<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1531">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Contributions of Non-governmental and Governmental  Organizations to Bosnian and Turkish Societies]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In this research while it will be examined that the conquest of Bosnia and  Herzegovina by the Ottoman Empire, at the same time some historical  facts regarding to Bosniaks and Ottomans will be provided moreover prewar  and post war durations will be examined, especially this study will  focus on situations right after the war and current situations between  Turks and the Bosniaks. For all of that during this period the contributions  of some Non-governmental and governmental foundations will be  provided. In order to explain contributions of these foundations, we will  use their activities which have been making in Bosnia and Herzegovina  and Turkey.  Keywords: Foundations, Governmental Organizations, Non-Governmental  Organizations, Contributions of the Organizations.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1592]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1530">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Impact of Infrastructure Investments on Regional  Economic Performance: A Meta-Analysis]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Today, the notion of regional competition shapes regional economic  policies, and these policies improve regions’ competitive power, in  addition to channelizing the resources into the underdeveloped regions  and supporting some of the activities in underdeveloped regions.  Infrastructure investments, which can be evaluated as among these policy  instruments, can be a determining factor in the choice of the facility  location and can increase the output as well as private sector investments  through increase in private capital and labour productivity. Furthermore,  increase in public infrastructure investment expenditures will promote the  demand through the multiplier impact in the short term and price  decreases caused by the productivity improvement in infrastructure  investments in the long term; this demand impact will cause an increase in  the whole production and employment. At the same time, public  infrastructure investments afford cities, regions, and nations the  opportunity to improve their competitive structures, due to the fact that  they are able to decrease transportation and production costs.  Gramlich (1994: 1177) defines infrastructure investments as natural  monopolies that require large capital intensity, such as highway and other  transportation means, water and drainage lines, and communication  systems and also alternatively defines and stresses that it is necessary to  focus on the tangible capital stock possessed by the public sector. The  expanded version of this definition also includes human capital as well as  research and development investments. These types of infrastructure  investments enable public policies to influence the long-term growth and  productivity at the regional level. Particularly following the study of  Aschaur (1989), many studies have been done in order to determine the  impacts of different infrastructure types on national and regional economic  growth by using various ways and methods. Some of these studies, that were done particularly since 1990s, mentioned that economic and social  infrastructure investments directly impact (or indirectly impact through  externalities) regional output, private sector investments, costs, and  employment. Studies also showed that these investments increased the  competitive power of regions.  In this study, the impact of infrastructure investments on regional  economic performance has been investigated by using the meta-analysis  methodology. Meta-analysis is a method used for quantitatively aggregate  primary research studies in a particular field. A large collection of primary  studies from a particular body of literature is surveyed in accordance with  predefined coding protocols and procedures. Studies included in a metaanalysis  need to be empirical and should examine similar and/or same  constructs and relationships. In the current study, we have examined the  relationship between infrastructure investments and regional economic  performance thus included the studies that examined this relationship. In  order to identify the sample of primary studies, we have initially searched  the bibliography of previously published review studies on the same topic.  We have also searched online databases for identifying the sample papers.  This process yielded 87 numbers of studies, which were then reduced to 70  due to the inadequate data. The papers will be coded based on certain  study characteristics, and then the data analysis will be done using SPSS  statistical software package.  Keywords: Public Infrastructure Investments, Private Investments,  Regional Income, Regional Economic Performance, Meta-Analysis.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1651]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1529">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Bosnia and Herzegovina - Turkey Relations: Aid  Perspective]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Turkey’s existence in Balkans dates back to centuries. As of this long  historical background Turkey has still strong ties with the Balkan countries  in general and particularly the population that are described as friend and  / or relative communities. In this respect, Bosnia and Herzegovina has a  special place in Turkish approach not only in terms of foreign policy but  also public point of view. Resulting from its crucial importance, Bosnia and  Herzegovina has always been a preferential region by Turkish decisionmakers  and considered one of the highest priorities of Turkish aid policy.  Turkey, which is a re-emerging donor and power at the region, tries to use  the assistance factor as a diplomacy instrument. Therefore this paper does  mainly focus on the role of Turkish aid in the bilateral relations. By  summarizing the cooperation and aid affairs at the late Ottoman period,  the article rather enlightens the post - independence years of the country.  While the study aims to briefly touch on the theoretical aspect of aid  instrument on one hand, it also scrutinizes both the characteristics and the  effectiveness of Turkish aid, on the other hand. When the past two decade  is taken into consideration, no doubt that Turkish International  Cooperation and Coordination Agency (TİKA) has put an appearance as the  institutional base for Turkish assistance. As TİKA has officially been  declared the national coordinator agency for Turkish foreign assistance by  2005, TİKA’s role is analysed under the selected aid activities. By using  these prominent examples, the article tends to reflect their impact to  bilateral relations and the perception in Bosnia and Herzegovina in this  context. How efficient was the Turkish aid to the country and what should  be done for a better cooperation are the basic problematic areas to be  handled. In order to contribute to the on-going altruistic efforts so far, the  paper points out a set of ideas which may give concrete results in  optimizing the current affairs.  Keywords: Aid Policy, Balkans, Bosnia and Herzegovina, TİKA, Turkey.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1508]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1528">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Relationship between Affective Commitment (Ac) and  Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Ocb): A Study on  Public and Private Enterprises in Dinar District]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Meyer and Allen (1991) suggested a model of organizational commitment with  three dimensions: Affective commitment, continuance commitment and  normative commitment. The first one is related to willing to stay in  organizations. The employee wants to stay in his or her organization because  he or she loves his or her organization. Even if other organizations give better  job offers, they keep working in their organizations. So, this type of  organizational commitment is very important for organizations. Especially to  retain well-educated and hard-working human resources in organizations,  organizations must have employees that committed to their organizations by  affective.  Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) can be defined as “the individual  behaviors not defined directly or clearly in formal reward system but  contribute to the organizational effectiveness”. Organ (1990) suggested a  model of organizational citizenship behavior with five dimensions:  Conscientiousness, altruism, civic virtue, sportsmanship, and courtesy.  The objective of this paper is to determine the relationship between affective  commitment (AC) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The  importance of the study is great for especially enterprises operating in crisis.  Employees committed to their organizations by affective and acting OCB will  probably keep working in the same organization even if there is economic  crisis.  The area of the study is public and private enterprises in Dinar district of  Afyonkarahisar. The samples will be selected from the population by the  method of decisional sampling.  To determine the relationship between affective commitment and  organizational citizenship behavior, the analysis of regression and correlation  will be performed. The data will be entered into the Statistics Program of  Social Sciences and processed. Finally, the findings, conclusions and  recommendations will be presented. ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1661]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1527">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Social Aspects of the Economic Crisis: An Evaluation of  Sociology of Economics]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Economic crises, which occur on a regular basis in the capitalist system,  means the opportunity in Chinese language, affect all segments of society.  Capitalism is an economic system that is common in today’s world is open  to crises as its nature. On the basis of the crisis of the capitalist system has  a tendency to falling rate of profit. After the process of 1929 depression  which is the most famous and oldest crisis experienced by the system, it is  observed that as of 1980, the increasing economic globalization  movements trigger the nature of the economic crisis. These crises, in  comparison to the pre-globalization term, increase the effects of the  economic facts such as balance of payments, inflation and unemployment  which reflects to the society, at the same time moved economic  determinants to an international dimension. Impact of the economic crisis  that occurred worldwide, established noticeable changes in the socioeconomic  life of local communities. Addition to the macro-economic  effects, insecurity and pessimistic approach of individuals nourishes the  risk of contagiousness of the crisis. While in general, the academic  literatures emphasize the economic analyses on crisis, sociological  dimensions of the subject are not sufficiently analysed. At this point, it is a  fact that up to date and comprehensive analyses are needed in the context  of sociology of economics.  In this study, economic analyses of the economic crisis and its sociological  effects will be examined. Issues such as unemployment, income inequality  and as result poverty, increase in crime and divorce rates which are among  the sociological effects come forward.  This study aims to analyse and to share the results of the sociological  effects of the crisis which can be seen and measured. Some of the  sociological effects have quantitative trait while others do not. In addition, each country has different socio-cultural characteristics and they are not  experiencing the same social consequences during the economic crisis.  Referred to the concept of contagion effect in economics, a severe crisis  occurs in a country or a sector and affects the whole world. Alike effects of  the economic crisis to other areas such as social-political-cultural-religious  vary from society to society. This distinction is explained as a sociological  fact that societies with different social dynamics.  As these points and purposes, the basic question of the study can be  summarized as follows: What are the most obvious and measurable socioeconomic  consequences of the crises? With these results, the nature of the  interaction between the causes of the economic crisis will be discussed in  this study.  Keywords: Capitalism, Economic Crisis, Sociology of Economics, Social  Dynamics, The Effect of Contagion]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1499]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1526">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Global Crisis of 2008 and its Effects on an Emerging  Economy of Turkey’s Growth Process]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[By the year 1980 with a new world order began to take shape more clearly,  the crisis started to gain global feature. All economies involved in the  global system were forced to play the role given by the new order.  In this study, within the framework of this new order, effects of the last  global crisis of 2008, and the rising economy in Turkey will be discussed. At  the same time the course and speed of the effects of the crisis will be  revealed. The basis of the study which is enriched by the statistical studies  will be formed by self-effects as well as the taken and applied economic  decisions.  In the first section, the process after the national crisis that Turkey had  experienced since 2001 will be evaluated. It has been identified that  Turkey has shown a negative growth from 2002 to 2008. In 2009, Turkey  experienced strict contraction and began to recover in 2010. However,  experiencing the growth rate of 7.7% until 2009 has emerged as a  contradiction since the growth rate was 4.5% even in the 1950s. Today, if  this rate is not increased, convergence is inevitable, which is the focal point  of the study.  Another focal point of the study is, the next 10-year period in Turkey&#039;s  contribution to production due to the young population will peak of the  active population, and will develop a low risk banking system and the goal  of being the 10th greatest country by the year 2023.  In the case of what can be done to achieve that goal; Interest and inflation  will not increase but followed more loosely program than in the past,  maintenance of the external source input and the others. In addition, The SMEs, which are major determinant of the goal of  becoming the 10th greatest economy of the world, effects on the  economy, their more than 80% value added share in the world, since it is  30% in Turkey will be discussed in the part of the study.  At the same time, it is identified that SMEs which have contribution in  dealing with the crisis have experienced the following events in the global  financial crisis. For example SMEs; Tried to survive by reducing profit  margins and increasing their reputation by increasing advertisement  expenses.  Keywords: Global Crisis, Turkey, Emerging Economy, SME, Expansion]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1493]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1525">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Reconstruction of the Turkish Public Administration in the  Process of European Union: Systems of Accountability]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The aim of the research: increasing globalization and regional integration  movements in recent years have made more significant Turkey&#039;s membership  to European Union. Turkey that is trying to adapt the European Union  acquirements from the economic, political, legal and administrative points has  to be reconstructing its public administration. Accordingly, systems of  accountability that is effective in the public administrations of the European  Union Countries have to be effective in Turkish public administration, too.  In this study, it is aimed to determine what sort of changes has to be made in  order to adapt European Union acquirements through analyzing the present  systems of accountability in Turkish public administration.  In the study, at first, literature review is made in accordance with  accountability of Turkish and the European Union countries public  administrations. After that, data is collected in accordance with the functions  of the systems of accountability in local administrations through observations  and interviews. Finally, the knowledge is obtained from literature review is  analyzed together with the collected data about the systems of accountability  in Turkish public administration.  The necessary changes that have to be made are explained, emphasizing the  different aspects of present systems of accountability in Turkish public  administration from the EU acquirements.  In conceptual sense, accountability cannot be seen only able to give accounts,  obligation of giving accounts, responsibility of giving accounts as a single way  of administration, auditing and control but also it is evaluated as a double way  and reciprocal systems, including obtaining accounts, demanding accounts,  able to attain information and transparency. In the point of application, it is  argued issues of the degree of applications in order to adapt EU acquirements,  development of the administrative and technical structure of the public  institutions, training of public workers, increasing the satisfaction of public  service beneficiaries, so on.  Keywords: European Union, Turkish Public Administration, Accountability.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1548]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1524">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Examination of Factors Affecting Earnings Management  Practices: Evidence from ISE]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Management can utilize flexibilities for manipulating financial statements  in order to mislead stakeholders. One of the most common ways to  manipulate earnings is using accruals. This study aims to find discretionary  accrual behaviors of Turkish listed firms and underlying factors of these  behaviors in 2008 crisis. Discretionary accruals models are applied for  detecting earnings management practices of listed firms. Performance  matched model of Kothari et.al without intercept is selected in estimating  discretionary accruals and discretionary accruals of firms for 2008 are  computed.  Main findings of the study reveal that there is a significant inverse  relationship between percentage of publicly held shares and discretionary  accruals. In other words, the more a company has diffused ownership, the  less it manipulates earnings. Results also expose no relationship between  board of director characteristics and discretionary accruals and there is an  inverse relation between asset sizes of companies and discretionary  accruals, though significance is low.  Keywords: Earnings Management, Ownership Structure, ISE.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1525]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1523">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[PSIHOANALITIČKA KRITIKA I DVIJE TANPINAROVE PRIPOVIJETKE]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Ključne riječi: psihoanalitička književna kritika, Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, drugo, sebstvo, identitet  SAŽETAK  Rad predstavlja čitanje dvije pripovijetke Ahmeta Hamdija Tanpınara, Ljetna kiša i Snovi, u vizuri psihoanalitičke književne kritike. U radu se identificira središnja misao teksta a potom problematizira sa aspekta psihoanalitičke epistemologije. Proces se odvijao na dvije međusobno povezane, ali ipak različite platforme, gdje je prva imala za cilj na vidjelo izvući latentne misli tekstova, služeći se psihoanalitičkim simbolima za dešifriranje njihovih kodova, uz osvrt na osobitosti autorovog društvenog i osjećajnog života. Druga platforma uključivala je drugo i Drugost i to najčešće u vezi sa problematiziranjem identiteta/identiteta, procesima subjektivacije, ili pitanjima sebstva. Odabrane pripovijetke A. H. Tanpınara čitane su uz pretpostavku da su vrijednosti univerzalne, da je ono o čemu se piše neovisno od konteksta, ali i da smisao nije uvjetovan namjerom pisca. Također, ovaj način čitanja predstavlja uvid u drukčija mišljenja o tekstu, gdje se različito gleda na ustaljenje modele koje tekst odražava, identifikujući stvarnost kao odnos bitnog i rubnog unutar nje. Treba podvući da rad nije u funkciji isticanja marginalnog, iako se psihoanalitičkim čitanjem detaljno pregleda rubno, odnosno, ekscentrično, već se fokusira na uočavanje procesa koji nastaju kroz suočavanje centralnih i marginalnih identiteta.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-17]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2017]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2203-4548     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1522">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[SEYAHATNAMELERİN ETNOGRAFİK METİN OLARAK ÇÖZÜMLENMESİ: EVLİYA ÇELEBİ’NİN ANTAKYASI VE GÜNÜMÜZE ARTAKANLAR]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Anahtar Kelimeler: Antakya, Evliya Çelebi, Antropoloji, Etnografi.  ÖZET  Antakya tarihi çok eski dönemlere dayanan, Akdeniz bölgesinin en doğu ucunda yer alan bir geçiş bölgesi kentidir. Tarihin her döneminden günümüze kadar birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapan bu kent, çok kültürlü yapısına günümüzde olduğu gibi Osmanlılar döneminde de yansıtmıştır. Ünlü Seyyah Evliya Çelebi’nin kaleminden aktardığı Osmanlı dönemi Antakya’sına ait notlar tarihi bilgi olmanın çok ötesinde etnografik metinler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle, seyyahın eseri tarihçiler, coğrafyacılar, arkeologlar ve tıpçılar açısından önemli olmakla birlikte, aynı zamanda da interdisipliner bir çalışma alanı olan antropologlar için toplumsal yapı, ekonomi, dinsel inanç, gelenek ve kültürün analizin de son derece önemli etnografik bir kaynaktır. Evliya Çelebi’nin zaman zaman abartılı anlatısı dışında, olayın içinde bizzat kendisinin bulunması, gittiği yerlerde yaşaması ve birebir gözlem yapabilmesi sonucu ortaya koyduğu veriler, dönem kent kimliğinin açıkça ortaya konulmasına ışık tutmaktadır. Toplum tarafından sözlü biçimde aktarılan kendi dönemine ait olmayan olayları yazılı hale getirerek dönemin toplumsal belleği üzerine verileri aktarmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda bu bildiride, Evliya Çelebi’nin gözünden o dönem Antakya’sına ilişkin, mimari, kültürel, coğrafik, dini, sanatsal ve ekonomik gözlemlerini ele aldığı seyahatnamesinde ki yazılı veriler etnografik açıdan yeniden yorumlanmış, günümüz Antakya’sın da o dönemden artakalanlar ortaya konulmuştur.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-17]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2172]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2203-4548     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>