<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2257">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Costs And Benefits Of The Eu Enlargement: The Impact On The Eu And  Seec’s]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The South-eastern enlargement of the European Union will be the sixth enlargement since  establishing the European Community in 1957. The research uses the Gravity model, and  measures the factors that have an influence on trade. The Gravity model involves coefficients that explain the pattern of trade with GDP, geographical distance, population, and several  dummy variables. Trade that is explained by Gravity model includes two regions, EU-15  (inclusive Bulgaria and Romania) and SEEC’s. The reason why Bulgaria and Romania are  included, even if they are part of the SEEC’s, is to acquire as accurate pattern of trade as  possible. Comparing the data from 2010, the gravity model describes trade flows between 23  countries. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze trade flows between two regions.  Taking into consideration the costs of enlargement, this research examines the effects of the  trade, its significance on the development of SEEC’s after enlargement, well-being of  countries that are not part of the EU, as well as it offers a solution for the South-east European  countries. Therefore, the solution that this research proposes is a model based on creation of  the Balkan Union.  Keywords: EU-Enlargement, Gravity model, South-eastern Europe, European union, Trade  flows.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1325]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1729">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Crises and Its Impacts on International Road  Transportation Sector between European Union and  Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In 2008, when the ratification process of the Lisbon Treaty had been  continuing, the global financial crises had been perceived as an Anglo-  Saxon recession early on, however it increased the problems significantly,  which EU countries were already faced. So, serious problems arise in such  countries, like UK, Ireland and Spain, where the share of financial services  in national incomes was sufficiently high. As a result of global crises, loss of  consumer confidence and decrease in the world trade volume forced also  German economy-one of the biggest exporters of the world. The new  members of EU, who realized its largest enlargement in 2004, have been  affected negatively by the crises.  The EU members, who were unprepared to crises, under the effects of lack  of final decisions about the coordination of economic and financial policies  in EU agreements, could not perform well in common “struggle” against  crises. Although coordination provided by the actions of some EU member  states leaders prevented the conclusion of crises with a disaster, but this  could not stop low growth rates and high unemployment.  All these negative developments deeply affected every sector of the EU  economy, a logistics sector also, which has a key role to play in increasing  the competitiveness of European industry in both the services and  manufacturing sectors with about 7 million employments (in freight  logistics).  On the other hand, an economic crisis in the EU decreased its trade volume  with Turkey. The EU is the Turkey’s first trade partner. But the reduction of  the domestic demand in the EU naturally lowered the level of trade  between them. Turkey’s import rate from the EU decreased from 40,8% in  2007 to 39,3% in 2010. Also in this period Turkey’s export to the EU  declined from 56,8 % to 46,3%. These developments in foreign trade  decreased a volume of international road freight transportation between  the EU and Turkey also. Additionally, the EU’s protective policies such as  permit and visa limitations narrows the trade strongly. The purpose of this paper is to describe the main reasons of negative  changes in international road transportation sector between the European  Union and Turkey in the light of economic crises and make suggestions to  develop the bilateral sectoral relations on behalf of increasing trade and  elimination of crisis’s impacts. The Turkish Union of Chambers and  Commodity Exchanges’ and the International Road Transport Union’s data  about the quantity of permits and TIR carnets will be used for evaluation of  transport volumes between the EU and Turkey.  Keywords: Enlargement, European Union, International Road  Transportation, Global Economic Crises, Logistics, Permit, Trade, Turkey.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1601]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1537">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Crisis and Social Issues - The use of Islam by  French politicians]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In our paper we aim to analyze how French parties use the rhetoric of  social life problematiques during economic crisis and try to avoid direct  responsability. Among the social problematiques we will focus on  especially the issues relating to Islam as Muslims are among the most used  rhetorics while economic crisis in Europe.  According to the archives of Le Monde since the year 2000 the use of the  term Islam is much higher than the use of the word Christianity and  Judaism. The same applies to the use of the word Muslim which is higher  than Christian or Jew. We find out the similar tendencies in Le Parisien, the  journal which is mostly sold in France. Islam is mostly cited term among  the religions which is unproportional to its presence in France. This shows  that Islam overpasses purely religious aspects and includes more than  other religions when it comes to its media visibility.  French politicians use the different social problems in a critical situations.  Islam is one of these easy scapegoats that is oftenly utilized by politicians  in their difficulties. This shows that from one side Islam and Muslims are  very weak in France which are unable to defend, but from the other part, it  becomes a necessary tool for all parties to participate willingly or  unwillingly on the debate related to Islam. Our work will be based on two  steps: firstly, we focus on the main critical events related to Islam in France  and analyze the positions of the main parties. Afterwards, we observe their  approaches to Islam and compare their methods and outcomes.  We believe that, economic difficulties could be resolved, but social impacts  of the crisis may remain for the decades.  Keywords: Economic Crisis, Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Europe.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1518]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2275">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Dimension Of The Environmental Policies Applied In Turkey And Its  Potential Effects On Sustainable Development]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The purpose of the paper is to analyse the economic dimension of environmental policies still  being applied in Turkey and to research the potential effects of sustainable development. In  1987 Bruntland Report was published by UN World Commission on Environment and  Development and attention on sustainable development was attracted. In the aforementioned  report, against the ever deteriorating environmental problems, the necessities of establishing  the vital bridge between environmental development and economic development and the  sustainability of development are accepted.  The first precaution coming to mind for preventing environmental destructions that causes  crucial costs for national economies is the efficient and productive use of current resources  and the establishment of an optimal equilibrium between current and future generations in  terms of the use of resources. Being sensitive in terms of the principle of sustainable  development in the formation of environmental policies is accepted to be an important  approach for the prevention of environment. Although the sustainable development  endeavours cause significant costs, it is observed that new policies are constantly formed in  terms of environment. In the scope of the paper, the potential effects of environmental  policies that aim to decrease the negative effects created by the destruction of environment  and to turn the world into a more habitable area on sustainable development are analysed  through national and international data ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1330]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2162">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Diplomacy and Business Negotiation- managerial approach]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Economic Diplomacy explains how states conduct their external economic relations in the  21st century: how they make decisions domestically; how they negotiate internationally; and how these processes interact. Economic diplomacy in the global environment has become  essential for all countries. The contemporary world is painted with constant changes, where  the key of economic success lies in their ability to understand and a good adjustment to the  new business environment. This newly created environment is nothing more than  globalization. If we bear in mind that the global economy is characterized by high levels of  competitiveness, the question is how the economic operators of small countries, such as  Bosnia and Herzegovina, can gain market share and how they can achieve competitive  advantage. Research shows that a very important role may be played by effectiveness and  efficiency of diplomacy, or more precisely its economic component, relatively economic  diplomacy. It is a fact that highly-educated and motivated diplomacy is indispensable to every  nation which ties its economic prosperity to constant and fruitful exchange on the world  market, to the free circulation of people, goods, and capital, and to its successful economic  performance in the world. In today&#039;s world of global world economy, it is especially  necessary. Negotiation is constantly present in our lives, and according to some, it represents  one of the skills necessary for survival. Regardless if the aim of the negotiation is victory over  an opponent, compromise, or the development of good mutual international relations, a  manager must know competitive tactics to be able to achieve the best negotiation results.  Possession of negotiation skills is crucial in the interaction of the manager with the  employees, the head manager, or with stockholders outside of the company. Business  negotiation is the very essence of diplomacy, that is its basic activity. Diplomacy and  negotiation are terms which always appear together.  Keywords: Economic diplomacy, global economy, business negotiation, global environment,  international relations, Economic diplomacy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1336]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2288">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Growth And Financial Indicators Connection]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Real macro economic factors have always been accepted as main determinants of  nations’ economies’. However, the development of financial markets and the rise of financial  activities in globalizing world economies have led financial actors to affect nations’  economies’ more and more everyday.  With the rise of liberalization process after 1980, the influences of financial  developments rised in Turkey, too. In today’s world, the effects of financial factors on  Turkish economy is more evident than any time.  In this study, with the aim of detecting the effects of financial factors on Turkish  economy, the relations between financial data as Exchange rates, interest rates and IMKB  100 index and economic growth has been analysed.  Keywords: financial data, exchange rates, interest rates, economic growth, Vector Auto  Regression Model (V.A.R).]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1350]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3089">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Importance and Using Purposes of Gypsophila L. and  Ankyropetalum Fenzl (Caryophyllaceae) of Türkiye]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Gypsophila L. is the third biggest genus of Caryophyllaceae family in  Türkiye. 55 species of the genus have been growing naturally in our country. 33  of them are endemic and total number of the taxa is 55. Ankyropetalum Fenzl is a  small genus with 3 species and 1 of them is endemic. It is agreeable that gene center  of the both genera is Türkiye. In terms of growing habitats there are large areas in  Türkiye. According to importance order East, Central and Southeast Anatolia regions  have the biggest number of taxa growing there. Ankyropetalum genus distributed only  in the Southeast Anatolia and Mediterranean regions and in their intersection areas of  Türkiye.  Both of the genera have known as “çöven, çöğen”, halvah root and largened root  parts or rhizomes are economically very important. Extracts produced from under  parts of the plants known as fire extinguisher, gold polishing, silk and cloth cleaner  and softener and crispness giving to halvah. These extracts have often used for  making liqueur, preparing herbal cheese and making ice cream. Because of giving  flavour, crispness and nice odor they generally preferred in food industry.  With different ratios all of the taxa are boron (B) hyperacumulators. For this reason  they can be used for destroyed agricultural areas. They can be planted to elevated  slopes and hills to control erosion and survive biological diversity. General character  of the family is their importance for horticulture. G. paniculata is very important for  horticulture industry. In the presentation, some information about economic  importance of the plants in the light of our observations and literatures were given.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[600]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2311">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Structure in a Rural Area in the 19th Century:  A Comparison of Eleven Villages of Bartın District of Viranşehir Sanjak]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This study aims to examine the existing economic structure of a rural area of  Ottoman Empire in 19th century. The sample field of the study is eleven villages of  Bartın district, a significant coastal town of Ottoman Empire. Voluntary sampling was  used in choosing the villages and attention was paid on choosing villages which could  reflect the overall situation of the region in terms of economic structure. By looking  into the Temettüat registers of the examined district for the year 1844, these results  were tried to be identified.  Keywords: Bartin district, Temettüat Registers, 19th Century, Ottoman Empire,  Viranşehir Sanjak, Economic Structure,.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1315]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/503">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Structure in Bartın District of Viransehir Sanjak  in late Ottoman Period  ]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This study aims to look into the economic structure of Bartın province, located in West Black Sea Region in Turkey, in the 19th century. The main resource of the study is the temettüat register no 02824 that belongs to Bartın, which was formed on the basis of the census in 1844-1845. Temettüat registers are significant archive resources that provide statistical information about the period studied as well as the region itself. Moving from data suc as the income resources, distribution of land, husbandry and labor, this study examines the economic structure of Bartın, which used to be a District of Viransehir Sanjak during the time. The study will also contribute to the literature by giving insights into the economy of Ottoman rural area in the 19th century. In addition to forestry products, the economy of Bartın depended on agriculture and husbandry during the time period studied. Agricultural production included such main products as wheat and barley while agricultural enterprises were medium-scale businesses. ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-07-15]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2412]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3344">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Economic Variable Forecasting Using Artificial Neural Network:  A Case Study in Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Since financial and economic time series are nonlinear, neural networks can  be efficiently used in the financial and economic time series forecasting. In this paper we  used machine learning technique for data mining to evaluate the predictive relationships  of economic variables of Turkey. Neural network models are examined for their  capability to provide an efficient forecast of future values. For illustration and  confirmation purposes, the proposed model is conducted on typical economic time series.  Empirical results obtained show that the proposed neural-network-based nonlinear  modeling technique is a very promising approach to economic time series forecasting.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2009-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[203]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>