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                    <text>Attitudes of Foreign Language Students towards Environment
Ülkü Eser Ünaldi &amp; Abdullah Türker
Gazi Üniversitesi/ Ankara, Turkey
Key words: Environmental, environmental awareness, attitude, attitude scale
ABSTRACT
Researches conducted so far demonstrated that environmental pollution increases every passing day. Sustainable
development and habitable future will only be possible with individuals sensitive towards environment. In
developing awareness about environment in an individual, education has a great impact in addition the family and
friends. While important studies are conducted in relation to environmental education and protection of environment
in some countries, environment is almost ignored in human activities in the other countries. Wrong practices and
developments in the surrounding environment indicate that the awareness towards environment is low in our
country. At this point, our schools and teachers play an absolutely crucial role. This role does not only belong to the
teachers of geography and biology courses where related topics are addressed. Teachers of the other branches should
also possess an awareness concerning environment and convey this to their students in a way related to their
branches. Foreign language teachers have a crucial role in raising environmental awareness in order to convey
studies conducted in foreign countries and make comparisons between countries. To this end, foreign language
teachers should have a good environmental awareness. It is beyond doubt that a teacher who does not have a
positive attitude towards environment can not raise individuals with high environmental awareness. In this context,
this study was conducted to investigate the attitudes of Foreign Language students towards environment. Within the
scope of the study, a five-point likert type attitude scale developed by Bilgi (2007) and a questionnaire containing
variables which are thought to affect attitudes towards environment were applied to freshmen and seniors studying
at the Department of Foreign Languages of Education Faculty of Gazi University. The obtained data were analyzed
by SPSS (Statistical Package Program for Social Sciences) and the impacts of sex, type of settlement where students
lived for the most of his/her life, education statuses of parents and university education and class level, in particular,
on the attitudes of Foreign Language students towards environment were examined.

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                <text>Key words: Environmental, environmental awareness, attitude, attitude scale  ABSTRACT  Researches conducted so far demonstrated that environmental pollution increases every passing day. Sustainable development and habitable future will only be possible with individuals sensitive towards environment. In developing awareness about environment in an individual, education has a great impact in addition the family and friends. While important studies are conducted in relation to environmental education and protection of environment in some countries, environment is almost ignored in human activities in the other countries. Wrong practices and developments in the surrounding environment indicate that the awareness towards environment is low in our country. At this point, our schools and teachers play an absolutely crucial role. This role does not only belong to the teachers of geography and biology courses where related topics are addressed. Teachers of the other branches should also possess an awareness concerning environment and convey this to their students in a way related to their branches. Foreign language teachers have a crucial role in raising environmental awareness in order to convey studies conducted in foreign countries and make comparisons between countries. To this end, foreign language teachers should have a good environmental awareness. It is beyond doubt that a teacher who does not have a positive attitude towards environment can not raise individuals with high environmental awareness. In this context, this study was conducted to investigate the attitudes of Foreign Language students towards environment. Within the scope of the study, a five-point likert type attitude scale developed by Bilgi (2007) and a questionnaire containing variables which are thought to affect attitudes towards environment were applied to freshmen and seniors studying at the Department of Foreign Languages of Education Faculty of Gazi University. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package Program for Social Sciences) and the impacts of sex, type of settlement where students lived for the most of his/her life, education statuses of parents and university education and class level, in particular, on the attitudes of Foreign Language students towards environment were examined.</text>
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                    <text>Association of Poem and Music in Turkish Culture Language
Serdar Uğurlu
Abant Izzet Baysal University/ Bolu, Turkey
Key words: Poems, Music, Dance, Bektashisim, Shaman
ABSTRACT
If we consider the historical development of Turkish culture language, it is seen that association of poem and music
has begun with ceremonies of religious-mystical types called as Shaman. As far as we follow, dances of Shamans
also have gone with this association that has begun twenty-four centuries ago. In this context, Shamans are the
oldest and the first poets, music lovers and artisans of Turkish culture. We have been able to carry this period, in
which poem, music and dance performed together, to the tenth century that is the century Turks begun to accept
Islam. As of this date, increasing of work sharing and number of profession branches in Turkish communities put an
end to this collocation of poem, music and dance in ceremonies of Shamans and then of Kams afterwards Islam. By
leaving this association, poem and music created a particular form apart from dance. The increasing dominance of
Islamic religion among Turks has deepened this separation also in sense of language. As from XI century, therefore,
encomiasts grown by Arabic and Persian language and culture began to take the places of Shamans, Kams and
Ozans in the palaces of Ghaznavid and Seljuk. Afterwards Islam, as from XIII century in particular, as a result of
increasing number of sufistic religious orders originating from Arabic and Persian, such as Mevleviyeh and AleviBektashisim, it is seen that association of poem and music was dragged in a more different channel and continued.
While “Mevlevi Sema Ceremony”, which appears again in accordance with Mevleviyeh morals, accompanies with
the poem and music came together in context of Mevleviyeh tradition; “Alevi-Bektashi Semah Ceremony”
accompanies with the poem and music in context of Alevi-Bektashi tradition. As from XVI century, as a result of
decreasing effects of sufistic movements; minstrels who perform their non-religious poems in company with their
instruments, has grown up in context of the tradition that we called as “Minstrelsy Tradition”.

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                <text>Key words: Poems, Music, Dance, Bektashisim, Shaman  ABSTRACT  If we consider the historical development of Turkish culture language, it is seen that association of poem and music has begun with ceremonies of religious-mystical types called as Shaman. As far as we follow, dances of Shamans also have gone with this association that has begun twenty-four centuries ago. In this context, Shamans are the oldest and the first poets, music lovers and artisans of Turkish culture. We have been able to carry this period, in which poem, music and dance performed together, to the tenth century that is the century Turks begun to accept Islam. As of this date, increasing of work sharing and number of profession branches in Turkish communities put an end to this collocation of poem, music and dance in ceremonies of Shamans and then of Kams afterwards Islam. By leaving this association, poem and music created a particular form apart from dance. The increasing dominance of Islamic religion among Turks has deepened this separation also in sense of language. As from XI century, therefore, encomiasts grown by Arabic and Persian language and culture began to take the places of Shamans, Kams and Ozans in the palaces of Ghaznavid and Seljuk. Afterwards Islam, as from XIII century in particular, as a result of increasing number of sufistic religious orders originating from Arabic and Persian, such as Mevleviyeh and Alevi-Bektashisim, it is seen that association of poem and music was dragged in a more different channel and continued. While “Mevlevi Sema Ceremony”, which appears again in accordance with Mevleviyeh morals, accompanies with the poem and music came together in context of Mevleviyeh tradition; “Alevi-Bektashi Semah Ceremony” accompanies with the poem and music in context of Alevi-Bektashi tradition. As from XVI century, as a result of decreasing effects of sufistic movements; minstrels who perform their non-religious poems in company with their instruments, has grown up in context of the tradition that we called as “Minstrelsy Tradition”.</text>
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                    <text>Practice and Application in the SIOP Model and the Role of Meaningful Activities
Züleyha Türkyılmaz &amp; Aid Smajić
International Burch University, University of Sarajevo/ Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Key words:The SIOP Model, Practice and Application, Meaningful activities, English Language Learner
ABSTRACT
Sheltered Immersion Observation Protocol or SIOP is a contemporary method of teaching content-based ESL at
schools all over the world. Developed by Echevarria, Vogt and Short (2013), the model quickly adapted by many
language teachers in the USA. The method is accepted to be an empirically validated approach to teach all English
learners. There are eight interrelated components to The SIOP® Model (Echevarria, Vogt &amp;Short , 2012) .
Lesson Preparation
Building Background
Comprehensible Input
Strategies
Interaction
Practice and Application
Lesson Delivery
Review and Assessment
In this article I have mainly focused on the component Practice and Application of the SIOP Model and the role of
meaningful activities for English language learners.

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SMAJIC, Aid</text>
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                <text>Key words:The SIOP Model, Practice and Application, Meaningful activities, English Language Learner  ABSTRACT  Sheltered Immersion Observation Protocol or SIOP is a contemporary method of teaching content-based ESL at schools all over the world. Developed by Echevarria, Vogt and Short (2013), the model quickly adapted by many language teachers in the USA. The method is accepted to be an empirically validated approach to teach all English learners. There are eight interrelated components to The SIOP® Model (Echevarria, Vogt &amp;Short , 2012) .  Lesson Preparation  Building Background  Comprehensible Input  Strategies  Interaction  Practice and Application  Lesson Delivery  Review and Assessment  In this article I have mainly focused on the component Practice and Application of the SIOP Model and the role of meaningful activities for English language learners.</text>
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                    <text>Parasocial Interaction in Twitter Context
Lola Turker
Universidad de Belgrano/ Buenos Aires,Argentina
Key words: CMC,Netspeak,Parasocial Interaction, Microblogging,Twitter
ABSTRACT
Internet, being the most significant advent of new technologies, has fundamentally changed the way people interact.
The purpose of the Internet goes beyond communication into virtual social spaces or third places. Some of the third
places where socialization takes place are chatrooms, social networks and microblogging services. Among the
latter,one of the most popular is Twitter, an online microblogging site.
The present study aims to explore the complexities that a computer-mediated , Internet based platform for
communication and socialization such as Twitter presents. By problematizing follower- followed asymmetrical
parasocial relationship, it is argued that through the use of hashtags and re-tweets, which is intertextual and
dialogic. It has mainly been contended Twitter features instantiate Parasocial Interaction Theory, elaborated means
being Internet lingo or Netspeak.
In order to explore the Parasocial Interaction Theory and the employment of Internet lingo in Twitter context, a
digital corpus of 1000 tweets was built (around 25, 900 words approximately) by taking screenshots of Twitter
timeline. In order to carry out the analysis, the sample under scrutiny was tabulated and finally classified according
to the categories of analysis. Two criteria have been looked into, Netspeak features elaborated and functions of
Twitter features like Hashtag and re-tweet in constructing and maintaning a parasocial interaction. The variables
selected within each system have been explored both quantitatively and qualitatively.
As a result of the analysis, it is seen that Twitter context encourages the use of Netspeak features, like abbreviations,
acronyms and letter homophones. And features like RT and # serve to carry on the parasocial interaction.

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                <text>Key words: CMC,Netspeak,Parasocial Interaction, Microblogging,Twitter  ABSTRACT  Internet, being the most significant advent of new technologies, has fundamentally changed the way people interact. The purpose of the Internet goes beyond communication into virtual social spaces or third places. Some of the third places where socialization takes place are chatrooms, social networks and microblogging services. Among the latter,one of the most popular is Twitter, an online microblogging site.  The present study aims to explore the complexities that a computer-mediated , Internet based platform for communication and socialization such as Twitter presents. By problematizing follower- followed asymmetrical parasocial relationship, it is argued that through the use of hashtags and re-tweets, which is intertextual and dialogic. It has mainly been contended Twitter features instantiate Parasocial Interaction Theory, elaborated means being Internet lingo or Netspeak.  In order to explore the Parasocial Interaction Theory and the employment of Internet lingo in Twitter context, a digital corpus of 1000 tweets was built (around 25, 900 words approximately) by taking screenshots of Twitter timeline. In order to carry out the analysis, the sample under scrutiny was tabulated and finally classified according to the categories of analysis. Two criteria have been looked into, Netspeak features elaborated and functions of Twitter features like Hashtag and re-tweet in constructing and maintaning a parasocial interaction. The variables selected within each system have been explored both quantitatively and qualitatively.  As a result of the analysis, it is seen that Twitter context encourages the use of Netspeak features, like abbreviations, acronyms and letter homophones. And features like RT and # serve to carry on the parasocial interaction.</text>
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                    <text>The Turkish Olimpics as a Practice of Communication Management
Büşra Turhan &amp; Kübra Güran Yiğitbaşı
Marmara University/ Istanbul, Turkey
Key words: Turkish language, Turkısh culture, different culture, communication management, discource.
ABSTRACT
Communication management is an strategic concept which needs to follow the right tactics and methods. When we
think about the communication’s specific objectives “unmanaged communication” musn’t have effective results and
musn’t reach the desired objectives.
When we start to use communication management strategy primarily we have to fill up and determine target
audience message for to show corporate/individual vision and mission, “why we are doing, what we are doing”, we
have to respond these questions to the target audience. While transmitting the message should be considered the
communication way have to be persuasive and used channel have to be right. In persuasive commucation, target is
provide changes at individuals’ behaviours and attitudes.
Of individuals to manage their communications, such as interstate communication needs to be managed in. Just as
the corporations, countries have their own images. . Therefore, how to us "perceive" from other countries has carry
great importance. Create the image, determine the agenda, to change the conjucture and create the perceptions in the
desired way, media are important tool to used in.
In communication management, to create a succesful image, communications' elements must be used in a holistic
manner. An image which percieved from this way is provided to make an association in people's mind as desired.
There are factors to be considered for the production of a successful image. These, prepare the simple theme or
messages, these, must be more remarkable than competitors, strike the aware and must be spread from all
communication channels.
In Turkish Olimpics which organize since ten years for the increase the use and known of Turkish language. Beside
the universalize it, this organization publicize Turkish culture, poems, folk dances, folk songs and participated
students are have a chance to present their culture in Turkish at their countries booth. In our study, our goal is to
examine the way of “Turkish Olimpics” as a communication management which brings to different cultures,
different languages in a common point.

�</text>
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YIGITBASI, Kubra Guran</text>
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                <text>Key words: Turkish language, Turkısh culture, different culture, communication management, discource.  ABSTRACT  Communication management is an strategic concept which needs to follow the right tactics and methods. When we think about the communication’s specific objectives “unmanaged communication” musn’t have effective results and musn’t reach the desired objectives.  When we start to use communication management strategy primarily we have to fill up and determine target audience message for to show corporate/individual vision and mission, “why we are doing, what we are doing”, we have to respond these questions to the target audience. While transmitting the message should be considered the communication way have to be persuasive and used channel have to be right. In persuasive commucation, target is provide changes at individuals’ behaviours and attitudes.  Of individuals to manage their communications, such as interstate communication needs to be managed in. Just as the corporations, countries have their own images. . Therefore, how to us "perceive" from other countries has carry great importance. Create the image, determine the agenda, to change the conjucture and create the perceptions in the desired way, media are important tool to used in.  In communication management, to create a succesful image, communications' elements must be used in a holistic manner. An image which percieved from this way is provided to make an association in people's mind as desired. There are factors to be considered for the production of a successful image. These, prepare the simple theme or messages, these, must be more remarkable than competitors, strike the aware and must be spread from all communication channels.  In Turkish Olimpics which organize since ten years for the increase the use and known of Turkish language. Beside the universalize it, this organization publicize Turkish culture, poems, folk dances, folk songs and participated students are have a chance to present their culture in Turkish at their countries booth. In our study, our goal is to examine the way of “Turkish Olimpics” as a communication management which brings to different cultures, different languages in a common point.</text>
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                    <text>Downfall of Traditional American Values in Tennessee Williams' a Streetcar Named Desire
Alpaslan Toker &amp; Kemal Benk
International Burch University / Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Key words: traditional values, downfall, American nation, life styles, Tennessee Williams
ABSTRACT
Traditional American values relate to the customary standards and values which most Americans clung from the
very initiation as a nation and throughout the most part of its history. It has been a common belief that these
traditional values occupied a great deal of what rendered America a great and independent nation. Traditional
historical American values have in the past included values such as nobility, gentility and the roles people had taken
in their lives underwent changes in the twentieth century. Tennessee Williams’ play A Streetcar Named Desire
provides a vivid and saddening portrayal of how the above-mentioned American traditional values, which have for a
long part been the foundation of American nation. This paper attempts to discover how Williams describes the loss
of such values that have been serving as the function of cement in keeping the Americans together.

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BENK, Kemal</text>
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                <text>Key words: traditional values, downfall, American nation, life styles, Tennessee Williams  ABSTRACT  Traditional American values relate to the customary standards and values which most Americans clung from the very initiation as a nation and throughout the most part of its history. It has been a common belief that these traditional values occupied a great deal of what rendered America a great and independent nation. Traditional historical American values have in the past included values such as nobility, gentility and the roles people had taken in their lives underwent changes in the twentieth century. Tennessee Williams’ play A Streetcar Named Desire provides a vivid and saddening portrayal of how the above-mentioned American traditional values, which have for a long part been the foundation of American nation. This paper attempts to discover how Williams describes the loss of such values that have been serving as the function of cement in keeping the Americans together.</text>
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                    <text>ADNÎ RECEB DEDE DİVÂNI’NDA MEVLÂNA
Eda TOK
Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, Antalya / Türkiye
Anahtar Kelimeler: Mevlânâ, Divân şiiri, Adnî.
ÖZET
Türk İslam medeniyetinin yetiştirdiği en önemli isimlerden biri olan Mevlânâ, derin
fikirleri, dehâsı, eşsiz sevgi ve hoşgörüsüyle gerek yaşamı gerekse ölümünden sonra pek çok
topluluğu etkilemiş büyük bir mutasavvıf, âlim ve şairdir. Birçok divan şairi Mevlânâ’nın
düşünceleri çevresinde kurulan Mevlevîlik tarikatına intisap etmiş, Mevlevîliğe sevgi duymuş ve
Mevlânâ’ya duydukları sevgiyi şiirlerinde sıkça dile getirmiştir. Zamanla Mevlevîlik adeta şair
yetiştiren bir ocak haline gelmiştir. Bu ocakta yetişen şairlerden biri de 17.yüzyıl Mevlevî
şairlerinden Adnî Receb Dede’dir. Adnî’nin Divânı tarandığında 7’si Mevlânâ’ya, 1’i Şems-i
Tebrîzî’ye, 1’i de Mesnevî’ye yazılmış 9 na’t ve Mevlâna’ya ait birçok unsur görülmektedir. Bu
çalışmada tespit edilen unsurlardan hareketle Mevlevî bir divan şairi olan Adnî’nin gözünden
Mevlânâ’ya bakmaya çalışılmıştır.

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                <text>Anahtar Kelimeler: Mevlânâ, Divân şiiri, Adnî.  ÖZET  Türk İslam medeniyetinin yetiştirdiği en önemli isimlerden biri olan Mevlânâ, derin fikirleri, dehâsı, eşsiz sevgi ve hoşgörüsüyle gerek yaşamı gerekse ölümünden sonra pek çok topluluğu etkilemiş büyük bir mutasavvıf, âlim ve şairdir. Birçok divan şairi Mevlânâ’nın düşünceleri çevresinde kurulan Mevlevîlik tarikatına intisap etmiş, Mevlevîliğe sevgi duymuş ve Mevlânâ’ya duydukları sevgiyi şiirlerinde sıkça dile getirmiştir. Zamanla Mevlevîlik adeta şair yetiştiren bir ocak haline gelmiştir. Bu ocakta yetişen şairlerden biri de 17.yüzyıl Mevlevî şairlerinden Adnî Receb Dede’dir. Adnî’nin Divânı tarandığında 7’si Mevlânâ’ya, 1’i Şems-i Tebrîzî’ye, 1’i de Mesnevî’ye yazılmış 9 na’t ve Mevlâna’ya ait birçok unsur görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen unsurlardan hareketle Mevlevî bir divan şairi olan Adnî’nin gözünden Mevlânâ’ya bakmaya çalışılmıştır.</text>
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                    <text>Poetic Dictionaries in Our Tradition of Language Teaching
Selim Tiryakiol &amp; Asuman Akay-Ahmed
Marmara University/ Istanbul, Turkey
Key words:Language Teaching, Dictionary, Poetry, Poetic Dictionaries, Schools and Madrasahs
ABSTRACT
Dictionary is a reference book which keeps a language’s vocabulary in itself. In historic processes, dictionaries have
been written in various categories depending on needs. One of these dictionary categories is poetic dictionaries.
Poetic dictionaries have been prepared to teach students vocabulary based on memorability of poetry. Such works,
which started to be drafted by Arabian linguists in the XIth century, were also taught in islamic countries in
madrasahs, dervish lodges and schools within instrumental subjects after this century.
Poetic dictionaries begin with a poetic “preface”. After giving the work’s purpose of compilation and construction
characteristics, it passes to the dictionary part. Generally it ends with an “epilogue” giving its compilation date.
Studying and revealing of poetic dictionaries, which have been utilized in language education by using the
captivating and memorable aspects of poetry throughout the centuries, will shed light on today’s methods as well.

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                <text>TIRYAKIOL, Selim 
AHMED, Asuman Akay</text>
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                <text>Key words:Language Teaching, Dictionary, Poetry, Poetic Dictionaries, Schools and Madrasahs  ABSTRACT Dictionary is a reference book which keeps a language’s vocabulary in itself. In historic processes, dictionaries have been written in various categories depending on needs. One of these dictionary categories is poetic dictionaries. Poetic dictionaries have been prepared to teach students vocabulary based on memorability of poetry. Such works, which started to be drafted by Arabian linguists in the XIth century, were also taught in islamic countries in madrasahs, dervish lodges and schools within instrumental subjects after this century.  Poetic dictionaries begin with a poetic “preface”. After giving the work’s purpose of compilation and construction characteristics, it passes to the dictionary part. Generally it ends with an “epilogue” giving its compilation date.  Studying and revealing of poetic dictionaries, which have been utilized in language education by using the captivating and memorable aspects of poetry throughout the centuries, will shed light on today’s methods as well</text>
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                    <text>Keynote Speaker
Investigating Intersubjectivity asa Discursive Achievement in Interpreter-Mediated
Encounters: Building a Conceptual Framework
Rebecca Tipton
University of Manchester, England
ABSTRACT
This paper relates to a wider research project on the ways in which intersubjective understanding
is accomplished, sustained and enhanced in encounters involving interpreter-mediation. It is
underpinned by an assumption that the general lack of attention to the existence of a professional
interculture and its inner workings by service providers and interpreters has implications, inter
alia, for the quality of service and ability of service providers to adapt to interpreter mediation in
the workplace.
Investigating intersubjectivity is a multilayered process that appeals to a range of research
traditions in building a picture of intersubjective understanding in interpreter-mediated
encounters. My wider project concerns three strands of investigation: perceptual frames of the
occupational other that are ‘brought to’ the interaction; discursive accomplishment of
intersubjective understanding in interaction, and the self-reflexivity of the actor in responding to
his/her context both during interaction and as a post-hoc activity.
This paper focuses on the second strand mentioned above, namely the discursive
accomplishment of intersubjective understanding, and considers in particular the extent to which
service providers and interpreters orient to each other’s ‘occupational otherness’ during
interaction to form shared understandings, and the extent to which the interculture is recognised
and (re-)constructed discursively during the interaction. The discussion is premised on an
assumption that the lack of scope for the interpreter to ‘display’ his/her occupational otherness
during interaction precludes the service provider from developing a deep understanding of the
professional interculture and potentially limits the self reflexivity required to adapt to service
delivery in this mode.
The paper draws on research on workplace discourse practices from the conversation analytic
tradition and sociocultural approaches to mind, in building a conceptual framework to analyse
the discursive accomplishment of intersubjective understanding. Particular attention is given to
the discussion of concepts such as the multivoicedness of meaning and the heterogeneity of
voices (following Wertsch, 1991) and modes of talk in the workplace (following Roberts and
Sarangi, 1999).

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                <text>This paper relates to a wider research project on the ways in which intersubjective understanding is accomplished, sustained and enhanced in encounters involving interpreter-mediation. It is underpinned by an assumption that the general lack of attention to the existence of a professional interculture and its inner workings by service providers and interpreters has implications, inter alia, for the quality of service and ability of service providers to adapt to interpreter mediation in the workplace.  Investigating intersubjectivity is a multilayered process that appeals to a range of research traditions in building a picture of intersubjective understanding in interpreter-mediated encounters. My wider project concerns three strands of investigation: perceptual frames of the occupational other that are ‘brought to’ the interaction; discursive accomplishment of intersubjective understanding in interaction, and the self-reflexivity of the actor in responding to his/her context both during interaction and as a post-hoc activity.  This paper focuses on the second strand mentioned above, namely the discursive accomplishment of intersubjective understanding, and considers in particular the extent to which service providers and interpreters orient to each other’s ‘occupational otherness’ during interaction to form shared understandings, and the extent to which the interculture is recognised and (re-)constructed discursively during the interaction. The discussion is premised on an assumption that the lack of scope for the interpreter to ‘display’ his/her occupational otherness during interaction precludes the service provider from developing a deep understanding of the professional interculture and potentially limits the self reflexivity required to adapt to service delivery in this mode.  The paper draws on research on workplace discourse practices from the conversation analytic tradition and sociocultural approaches to mind, in building a conceptual framework to analyse the discursive accomplishment of intersubjective understanding. Particular attention is given to the discussion of concepts such as the multivoicedness of meaning and the heterogeneity of voices (following Wertsch, 1991) and modes of talk in the workplace (following Roberts and Sarangi, 1999).</text>
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                    <text>'Silent' Women in Robert Browning's Dramatic Monologues
Dijana Tica
Univeristy of Banjaluka/ Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Key words: Victorian, women, silent, patriarchy, monologue
ABSTRACT
Robert Browning was one of the two most famous Victorian poets, who became well-known particularly for his
dramatic monologues. Mostly set in the Renaissance Italy, they usually present a male speaker with artistic
inclinations who, caught at a crucial moment of his life, unconsciously reveals the deep and dark secrets of his
character to a silent listener. In his two most successful monologues, ‘My Last Duchess’ and ‘Andrea del Sarto’,
Browning deals with the relationship between life and art, men and women, power and weakness. His male
speakers, the rich and arrogant Duke of Ferrara and the weak and passive Andre del Sarto, ironically called ‘the
faultless painter’, look back at their lives and talk about their past desires, plans, ambitions and regrets, which were
significantly influenced by the relationship they had with their wives. Although we are not given the opportunity to
hear the voices of these ‘silent’ women whose characters are presented to us only through their husbands’ words, we
still manage to get a pretty good idea about their position in the patriarchal Victorian society and the roles they were
supposed to play. This paper will try to examine different relationships between these two pairs of husbands and
wives, as well as to explore the stereotypes used in the presentation of women such as ‘the angel in the house’, ‘the
fallen woman’ and ‘the femme fatale’.

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                <text>'Silent' Women in Robert Browning's Dramatic Monologues</text>
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                <text>Key words: Victorian, women, silent, patriarchy, monologue  ABSTRACT  Robert Browning was one of the two most famous Victorian poets, who became well-known particularly for his dramatic monologues. Mostly set in the Renaissance Italy, they usually present a male speaker with artistic inclinations who, caught at a crucial moment of his life, unconsciously reveals the deep and dark secrets of his character to a silent listener. In his two most successful monologues, ‘My Last Duchess’ and ‘Andrea del Sarto’, Browning deals with the relationship between life and art, men and women, power and weakness. His male speakers, the rich and arrogant Duke of Ferrara and the weak and passive Andre del Sarto, ironically called ‘the faultless painter’, look back at their lives and talk about their past desires, plans, ambitions and regrets, which were significantly influenced by the relationship they had with their wives. Although we are not given the opportunity to hear the voices of these ‘silent’ women whose characters are presented to us only through their husbands’ words, we still manage to get a pretty good idea about their position in the patriarchal Victorian society and the roles they were supposed to play. This paper will try to examine different relationships between these two pairs of husbands and wives, as well as to explore the stereotypes used in the presentation of women such as ‘the angel in the house’, ‘the fallen woman’ and ‘the femme fatale’.</text>
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