<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1815">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Gender Stereotypes and Gender Differences in Language Usage]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Key words: gender language equality, male/ female titles, language usage, speech differences  ABSTRACT  Along with various social, cultural and political factors, language is one of the biggest conveyors of prejudices. As speakers of a specific language, consciously or subconsciously, we tend to depict all our beliefs, values and expectations via our choice of vocabulary, speaking style, register etc. Moreover, the attitude of speakers towards diverse social issues, such as gender equality, can be visible through our language usage. Therefore, this paper will present the idea of gender (in) equality seen from a sociolinguistic and applied linguistic perspective, using the language as the main means of gender stereotypes.  The paper highlights the influence of the society and the area in which the language is communicated as one of the main contributors to the speech differences between men and women, which later on contribute to their social differences. In other words, the differences (or similarities, if existing) between male and female speech characteristics will be presented in the paper, taking into consideration the attitude of speakers and their communication habits and characteristics.  The paper also presents a brief research (survey) including 20 men and women who give their opinion on this topic and who answer relevant questions regarding language usage and language policy. The survey includes the group of nouns denoting titles and professions in male/ female gender and their usage, as it has been shown in some languages that most of the titles and professions are used mainly for male gender.  In the end, the paper depicts potential solutions to the problems of gender (in) equality in languages and gives examples of how this issue can be solved.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[IBU Publishing]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-03]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1967]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2003">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Gendered Swearing – deconstruction of Lady&#039;s Identity?]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Key words: taboo, swearing, gender, identity, equality  ABSTRACT  According to McEnery (2005) swearing is the use of any word or phrase that is likely to cause offence when used in polite conversation. Trudgill (2000) sees swearing as a part of taboo language, which is something supernaturally forbidden or regarded as immoral or improper. Jay, in his numerous studies (1980-2006), distinguishes several categories of taboo language: obscenities, vulgarisms, curses, expletives, profanities, confirming their presence and use in almost all languages.  There has been widespread research into swearing within many disciplines such as linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, sexuality, education, sociology, women’s studies, just to name a few. However, one of the most intriguing aspects of the sociolinguistics of swearing is the correlation between swearing and the gender of speakers, because it is strongly tied to gender roles and expectations in society.  As ‘women’s language’ is usually considered polite, cooperative, powerless and lady talk, swearing is seen as aggressive and masculine and women who swear are immediately characterized as violating gender norms, which is directly connected to gender identity.  Being fully aware of strong swearing frequency among women today, we would like to pay attention to the following questions: When do young people swear? How is their swearing context-based? What is the difference between male and female swearing? Does the use of swear words impact the deconstruction of lady’s identity?  An analysis of swearing can offer a deeper insight into social relations among young people today, particularly those referring to gender issues.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[IBU Publishing]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-03]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1844]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/546">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[General Tool Conditions for Green Machining]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[The development of &quot;green&quot; machine tools will require novel approaches for  design, production and operation for energy savings and reduced environmental impact.  Manufacturing processes carried out on machine tools are energy intensive. As machine  tools have become more advanced, their degree of automation has risen by adding  components such as tool change mechanisms or additional axes. Given the general trend of  increasing power demand of machine tools the cost that companies have to expend on  electrical energy will rise in the future. Furthermore, the external costs on the environment  rise, since currently the majority of electrical power is obtained from burning fosil resources.  A foreseeable shortage of fossil resources and a growing demand to include the external cost  of environmental damage in product prices are likely to increase the cost of electrical energy  for companies even further. Therefore, in order to maintain competitiveness and lower  costs, companies have to identify ways to decrease the energy consumed during  manufacturing for a given product.  Keywords: green machining; depth of cut (doc); diamond tools; tool conditions; cnc lathes]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2754]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233 - 0054     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1288">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[GENERAL TOOL CONDITIONS FOR GREEN MACHINING]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Keywords:Green Machining; Depth of Cut (DOC); Diamond Tools; Tool Conditions; CNC lathes  ABSTRACT  The development of &quot;green&quot; machine tools will require novel approaches for design, production and operation for energy savings and reduced environmental impact. Manufacturing processes carried out on machine tools are energy intensive. As machine tools have become more advanced, their degree of automation has risen by adding components such as tool change mechanisms or additional axes. Given the general trend of increasing power demand of machine tools the cost that companies have to expend on electrical energy will rise in the future. Furthermore, the external costs on the environment rise, since currently the majority of electrical power is obtained from burning fosil resources. A foreseeable shortage of fossil resources and a growing demand to include the external cost of environmental damage in product prices are likely to increase the cost of electrical energy for companies even further. Therefore, in order to maintain competitiveness and lower costs, companies have to identify ways to decrease the energy consumed during manufacturing for a given product.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2013-05-24]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2048]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 2233-1565     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/3307">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Genetic Diversity in the Dwarf Dry Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris l.)  Populations Grown in Konya]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This research was conducted to determine the genetic differences among the dwarf  dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) populations collected from the Konya province of Turkey.  Seedlings were grown in a controlled greenhouse of Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture  during the year 2007. A total of 38 populations were gathered from the city center, the towns and  the villages. Genetic differences were determined via ISSR method. By using 10 primers a total  of 85 DNA bands were obtained of which 71 were found to be polymorphic.  Our results have demonstrated that the populations used were clustered into 3 major groups.  Similarity degrees were in between 0.48 – 097. Knowledge about the genetic characteristics of a  population is fundamental in breeding programs and it involves the local farmers. This strategy  allows to improve and, at the same time, safeguard the genetic reliability of landrace genetic  resources.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2009-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[462]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/648">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[GENOFUND OF NATIVE FRUIT IN THE UNA - SANA CANTON]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[A high-quality genofund of fruit species and varieties, which are the result of centuries-long  adaptation and selection, characterises the Una – Sana Canton. Therefore, this work has  included research on the thirty-one sites in eight municipalities (Bihać, Bosanska Krupa,  Bosanski Petrovac, Bužim, Cazin, Sanski Most, Velika Kladuša) of the Una- Sana Canton.  The aim is primarily to protect and preserve endangered fruit trees and genofund, whereby the  first step in meeting these goals is the inventory of native species and varieties. The total of  275 native fruit accessions has been found at these sites, apples and pears being dominant.  Most native fruit accessions are not commercially significant varieties. However, local  inhabitants mainly use them in the processing and preparation of traditional products. Also, a  high degree of tolerance of these accessions for particular diseases and pests was recorded,  whereby these accessions represent an exceptional source of starting material for future  breeding steps.  Key words: Native fruit, genofund, Una-Sana Canton, inventory, accession]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:publisher><![CDATA[International Burch University]]></dcterms:publisher>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014-05-15]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[2483]]></dcterms:extent>
    <dcterms:identifier><![CDATA[ISSN 978-9958-834-36-3     ]]></dcterms:identifier>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2133">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Genomics and Transcriptomics Analysis of Metal Accumulator Plants in Brassicaceae]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[some of the economically high valuable vegetables and oilseed crops used worldwide. The  major industrial and food crops in Brassica are the closest relatives to the model plant  Arabidopsis thaliana, and hence are major beneficiaries from the vast data of genomics and  molecular genetics available in the database of Arabidopsis thaliana. Extensive genetic and  molecular analyses have been undertaken for the six cultivated Brassica species. The four  closely related crop species B. rapa (AA, 2n=20), B. juncea (AABB, 2n=36), B. napus  (AACC, 2n=38), and B. carinata (BBCC, 2n=34) provide about 12% of the worldwide edible  oil supply. The other two species B. nigra (BB, 2n=16) and B. oleracea (CC, 2n=18) provide  many vegetables for healthy human diet having a valuable source of dietary fiber, vitamin C  and other anticancer compounds. The comparative mapping between Arabidopsis thaliana and  the well known oil crops in Brassicaceae, coupled with the basic knowledge of mutation  based functional analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana and QTL mapping in Brassicas, could  greatly contribute towards a better understanding of the genetic architecture for the conserved  as well as the evolved traits of agronomic value of crop plants in Brassicaceae. Brassica nigra  has the second smallest genome size (~ 632 Mbp) among the six cultivated species of  Brassica. Approximately 25% of the documented metal hyper accumulating species are  members of the Brassicaceae and some of them are being used for phytoremediation. The  super metal accumulating capacity of Arabidopsis halleri and Thlaspi caerulescens have been  well documented. Because of their slow growth and low biomass, other fast-growing and high  biomass brassica crop plants, for example Brassica juncea and Brassica nigra have been  evaluated for their ability to hyper accumulate metals from contaminated soils.  The Diyabeker ecotype of B. nigra collected from southeastern part of Turkey was found to  be hyperaccumulator of Cu. We carried out the comparative transcriptome analysis in order to  find out the expression level of metal induced genes and transcriptome changes both in low  and high Cu treated plants. Microarray analysis showed that some of the genes were highly  expressed (several hundred fold) with Cu treated plants compared to control. Our microarray  data using Affymetrix GeneChip Arabidopsis Genome Array (ATH1-121501 Genechip)  indicate that possibly several genes including the genes in glutathione pathway, metal ATPase  and ABC transporters are involved in metal tolerances in this ecotype.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2012-05-31]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[1245]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/1171">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[GENRE ANALYSIS OF A TURKISH TOURISM BROCHURE]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[This study uses the genre analysis methodology to investigate the discourse patterns and features of a Turkish tourism brochure and apply the genre analysis to it within the frame of Bhatia’s (2004) movestructural model. The data used for this study consisted of one Turkish tourism brochure advertising several locations in North Aegean region, which was issued by Association of Turkish Travel Agencies (TURSAB). The data was analyzed by the application of Bhatia’s (2004) move-structural model which is based on John Swale’s (1990) genre analysis. The criterion for selecting the Turkish tourism brochure was to reveal its communicative purpose; to persuade the customers into buying the service advertised by means of applying lexico-grammatical features and visual images. The study analyzed how the brochure realizes its communicative goals and maximizes the persuasive power of the brochure.    Keywords: Move-structural model, genre analysis, persuasive communicative goals]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2014]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[3381]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2774">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Genre and Gender as Byronic Subversions in Don Juan]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Don Juan by Lord Byron is puzzling and engaging for a contemporary  reader because of the subversiveness of its nature manifested in transgressions of both  social and literary kind. It is classified as an epic, but it subverts every convention of  the genre, retaining only the framework. The most prominent subversion of the genre  is at the same time the subversion of gender. It is manifested in the choice, description  and action of the main hero. Within the genre which normally serves as a mirror  reflecting patriarchal society values and imposing clear-cut patterns for desired  behavior in warrior societies, Byron presents us with an effeminate version of a  notorious Spanish lover Don Juan, who gets to be chosen a hero of this unusual epic  poem. This paper aims at exploring subversive nature of the aforementioned text and  pointing out to the way gender is socially constructed and therefore changeable  category, thus bringing it into connection with ideas of Judith Butler who questions  the patriarchal discourse of power and claims that what has been sold to us as a  difference of sex was actually gender all along.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2011-05]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[65]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:about="https://omeka.ibu.edu.ba/items/show/2974">
    <dcterms:title><![CDATA[Gentrification in Question: The Case of Bursa, Turkey]]></dcterms:title>
    <dcterms:abstract><![CDATA[Gentrification can be interpreted as a return of the affluent people to the  city. This process is supported by authorities both due to the contributions it could  make to the city in many ways. The studies concentrating on the subjective and  cultural motives prioritize the characteristics that can be called “positive attributes”  of gentrification in general, such as the conservation of the historical architecture by  the renewal efforts as a positive outcome. While accepting the advantages provided  by the gentrification for urban renewal, it can be claimed that it brings about social  problems. The opportunity of cheap housing in the city center is lost as a  consequence of the gentrification, and therefore the low-income groups holding jobs  in the center are forced to move to distant locations. In this scope, the goal of the  study is to identify whether the urban renewal observed in the Tophane, Hisar district  in Bursa, one of the historical cities in Turkey, could be analyzed through the concept  “gentrification”.]]></dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:date><![CDATA[2010-06]]></dcterms:date>
    <dcterms:extent><![CDATA[732]]></dcterms:extent>
</rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>