<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3072">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Differences In Fınancial Reportıng And Importance Of  Harmonizatıon]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Financial Reporting is reached informations that can be used for making decisions with  financial issues by decision makers. Technological developments facilitated to access information  but it is not enough. It is more important that financial information can be understood by all  relevant. Comparability and transparency requirements in financial reporting and accounting have  become more pronounced. Nevertheless, countries‘ financial reporting standards and structures of  setting standards have varied. These differences have originated from structures of legal and  financial systems, shareholding structure of companies and financial methods. The development of  the accountancy profession level is effective on these differences. Harmonization is a process that  could reduce differences of accounting practices and accounting regulations. Multinational  enterprices have benefitted from harmonization efforts to compare financial reports for providing a  competitive advantage.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[179]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3023">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International English Abbreviations:Manifestation of Proficiency in  English]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[English abbreviations used on an international scale are of vital importance in the  daily usage of English not only speaking, but also in listening, reading and writing. In order to  be proficient in English, besides knowing the structures, vocabulary and other aspects of the  language, EFL learners should be equipped with standard uses of international abbreviations  such as WHO, ILO, and UN. To this end, 45 intermediate-level EFL students and 40 advanced  students, studying at Kafkas University, Turkey, were assigned as the subjects of the study.  The participants were given 20 most commonly used international English abbreviations in  written form and they were asked to write how much they know them. The results were  evaluated using SPSS 17 for windows. Descriptive statistics and Independent t-test were used  for the assessment of the results. According to the result of the study, USA UK ,and NATO  were known by the participants (100%) as they are encountered not only in the textbooks and  materials but also in the media, however the least known abbreviations were ECHR 0(0%),  RSVP 0(0%) and ILO 02(2,4%), respectively. The results showed that there was no significant  difference between male and female students as well as between intermediate an advanced  students (p&gt;0,05).]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[401]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1705">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Entrepreneurial Orientation and  Performance Outcomes in Export Markets]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Global economic integration with the diffusion of information and  communication technologies forces many business enterprises to  internationalize. This evolution brings opportunities and threats to  business management, as well opens up new fields for academic research.  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of firms’ international  entrepreneurial orientation on their export market performances. Based  on the literature, which implies entrepreneurial orientation is critical for  market success; this research intends to evaluate the phenomenon for  Turkish exporter firms.  From year 2000 to 2011, Turkey increased its world share in outward  foreign direct investment stock by 146% (UNCTAD, 2012). Besides, Turkey’s  total merchandise import and export volume is around USD 400 billions,  which constituted 1% of world trade in 2011 (World Trade Organization,  2012). In respect to the emergence of Turkish enterprises in world  business, it is assumed that their international entrepreneurial orientation  would be remarkable to investigate.  International entrepreneurship, being considered as the subset of  international business and entrepreneurship areas, is defined as “the  discovery, enactment, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities –  across national borders- to create future goods and services” (Oviatt and  McDougall, 2005). The study of international entrepreneurship is gaining  momentum since 1990s. Prestigious academic journals such as  Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice (1996), Academy of Management  Journal (2000), International Business Review (2005), and European Management Journal (2008) published special issues on the subject. So, it  is evident that international entrepreneurship is an establishing and a wellreceived  field of interest in management science.  While studies on international entrepreneurship seem increasing, there is  still a need to develop measures for this construct. Dimitratos et al. (2012)  operationalized international entrepreneurship based on entrepreneurial  orientation (EO) research. They developed a scale labeled “international  entrepreneurial culture” (IEC) that is composed of six dimensions: (i)  international market orientation, (ii) international learning orientation, (iii)  international innovation propensity, (iv) international risk attitude, (v)  international networking orientation, and (vi) international motivation.  This study intends to take this IEC scale for measuring international  entrepreneurial orientation as the independent variable.  The dependent variable of the research is export market performance.  Deriving from the valid scales developed by Zou, et al. (1998), Lages and  Lages (2004), Diamantopoulos and Kakkos (2007); export market  performance will be measured by firms’ sales revenue, increase of sales,  profitability, market share, and new product penetration in the export  markets. On the other hand, firms’ international business experience, size,  and industry would be evaluated as the control variables.  Within this framework, the scope of the research is exporting companies in  Turkey. By purposive sampling, a total of 660 members of export  association boards under Turkish Exporters Assembly would be inquired.  Retrieved data will be analyzed with Spearman and Pearson correlations,  as well with multiple linear regressions.  As a matter of fact, this abstract is submitted to the International  Conference on Economic and Social Studies 2013. The research is at early  stage and in case of its acceptance to the Conference; it will indeed  advance through further discussions by peer scholars in management.  Keywords: International Entrepreneurship, Export Performance, Turkey.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1495]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2992">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Financial Reporting Standards for Smes and  The Applicatıon Process In Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Today, 95% of the world and in our country&#039;s economic system occurs from  the Small and Medium-Large Enterprises (SMEs) constitute. Only the European Union,  more than 25,000,000 and in our country 1.000.000 companies is estimated in the SME  status. As shown the SMEs get a large share of sector ,the existence of their special  structure, has become inevitable. One of these special structure, is financial reporting.  Increasingly widespread use of International Financial Reporting Standards,the issue of  how to implement those standards to SMEs, has been brought up. And for this problem in  2009 &quot;SMEs for IFRS&#039;&#039;was published. by IFRS.  In this context, the basic aim of our study is to investigate and see the implemention  proses of ―IFRS for SMEs‖ which resolve the differences of national accounting systems  that applied in various countries of the world and will enable to comparison of financial  reports and to see how affects and what would bring to Turkey‘s economic system.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[188]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3259">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International On-Line Degree Programs in Higher Education: Proposals for Albania, Turkey and University Computer Centers]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Higher education is education provided by universities and other institutions that award  academic degrees. Higher education includes both the teaching and the research activities of universities,  and within the realm of teaching, it includes both the undergraduate level (sometimes referred to as  tertiary education) and the graduate (or postgraduate) level (sometimes referred to as quaternary  education or graduate school). Higher education differs from other forms of post-secondary education  such as vocational education. However, most professional education is included within higher education,  and many postgraduate qualifications are strongly vocationally or professionally oriented, for example in  disciplines such as law and medicine. In this study the trends in higher education, the effects of  globalization on higher education, the opportunities presented by communication and information  technologies; and the effects of changes in higher education on globalization will be mentioned. At the  end of the present study a road map will be presented by taking the suggestions and position of Turkey  and Albania as a starting point for computer centers at universities.   ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2009-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[409]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/159">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Relations and Policy Development of the Republic of Macedonia (doi: 10.14706/ICESOS174)]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Abstract: In order to recapture the essence and justification of this paper, the source of this theoretical  review we found it in the definition of statehood. After the end of the thirty years of civil war in Europe and  the signing of the peace treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the creation and development of the country began to   the form that we know today.    In terms of increasing interdependence between the countries, the question of their mutual cooperation is  essential. For the states equally important segment with internally arranged relations is the manner on  which they concern and regulate the international relations.     State boundaries are endpoints to where sovereignty lies within a country. The authorities within it regulate  the relations inside and the nature of its international positions. The highest authority, which does not  recognize any other form of higher power, is sovereignty. Considering that the law, especially the  international, is an active matter open to interpretation, although the basic features of a country are clear,  yet there are two types of states divided to a de jure- existing under law and de facto-existing in reality,  based on the matter whether and which of the characteristics of statehood they own.     Republic of Macedonia, has raised the issue of the international relations high. Confirmation of the said is  the chapter VI of the Constitution, which is dedicated to this issue. Except the Constitution, the area of the  international relations is stipulated by the Law on Foreign Affairs and the Law of signing, ratification and  execution of the international contracts. The Law on Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Macedonia, precisely  defines the concepts of &quot;foreign affairs&quot; and &quot;foreign policy&quot;.       Keywords: state, recognition, politics, government, rule, sovereignty, international relations, international  development]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2017]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[3635]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/492">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Scientific Conference: „Establishment of a  Modern Legal System“ – Review]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Dana 24. oktobra 2014. godine, na Internacionalnom Burč univerzitetu u  Sarajevu održana je međunarodna naučno-stručna konferencija na temu: „Izgradnja  modernog pravnog sistema“. Konferenciju su zajednički organizirali Centar za  društvena istraživanja Internacionalnog Burč univerziteta, pravni fakulteti iz Bosne i  Hercegovine (Sarajevo, Bihać, Zenica, Tuzla, Pravni fakultet Univerziteta „Džemal  Bijedić“ u Mostaru i Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Mostaru), te fakulteti za  kriminalistiku i sigurnosne studije Univerziteta u Sarajevu i Mariboru. Tendencija  Centra za društvena istraživanja kao voditelja projekta upravo i jeste u stvaranju  čvrste veze među predstavnicima pravnih fakulteta u našoj zemlji, a sukladno tome  organiziranju zajedničkih događaja koji će okupljati istaknute pravne praktičare i  akademske radnike.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2015]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2884]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/709">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Trade and Foreign Direct Investments: Albanian Case]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This paper observes the effects of international trade in Albania and related with it focuses more on the explanation of foreign direct investments and creation of outsources and franchises in Albania. Many theories have been adopted to explain the reasons why some countries agree to invest abroad and others to receive FDIs like; law of perfect markets, law of imperfect markets and other theories. According to INSTAT Albania started to recover with money transfers coming from immigrants which grew from US$324 million in 1999 to US$531 million in 2000. Investments in physical capital such as in ports, roads, transportation infrastructure have effected in Albanian International trade. Also investments in banking sector have affected economy in latest years. Portfolio investment and bank relationships between countries can increase the bilateral trade. Examples in Albania are Raiffeisen Bank that makes the relations between the German states and Albania which holds 19 “NOSTRO” accounts with 15 banks in all the world and helps in “creation of money”. Also NBG bank holds 8 “NOSTRO” accounts with all countries and makes most of the transactions between Greece and Albania. Also National Commercial Bank makes mostly the relations in transactions with Turkey, which is in Balkan region and nearest partner treading with Albania.     Government intervention has also effected in attracting FDI with its decisions in economical and political aspects which are: Albania ”1 Euro” which can attract new investments since low prices occur; Low on concession and public procurement; “Law of foreign investments” ; Reduction of Corporate tax from 20 percentage (%) to 10 percentage (%). Some analyzes are done to determine the rate of effectiveness in international trade and licensing of foreign enterprises and businesses that operate in Albania. Negative and positive effects of foreign investments, according to trade balance, are mentioned to end up in a conclusion. Most of the dates are taken from Bank of Albania and INSTAT for 2000-2013 period and other reliable sources.    Keywords: International trade, FDI, markets, businesses, tax.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2512]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/674">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Trade, Finance and Development; an Approach of Understanding in what Fields is Albania the Right Country to Invest in.]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Our research consists of many approaches to present a wide, clear picture in understanding how a South-Western Balkan’s country such as Albania offers many ways in investments and development.What we will be further explaining are all the reasons that make Albania different from the countries in the region. Also, we will be giving points of view in where the investments from either national or international parties would not only be beneficial for the country’s economy, but very profitable for the investors as well.Known for the many opportunities it offers in this field, agriculture will be our focal point of attention. When Albania was under the communist regime, nearly 80% of the country’s GDP was made due to agricultural products. Taking into consideration the fact that technology, vehicles and farmers have higher aims and are way better than 30 years ago, we are absolutely positive that with a little bit of investment, this field will continue to remain priority.    The second field we, after checking the latest statistics, are sure that Albania is worth investing is the tourism. Being the 4th in the 2014’s chart of places to visit is not enough. Acknowledging the improvements in some parts of tourism, there’s still plenty of work to do. We will be presenting the particular parts that still need support and also what will be the benefits to gain from these investments.Another thing we will be stressing in our paper is the urge to bring back the industrial factories and their processes. Before ‘90s, there were several towns in the country that had particular factories, providing the citizens with their needs and even exporting a part of the products. During this past decade, many discussions have led to this topic, yet never coming up with an agreement in the end.    Lastly, we claim that technology is a very helping hand in the whole process of developing the economy. It will definitely be useful in international trades and it will help having a network available to all of those interested in investing in Albania.In our conclusion, we will be giving all the details on how we think all this process will be a success and in which ways it will make the country develop in surprisingly huge steps.  Keywords: EU, Balkans, agreements, Albanian economy, tourism, agriculture, industry, technology, development.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2474]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/808">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[International Transmission of Stock Market Movements for Turkey, U.S., England, Germany, Japan]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The degree of integration of financial markets around the world increased significantly during the late 1980s and 1990s. While international financial markets have become progressively interdependent, international spillover effects have broadly been considered around the world recently. This paper investigates international transmission stock market movements by co-integration testing, Granger causality testing and Vector auto regression (VAR) system. We examine international spillover effects between the major developed markets (U.S., England, Germany, and Japan) and the emerging markets (Turkey). Consequently, we find co-integration in almost all of the cases under %1 confidence interval. On the one hand, according to the results of the Granger causality tests, there are causality from Turkey stock market to US, Germany and Japan stock markets, from US. Stock market, from England stock market to US, Germany and Japan stock markets. There isn’t causality from Japan stock market to others stock markets. By the result of VAR analysis, all markets affected mostly their own shocks. On the other hand, US Stock market explains with the highest ratio of 16.50% England stock market with the forecast error variances at the end of the 3-day period and Germany stock market explains with the high ratio of 3.27% England stock market with the forecast error variances at the end of the 18-day period. Finally, there is low interaction between all other stock markets included in analysis.   Keywords: Stock markets, Co-integration testing, Granger causality testing, Vector auto regression (VAR) system.  ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-04]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2583]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>