being diagnosed with brain cancer, group 0 has the highest percentage in one month after the diagnosis, while group -2 has the lowest percentage. Most genes shift their clusters when Kmeans and hierarchical clustering techniques we compared with the genes from the control and disease groups. The result of the measure of dissimilarity between the genes expression patterns indicates that the K-means technique outperforms the hierarchical technique with a higher rate
of change in the cluster.]]> characteristics.]]> anxiety, based on their answers to the questionnaires, and the attributes of the participants. Based on the results given by the studies, the youngest population (age 18-29), which participated in the surveys, experienced more intense depression and anxiety symptoms than participants from other age groups.]]>
Journal of Natural Sciences and Engineering (JONSAE) is a peer-reviewed biannual journal that aims at the publication and dissemination of original research articles on the latest developments in the fundamental theory, practice and application of engineering, science, and technology.

We provide a platform for researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students to impart and share knowledge in the form of high-quality empirical and theoretical research papers. The journal covers all areas of Genetics and Bioengineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Information Technology, Architecture, Applied Mathematics, Computer Sciences, and Civil Engineering.

In this issue, I would like to express my gratitude to our authors and manuscript reviewers for their unselfish effort. You have continued your commitment and diligence to the Journal in helping us to produce quality and meaningful content that has the opportunity to advance the field. All of us had personal and professional challenges due to the pandemic and yet despite this, we managed to produce quality content and improve JONSAE’s indexation and future perspectives in terms of its metrics and quality growth. Thank you all for being part of this wonderful academic endeavor. We have both original research and literature review articles published in this issue. Our readers can learn details about how data technology and engineering ventures can contribute to medicine in the form of predictions for depression and anxiety as well as how to use machine learning-based gene clustering in brain cancer classification. Also, you can find out what is the potential of biomaterial-based solutions in cancer research treatment and can homicides be solved using the classification method. In the end, you can read about a staple gene in pharmacogenomics research, CYP4F2*3, and the effect of its polymorphism on different traits, including optimum anticoagulation therapy administration based on the patient’s genetics.
In the end, we plan to build upon the excellent editorial infrastructure in the next years. In addition to managing the normal turnover of the Editorial Board members, we will seek to expand it by recruiting additional members who can provide expertise in areas that are not currently well represented. In particular, we hope to recruit board members with expertise in such areas as statistical and biostatistical methods, computer science, bioengineering, and biomedical engineering, among others. We also hope to leverage the expertise of the Editorial Board members to train the next generation of scholars and potential Editorial Board members by finding ways to pair student reviewers with senior reviewers for a peer-review mentorship as a part of building a better research environment for new scientists. A similar approach is planned for the administrative members of the Editorial Board, with the aim of improving the quality of the
overall Journal design and acquiring a modern visual identity.

Having in mind all stated, I wholeheartedly invite you to read this issue and join our team.

Yours sincerely,
Adna Ašić, PhD
Editor in Chief]]> The Potential of Biomaterial-Based Solutions in Cancer Research and Treatment Hannah Boone
Literature review
(pg. 4 -11)
Analysis of High School Graduate Data Using Database Analytics Tools
Ezana Ćeman, Samed Jukić
Original research
(pg. 12-26)
Frequency Locked Loop in Estimating Active, Reactive and Apparent Powers Meris Lihić, Slobodan Lubura
Original research
(pg. 27-42)
Prediction of Solved Homicides Using Classification Method
Lamija Zukić, Samed Jukić
Original research
(pg. 43-49)
Machine Learning-Based Gene Clustering on Brain Cancer Using K-Means and Hierarchical Clustering Methods
Fatih Yilmaz
Original research
(pg. 50-61)
Recommendation Engine on IPTV
Vedad Njuhović
Original research
(pg. 62-69)
Depression and Anxiety Analysis and Prediction using Big Data Technologies Mersiha Ćeranić
Original research
(pg. 70-83)
Prevalence of rs2108622 (CYP4F2*3) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism – A Review
Selma Žiga, Hana Efendić, Larisa Bešić
Literature review
(pg.84-92)
]]> the problem of heavy metal contamination in the environment, most notably in
the soil. Phytoremediation is one approach for tackling this issue through the use of leafy plants for the uptake of excess heavy metals from the soil. An example of such plant species are the members of the Brassica genus which, when put in
contact with different heavy metals present in soil, will act to remove them and
therefore decrease their concentration. Heavy metals that are mostly observed in
this context were copper, lead, and zinc, because of their abundance in different ecological environments. Different plants in general have a satisfactory phytoremediation potential, depending on the plant part, heavy metals in question, as well as used remediation technique. Therefore, introducing Brassica spp. into use would be a good way of enhancing the quality of the environment.]]> of years as natural medicines with therapeutic and other pharmacologic
effects. Bioactive compounds found in plants, such as flavonoids, trace minerals,
essential oils, phenols, glycosides, alkaloids, and tannins, can affect
microbial growth, reproduction, and essential cell functions. Plants of the
Amaranthaceae family have a broad range of bioactive phytochemical
constituents, which provide a variety of medicinal benefits. This review article
discusses the characteristics of Amaranthaceae plants that may indicate their
use as medicinal plants, especially against infectious diseases. According to the
literature, Amaranthaceae plants contain considerable levels of bioactive
compounds that make them effective in traditional medicine, even though their
impact on numerous microbes has yet to be examined.]]> and Droplet Digital PCR of KRAS G12 / G13 Mutation]]> presence of genomic alterations including DNA mutations, deletions, insertions,
translocations, inversions, and others. KRAS gene is one of the most mutated
genes across different cancer types. The most common mutations in KRAS are
found in codons 12 and 13 of KRAS protein, which are associated with a lack of
response to anti- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody therapy. This
study assessed and compared the performance between two diagnostic methods:
droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and next generation sequencing (NGS). The main
goal was to determine KRAS G12 / G13 mutant allele fraction using NGS and to
compare the accuracy toddPCR. A total of 28 samples of non – small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed using ddPCR and
NGS methods. Our results show that even though both methods exhibited high
rate of concordance and correlation, the study proved that ddPCR is more
superior when it comes to detecting low frequency mutations. Even though strong
correlation was observed, based on the values obtained, we concluded that ddPCR
is more accurate, reliable, and sensitive in comparison with NGS.]]> Sarajevo Canton residents by analyzing the biochemical test results for the
samples from the study cohort collected in 2021 for the following testing panels:
lipid panel, liver panel, thyroid panel, electrolyte panel, and prostate panel.
Along with the biochemical components that are tested, their physiological
importance and consequences of deregulation, we are introducing the reasons
for ordering the tests, as well as potential findings and conclusions from the
testing results. Devices that were used for this research are Gesan Chem 200
(Gesan Production, Campobello di Mazara, Italy) and Architect 1000 (Abbot,
Chicago, IL), both operated according to manufacturer’s instructions. The
collection of demographic data and test results was performed through usage of
Laboratory Information System (LIS). Test results of the study participants
were compared with referent values, as provided for the population average.
Initial results were summarized and compared through descriptive statistics,
while the exact test of goodness-of-fit was used to assess the compliance of
observed data with expected referent values. Demographic trends, in terms of
which sex and/or age group are more likely to have any tested parameter
deregulated, either increased or decreased, are presented and discussed in
detail. Finally, recommendations for future testing and prophylaxis are given.]]> Journal of Natural Sciences and Engineering (JONSAE) is a peer-reviewed biannual journal
that aims at the publication and dissemination of original research articles on the latest
developments in the fundamental theory, practice and application of engineering, science, and
technology. We provide a platform for researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners,
and students to impart and share knowledge in the form of high-quality empirical and
theoretical research papers. The journal covers all areas of genetics and bioengineering,
electrical and electronics engineering, information technology, architecture, applied
mathematics, computer sciences, and civil engineering.

In this first issue in 2022, I would like to express my gratitude to our authors and manuscript
reviewers for their unselfish effort. You have continued your commitment and diligence to the
Journal in helping us to produce quality and meaningful content that has the opportunity to
advance the field. All of us had personal and professional challenges due to the pandemic and
return to in-class teaching and yet despite this, we managed to assure continuous publication
of our Journal. Thank you all for being part of this wonderful academic endeavor.
This issue is dedicated to natural sciences only, whereby we have two original research articles
and two review articles. Original articles are dealing with testing results for the patients in the
Canton Sarajevo, one related to biochemical blood analyses and another to cancer genetics.
When it comes to literature reviews, we are changing the pace and are pointing our interest
towards plants; the reviews are dealing with plants in medicine and environmental science.

In the end, we plan to build upon the excellent editorial infrastructure in the next years. In
addition to managing the normal turnover of the Editorial Board members, we will seek to
expand it by recruiting additional members who can provide expertise in areas that are not
currently well represented. In particular, we hope to recruit board members with expertise in
such areas as statistical and biostatistical methods, computer science, bioengineering, and
biomedical engineering, among others. We also hope to leverage the expertise of the Editorial
Board members to train the next generation of scholars and potential Editorial Board members
by finding ways to pair student reviewers with senior reviewers for a peer-review mentorship
as a part of building a better research environment for new scientists. A similar approach is
planned for the administrative members of the Editorial Board, with the aim of improving the
quality of the overall Journal design and acquiring a modern visual identity.

Having in mind all stated, I wholeheartedly invite you to read this issue and join our team.

Yours sincerely,
Adna Ašić
Editor in Chief]]> Phytoremediation: A Green Approach to Fight Heavy Metal Contamination in the Soil Jasmin Novalic
Literature review
(pg. 2 - 11)
The Presence of Bioactive Compounds in Plants of the Amaranthaceae Family and Their Use in Medicine: A Review
Lejla Kadric
Literature review
(pg. 12 - 31)
Comparison Test of Sensitivity Between Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Hotspot Panel and Droplet Digital PCR of KRAS G12 / G13 Mutation
Azra Hajdarevic, Lana Salihefendic, Rijad Konjhodzic, Adis Kandic, Ivana Ceko, Dino Pecar, Muhamed Curic, Amina Kurtovic – Kozaric
Original research
(pg. 32 - 41)
The Assessment of the General Health Status of the Sarajevo Canton Residents Through General Biochemical Testing Results
Faris Ramic
Original research
(pg. 42 - 55) ]]>