<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1538">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Evaluation of Roadmap of Turkey for Public Management  in the Postmodern Era: Challenges and Prospects]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In reality, government is virtually the only sector in society today that has  yet to embrace the total philosophy of reinventing and reengineering in  this Information Age. Public sector world that previously contained a  dearth of relevant theory. Moving beyond the orthodoxies of policy and  management.  In this study, the current situation of public management system in Turkey  was analyzed, the positive and negative aspects were stated through,  Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological Factors.  Method and SWOT Analysis, postmodern public management indicators of  different countries were compared and finally a roadmap of Post-modern  public management cases was suggested for a successful post-modern  public management implementation.  Keywords: Roadmap, Management and Organizations, Postmodern Era,  Turkey]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1522]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1539">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Role of Work Hope on Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy  and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Evidence from Business  Students in Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Based on Bandura’s (1977; 1982) ‘self-efficacy’ concept within socialcognitive  theory, management scholars derived ‘entrepreneurial selfefficacy’  (e.g. Boyd &amp; Vozikis, 1994; Chen, Greene &amp; Crick, 1998; De Noble,  Jung &amp; Ehrlich, 1999), which is defined as an individual’s thoughts or  beliefs of whether he or she has the abilities attributed to an  entrepreneur’s role in respect to his or her self-perceptions of their skills  (Chen, Greene &amp; Crick, 1998; Wilson, Kickul &amp; Marlino, 2007). Widely  accepted entrepreneurial skills are opportunity identification, relationship  building, managerial capacity and tolerance for working effectively under  conditions of stress, pressure, conflict, and change (Barbosa, Gerhardt &amp;  Kickul, 2007). Besides this definition, it is noted that individuals are  motivated by their self-efficacy rather than their objective ability to  achieve an important tasks as well as a chosen outcome (Bandura, 1989;  1997; Markham, Balkin &amp; Baron, 2002).  Individuals with high level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy share another  belief of possessing a viable idea for a new business (Wilson, Kickul &amp;  Marlino, 2007) on which it is expected for them to have an aspiration to  act reflecting a high level of entrepreneurial intention (Chen, Greene &amp;  Crick, 1998; De Noble, Jung &amp; Ehrlich, 1999; Krueger, Reilly &amp; Carsrud, 2000; Krueger, 2007). In other words, individuals engage in  entrepreneurship not by accident but by an entrepreneurial intention  defined as a conscious state of mind, which directs their personal  attention, experience, and behavior toward planned entrepreneurial  behavior (Krueger, 2007; Bird, 1988).  In order to understand the relationship between self-efficacy and career  choice or particularly entrepreneurial intentions, there is extant research  (e.g. Barbosa, Gerhardt &amp; Kickul, 2007; Boyd &amp; Vozikis, 1994; Kruger, 1993;  Krueger, Reilly, &amp; Carsrud, 2000; Markham, Balkin &amp; Baron, 2002; Shapero  &amp; Sokol, 1982; Wilson, Kickul &amp; Marlino, 2007). However, there is limited  application of a newly developed construct, i.e. ‘work hope’ within this  interaction.  Adapted from Snyder’s (2000) hope theory, Juntunen and Wettersten  (2006) defines work hope as “a positive motivational state that is directed  at work and work-related goals and is composed of the presence of workrelated  goals and both the agency and pathways for achieving those  goals”. Furthermore, they developed an instrument to assess work hope,  which would offer empirical information in vocational research (Juntunen  &amp; Wettersten, 2006). In respect, ‘work hope’ is assumed as a promising  variable to provide additional perspective to the understanding of  individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions.  To sum up, this study aims to investigate the role of work hope on the  relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial  intentions. The scope of the research would be students enrolled in  İstanbul University, School of Business Administration and a cross-sectional  survey is intended for data collection. In attempt to expand previous  literature, this study is expected to shed light on the moderating effect of  students’ vocational prospects on their perceived self-efficacy and  entrepreneurial intentions.  Keywords: Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurial Intentions, Work  Hope.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1573]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1540">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Limits of the SCO: Rethinking the Enlargement  Dilemma and Implications for Turkish Foreign Policy]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The question of whether the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO),  which has been seen by some scholars as the Russo-Chinese “strategic  partnership”, can manage both deepening and widening of the  organization simultaneously has been a central concern of many public  and academic debates in recent years. Since its debut, SCO proved to be a  potential platform where upon Beijing – Moscow cooperation on a wider  Central Asia was enhanced further. Although the differences in the areas  of security, foreign policy and trade orientations of the member states  impede furthering the coordinated efforts towards enlargement, the SCO  members and observers alike, share lots of ideals and are longing for a  similar future for this extremely vast region. Nevertheless, it still remains  to be seen whether the expansion of the organization would facilitate or  make it more difficult in achieving and sustaining coherent policies among  the member countries. In a time of global economic crisis and drastic  changes in its immediate neighbors linked to the Arab Spring, the question  of enlargement renders a bunch of challenges and intricate choices,  among one of which is the recent overtures made by Turkey for joining  the SCO as an alternative to the European Union (EU). This paper  discusses the development of the SCO as an organization by analyzing first  its founding principles and objectives. Secondly, the work sheds light on  the converging and divergent aspects of the country specific approaches  to the enlargement issue and thirdly, addresses the prospects of Turkish  bid for full member status at SCO.  Keywords: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Russia, China, Turkish  Foreign Policy, Arab Spring, Eurasian Security.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1660]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1541">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Optimizing Bosnian (BH) Macroeconomic Policy]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Postwar economy of BH has adopted free market economy mechanisms  while inheriting most of the policies in the area of pension system, health  care system, and market regulation from the time of centrally planned  economy, which is unsustainable. BH has also adopted EU membership as  the aim, which provides the constraint to policy making in many areas  including macroeconomics, economic system and regulation of the market  mechanisms. The additional constraints imposed on small open economy  limit the macroeconomic policy of BH in achieving the external and internal  balance. This paper analyzes present macroeconomic policy of BH using  the standard open economy framework along the lines of Dornbush  model, within the above mentioned limitations and constraints, and  provides the optimum macroeconomic policy for BH, assuming the set  objectives of economic growth, price stability and employment. We show  that macroeconomic goal of employment can be reached, within  constraints placed on BH economy, only through structural reforms that  increase labor market flexibility, policies that tackle issues of efficient use  of resources and effective mechanisms of market regulation.  Keywords: Open Economy Macroeconomics, Economic Policy, Bosnia]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1462]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1542">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Technological Structure of Export between Turkey and  Brazil]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[In recent years, the rapid growth of trade volume causes more rapid  diffusion of new technologies to emerging economies. International  Monetary Fund (IMF) labels Turkey and Brazil as emerging economies.  Brazil is the sixth largest economy and Turkey is the eighteenth largest  economy in the world in order of GDP in 2011. Turkey and Brazil are  attracting attention among emerging economies lately. Turkey export was  614 million dollar and import was 1.3 billion dollar. Trade volume between  Turkey and Brazil was 1.9 billion dollar in 2010 and it is reached 2.9 billion  dollar by 52 percent increase and 1.1 billion dollar Turkish deficit in 2011. It  is expecting to reach 10 billion trade volumes between two countries.  The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the technological structure of  exports that may help to explain trade performance between Turkey and  Brazil. The process of technology structure is analyzed from quantitative  and qualitative aspects. This paper used a trade classification system which  divided trade structure into ten technological parts such as primary  products, resource based, low, medium and high technology products. The  trade classification system prepared by Lall and OECD. The study used  annual data in the form of STIC revision 2 and 3 digit for the years between  1992 and 2010. The data collected from United Nations Commodity Trade  Statistics Database. The reporter country is Turkey for Turkey’s export to  Brazil and Brazil is the reporter country for Brazil’s export to Turkey. As a  result of this study, it is expected to determine firstly technological  structure of trade between two countries then how technological structure  of trade changed between Turkey and Brazil over the years. Policy makers  can decide future trade plans for both country according to result of this  paper.  Keywords: Trade Classification, Technological Structure, Export, Brazil,  Turkey.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1643]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1543">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Trade as Engine of Growth: The Case of Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[As a result of technological changes in the world, international trade has  become very easy in practice and has shown a rapid increase in the  volume. The increase in trade volume is closely related to the growth  policies implemented by countries. While some of countries applying  import substitution policies for economic growth, some of them applying  export oriented policies for growth. Both import-led growth hypothesis  and export-led growth hypothesis are an important discussion in applied  economics. Turkey&#039;s economy implemented import substitution growth  policies until 1980 then country&#039;s economy affected by oil crisis after that  stabilization program applied in 24 January 1980. In this respect, the study  is divided into two separate parts, which are the years between 1962 and  1981, years between 1982 and 2010. These two groups analyzed and  evaluated separately. The main purpose of this study is to investigate  relationship between export, import and growth in both periods for  Turkey. Dickey Fuller (ADF) tested stationary of the variables. Granger  causality test was applied to test the existence of causality between the  variables. As a result of this paper, it is found that causal relationship from  import towards economic growth from 1962 to 1981 and casual  relationship from export towards economic growth between the years  1982 and 2010.  Keywords: Export-Led Growth, Import-Led Growth, Economic Growth,  Trade, Granger Causality Test.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1673]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1544">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Factors Influencing Buying Behavior on Daily Deal Sites  in Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The Internet is experiencing a new fashion in the last two years. Daily deal  sites have become popular also in Turkey like many other countries. They  provide daily discounted offers to the customers for various items. Most of  the people look at those sites for discounts before they start to work. This  new way of shopping becomes almost a habit for them. Those sites are  nearly a part of our daily lives. But, this means not that every person using  the Internet for shopping purposes prefers daily deal sites for purchasing  goods and services. There are some behavioral differences between  customers. The factors that initiate the buying process differ across  customers.  This study will try to investigate the factors that influence Turkish  consumers’ buying behaviors and satisfaction from daily deal sites in  Turkey. A model is proposed of the buying process in the online shopping  environment. Mostly price related constructs and the impulse buying  tendencies of online consumers will be used as predictors of buying  behavior. Satisfaction from daily deal sites is held a result of buying  behavior. Hypotheses will be developed according to the effects of the  factors on buying behavior and satisfaction from daily deal sites. The  hypotheses will be tested using multiple regression analysis. A survey will  be held through online daily deal site shoppers in Turkey who bought at  least one item using those sites in the last three months. Findings of the  study will be useful both for the academics and online retailers.  Keywords: Daily Deal Sites, Online Shopping, Turkey, Multiple Regressions]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1611]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-23-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1545">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Relationship between Inventory and Financial  Performance: Turkey Case]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Inventories, which are among working capital factors and have the least  amount of liquidity, have an important effect on the financial performance of  enterprises, especially in terms of productivity. Inventory management and  determining of optimal inventory level have a vital role in the point of the  productivity of firms’ operations especially for the firms which operate on  manufacturing industry.  This study has a vital importance because of several reasons. There are limited  numbers of studies relevant to discrete components of inventory performance  and financial performance in Turkey. This study is relevant to both inventory  and finance departments of a firm. Cost of inventory and financing of these  assets’ investment are important for financial managers.  The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between inventory  and financial performance in manufacturing firms in Turkey. In this respect,  financial statements of manufacturing firms are used between 2002 and 2011.  Financial data of firms are obtained from the İstanbul Stock Exchange  database. Raw material, work-in-process, finished goods and total inventory  are taken as indicators of inventory performance. Then the ratios of these  indicators to total sales are used in analysis. Gross profit to total sales and  operating profit to total sales are used as indicator of financial performance.  The regression analysis was employed by using financial ratios obtained from  financial statements of firms within the scope of analysis.  As a result, the relationship between total inventory performance and financial  performance are explained. Besides this, the relationship between discrete  types of inventory performance and financial performance are summarized in  the results.  Keywords: Operating Performance, Inventory Performance, Financial  Performance, Raw Material, Work-In-Process, Finished Goods.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1570]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1546">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[The Relationship between Short Selling and Stock  Market Liquidity: Evidence From İstanbul Stock  Exchange]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Short selling is an important strategy that investors take short position on  stock with the expectation of gain. Having a short position in a stock is that  selling borrowed stock on a particular date and buying the stock on a later date  in order to give the stock back to the stock lender. After giving the stock to the  lender, investor closes out the short position. Individual and institutional  investors can have short position for speculation, hedging or arbitrage. Short  selling is expected to contribute to the stock price formation and stock  liquidity. The positive relation between short sale process and stock liquidity  reduce transaction costs and contribute market efficiency. Stock prices have  become more informative with short selling. This result affect investor’s  behavior and investor’s short term and long term investment decisions about  the stock. In reviewing the literature on short selling strategy, the relationship  between short sale process and stock liquidity is two-way. However, it has  been determined that there are a few studies which test the relationship  between stock liquidity, trade in İstanbul Stock Exchange, and short sale  process. The purpose of our study is to provide evidence whether short sale  process affects stock liquidity. The sample consists of the firms from ISE30  index. ISE30 index comprises of the stocks with the highest liquidity due to the  intensity of trading volume. For this reason, the relationship between the  stock liquidity and the short sale process is expected to be explained better. In  the study by making use of daily stock data with the number of trading days.  Furthermore, our sample period covers trading days between 1 January, 2011  and December 31, 2011. In this study, regression analysis was used and  determined a relationship between short selling and stock liquidity.  Keywords: Short Selling, ISE, Stock Market Liquidity, Market Efficiency,  Regression Analysis.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1571]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1547">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Determinants of Crime Rate in EU: a Spatial Analysis]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[It is essential to ensure peace and security for sustainable development. In  recent years, economic and social factors are closely associated with the  amount of increased crime, and economic crises increase the amount of  crime has become a widespread notion.  The purpose of this study is to determine how social and economic factors  affect the occurrence of crime, and investigate the effects of the crisis on  crime rate.  Criminal investigations show that there is significant relation between  crime and “place” of the crime. Crime rate shows different distribution  characteristics, it decreases in some places, while increases in some places,  hence; it is required a spatial perspective. Therefore, Techniques of Spatial  Economic Analysis is used in this paper. The promise of using spatial data  and analyses for crime control still remains to be demonstrated and  depends on the nature of the relationship between crime and place.  Theoretical concerns focus on how place might be a factor in crime, either  by influencing or shaping the types and levels of criminal behavior by the  people who frequent an area, or by attracting to an area people who  already share similar criminal inclinations. While the crime rate in the  model is the dependent variable, the net migration rate, unemployment  rate, education level and per capita gross domestic product will be used as  independent variables. Data covers the European Union countries and the  year of data is 2010. The effect of these variables is observed to determine  the amount of crime and whether or not it comes to a spatial effect is  investigated. The relationship between migrations and crime is one of the  problems on which for a long time now social research has been  concentrating, mainly in countries characterized by important emigrational  flows. This paper provides an empirical evaluation of whether one can  uncover a link between crimes and, economic and social variables like  unemployment rate, education level and per capita gross domestic product  using a research methodology, additionally; impacts of last economic crisis  on European Union countries are examined.  Keywords: Crime Rate, EU countries, Spatial Analysis.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-10]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1515]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2303-4564     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>