<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/745">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Human Security in Bosnia, Kosovo and Albania]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[It is clear that human security is one of the main concerns of every individual. This paper is investigating human security issues in Bosnia, Albania and Kosovo in order to assess possible threat to humans. Theoretically, paper is investigating ‘the idea of human security’ with focus on material and metaphysical sources that identifying the real foundation of ‘vulnerability or resilience in a population’.  Methodology of this paper is quantitative methods and quasi-experimental design is used. In order to assess the human security secondary sources and available primary sources are used for collecting the required data. The main question of this paper is whether these countries have any concern of security and human security studies at their educational institutions which is vital for future of human being in these countries.  The paper suggests that that there is a complex situation that could be best described by a multi-cultural and multi- ethnic variation of human security.    Keywords: Human Security, Bosnia, Albanian, Threat]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2444]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/746">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle across EU Members: A Panel Approach]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The degree of integration to the international capital markets is a crucial issue for the economic policy implementations in developing countries. A major determinant of the degree of international capital mobility is the saving-investment association.   One of the biggest problems of developing countries is the insufficiency of savings for financing their investments that is crucial for economic growth. This gap is financed by foreign capital in today’s global economies. It is generally believed that, the correlation between national savings and domestic investments becomes weak when there is high capital mobility between countries. The degree of capital mobility through the domestic saving-investment interaction is first analyzed by Feldstein and Horioka (1980).    Feldstein and Horioka (1980) used regression in the investment ratio against a constant and the saving ratio in a cross section of 16 industrialized countries, which are OECD members, over the period 1960-1974 and found that the coefficient on saving was in the range of 0.85-0.95. They interpreted this finding as indicating that 85-95 % of national savings was invested in the country of origin, which implied a rejection of perfect capital mobility.   The basic conclusion of Feldstein and Horioka’s analysis is that an increase in domestic saving has a substantial effect on the level of domestic investment. However, with perfect world capital mobility, there is little or no relation between the domestic investment in a country and the amount of savings generated in that country. This result was known in the literature as the Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle. Feldstein and Horioka (1980) argued that the relationship between domestic investment and domestic saving rates is related with the international capital mobility and thus caused the rise of a puzzle in the economic literature.    The purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of capital mobility in European Union members using the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle proposed by Feldstein and Horioka (1980) in order to investigate relations between saving and investment flows.  Keywords: Feldstein–Horioka puzzle, Saving-investment, Capital mobility, European Union, Panel]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2481]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/747">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle among EU Members: A Panel Approach]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The degree of integration to the international capital markets is a crucial issue for the economic policy implementations in developing countries. A major determinant of the degree of international capital mobility is the saving-investment association.   One of the biggest problems of developing countries is the insufficiency of savings. This gap is financed by foreign capital in today’s global economies. It is generally believed that, the correlation between national savings and domestic investments becomes weak when there is high capital mobility between countries. The degree of capital mobility through the domestic saving-investment interaction is firstly analyzed by Feldstein and Horioka (1980). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of capital mobility in European Union members in a period of 1980-2012, with using the Feldstein–Horiokamethod.    Feldstein and Horioka (1980) regressed the investment ratio against a constant and the saving ratio in a cross section of 16 industrialized countries, which are OECD members, over the period 1960-1974 and found that the coefficient on saving was in the range of 0.85-0.95.   The basic conclusion of Feldstein and Horioka’s analysis is that an increase in domestic saving has a substantial effect on the level of domestic investment. However, with perfect world capital mobility, there is little or no relation between the domestic investment in a country and the amount of savings generated in that country. This result is known in the literature as the Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle. Feldstein and Horioka (1980) argued that the relationship between domestic investment and domestic saving rates is related with the international capital mobility and thus caused the rise of a puzzle in the economic literature.    Keywords: Feldstein–Horioka puzzle, Saving-investment, Capital mobility, European Union, Panel]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2441]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/748">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Female worker in European Union Labor Law and Turkish Labor Law]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The European Union social policy includes issues like increasing employment rate, ensuring free movement of labor, improving working conditions and living conditions, providing temporary assistance for unemployed, and freedom of social security and organization within the general lines. Besides all these applications, other European Union social policies can be considered as treating men and women equally, preventing discrimination and social exclusion. Even though the European Union policy developed policies just for workers and unemployed initially, today this policy has become a policy which covers everyone who is economically weak.  The first policy which is related to treating women and men equally takes place in Treaty of Rome and according to the provision no. 119. Some arrangements were made which is about balancing the charges for men and women. And this first step taken for equity of wages paved the way for regulations in order to be equal between men and women in the other areas like social security and social welfare. Also European Union Community is established for the purpose of economically this caused many regulations for women. And in this context, up to present EU, there are many legislative work and action programs in order to protect women workers, ensure equal treatment for women and men, and provide equal opportunities for women, increase women employment rate, improve family life and working life. Along these studies, the new approach which is adopted by EU within the framework of equality of women and men is about exposing equality of women and men under the main plan and policies.  When we examine Turkish law system, the principle of equal treatment for everyone is guaranteed by the constitution. In true sense, the first embodiment in Turkish work life for women who gained worker status with the industrial revolution took place in Public Health Law in 1930. Although there is no special law for women in our country, there are some provisions to prevent discrimination between men and women. At the same time, in the process of harmonization of Turkish legislation with union acquits, the arrangements for women workers have taken place in Turkish labor legislation. In this paper, the arrangements towards women workers in the context of both European Union labor law and Turkish labor law will be discussed.  Keywords:female labor, working life, European Union labor law.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2440]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/749">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Legal Perspectives on EU Integration Process of BIH: Analyses ofthe European Commission Progress Report 2013 for BIH]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Bosnia and Herzegovina has gained a status of “potential candidate country” for the accession to the European Union by the decision of the European Council in Thessaloniki in 2003, and has thus faced many obstacles in its integration process to the European Union. According to the EU integration criterion that takes a form in the economic, political, social and legal context, the authors of this paper raise the question on the legal context and issues that BH has to overcome in order to come closer to the EU idea. In this regard, the paper analyses the European commission 2013 progress report for BH as the main source as well as other relevant secondary reports in order to outline the issues in hand. The paper aims to elaborate the EU-BH integration process within the framework of legal obligations highlighting the legal instruments, institutions, systems and structures that define the legal context in this regards. Unfortunately, there are many legal challenges and the need to reform core institutional structures within the state as well as developing a practical and theoretical strategy for the BH-EU accession process that harmonizes the regulations within BH of that within the EU. Without analyzing the political criteria and the role within foreign policy, BH still has structural and institutional issues from the Dayton Peace Agreement (DPA) and lacks sufficient legal requirements, and the insufficient acknowledgement for the rule of law.    Keywords: EU integration process, Rule of Law, legal criteria, EU accession, legal obligation, integration strategy, EU progress report 2013 for BH, European commission]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2455]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/750">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Balkan Orphans]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[There are social consequences which changed of the structure of society as well as political and economic consequences of 93 War, Balkan War and Great War when occurred in the last period of the Ottoman Empire. Both refugee issue and accommodation of orphaned children was on the agenda because of lost lands and over one million people were to be martyr. Especially in Balkan War, the Empire lost %83 of land and %69 of population in Europe and so important social events occurred. A wave of migration which could not control by Ottoman Empire gave rise to the problem especially as accommodation of immigrants and orphans. 75 thousand children orphaned at the end of the war only in Bulgaria. As a result of this situation, it was established accommodation facilities called as Daruleytam in the last period of Ottoman. The purpose of this institutions was accommodation, education and crafting lessons to children of martyr’ and orphans.    Keywords:children orphans,Balkan War, education of orphans.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2472]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/751">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Econometric Analysis of Natural Disasters’ Macro-economic Impacts]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Recently the frequently occurring disasters have caused many deaths and injuries. In addition, in parallel with the size of the devastation of disaster, the economy of countries has disrupted and prosperity and development which have been gained through years of economic policies has suffered. Natural disasters affect the economy in three ways: directly, indirectly and macro-economically. In this paper, the macro-economic impacts of the disasters occurring in the 10 countries which were selected as OECD in a period of 2005 - 2014 were examined. As macroeconomic indicators, the data such as population, GDP, growth, public expenditures and schooling over 15 were employed. Moreover, this paper consists of two parts. Firstly, the macroeconomic impacts of natural disasters have been viewed in the literature. Finally, the impacts of the natural disasters on certain macro-economic indicators which compose the base of work were analyzed econometrically.    Keywords: Macro-economy, Natural Disaster, OECD.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2523]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/752">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Energy Challenges and Regional Electricity Markets: Opportunities, Barriers and Prospects for Bosnia and Herzegovina]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Electricity networks have traditionally been built and managed by government owned, vertically integrated companies. Modern systems are undergoing significant organizational, structural and technological changes. These changes are driven by two processes. The first process is market liberalization which requires reorganization of state owned monopolies, unbundling, establishment of independent system and market operator and regulatory authority. The second process is the energy transition from conventional energy sources to renewable energy. These two processes present a new energy paradigm. The process of market liberalization is mature in European Union while its practical initiation is still expected in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Important step for Bosnia and Herzegovina is integration in Southeastern Europe Regional Electricity Market. European Union policy goal is creation of a single Internal Electricity Market. This implies that electricity future of Bosnia and Herzegovina lies within the large European Electricity Market.   This paper investigates Bosnia and Herzegovina&#039;s sector and market specific policy priorities, challenges and opportunities with respect to electricity market liberalization and integration process. Main objective of this paper is to present current situation of electricity market in Bosnia and Herzegovina, identify steps required to achieve full market liberalization and assess the regulatory framework required to face challenges of a new energy paradigm. This research seeks to determine what are the opportunities and challenges of electricity market liberalization in Bosnia and Herzegovina and how do the regional integration help in overcoming current and future energy challenges. Research is undertaken by collecting and analyzing relevant electricity consumption and production data and relating them to specific market and structural policies within national and regional framework. It was determined that sector specific priorities are unbundling, restructuring and reorganization. Market specific issues such as demand and supply side imperfections can only be partially solved within national framework. Regional regulatory issues, interconnection management and global investment policy cannot be adequately managed from the national perspective and need to include adequate regional coordination mechanisms.    Key words: regional electricity market, deregulation, liberalization.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2507]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/753">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Active participation within written and spoken argumentation: The use of engagement markers across different genres]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This paper aims to demonstrate how writers and speakers actively engage readers and listeners within the argumentation through the use of engagement markers as a metadiscourse category. More precisely, it sets out to explore the function and use of engagement markers, i.e. personal pronouns, directives and questions, in three different genres, one written (editorials from newspapers) and two spoken (excerpts from talk shows and closing arguments from trials) in two different languages, Macedonian and English. The analysis is carried out on nine editorials from American and nine from Macedonian newspapers, nine excerpts from American and nine from Macedonian talk-shows, as well as five closing arguments from American trials and five from Macedonian.     It is essential for writers and speakers to know how to balance the use of these markers in order to avoid being intrusive and appear more persuasive to the readers and listeners. The research shows that there are differences in the use of the markers in the three genres in both languages. They were most frequently used in the English spoken texts (talk shows and closing arguments) and least frequently in the Macedonian closing arguments. As for their use in editorials, they were used moderately in both languages. So, on the whole, the analysis reveals that the choice of markers within the same genre depends on cultural differences, i.e. the format and perception of the type of text by the different societies. Furthermore, it also shows differences in the choice of markers across the three genres in both languages. Finally, although carried out on a relatively small corpus, this research gives insight into the dialogic nature of argumentation and its impact on the persuasive effect of written and spoken texts in different genres and languages.     Key words: metadiscourse, argumentation, engagement markers, editorials, talk shows, closing arguments]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-16]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2829]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/754">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Gender Differences in Political Discourse]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Public speakers have always had a sense of authority and power upon them, and this area was male area for a long time. Together with different social changes such as Women’s Movement, women became more emancipated, participating in public sphere to a larger extent influencing thus the area of political discourse too.  Key question is whether gender and supposed gender characteristics and differences connected to interaction styles and public speaking affect creation of political discourse and differences in its structure between male and female politicians or they are not an important factor for political discourse. In other words, does gender affect a person’s political subjectivity?  The thesis is that gender specific differences in language use and use of syntactic, semantic, pragmatic structures, lexical style and rhetorical strategies create differences in political discourse between male and female politicians. Can these differences help the hegemonic construction of female identity in political discourse? The aim of the paper is to analyze language differences in connection with supposed gender characteristics and place them into context of political discourse.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-12]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2839]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>