<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2985">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Rumelian Legend: Safiye Erol and Ciğerdelen]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Ciğerdelen, a novel of Safiye Erol first published in 1946, is an important  study of Ottoman conquest idea and the Balkan adventure. We can say that the book  contains intertwined a few novels. On the one hand the book can be handled as a  post-modern romance, on the other hand, as a post-modern historical novel that  focused on Ottoman’s protection and defense of the Balkans. The book does not stay  away from the tradition of Turkish folk narration, and has biographical features with  the traces from author’s life. Safiye Erol, as a daughter of a Balkan originated family,  succeeded to carry the Ottoman’s love of Balkans into a concrete ground with this  novel. In this paper, we will try to analyze Cigerdelen, one of the novels that get the  Balkans to the center, by starting from its title and pointing out the couple meaning  and repetition sprinkled by the author to the whole novel.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[731]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3251">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Sample for the Environmental Protection Implementation in Turkey:  National Parks]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The rapid population growth, extreme and unplanned consumption, in line with  technological developments, cause intensive pressure upon natural sources. Likewise, the  human values that have a global importance due to historical and cultural features face the  similar problems. As one of the current global problems, environmental change and  destruction urge to be taken some precautions. The conscious occurrence of the national parks,  one of the precautions of environmental protection, goes back to the second half of the  nineteenth century. The Yellowstone National Park, in the USA opened in 1872 can be seen  as the official beginning of the environmental protection thought.  The natural and cultural sources are under serious danger in Turkey where its settlement is  very old. The first legal regulations in Turkey as for the national parks were made at the end  of the World War II. The first national park is Yozgat Camligi National Park opened in 1958.  Today, the number of these park is 40 and the protection area reaches 897 657 hectares. It is  seen that the 1.1 % of the whole area (814 578 km²) is under protection as national park field.  Intense tourism pressure causes ignorance of protection approach which is the basis of  sustainable environment understanding. Further, the restriction of economic benefit zones  causes the local people to develop negative attitudes towards protection areas. However, the  expectations of the local people should be taken into consideration by means of scientific  planning so that sustainable environment understanding can reach the optimum results.  In this study the legal regulations as for the national parks, national parks and their  geographical distribution, the fundamental problems and suggestions were examined.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2009-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[515]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2433">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Sample Text Comprehension Activity Prepared According To Textuality For 2nd Step 6th Grade Primary School Turkish (Mother Tongue) Courses To Gain The Skill Of Reading]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Reading is a field that feeds all skills. Students gain experience in each reading process and they acquire the basic reading and writing skills at school. Then it becomes a habit of reading.  Students improve their reading skills when they do an activity in the coursebooks. They develop the capacity of understanding and increase the reading effort as well.  The purpose of this study; is to gain reading skills to the students with the help of text comprehension activity, prepared according to the textuality. The most important target of Turkish Lesson Curriculum which has been prepared according to the constructivist approach, is to provide students read the text correctly and provide them understand it completely.   In this study, any kind of activity which aims understanding of the text according to the textuality, will be submitted in 6th grade Turkish lessons. Those kinds of activities provide students perceive and interpret easily. Text comprehension activities that we do in our study, consist of three parts; pre-text studying (summary, visual summary, monitoring, result deduction, planning), targeted-text studying (reading monitoring/strategy) and final-text studying (genre analysis).   So that, thought to these activities, the object of the author, the genre of the text, language and expression feature, development of intellectual and emotional and word frame may be easily recognized. ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-04]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[863]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2626">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Simple Model Referring Evasion  Case in Albanian Pension System]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This study deals with the relationship between underreported earnings,  savings and old-age pension. The presented model is taken from the  paper “Underreported Earnings and Old-Age Pension System: An  Elementary System” of Hungarian Academy of Science and is applied  to the Albanian data. Three pension systems have been compared: 1-  the proportional, 2- the proportional plus basic pension and, 3- the  proportional with means testing. The workers are grouped such as, awell-  paid who report their full earnings (so-called the evaders), b- wellpaid  who report only the minimum earnings and c- the poorly paid. It  is assumed that the evaders have a hidden part of earnings for their oldage.  The main result of the study is the following: if the evaders can be  recognized and excluded, then the best system is the means-tested one.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-01]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1074]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2742">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A SITUATED LEARNING PRACTICE FOR LANGUAGE TEACHING  CLASSES: TEACHING SPOKEN ENGLISH WITH AUTHENTIC]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Situated Learning is a term first proposed by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger as a  model of learning in a community of practice. According to Lave and Wenger learning should  not be viewed as simply the transmission of abstract and decontextualised knowledge from  one individual to another, but a social process whereby knowledge is co-constructed; they  suggest that such learning is situated in a specific context and embedded within a particular  social and physical environment. Foreign language teaching is proved to be most effective  and optimal only when it is performed in a setting of real communication and performance.  The exposure to spoken language and cultural elements of foreign language is the best way of  teaching the language itself rather than grammatical patterns and rules of the language.  In this study, we aim to review ‗situational learning approach‘ in context with its role and  efficiency of teaching spoken language.  An experimental study was conducted on the university students in the prep classes at the  School of Tourism in Erzincan University. 12 male and 11 female students in the control  group and 14 male and 10 female students in the experimental group took part in the research.  The language levels of the students were determined by a language proficiency test which  is used as pre-test of the study. Language proficiency test composed of mainly dialogues  including spoken language patterns. After 8 weeks of lectures with authentic sketches which  were used as reading materials in experimental group and classical reading materials in  control group, the students were given the same language proficiency test as post-test. When  pre and post-test results were evaluated, we found that there was a significant difference  between the pre and post-test results of the subjects on behalf of the students in the  experimental group. In view of the findings obtained from the study, we can conclude that  spoken language can be achieved by authentic sketches which are designed to serve as a  situated learning setting.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2011-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[59]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1885">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Sociolonguistic Account of the Gender and Culture Based Language Effect]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Key words: Mother tongue, Second language acquisition, language culture, gender differences in languages, politeness in languages, solidarity  ABSTRACT  There is an old saying among Bosnian people “How many languages you know that much you are worth”. From this old saying we see that knowing a language is a very important thing. It’s not just being able to communicate with other people, it’s showing how well educated a person is. While learning a foreign language it is being impossible not to compare it with your mother tongue and to check if there are any differences or perhaps similarities between the language/s. Do L1 and L2 have similarities in respect of grammar, pronouns, word order in the sentence, gender differences, politeness and etc?! In this case Bosnian is considered as mother tongue and English, Turkish as foreign languages. While acquiring second language the important thing on what a person pays attention is the way how politeness is expressed. Some languages as Bosnian and Turkish have the ways of politeness when having a conversation with someone elder expressed but English doesn’t. Is it a good thing or not? Which language has politeness fully expressed? Learning languages and paying attention if they have words that are focusing on gender differences, as we know nowadays many males and females may have the same occupation. Is it seen as an offense towards a female person referring them with the word that is usually used for males, or vice versa? Do we refer to them as equal or do we pay attention on their gender? How is politeness differentiated in these languages? Those are aspects on which this project is focused on, and they are considered as being of great importance while acquiring second language. Another important aspect is, paying attention on the role of all these named components while acquiring a foreign language. Do they lead to misunderstandings, wrong usage, or perhaps to something else?]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[IBU Publishing]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-03]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1706]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2349">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Study About Mobbing On Students, The Relationship Between Their Personality  Traits And Mental Status]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of psychological violence (mobbing) on the  mood of students attending colleges and on how the mood affects their traits. In this context,  the effect of the violence level as psychological impact on the mood of students was  examined in the process of personality traits. The sample group of the study consists of 250 last class students studying at a social sciences vocational school in Antalya, Turkey.  Behaviour scale for psychological violence, scale of personality characteristics and  depression scale were used in the study. Perceptions of mobbing of the students came from  rural areas with low-income are higher than city dwellers students with normal or high  income levels. However, it was observed that male students were exposed to mobbing more  than female students.  Keywords: Psychological violence, personality traits, mood]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1148]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1847">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Study Based on the Expressions of Politeness  in Turkish and French]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Key words: politeness, expressions, sociolinguistic, pragmatic, intercultural consciousness  ABSTRACT  In order to develop intercultural consciousness, people have to study the politeness principles of the society in which two languages are talked. Students can gain the necessary communication skills by learning the politeness principles. In Grice’s cooperative principal, it is necessary to teach the principles of politeness in addition to quality, quantity, importance and style principles. According to the research results, the schoolbooks that teach Turkish and French do not cover sufficiently the dialogues and exercises related to the principles of politeness (“...” Kazmaz: 2012).  This study aims at making a comparative analysis of the usage of the principles of politeness both in Turkish and French. As a special kind of communication channel, the politeness expressions show themself not only in sentences, words, intonations but also in some facial expressions like smiling or looking. In this research, by taking into consideration some concrete practices of the politeness theory, the importance of teaching two languages as foreign languages will be underlined and some concrete examples of politeness discourse for which Grice’s cooperative principal fails to explain will be discussed. The principles of the politeness theory -as image, influence, perception, impression- which are also the main research areas of sociolinguistics and pragmatics will be analysed with some special examples in respect to their contribution to language teaching.  In the first part of the study, the theoretical views Goffman, Brown and Levinson, Lakoff and Leech, Kerbrat-Orecchioni and in the second part the politeness expressions peculiar to French and Turkish language will be comparatively analysed. In the concluding part, the importance of the politeness principles in language learning will be emphasised.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[IBU Publishing]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-03]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1839]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2699">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A study of anxiety among the Graduation Learners of English as a Foreign  Language in Pakistan.]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The learning of English as a foreign language in Pakistan takes place in  two different types of Educational Institutions – Urdu and English Medium. Some  students, in a pilot study, were reported to have acquitted themselves well in their  language class while others not so well, particularly in speaking the language in the  classroom. The main reason for low performance in this regard was reportedly  attributed to anxiety and nervousness among the low performers. In order to ascertain  this hypothesis empirically, this researcher carried out a full fledge research to this  effect. The study as such used qualitative semi- structured individual interviews and  focus group discussion. A total of thirty four participants including twenty seven  learners and seven experienced language teachers participated in the research. The  findings suggest that anxiety in communication stems, on the one hand, in the learners  from their self created perceptions and beliefs about themselves, and on the other,  from the strict and formal classroom environment in the educational institutions. On  the basis of these findings the study suggests some measures to be followed in the  classroom to alleviate the element of anxiety in the learners. Such measures are  expected to yield positive results in the performance of the learners.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2011-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[22]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2686">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[A Study of Death of a Salesman in the Light of Louis Althusser’s “Ideology”]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Althusser’s work on “ideology” offers literary critics the possibility of an entirely new kind of literary criticism. It has offered a revolutionary theory of society in whose terms literature could be understood, and a politically significant rationale for doing so. In the light of his work, it seemed that literary criticism could for the first time become both scientifically true and politically radical.  The main purpose behind an ideology is to offer change in society and introduce a set of ideals where conformity already exists, through a normative thought process. What ideology creates in people’s minds is a sense of illusion of being important and also being free. The result of such an imposed thought is loss of identity which Althusser mentions as a process of turning individuals into subjects and the slaves of the system unconsciously.    The core of all Miller’s works is fragmentation of the American society. He left for the history of theater, his great tragedy, Death of a Salesman, as an outstanding modern drama. Miller is an anomalous figure in the American theater, both reviled and exalted to the highest level for his work, often for the same reason. His themes are shaped more by social and political arguments than by the grieving of the human heart. Death of a Salesman mixes the tradition of social realism that informs most of Miller’s works with a more experimental structure that includes fluid leaps in time as the main character, Willy Loman, drifts into memories of his sons as teenagers and turns to be a victim of his own delusions of grandeur and obsession with success, which leads to failure.    In this article an attempt is made to analyze Miller’s work the light of Althusser’s ideology, with reference to such new concepts as Interpellation (Subject), ISAs (Ideological State Apparatuses), RSA (Repressive State Apparatus).  ]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[966]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>