<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2179">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Critique On The Consistency Ratios Of Some Selected Articles Regarding Fuzzy Ahp  And Sustainability]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Consistency ratio (CR) is a very important indicator for achieving the reliability of an  individual’s pairwise comparisons in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Although the  applications of fuzzy AHP need this kind of CR results as well, only a few of studies include  these results. The most accepted method to calculate CR for fuzzy pairwise comparison  matrices (PCMs) is to transform fuzzy numbers to crisp versions and to proceed as in the  ordinary CR calculations of AHP. Triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs) are usually used to  present linguistic terms of an individual’s pairwise comparisons. In this research, CRs of 242  PCMs presented with TFNs, found in 39 articles, have been calculated based on four widely  used defuzzification methods. The aim of this research is to find out if the PCMs of some  available articles regarding sustainability issues in literature are reliable. After CR  calculations of those PCMs, it has been found that some of them are reliable while many  others are not. After reviewing these findings, researchers in fuzzy AHP field are expected to  give much attention to those CR issues and try to obtain PCMs that are more reliable.Keywords: fuzzy AHP, consistency ratio, sustainability, defuzzification, fuzzy numbers]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1128]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2330">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Cross – Sectional Analysis of Environmetal Sustainability Practices]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In 1970s and 1980s the concept of sustainability developed as a process of protection for the  elements that social, economic and eceological systems need. During the Environment and  Development Summit held in 1992, decisions were made about the works to protect and  improve the environmental sustainability with the help of objective policies. By revealing  sustainability specifically focuses on the social, economic and ecological target, Brountland  report states that meeting Socia-Economic needs is limited to the carrying capacity of ecosystem.  Environmental sustainability is divided into three categories. They are resource management,  energy management and product sustainability. While, solid waste and water conservation  compose the resource managament, energy managament includes energy conservation,  renewable energy, GHG emission reduction, energy sufficient. Finally, product sustainability  involves product transportation, supply chain audit, product stewardship and Life Cycle  Program.  In this context, environmental sustainability index and environmental performance index  were prepared by the universities of Yale and Colombia. With environmental sustainability  index, it is intented to reach perfection in the current and future environmental qualities of the  countries. This index, is a tool when aiming to be qualified and is an important mechanism  for testing the environmental performance. As for environmental performance index, it has  been developed by using result-oriented indicators. In this study, the countries whose performances enter the scope of the environmental  performance index were compared, 142 countries in 2002 and 146 countries in 2005 were  included in this index.  Keywords: Sustainability, environmental performance index, environmental sustainability  index, Turkey]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1163]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2331">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Cross – Sectional Analysis of Environmetal Sustainability Practices]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In 1970s and 1980s the concept of sustainability developed as a process of protection for the  elements that social, economic and eceological systems need. During the Environment and  Development Summit held in 1992, decisions were made about the works to protect and  improve the environmental sustainability with the help of objective policies. By revealing  sustainability specifically focuses on the social, economic and ecological target, Brountland  report states that meeting Socia-Economic needs is limited to the carrying capacity of ecosystem.  Environmental sustainability is divided into three categories. They are resource management,  energy management and product sustainability. While, solid waste and water conservation  compose the resource managament, energy managament includes energy conservation,  renewable energy, GHG emission reduction, energy sufficient. Finally, product sustainability  involves product transportation, supply chain audit, product stewardship and Life Cycle  Program.  In this context, environmental sustainability index and environmental performance index  were prepared by the universities of Yale and Colombia. With environmental sustainability  index, it is intented to reach perfection in the current and future environmental qualities of the  countries. This index, is a tool when aiming to be qualified and is an important mechanism  for testing the environmental performance. As for environmental performance index, it has  been developed by using result-oriented indicators.  In this study, the countries whose performances enter the scope of the environmental  performance index were compared, 149 countries in 2008 and 163 countries in 2010 were  included in this index.  Keywords: Sustainability, environmental performance index, environmental sustainability  index, Turkey]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1204]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2556">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Cross-cultural Analysis of Moves in Arabic and English Police and Security Research Article Abstracts]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[As an academic genre, an abstract is an obligatory step that researchers across disciplines and languages should write to join their discourse community.  Therefore, genre analysts have broadly employed move analysis in identifying the rhetorical structures and variations in research article abstracts (RAAs) from a specific discipline and across disciplinary areas.  Analysis of RAAs has seldom been involved in cross‐cultural studies, and never been conducted on police and security RAAs.  Hence, this study examined the rhetorical structures of RAAs in police and security sciences, and across two languages, Arabic and English.  The corpus consisted of 30 Arabic RAAs and 30 English RAAs. The data was analyzed using three move models: Swales&#039; (1990, 2004) modified CARS, Bhatia&#039;s (1993) four-move structure and Hyland&#039;s (2000) five-move structure.  The results showed that many of the RAAs in Arabic and English police and security journals embrace Bhatia&#039;s (1993) first three moves: purpose, method, and result, and Hyland&#039;s (2000) first four moves:  introduction, purpose, method, and results.   However, most of these RAAs omitted the conclusion move.  For almost half of Arabic RAAs, the method section was optional.  In contrast, most the English RAAs had the method section as an obligatory step.  With regard to Swales&#039; model, the RAAs in both languages did not use all moves.  Many of the Arabic RAAs used Move 1 (step 1): Claiming centrality, Move 3 (Step 1A): Outlining purpose, and Move 3 (Step 2): Announcing principle findings.  The English RAAs varied in their use of moves and did not favor one pattern of moves.   Move 3 (Steps 1A and 2) was found to be obligatory in the English RAAs.   Due to the variation in the use of moves across the two languages; it is not possible to conclude that cross-cultural factors affected the way RAAs were written.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[919]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2590">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Crosslinguistic Perspective on Amount Relative Clauses (English vs. Romanian)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The aim of this paper is to present some aspects pertaining to the interpretation of a special kind of relative clause construction, which is distinguished from restrictive and non-restrictive (appositives) relative clauses, namely amount relatives.     It all started with a work by Carlson (1977) called “Amount Relatives,” in which he proposed that there was a third type of relative clause besides the traditionally recognised appositive and restrictive relatives – amount (Carlson 1977) or degree (Heim 1987) or maximalizing (Grosu &amp; Landman 1998) relatives. The questions linguists have been trying to answer for the last 30 years is why they are called “amount” relatives and how they are different from ordinary (restrictive/non-restrictive) relatives.     In the first part, we examine the approaches proposed in Carlson (1977), Heim (1987), Grosu and Landman (1998), Von Fintel (1999), McNally (2005), Herdan (2005) and Grosu (2000, 2002 and 2009). In the second part, we will briefly introduce the basic syntactic properties of the amount relatives, focusing on similarities and differences between English and Romanian. Amount relatives show restriction in the relativizers they allow, in the determiners that can combine with them (the determiners acceptable on the relative head to the ones that can be followed by an amount expression (Carlson, 1977) or to the definite and universals (Grosu and Landman, 1998)) and in their stacking possibilities. Data from Romanian seem to support these properties.    Alongside with these common features, there exist in Romanian a construction which has been recently discovered (Grosu, 2009) and which will be discussed in the third part. We will present the contrasting elements that allow us to call this construction ‘a strange relative of the Romanian kind’ or a ‘Romanian unexpected relative’ (RUR) if we follow Grosu (2009). The open questions and further research topics conclude our discussion about the amount relative constructions.  ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[781]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/891">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A CROSSLINGUISTIC STUDY ON THE ACQUISITION OF SUBJECT AGREEMENT IN CROATIAN AND YUKATEK]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The aim of this study was to apply a comparative method to the analysis of the acquisition of subject person marking in two typological different languages, Croatian and Yucatec Maya. Since no equivalent target entities have been identified in these languages, the comparison is based on surface features of person verb marking, such as suffixation and periphrasis.     We focus on how subject participants emerge in children’s speech.  Longitudinal data from child language corpora of both languages were chosen in order to test several factors which could influence the development of person verb marking: position, alignment and the pro-drop parameter.     Position has been shown to play the crucial role in the acquisition of person marking in this research since suffixation was identified as the most important factor for early person marking in both languages. In Croatian and Yukatek children use the verb inflection in the obligatory context and also for different persons from early age on. The acquisition of person marking in periphrastic constructions turned out to be quite different in these languages. We compared the use of the Croatian auxiliary in verbs in perfect tense with the use of the auxiliary and the ergative marking of the Yukatek verb complex.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[3376]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2777">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Dialectial Analysis of Grammatical Terms Defining The English  Articles]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This study looks into the English article system from the perspective of  dialectics. The goal of the study is to enlarge the scope of understanding the English  article system by demonstrating that at the very elementary comminicative level is is  more appropriately characterized as a relational dialectial system rather than a simple  binary one as described in most traditional pedagogical frammar boks. This study tries  to reach this goal by interpreting such key metalingustic notions as anaphoric generic  uniquenness etc as well as the three main descriptors of the English articles which  involve article definite and indefinite For Plato dialogues or our Daily  communicational acts are fundamentally dialectial. Thus the base reasoning fort his  stady is that if we understand the Notion related to dialectic or dialectial acts better  this will in tum help us understand our own dialogical acts in general and the English  articles as a key dialogical marker in particular.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2011-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[678]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1698">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Different Banking Methods and the Developing in the  Turkish Finance Market-Turkish Participation Banking  For 2007-2012]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Financial systems and institutions has become the most important reason  in the fragility of world economic system. The formation and development  process of the financial structure also constitutes the infrastructure of the  world economic system. The course of the financial system and  development has led to debate with the financial crisis in 2008-2011. One  of the discussion topics in order to eliminate problems caused by the  conventional banking system is alternative financing systems. In Turkey,  the corporations based on profit share system which are named  participation based banking spotlight, if the alternative banking systems  are considered. These banks which determine different principles in the  risk distribution of the portfolio acquired are analyzed more nowadays.  Participation based banks are placed in almost every regulation related to  banking terms and get their legal infrastructure more stable in the banking  legislation of Turkey.  This study is a 2007-2012 part of research series. We try to find out the  place and the importance of participation based banking with the various  sub-headings especially in Turkey. We examine the comparative review  2007-2012 data of participation banks which Collected Turkish Currency  and Foreign Currency Funds, Bank Loan Funds, Total Assets, Equity and Net  Profit figures for the four participation banks in Turkey. We are comparing  the total figures with deposit banks for the same period.  One of our primary goals in this essay, to study in the framework of the  alternatives of the financial institutions and options. These options could  be asserted as a vibrant and viable well established choice as a nonwestern  model- different from the classical western interest based  dominant banking system in the globe. Moreover, that participation  banking systems’ grow and increase with its resourceful bulk of  transactions and shares within the financial market. In addition, we  intended to delineate the basic functioning structures, rules, norms,  principles, procedures, operations of that alternate banking system in the  financial market.After that, we have applied as a descriptive, explanatory, discursive and  comparative analytic methodology to expound the matter in detail. Having  gathered literature reviews then we have concentrated on Turkey as a  model state in that banking system practice; at which, what kind of  instruments and tools used by referring basic indicators, data and  information related to the growth, flourish and share of that sector within  the total banking and financial system in Turkey.  Furthermore, that participation banking system positions, researched in  the country. Thus, it is explicated more concerns on by investigating its  credits, deposits, financing formulation systems and commitments with  the banks, customers and investors of the alternate banking system in the  country’s financial order. At last, we have attempted to clarify and  summarize the concepts, definitions, expositions, demonstrations, rules,  assets, liabilities, equities etc.. by giving special cultural internalizations  about the organizational and operational activities of the participation  banks both similarities and discrepancies, too; so as to draw the attentions  of the new researchers and studies in that situation.  Keywords: Bank, Finance Market, Finance Sector, Participation Bank,  Islamic Bank, Interest Free Banking, Alternative Banking System.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1505]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2473">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A discussion of the Teaching Process within the Instruction on Reading Poems ]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Poetry courses are taught in Foreign Language Teacher Education Departments either independently (the Uludag University case) or within the framework of general literature courses. The relevant sources benefited from in such courses may initially aim to teach how to read poems before such poetry elements as tone, diction etc. (DiYanni, 2000). In the model recommended, experiencing poems with subjective responses is given priority while interpreting them with intellectual processes seems to be the following step of reading poems (DiYanni, 2000: 1, 2). In foreign language contexts like Turkey, imposing this order has been observed to be problematic as learners and/or teacher trainees inherently tend to do reasoning to understand a poem before subjectively relating it to their own lives mainly because of the elliptical, metaphorical and allusive language of poetry (Brindley, 1980) and cultural vagueness (Zelenkova, 2004). In this regard, the central thesis and pedagogical implication of this discussion paper is that the interpretation section should take precedence when to approach a new poem as that is what would conform with the natural tendency of foreign language learners and the teaching processes to guide the learners should be accordingly planned and implemented.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[827]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/842">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Field Research about Oppression Incurred Upon Woman Entrepreneurs in Patriarchal Societies]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In societies where men are dominant, women generally live under the domination of men. In these societies; women do not think, produce and express an opinion. According to man; woman does household chores, take care of children and provide fundamental requirements of man. Women have recently started to involve more in societies because of development of information, technology and education system and raising economic level of societies. This situation made the effect of man domination decrease significantly. It is especially seen that women recently trust themselves more and start entrepreneurship activities to gain economic independence. Technological advancements, increase in education levels and government policies aimed at women caused this situation. How was seen entrance of women into business life by man and which type of pressures were implemented to women entrepreneurs were needed to be as research topic, so this study was done. For this purpose, a survey which consists of 13 questions was prepared by making literature review. The questionnaire included both entrepreneurship qualities and difficulties which were faced by woman entrepreneurs. The questionnaire was conducted to those women who constructed a business in Adiyaman and Balikesir. It was reached 84 woman entrepreneurs who met the requirements and face to face questionnaires were conducted. Analyses were done by entering data to SPSS 20.0 program data file. Reliability of measurement (Cronbach’s Alpha) was seen as 0,818 in these analyses. It was seen that being innovative and having high self confidence are becoming prominent characteristics in question which is related to the qualities which must entrepreneurs have. It was also seen that they used mainly equity in establishment of their businesses. Also, KOSGEB and Micro credit possibilities were utilized by them. In addition, it was seen that woman entrepreneurs did not suffer oppression in establishment and operation of their businesses. It was seen that there is not significant differences between various demographic attributes with entrepreneur skills and oppression with initiative barriers of woman entrepreneurs. The result of this study is expected to promote and encourage woman entrepreneur candidates.    Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Women Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship suppression, Entrepreneurship Education.  ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2643]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>