assessed to explore their suitability for sentiment analysis in the financial domain. Evaluation metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were used to assess model performance. Preliminary results indicate that traditional machine learning models can effectively classify sentiment in financial texts, especially when supported by proper text preprocessing. Furthermore, integrating sentiment analysis with financial data shows potential for improving market forecasting accuracy. This work contributes to the growing field of financial data science by demonstrating the effectiveness of NLP-driven sentiment analysis and offering a framework for building predictive systems that combine textual and numerical financial indicators. Keywords Keywords. senior design project, sentiment analysis, machine learning, natural language processing, financial data science, stock market prediction, financial forecasting data science machine learning NLP sdp https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/337ff0023ef0c587fb737b3af0250fbf.pdf b77d39343370545cecd92a7d6b046958 PDF Text Text International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo The Impact of Social Media in the Selection of Tourist Destinations: University Students for a Research Ercan Tutan Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey tutanercan@gmail.com Yasin Özaslan Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey ozaslanysn@gmail.com Internet, affecting every sector in the world, the tourism sector and interaction between the consumer and the tourism sector has changed. Consumers, separating time and money to buy touristic goods and services, want to live in the negative sense experience without any surprises. For this purpose, the consumers collect about the product/service information from various sources. These sources of information in the past, the traditional media and social environment of the acquired information with limited today, in online environments more comprehensive information is presented. Today, these online environments, most importantly, are the social media platforms. Social media platforms offer the opportunity to reach a very large audience in a short time, on these platforms, the positive / negative images, thoughts about touristic product / service, affects different degrees of consumers in terms of sharing of experiences. In addition, the increase in the use of smart phone consumers, as well as the use of internet social media makes it easier to transport. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of social media in choice of tourist destination of university students. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire in order to improve 50 university students about an hour-long interview made and the meantime, whether they used social media for the selection of a touristic destination, which benefit from social media properties, on the purposes for which they use social media in the process, asked and the answers given in the literature used in conjunction with any item with the support of a total of 30 were obtained. Afterwards, a questionnaire was designed with the support of expert opinion. The questionnaire was prepared, first as a pilot study within the scope of the 100 people applied. After the pilot study, the necessary arrangements have been made and the final version of the 103 �International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo questionnaire, face-to-face interviews with 1748 university student was applied throughout Turkey. The obtained data were analyzed with statistical analysis program. According to the results of factor analysis for the analysis of the validity of five different sizes were determined. These are: "Information Sharing", " the Effect of the Members”, "Acquisition of Knowledge", "the Effect of Well-known People" and "Accuracy of Information" dimensions. As a result of the reliability test, the individual dimensions, the number of times the lowest and the highest alpha, was determined to be 79% to 69%. According to the results, social media is seen to be effective in the selection of tourist destination. Participants used social media for the purpose of obtaining information, "Acquisition of Knowledge" as a result of having the highest average size has been determined. In this study, as well as recommendations for future work are presented. Keywords: Destination, Decision-Making Process, Information Resources, Destination Marketing, Internet 104 Social Media, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1561 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Social Media in the Selection of Tourist Destinations: University Students for a Research Author Author TUTAN, Ercan OZASLAN, Yasin Abstract A summary of the resource. Internet, affecting every sector in the world, the tourism sector and interaction between the consumer and the tourism sector has changed. Consumers, separating time and money to buy touristic goods and services, want to live in the negative sense experience without any surprises. For this purpose, the consumers collect about the product/service information from various sources. These sources of information in the past, the traditional media and social environment of the acquired information with limited today, in online environments more comprehensive information is presented. Today, these online environments, most importantly, are the social media platforms. Social media platforms offer the opportunity to reach a very large audience in a short time, on these platforms, the positive / negative images, thoughts about touristic product / service, affects different degrees of consumers in terms of sharing of experiences. In addition, the increase in the use of smart phone consumers, as well as the use of internet social media makes it easier to transport. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of social media in choice of tourist destination of university students. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire in order to improve 50 university students about an hour-long interview made and the meantime, whether they used social media for the selection of a touristic destination, which benefit from social media properties, on the purposes for which they use social media in the process, asked and the answers given in the literature used in conjunction with any item with the support of a total of 30 were obtained. Afterwards, a questionnaire was designed with the support of expert opinion. The questionnaire was prepared, first as a pilot study within the scope of the 100 people applied. After the pilot study, the necessary arrangements have been made and the final version of the questionnaire, face-to-face interviews with 1748 university student was applied throughout Turkey. The obtained data were analyzed with statistical analysis program. According to the results of factor analysis for the analysis of the validity of five different sizes were determined. These are: "Information Sharing", " the Effect of the Members”, "Acquisition of Knowledge", "the Effect of Well-known People" and "Accuracy of Information" dimensions. As a result of the reliability test, the individual dimensions, the number of times the lowest and the highest alpha, was determined to be 79% to 69%. According to the results, social media is seen to be effective in the selection of tourist destination. Participants used social media for the purpose of obtaining information, "Acquisition of Knowledge" as a result of having the highest average size has been determined. In this study, as well as recommendations for future work are presented. Keywords: Destination, Decision-Making Process, Social Media, Information Resources, Destination Marketing, Internet Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-10 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/33b1485258a87fb1f75ef3ea3a24c35a.docx 75e75a8baee1a90950122dad30fcb142 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/ea22d8ee906ff8a1fa308ca8a0dd7d1c.pdf 70ed07bb067979beb3cdb03311dc85cf PDF Text Text The Impact of Spatial-Visual Intelligence on Learning Abstract Vocabularies in Junior High School Students of Iran Vahid Asghari & Masoud Asghari Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch /Arak, Iran Key words: Spatial-Visual Intelligence, abstract vocabularies, concrete vocabularies, MI, visual aids ABSTRACT Students are individuals with unique strengths, weaknesses, aptitudes, interests, and capabilities. Howard Gardner (1983) is the first person who talked about Multiple Intelligence (MI) and learning styles. His theory suggests that an array of different kinds of “intelligence" exists in human beings. Each individual manifests varying levels of these different intelligences. On the other hand, language is first and foremost an abstraction. Many learning aids and traditional method lessons are ineffective because they emphasis concrete things during the first year of learning. These are all great words, but the most important words in a language are abstract, such as verbs. In the current study, the students were divided into visual experimental and control groups. During ten sessions of the treatment, 90 vocabularies were instructed to the two groups, while the visual experimental group received the words visually and control group traditionally. After comparing the results of post test 1and post test 2 of students in experimental and control group, it was concluded that there is a significant correlation between scores of Visual Intelligent students and their scores in post test1 and posttest 2. While there was not any significant correlation between the scores of control group in post test 1 and post test 2. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1988 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Spatial-Visual Intelligence on Learning Abstract Vocabularies in Junior High School Students of Iran Author Author ASGHARI, Vahid ASGHARI, Masoud Abstract A summary of the resource. Key words: Spatial-Visual Intelligence, abstract vocabularies, concrete vocabularies, MI, visual aids ABSTRACT Students are individuals with unique strengths, weaknesses, aptitudes, interests, and capabilities. Howard Gardner (1983) is the first person who talked about Multiple Intelligence (MI) and learning styles. His theory suggests that an array of different kinds of “intelligence" exists in human beings. Each individual manifests varying levels of these different intelligences. On the other hand, language is first and foremost an abstraction. Many learning aids and traditional method lessons are ineffective because they emphasis concrete things during the first year of learning. These are all great words, but the most important words in a language are abstract, such as verbs. In the current study, the students were divided into visual experimental and control groups. During ten sessions of the treatment, 90 vocabularies were instructed to the two groups, while the visual experimental group received the words visually and control group traditionally. After comparing the results of post test 1and post test 2 of students in experimental and control group, it was concluded that there is a significant correlation between scores of Visual Intelligent students and their scores in post test1 and posttest 2. While there was not any significant correlation between the scores of control group in post test 1 and post test 2. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBU Publishing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-03 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/8e9d68036e058ebdaeaa7d5438883f9f.docx ca4cda654479d59b352e40c4da586c95 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/c15c501b8f1367f669e72f4dea50cafc.pdf 604c76f5e9dd93b012ae1f7ed4eee93d PDF Text Text The Impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance; Case: Companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina Adnan Halilović International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina ahllvc@gmail.com Erkan Ilgün International Burch University Bosnia and Herzegovina erkan.ilgun@ibu.edu.ba Abstract: Over the past decade, the traditional purchasing and logistics functions have evolved into a broader strategic approach to materials and distribution management known as supply chain management (SCM). Effective SCM has become a potentially valuable way of securing competitive advantage and improving organizational performance since competition is no longer between organizations, but among supply chains. Facing uncertain environments, firms have strived to achieve greater supply chain collaboration to leverage the resources and knowledge of their suppliers and customers. This research conceptualizes and develops five dimensions of SCM practice and tests the relationships between SCM practices, competitive advantage, and organizational performance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research will be conducted via questionnaire and the target groups are the companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina with developed supply chain management. According to the previous researches the results should indicate that higher levels of SCM practice can lead to enhanced competitive advantage and improved organizational performance. Also, competitive advantage can have a direct, positive impact on organizational performance. Keywords: Supply chain management; Competitive advantage; Organizational performance; Structural equation modeling. 178 �178 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2657 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance; Case: Companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina Author Author HALILOVIĆ, Adnan ILGUN, Erkan Abstract A summary of the resource. Over the past decade, the traditional purchasing and logistics functions have evolved into a broader strategic approach to materials and distribution management known as supply chain management (SCM). Effective SCM has become a potentially valuable way of securing competitive advantage and improving organizational performance since competition is no longer between organizations, but among supply chains. Facing uncertain environments, firms have strived to achieve greater supply chain collaboration to leverage the resources and knowledge of their suppliers and customers. This research conceptualizes and develops five dimensions of SCM practice and tests the relationships between SCM practices, competitive advantage, and organizational performance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research will be conducted via questionnaire and the target groups are the companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina with developed supply chain management. According to the previous researches the results should indicate that higher levels of SCM practice can lead to enhanced competitive advantage and improved organizational performance. Also, competitive advantage can have a direct, positive impact on organizational performance. Keywords: Supply chain management; Competitive advantage; Organizational performance; Structural equation modeling. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-04 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 H Social Sciences (General) https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/b7fba99599b36a033d73113af2676903.docx 00d1197bd342c3b4c99c18d296fd03d1 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/217742e64a05b35a61cef449204db00b.docx 00d1197bd342c3b4c99c18d296fd03d1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2666 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Supply Chain Management Practices on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance; Case: Companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina Author Author HALILOVIĆ, Adnan ILGUN, Erkan Abstract A summary of the resource. Over the past decade, the traditional purchasing and logistics functions have evolved into a broader strategic approach to materials and distribution management known as supply chain management (SCM). Effective SCM has become a potentially valuable way of securing competitive advantage and improving organizational performance since competition is no longer between organizations, but among supply chains. Facing uncertain environments, firms have strived to achieve greater supply chain collaboration to leverage the resources and knowledge of their suppliers and customers. This research conceptualizes and develops five dimensions of SCM practice and tests the relationships between SCM practices, competitive advantage, and organizational performance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Research will be conducted via questionnaire and the target groups are the companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina with developed supply chain management. According to the previous researches the results should indicate that higher levels of SCM practice can lead to enhanced competitive advantage and improved organizational performance. Also, competitive advantage can have a direct, positive impact on organizational performance. Keywords: Supply chain management; Competitive advantage; Organizational performance; Structural equation modeling. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-04 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 H Social Sciences (General) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 859 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Teacher-Student Discussion on the Complexity of Iranian Learners’ Oral Discourse Author Author Jabari, Hosein Abstract A summary of the resource. This study attempted to investigate the impact of teacher-student discussion during the narrative task performance on the complexity of task-based oral discourse among eighty Iranian intermediate level students at Jahad-e-Daneshghahi institute,Tabriz Branch. The assumption is that learners have available limited attentional capacities that the different components of language production and comprehension compete for such limited capacities. A number of proposals have been made as to how some attention may be focused on form. It was hypothesized that providing an opportunity to have discussion between teacher and students about the narrative task would lead to more complex performance. To test the research hypothesis, a quasi experimental design was used. The participants in this study were eighty intermediate level English learners who were selected out of a population of 200 students on the basis of their scores on a proficiency test. The independent samples t-test results and the analysis of variance indicated that teacher-student discussion while performing oral narrative task resulted in significant differences in participants’ oral discourse in terms of complexity. However, there was no significant effect on complexity in control group which was not provided with an opportunity to have ‘teacher-student’ discussion while performing narrative task. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012-05 Keywords Keywords. Conference or Workshop Item PeerReviewed P Philology. Linguistics https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/7cde1f223e823ef3e0bd6302c0bba337.docx c56b1b95c5f9f5dda93c737073e3e274 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/3b89cbf08d61fb5f7d022c23a4e19791.pdf da1d039a45f3d5330465aeeb972a25b6 PDF Text Text The Impact of the Action Centered Leader on the Business Motivation: Mediterranean Instutions in Turkey NihalCantürk Mehmet AkifErsoy University Turkey ncanturk@mehmetakif.edu.tr HüseyinÇiçek Mehmet AkifErsoy University Turkey hcicek@mehmetakif.edu.tr Abstract: This study has tried to answer whether the action-oriented leader positively impacts on members' motivation or not. It has also examined relations between the people who focused on the target and leader support them. It is projected to build a connection between basic reasons underlying behavior of members- Maslow's hierarchy - and institutional goals. This research has been directed to a field research on organization located in the Mediterranean region. In this study, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is dependent variable and action-oriented leader is the independent variable. Action centered leader who leads individual and team in harmony for the common aim has an innovative essence. It is expected that action oriented leader helps to boost employee’s motivation. The leader motivates members for a confident aim. Meanwhile, the members have been questioning why they have been trying for the aim of organization or have been running all these works. The members know why they have been trying and why they have been working and focus on the target and have been motivated.As a motivation tool, Maslow's hierarchy of needs (1943) has been engaged. And also, Porter's model (1961) which has been based is safety, social, esteem, autonomy and self-actualization was measured in five stages. Keywords: action centered leadership, leader – member interaction, motivation, hierarchy of needs, Mediterranean region. 176 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2664 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of the Action Centered Leader on the Business Motivation: Mediterranean Instutions in Turkey Author Author CANTRUK, Nihal CICEK, Huseyin Abstract A summary of the resource. This study has tried to answer whether the action-oriented leader positively impacts on members' motivation or not. It has also examined relations between the people who focused on the target and leader support them. It is projected to build a connection between basic reasons underlying behavior of members- Maslow's hierarchy - and institutional goals. This research has been directed to a field research on organization located in the Mediterranean region. In this study, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is dependent variable and action-oriented leader is the independent variable. Action centered leader who leads individual and team in harmony for the common aim has an innovative essence. It is expected that action oriented leader helps to boost employee’s motivation. The leader motivates members for a confident aim. Meanwhile, the members have been questioning why they have been trying for the aim of organization or have been running all these works. The members know why they have been trying and why they have been working and focus on the target and have been motivated. As a motivation tool, Maslow's hierarchy of needs (1943) has been engaged. And also, Porter's model (1961) which has been based is safety, social, esteem, autonomy and self-actualization was measured in five stages. Keywords: action centered leadership, leader – member interaction, motivation, hierarchy of needs, Mediterranean region. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-04 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 H Social Sciences (General) https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/65389c5a3e6d2e3385c2ef3aec3d6956.docx 7f9a848455209b15222e5d94febad1a3 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/b9f1ed3bfee47e16e11c0c05aff5e203.pdf 7e1fa62e3b8629aaf4911260863d588d PDF Text Text The Impact of the Action Centered Leader on the Business Motivation: Mediterranean Instutions in Turkey Nihal Cantürk Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Turkey ncanturk@mehmetakif.edu.tr Hüseyin Çiçek Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Turkey hcicek@mehmetakif.edu.tr Abstract: This study has tried to answer whether the action-oriented leader positively impacts on members' motivation or not. It has also examined relations between the people who focused on the target and leader support them. It is projected to build a connection between basic reasons underlying behavior of members- Maslow's hierarchy - and institutional goals. This research has been directed to a field research on organization located in the Mediterranean region. In this study, Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is dependent variable and action-oriented leader is the independent variable. Action centered leader who leads individual and team in harmony for the common aim has an innovative essence. It is expected that action oriented leader helps to boost employee’s motivation. The leader motivates members for a confident aim. Meanwhile, the members have been questioning why they have been trying for the aim of organization or have been running all these works. The members know why they have been trying and why they have been working and focus on the target and have been motivated. As a motivation tool, Maslow's hierarchy of needs (1943) has been engaged. And also, Porter's model (1961) which has been based is safety, social, esteem, autonomy and self-actualization was measured in five stages. Keywords: action centered leadership, leader – member interaction, motivation, hierarchy of needs, Mediterranean region. 176 �176 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 2655 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of the Action Centered Leader on the Business Motivation: Mediterranean Instutions in Turkey Author Author CANTURK, Nihal CICEK, Huseyin Abstract A summary of the resource. Once someone is seriously injured in incident site or need emergency transportation from one to another adequate medical facility for further treatment often the hope of those persons is a Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS). In medicine term “golden hour” is always a question of life or death. Every saved minute for ill/injured patient within “golden hour” is often crucial for saving patients live and increases his/her chance to survive and to reduce other effects to minimum. This has importance when we consider the relief of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) whose land is very hilly with an average altitude of 500 m which slows down the quick response, and also due to high number of deaths in road accidents during last year’s, necessity for transportation organs, blood, etc. The doctor and paramedic (medical technician) as crew members of aerial asset can quickly work to stabilize condition of injured person from inaccessible areas, landmines areas, or any incident/accident site. Because of mentioned reasons it’s necessary to conduct research that will show need for development of HEMS (Helicopter Emergency Medical Service) that play a significant part in modern Emergency Medical Systems (EMS) in many countries. Thus, the primary objective of an article is to examine the current status and organization of the HEMS in B&H, evaluate the progress in the organization of HEMS over the last years, and make literature review and comparison to some other EU countries regarding HEMS missions. This comparison will show big differences in HEMS available assets and difference in completed missions in EU countries in comparison to B&H. Finally, as an expected result many patients throughout world owe their life to the availability of rapid and effective medical services that is crucial in most emergency situations and that’s reason why is necessary to develop more efficient and effective HEMS in B&H. Keywords: Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS), golden hour, emergency management, ill/injured patients. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-04 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 H Social Sciences (General) https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/9719be2a2d2ddbcf3747002c0f5cbc15.pdf f21a4fe78a6386ea7449b06a33a33d68 PDF Text Text International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo The Impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade, Opportunities and Threats Mutlu Yılmaz Gediz University, İzmir, Turkey mutlu.yilmaz@gediz.edu.tr Aslıhan Kocaefe Cebeci Gediz University, İzmir, Turkey aslihan.kocaefe@gediz.edu.tr Doğan Uysal Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey dogan.uysal@cbu.edu.tr December 17, 2010 marks the beginning of a period known as the Arab Spring throughout which undemocratic regimes lacking economic liberty has been overturned. This revolutionary period initiated first in Tunisia with rebellions and spread through Egypt in February 17, 2011. Having influenced from this period, Libya also overturned its dictators. Another country where this period called the Arab Spring has been experienced is Syria. This study aims at scrutinizing the effects of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade. The factors paving the way for the development of the Arab Spring and its expansion to other African and Middle Eastern countries is evaluated in a chronological order. In this study, the scope of the evaluation regarding the impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade is limited with Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Libya and Syria where this period has been felt deeply. The impact of the crisis on other African and Middle Eastern countries remains outside the scope of this study. The impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade is evaluated by referring to the import/export values of the above mentioned countries both before and after the crisis and having completed the assessment of the situation we tried to evaluate the risks and opportunities in the long run. Furthermore, in studying Turkey’s market variations in its export activities, import and export values among the Middle Eastern and North African Countries known as MENA have been taken as a reference. The impact of the Arab Spring within the scope of the MENA Countries is 217 �International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo evaluated in comparison with the five particular countries subject to this study. In the first part the conditions and factors preparing the development of the Arab Spring has been evaluated and in the following parts the import and export values realized between Turkey and the other five countries namely Tunisia, Syria, Libya, Egypt and Morocco have been reviewed. In the next part, the impact of the Arab Spring on the Middle Eastern and North African Countries (MENA) is studied. In the last part of the study an overall evaluation of the impact of the Arab Spring on our foreign trade has been carried out by taking the period between 2010 and 2012 into consideration and in this respect the bilateral trade activities between Turkey and Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Syria and Libya have been reviewed on a periodical basis throughout which the impact of the crisis was deeply felt, a trend towards amelioration was experienced and normal conditions was sustained. In the conclusion the impact and the results of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade have been evaluated in a period when Turkey developed a zero problem policy in particular with the neighboring countries and the question whether this political crisis impose an opportunity or threat for Turkey in the short and medium run is discussed. Keywords: The Arab Spring, Foreign Trade, Political and Economic Crisis 218 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1652 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade, Opportunities and Threats Author Author YILMAZ, Mutlu KOCAEFE CEBECI, Aslihan UYSAL, Dogan Abstract A summary of the resource. December 17, 2010 marks the beginning of a period known as the Arab Spring throughout which undemocratic regimes lacking economic liberty has been overturned. This revolutionary period initiated first in Tunisia with rebellions and spread through Egypt in February 17, 2011. Having influenced from this period, Libya also overturned its dictators. Another country where this period called the Arab Spring has been experienced is Syria. This study aims at scrutinizing the effects of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade. The factors paving the way for the development of the Arab Spring and its expansion to other African and Middle Eastern countries is evaluated in a chronological order. In this study, the scope of the evaluation regarding the impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade is limited with Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Libya and Syria where this period has been felt deeply. The impact of the crisis on other African and Middle Eastern countries remains outside the scope of this study. The impact of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade is evaluated by referring to the import/export values of the above mentioned countries both before and after the crisis and having completed the assessment of the situation we tried to evaluate the risks and opportunities in the long run. Furthermore, in studying Turkey’s market variations in its export activities, import and export values among the Middle Eastern and North African Countries known as MENA have been taken as a reference. The impact of the Arab Spring within the scope of the MENA Countries is evaluated in comparison with the five particular countries subject to this study. In the first part the conditions and factors preparing the development of the Arab Spring has been evaluated and in the following parts the import and export values realized between Turkey and the other five countries namely Tunisia, Syria, Libya, Egypt and Morocco have been reviewed. In the next part, the impact of the Arab Spring on the Middle Eastern and North African Countries (MENA) is studied. In the last part of the study an overall evaluation of the impact of the Arab Spring on our foreign trade has been carried out by taking the period between 2010 and 2012 into consideration and in this respect the bilateral trade activities between Turkey and Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Syria and Libya have been reviewed on a periodical basis throughout which the impact of the crisis was deeply felt, a trend towards amelioration was experienced and normal conditions was sustained. In the conclusion the impact and the results of the Arab Spring on Turkish Foreign Trade have been evaluated in a period when Turkey developed a zero problem policy in particular with the neighboring countries and the question whether this political crisis impose an opportunity or threat for Turkey in the short and medium run is discussed. Keywords: The Arab Spring, Foreign Trade, Political and Economic Crisis Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-10 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564 https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/files/original/947ed3afcfe74716316d8dff9cb80474.pdf 12fc7f3bb26f524244841e581e222c5d PDF Text Text International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo The Impact of the Economic Crisis on the European Union’s Policies toward the Western Balkans Birgül Demirtaş TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey birgul.demirtas@etu.edu.tr The European Union can be considered as the major actor in the Western Balkans in terms of its political and economic impact in the last decade. It is one of the biggest trade partners of the regional countries as well as biggest donor of aid. It has also played an active role in the post-war reconstruction of the states as seen for example in its role in Kosovo and Bosnia-Hercegovina, mainly in terms of institutional structures like EULEX, International Civilian Office and Office of High Representative. However, as the global economic crisis started to spill over to the EU member countries, it led to the increase of the trend of “enlargement fatigue”. Hence, though all the Western Balkan countries are taking part in the European accession process, except Croatia there is not much hope that enlargement process of the regional countries would speed up due to internal problems as well as the Union’s policies. As the Commissioner for Enlargement Stefan Füle remarked there is also reform fatigue in the candidate states. Thus, “enlargement fatigue” of the European Union and “reform fatigue” of the regional states feed each other and create enlargement dilemma. As the EU loses its will and eagerness to expand, the regional actors’ enthusiasm for reforming their structures is decreasing. As the EU is focused in general much more on its internal issues in the recent years, and lost its energy to develop new initiatives for the solution of the regional problems, Turkey, as a regional actor, since 2009 started to launch new proposals for the regional issues, as seen for example in its trilateral initiatives: on the one hand among Turkey, Serbia and Bosnia Herzegovina, on the other hand among Turkey, Croatia and Bosnia Herzegovina. This research aims to examine how the current economic crisis in the European Union members affects the attitude toward the neighbouring region of the Balkans. My main research questions are as follows: How is the discourse of European Union decision makers toward the Western Balkans affected by the economic problems? Is there any considerable change in policy implementations? What are the repercussions of the EU’s increasing enlargement fatigue on the region? How does the EU’s 65 �International Conference on Economic and Social Studies, 10-11 May, 2013, Sarajevo performance in the region affect its actorness global affairs? How does the EU evaluate Turkey’s initiatives toward the region? In fact, EU’s attitude underwent considerable changes since the 1990’s. As the European Community (EC) has gone through a radical structural transformation in the 1990s due to both deepening and enlargement, the conflicts in the Western Balkans started to be considered as a test case for this changing Europe. Conflicts, wars, and tensions that broke out in the former Yugoslavian territories and disturbed the whole Europe proved that the emerging new era following the end of the bipolar international politics was not going to be as peaceful as it had been longed for. The complexity of the problems of former Yugoslavia has effected the evolution of the European Union which has been, with the encouragement of the US, trying to be a regional actor by developing a more coherent approach toward the issues of foreign affairs and security policies among its member states. The research will have a conceptual part discussing different views on the global actorness of the European Union. George Modelski in his study “The Long Cycle of Global Politics and the Nation-State” defines world powers as follows: “… world (or) global powers control (or substantially control) the global political system and hence also have the capacity to regulate other global processes (such as long-distance travel).” Keywords: European Enlargement. Union, Western 66 Balkans, Economic Crisis, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 1562 Title A name given to the resource The Impact of the Economic Crisis on the European Union’s Policies toward the Western Balkans Author Author DEMIRTAS, Birgul Abstract A summary of the resource. The European Union can be considered as the major actor in the Western Balkans in terms of its political and economic impact in the last decade. It is one of the biggest trade partners of the regional countries as well as biggest donor of aid. It has also played an active role in the post-war reconstruction of the states as seen for example in its role in Kosovo and Bosnia-Hercegovina, mainly in terms of institutional structures like EULEX, International Civilian Office and Office of High Representative. However, as the global economic crisis started to spill over to the EU member countries, it led to the increase of the trend of “enlargement fatigue”. Hence, though all the Western Balkan countries are taking part in the European accession process, except Croatia there is not much hope that enlargement process of the regional countries would speed up due to internal problems as well as the Union’s policies. As the Commissioner for Enlargement Stefan Füle remarked there is also reform fatigue in the candidate states. Thus, “enlargement fatigue” of the European Union and “reform fatigue” of the regional states feed each other and create enlargement dilemma. As the EU loses its will and eagerness to expand, the regional actors’ enthusiasm for reforming their structures is decreasing. As the EU is focused in general much more on its internal issues in the recent years, and lost its energy to develop new initiatives for the solution of the regional problems, Turkey, as a regional actor, since 2009 started to launch new proposals for the regional issues, as seen for example in its trilateral initiatives: on the one hand among Turkey, Serbia and Bosnia Herzegovina, on the other hand among Turkey, Croatia and Bosnia Herzegovina. This research aims to examine how the current economic crisis in the European Union members affects the attitude toward the neighbouring region of the Balkans. My main research questions are as follows: How is the discourse of European Union decision makers toward the Western Balkans affected by the economic problems? Is there any considerable change in policy implementations? What are the repercussions of the EU’s increasing enlargement fatigperformance in the region affect its actorness global affairs? How does the EU evaluate Turkey’s initiatives toward the region? In fact, EU’s attitude underwent considerable changes since the 1990’s. As the European Community (EC) has gone through a radical structural transformation in the 1990s due to both deepening and enlargement, the conflicts in the Western Balkans started to be considered as a test case for this changing Europe. Conflicts, wars, and tensions that broke out in the former Yugoslavian territories and disturbed the whole Europe proved that the emerging new era following the end of the bipolar international politics was not going to be as peaceful as it had been longed for. The complexity of the problems of former Yugoslavia has effected the evolution of the European Union which has been, with the encouragement of the US, trying to be a regional actor by developing a more coherent approach toward the issues of foreign affairs and security policies among its member states. The research will have a conceptual part discussing different views on the global actorness of the European Union. George Modelski in his study “The Long Cycle of Global Politics and the Nation-State” defines world powers as follows: “… world (or) global powers control (or substantially control) the global political system and hence also have the capacity to regulate other global processes (such as long-distance travel).” Keywords: European Union, Western Balkans, Economic Crisis, Enlargement.ue on the region? How does the EU’s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available International Burch University Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-05-10 Keywords Keywords. Article PeerReviewed Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ISSN 2303-4564